Medical Specialties Commons^™

Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Histologic And Immunophenotypic Analysis, Suhail Muzaffar, M. Shahid Siddiqui, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Shahid Pervez, Naila Kayani Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan Sheema H. Hasan Sheema H. Hasan, Lmran Siddiqui Lmran Siddiqui

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To observe the spectrum of non-Hodkin’s lymphomas involving the central nervous system including morphological subtypes and immunophenotypic status.

Setting: Retrospective analysis of eleven years (1986 to 1996) data from surgical pathology files of Department of Pathology.

Results: orty-three cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas were diagnosed during the period of eleven years (from 1986 to 1996), all of which were diffuse types. A total of 1177 Central Nervous CNS biopsies were examined, out of which 937 cases were diagnosed as CNS neoplasms, the remaining were non-neoplastic in nature. Among 937 CNS neoplasms, 43 cases (4.6%) were reported as non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. As …

Uterine Atony At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan: A Risk Factor Analysis, S H. Feerasta, A Motiei, S Motiwala, N F. Zuberi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objectives: To identify risk factors for uterine atony following assisted or unassisted vaginal delivery.
Design: This hospital based case control study was done at The Aga Khan University Karachi, Pakistan. Cases were defined as all women with uterine atony within 24 hours of an assisted or unassisted vaginal delivery. Controls were based on women with normal assisted or unassisted vaginal delivery without uterine atony. Data abstracted form the medical records; adjusted odds ratios were estimated by multiple logistic regression.
Results: Factors having a significant association with uterine atony were gestational diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 7.6, 95% CI 6.9-9.0, p = …

Morphological Pattern Of Testicular Tumors, M S. Gill, S H. Shah, I N. Soomro, Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:
To find out the mode of presentation, age distribution and the prevalence of various histological subtypes of testicular tumors.
Method:
All consecutive cases of testicular tumors diagnosed in the department of pathology, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, during the period of eight years (1991-98) were included in this study. Relevant clinical details such as age, clinical presentation and side of involvement of the testis were also recorded, where available.
Results:
During the span of eight years (1991-98), 170 cases of testicular tumors were diagnosed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Most of the tumors were diagnosed in …

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy At The Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi, S. C. Patel, J. R. Bhatt

General Surgery, East Africa

Objective: To evaluate our experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomies at the Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi over a three-year period from the inception of the technique, and to assess its value and advantages to the patients.

Design: A prospective case series study.

Setting: The Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi.

Patients: One hundred and thirty five cases operated from February 1996 to April 1999. All patients were subjected to the American method of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is described in detail in this paper.

Main outcome measures: Clinical presentation, age and sex demographics, average hospital stay, intraoperative and postoperative complications and outcome.

Results: There was …

Endovascular Embolization Of Traumatic Intracavernous Pseudoaneurysm Of Internal Carotid Artery, T U. Haq, S A. Khan, I H. Rizvi

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

Childhood Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Immunophenotypic Analysis., Sajid Hussain Shah, Suhail Muzaffar, Shahid Pervez, Sheema H. Hassan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To observe the frequency of histological subtypes of childhood non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma and its immunohistochemical profile.

Setting: All cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma diagnosed in children (<15 years) in the section of histopithology at the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi during the period of three years.

Methods: These consecutive cases were evaluated on H&E stained sections and then immunohistochemistry analysis of these tumors was performed by employing Peroxidase Anti-Peroxidase (PAP) technique.

Results: The present series included 61 cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. NHL was more common in males as compared to females with male to female ratio of 5.8:1. High grade NHL comprised 87% of childhood lymphoma. The mode of presentation in majority of NHL (57%) was extranodal. Burkitt’s lymphonia (33%) …

Frequency Of Malignant Solid Tumors In Children, Sajid Hussain Shah, Shahid Pervez, Sheema H. Hassan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To find out the frequency of malignant solid tumors in children (cTl5 years).

Setting: All cases of pediatric malignant solid tumors which were diagnosed in the section of histopathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi during the period of two years.

Methods: These tumors were initially evaluated on H&E stained sections and special stains were also performed whenever indicated. The undifferentiated tumors were evaluated immunohistochemically by using a panel of antibodies on sections from routinely processed, fornialin fixed, paraffin embedded tissu.e blocks.

Results: Of two hundred and fifty three (253) consecutive cases of paediatric malignant solid tumors, lyinphorna …

Disseminated Bipolaris Infection In An Immunocompetent Host: An Atypical Presentation, J A. Khan, S T. Hussain, S Hasan, P Mcevoy, A Sarwari

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Grandmultiparity On Pregnancy Related Complications: The Aga Khan University Experience, S Munim, M H. Rahbar, M Rizvi, N Mushtaq

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Background: Grandmultiparity has been associated with complications for both mother and the fetus.Objective: To evaluate if grandmultiparity is a risk factor in the presence of adequate antenatal care.
Setting: A tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at The Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi. During this period 9253 women were delivered, out of these 143 booked grandmultiparas (GMP) served as cases. The outcome of these women was compared with 430 non-grandmultiparas (NGMP). Logistic regression model was used to adjust for potential confounders.
Results: Grandmultiparas had almost three times …

Diagnosis And Management Of The Neonatal Cloaca, A Samad, S Hussain, M Arshad, F Moazam

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Chrimcy: A Proposed Institute For Research On Reproduction, Development, And Mother, Child And Youth Health, Harvey Guyda, Robert Armstrong, Ken Milne, Alex Mackenzie, Victor Han, Robert Bortolussi, Elaine Orrbine

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

The establishment of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) is one of the most significant and far-sighted plans to address the health of Canadians. The success of the CIHR will be determined by the degree to which Canada is able to provide focus and the resources to tackle the critical health issues affecting Canadians.

Ultrasonographic Renal Size In Individuals Without Known Renal Disease, Niels-Peter Buchholz, Farhat Abbas, Syed Raziuddin Biyabani, Qaiser Javed, Jamsheer Jehangir Talati, Masood Afzal, Imtiaz Rizvi

Section of Urology

Objective: In order to establish some preliminary data of our population, we determined the ultrasonographic kidney dimensions in individuals withoud known renal disease. We assessed whether age, sex, side, body mass index (BMI) and presence or absence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension affect the renal size.
Methods: Ultrasonographic kidney measurements were performed on 194 adult patients without known kidney lesions. Measurements included length, width, cortical thickness and estimation of renal size which was obtained by multiplying the first three variables. The effect of age, gender, side, height, weight, BNll, hypertension and diabetes mellitus was statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean kidney …

Risk Of Imported Filariasis In Pakistan, M A. Beg

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Dietary Garlic (Allium Sativum) On The Blood Pressure In Humans - A Pilot Study, Waris Qidwai, Riaz Qureshi, Iqba Azam, Syed Najmul Hasan

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To find out whether individuals with blood pressures on the lower side consume more garlic in their diets. A pilot study to make grounds for more elaborate future trials.
Method: A questionnaire was developed in order to estimate the dietary intake of garlic per person per month and to record three blood pressure readings on each individual. It was administered to 101 adult subjects, presenting to the Family Practice Centre of a hospital in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. The various demographic parameters including age, sex, marital status and education were recorded. Those subjects found to be overweight, with …

Perceptions About Female Sexuality Among Young Pakistani Men Presenting To Family Physicians At A Teaching Hospital In Karachi, Waris Qidwai

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To study the perceptions about female sexuality among young Pakistani men, presenting to family physicians at a teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Study Design: A questionnaire based prevalence study.
Setting: Questionnaire administered to 188 young Pakistani men, between the ages 18-30 veai-s, who presented to family physicians, at the outpatient department of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Main Outcome Measures: Perception among Pakistani young men about enjoyment of sexual experiences in women, whether women stop to enjoy sexual experiences during stress, menstruation, pregnancy and after menopause. Whether they are aware about “orgasm” in women and their belief …

The Use Of Intra Aortic Baloon Pump In Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Aamir M. Jafarey, Muneer Amanullah, Sajid A. Khan, Sulaiman B. Hasan

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: To review the experience in the use of Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) in patietits undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) at a tertiary care hospital with a new Open Heart surgery program. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
Patients: Medical records of all patients undergoing CABG between November 1994 and July 1997 were reviewed and those in whom IABP device was used, were included in this study.
Results: A total of 15 patients had IABP suppOrt during the study period. Four surgeries were done urgently while two were emergencies. There were three mortalities. Ejection …

Micronutrient And Iron Supplementation And Effective Anti-Malarial Treatment Synergistically Improve Childhood Anaemia, H. Ekvall, Zul Premji, A. Bjorkman

Pathology, East Africa

The control of childhood anaemia in malaria holoendemic areas is a major public health challenge for which an optimal strategy remains to be determined. Malaria prevention may compromise the development of partial immunity. Regular micronutrient supplementation has been suggested as an alternative but its effectiveness remains unsettled. We therefore conducted a randomised placebo-controlled intervention trial with 207 Tanzanian children aged 5 months to 3 years on the efficacy of supervised supplementation of low-dose micronutrients including iron (Poly Vi-Sol with iron) three times per week, with an average attendance of ≥ 90%. The mean haemoglobin (Hb) level increased by 8 g/l …

Hepatitis C: Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Among Orthopedic Trainee Surgeons In Pakistan, J S. Rana, A R. Khan, A A. Haleem, F N. Khan, A Gul, A R. Sarwari

Section of Gastroenterology

No abstract provided.

Acute Adenolymphangitis Due To Bancroftian Filariasis In Rufiji District, South East Tanzania, D.B. Gasarasi, Zul Premji, P.G.M. Mujinja, R. Mpembeni

Pathology, East Africa

A longitudinal prospective surveillance for acute adenolymphagitis (ADL) was carried out in three villages in Rufiji district. A sample population of 3000 individuals aged 10 years and above was monitored fortnightly for a period of 12 months. The annual incidence of ADL was found to be 33 per 1000 population and was significantly higher in males than females (52.7/1000 and 18.7/1000 respectively). ADL episodes were more frequent in the age group of 40 years and above. Individuals with chronic manifestations seemed to be more vulnerable to ADL attacks with 62.2% of the total episodes occurring in this group. Furthermore, individuals …

Learning Approaches And Academic Performance Of Undergraduate Medical Students In Pakistan, Zoon Naqvi, Rashida Ahmed

Department for Educational Development

Objective: To classify undergraduate medical students according to their learning approaches and to correlate the learning approaches with their academic achievements.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire to appraise learning approaches of undergraduate medical students was administered and collected at the end of the regular certifying examinations. The responses were analysed through the principal component factor analysis.
Results: The results did not depict formation of demonstrable learning approaches during academic years. However, increased self-awareness about the approaches was indicated by the responses of final year students as compared to the third year students. The correlation of the learning approaches with the …

Prognostic Indicators Of Childhood Acute Viral Encephalitis, E Bhutto, M Naim, M Ehtesham, M Rehman, M A. Siddique, I Jehan

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To devise a set of clinical signs and laboratory parameters that would help clinicians assess prognosis in patients and plan appropriate management.Methods: Medical records of 147 paediatric cases (with a discharge diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis) admitted over a ten year period from 1987 to 1997 were reviewed and relevant information collected on a data extraction form.Results: Of 147 patients, 24 (16.3%) died and 48 (32.7%) were left with severe neurological deficits. A GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) score between 6-10 had an association with poor outcome (OR = 2.62, Chi-square = 5.57, p-value = 0.018) and that a GCS …

Gastric Carcinoma With Lymphoid Stroma: Association With Epstein Virus Genome Demonstrated By Pcr, Irshad N. Soomro, Samina Noorali, Syed Abdul Aziz, Suhail Muzaffar, Shahid Pervez, Akbar S. Hussainy, Tariq Moatter

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Self-Reported Feeding Advice By Physicians For Common Childhood Illnesses, S Q. Nizami, Z A. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: A nutritious diet is important for recovery during illnesses. Dietary advice by physicians and consumption of food by the patients are often based upon their hot and cold concepts and beliefs about various foods rather than on scientific basis.
Objectives: To look at the food-advising behaviour of physicians during illnesses and to know the maternal concepts about various foods being hot or cold.
Methods: A questionnaire was served to the physicians participating in a continuous medical education session held at the Aga Khan University and Hospital, asking them to write the foods they advise or restrict during different illnesses …

Evaluation And Management Of Gout, N S. Ali

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Arthritis And Rosai-Dorfman Disease Of The Skin: A Diagnostic Dilemma, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Kamran Hameed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

P53 And Pcna Expression In Benign, Atypical And Malignant Meningiomas, R Ahmed, I N. Soomro, S A. Aziz, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: Alterations: p53 genes are turning out to be the most common genetic alterations in human cancers. Due to long half-life of mutated p53, its detection is possible by immunohistochemistry. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is expressed by dividing cells, hence has been shown to correlate with prognosis. We have used monoclonal antibodies protein DO-7 (p53) and PC10 (PCNA) to see whether their expression correlates with histological grading in meningethelial tumour.
Material and Methods: a Twenty nine meningiomas (20 benign, 7 atypical and 2 malignant) were selected from the records of our laboratory. p53 and PCNA expression was sought by …

Spinal Cord Compression Caused By Metastatic Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma Of The Parotid Gland, I N. Soomro, A S. Hussainy, K Chishti, M H. Pui, S A. Khan, R Ahmed, S H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Postprandial Glucose Response To Mango, Banana And Sapota, Z Contractor, F Hussain, A Jabbar

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

Objective: Mango and Sapota are two fruits indigenous to Indian subcontinent. The objective of this study was to evaluate postprandial blood glucose response to mango and sapota in comparison to banana in patients with diabetes mellitus Type 2.METHOD: The plasma glucose response to mango, sapota and banana were determined in ten diabetic patients. Blood was tested at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes following the ingestion of test meal.Results: The results showed that the blood glucose response to these three fruits was not different in terms of area under the curve and postprandial change in blood glucose from baseline.CONCLUSION: …

Spectrum Of Hodgkin's Disease In Children And Adults: Impact Of Combined Morphologic And Phenotypic Approach For Exclusion Of Look-Alikes, Tanya Siddiqui, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of Hodgkin’s disease (HD) and its various subtypes in children and adults and assess the use of immunohistochemical (IHC) studies in confirming HD cases and excluding its close mimicries/look-alikes.

Material and Methods:

All 265 Hodgkin’s disease cases diagnosed at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi over the last 6 years (July 1991 - July 1997) were included. Of these 219 were diagnosed on routine H&E examination while in the remaining 46 cases, diagnosis was made after a thorough IHC workup. (This group initially included 161 cases labelled as lymphoproliferative disorder with HD as one of …

Dietary Practices And Beliefs Of Patients With Chronic Liver Disease, S H. Badruddin, S M. Jafri, A Ahmed, S Abid

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Objective: To study of the dietary practices and beliefs of patients suffering from chronic liver disease.

Setting: Two private tertcary care hospitals.

Method: Fifty patients presenting to the Gastroenterology Clinics at the Aga Khan University Hospital and Baqai Hospital, with compensated liver disease and no other co-morbid condition which required dietary modifications, were enrolled in the study. Patients were interviewed regarding their current dietary practices using an open-ended questionnaire.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 48 years and the majority were in relatively poor nutritional status. Four had BMI's < 18; 58% had Hb < 12 g/dl and 36% had albumin levels < 3 gm/dl. The percentage of patients avoiding various foods is as follows: meats 72%, fats and oils 64%, salt 42%, spices 34%, milk and milk products 28%, rice 20%.

Conclusion: The most commonly cited reason for avoiding a …