Medical Specialties Commons^™

Child Weight Status: The Role Of Feeding Styles And Highly Motivated Eating In Children, Maria A Papaioannou, Thomas G Power, Teresia M O'Connor, Jennifer O Fisher, Nilda E Micheli, Sheryl O Hughes

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Although parental feeding plays an important role in child eating and weight status, high food motivation among children may also be a factor shaping how feeding impacts child weight. This study explored whether individual differences in preschool children’s food motivation interacted with mothers’ feeding styles in predicting subsequent child weight status. Participants included 129 Hispanic Head Start mother/child dyads. Data were collected at ages 4–5 years (Time 1) and 7–9 (Time 3). Staff measured heights/weights and observed children in an eating in the absence of hunger task. Mothers reported on feeding styles/practices and children’s eating behaviors. A principal components analysis …

Health Disparities Experienced By Hispanic Americans With Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review, Andrea Anampa-Guzmán, Sara Taveras Alam, Inas Abuali, Samer Al Hadidi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Health disparities in multiple myeloma (MM) disproportionately affect minorities. Characterization of health disparities encountered by Hispanic Americans with MM is necessary to identify gaps and inform future strategies to eliminate them. We performed a systematic review of publications that described health disparities relevant to Hispanic Americans with MM through December 2021. We included all original studies which compared incidence, treatment, and/or outcomes of Hispanic Americans with other ethnic groups. Eight hundred and sixty-eight articles were identified of which 22 original study articles were included in our systematic review. The number of publications varied over time with the highest number of …

Potential Chemical Risks From Tattoos And Their Relevance To Military Health Policy In The United States, James D. Blando, Blas A. Guigni

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

We summarize and consolidate disparate sources of information about the practice of tattooing and its potential implications for military population health and policy. Each branch of the United States military has policies about tattoos for service members, but these have varied over time and do not cover health protection. The number of veterans receiving disability payments and the cost of those payments has been rising over time; the broad category of skin conditions accounts for 11% of disability claims. Any additional factor, such as tattoos that may increase the occurrence of adverse skin reactions, can substantially impact veteran benefit expenses …

Five Negative Symptom Domains Are Differentially Associated With Resting State Amplitude Of Low Frequency Fluctuations In Schizophrenia, Eun-Jin Cheon, Alie G Male, Bingchen Gao, Bhim M Adhikari, Jesse T Edmond, Stephanie M Hare, Aysenil Belger, Steven G Potkin, Juan R Bustillo, Daniel H Mathalon, Judith M Ford, Kelvin O Lim, Bryon A Mueller, Adrian Preda, Daniel O'Leary, Gregory P Strauss, Anthony O Ahmed, Paul M Thompson, Neda Jahanshad, Peter Kochunov, Vince D Calhoun, Jessica A Turner, Theo G M Van Erp

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study examined associations between resting-state amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and negative symptoms represented by total scores, second-order dimension (motivation and pleasure, expressivity), and first-order domain (anhedonia, avolition, asociality, alogia, blunted affect) factor scores in schizophrenia (n = 57). Total negative symptom scores showed positive associations with ALFF in temporal and frontal brain regions. Negative symptom domain scores showed predominantly stronger associations with regional ALFF compared to total scores, suggesting domain scores may better map to neural signatures than total scores. Improving our understanding of the neuropathology underlying negative symptoms may aid in addressing this unmet therapeutic need …

Temporal Stability Of The Hemodynamic Response Function Across The Majority Of Human Cerebral Cortex, Haitham Salem, Tung Huynh, Natasha Topolski, Benson Mwangi, Madhukar H Trivedi, Jair C Soares, A John Rush, Sudhakar Selvaraj

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is currently being used to facilitate early disease detection, better understand disease progression, optimize medication/treatment dosages, and uncover promising novel treatments and potential outcomes.

METHODS: Utilizing the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) dataset, we built a machine learning model to predict depression remission rates using same clinical data as features for each of the first three antidepressant treatment steps in STAR*D. We only used early treatment data (baseline and first follow up) in each STAR*D step to temporally analyze predictive features of remission at the end of the step.

RESULTS: Our model showed significant prediction …

Gender-Associated Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles And Health Behaviors In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (Jade) Program, Lee-Ling Lim, Eric S H Lau, Alice P S Kong, Amy W C Fu, Vanessa Lau, Weiping Jia, Wayne H H Sheu, Leorino Sobrepena, K H Yoon, Alexander T B Tan, Yook-Chin Chia, Aravind Sosale, Banshi D Saboo, Jothydev Kesavadev, Su-Yen Goh, Thy Khue Nguyen, Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, Raymond Suwita, Ronald C W Ma, Elaine Y K Chow, Andrea O Y Luk, Juliana C N Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background

In Asia, diabetes-associated death due to cardiorenal diseases were 2–3 times higher in women than men which might be due to gender disparity in quality of care and health habits.

Methods

Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from 11 Asian countries/areas were assessed using the same protocol (2007–2015). We compared treatment target attainment (HbA_1c < 7%, blood pressure [BP] < 130/80 mmHg, risk-based LDL-cholesterol, lack of central obesity [waist circumference <90 cm in men or <80 cm in women), use of cardiorenal-protective drugs (renin-angiotensin system [RAS] inhibitors, statins), and self-reported health habits including self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) by gender. Analyses were stratified by countries/areas, age of natural menopause (<50 vs. ≥50 years), and comorbidities (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [ASCVD], heart failure, kidney impairment [eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²]).

Findings

Among 106,376 patients (53.2% men; median (interquartile range) diabetes duration: 6.0 (2.0–12.0) years; mean ± SD HbA_1c 8.0 ± 1.9%; 27% insulin-treated), women were older and …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Acute Care Utilization Among Patients With Glomerular Disease, Jill R Krissberg, Michelle M O'Shaughnessy, Abigail R Smith, Margaret E Helmuth, Salem Almaani, Diego H Aviles, Kaye E Brathwaite, Yi Cai, Daniel Cattran, Rasheed Gbadegesin, Dorey A Glenn, Larry A Greenbaum, Sandra Iragorri, Koyal Jain, Myda Khalid, Jason Kidd, Jeffrey Kopp, Richard Lafayette, Jerome C Lane, Francesca Lugani, Jordan G Nestor, Rulan S Parekh, Kimberly Reidy, David T Selewski, Christine B Sethna, C John Sperati, Katherine Tuttle, Katherine Twombley, Tetyana L Vasylyeva, Donald J Weaver, Scott E Wenderfer, Keisha Gibson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: The effects of race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and disease severity on acute care utilization in patients with glomerular disease are unknown.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 1,456 adults and 768 children with biopsy-proven glomerular disease enrolled in the Cure Glomerulonephropathy (CureGN) cohort.

EXPOSURE: Race and ethnicity as a participant-reported social factor.

OUTCOME: Acute care utilization defined as hospitalizations or emergency department visits.

ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Multivariable recurrent event proportional rate models were used to estimate associations between race and ethnicity and acute care utilization.

RESULTS: Black or Hispanic participants had lower SES and more …

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Samuel D Spencer, Jordan T Stiede, Andrew D Wiese, Wayne K Goodman, Andrew G Guzick, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of debilitating obsessions and compulsions. Cognitive and behavioral models of OCD provide a strong theoretic and empirical foundation for informing effective psychotherapeutic treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for OCD, which includes a deliberate emphasis on exposure and response/ritual prevention, has consistently demonstrated robust efficacy for the treatment of pediatric and adult OCD and is the front-line psychotherapeutic treatment for OCD. Two case vignettes describing CBT for OCD in practice as well as recommendations for clinicians are provided.

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting At Safety-Net Versus Non-Safety-Net Hospitals, William C Frankel, Christopher B Sylvester, Sainath Asokan, Christopher T Ryan, Rodrigo Zea-Vera, Qianzi Zhang, Matthew J Wall, Sandeep Markan, Joseph S Coselli, Todd K Rosengart, Subhasis Chatterjee, Ravi K Ghanta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: Safety-net hospitals (SNHs) provide essential services to predominantly underserved patients regardless of their ability to pay. We hypothesized that patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) would have inferior observed outcomes at SNHs compared with non-SNHs but that matched cohorts would have comparable outcomes.

METHODS: We queried the Nationwide Readmissions Database for patients who underwent isolated CABG from 2016 to 2018. We ranked hospitals by the percentage of all admissions in which the patient was uninsured or insured with Medicaid; hospitals in the top quartile were designated as SNHs. We used propensity-score matching to mitigate the effect of …

Trends In Up-To-Date Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Us Adults Aged 50-75 Years And Variations By Race/Ethnicity And Us Census Bureau Divisions, Itunu O Sokale, Omar Rosales, Jane R Montealegre, Abiodun O Oluyomi, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Mortality rates from colorectal cancer have declined over the past decades owing to population-based life-saving screening interventions. However, screening inequalities continue among racial and ethnic minorities despite having a higher disease burden. In this study, we assessed the patterns of up-to-date colorectal cancer screening rates among racial/ethnic groups across the U.S. Census Bureau Divisions.

METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional study used weighted data from 4 cycles of the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020) of adults aged 50‒75 years without a previous diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The primary outcome was guideline-recommended up-to-date colorectal cancer screening. We …

Clinical Characteristics, Impairment, And Psychiatric Morbidity In 102 Youth With Misophonia, Andrew G Guzick, Matti Cervin, Eleanor E A Smith, Jane Clinger, Isabel Draper, Wayne K Goodman, Marijn Lijffijt, Nicholas Murphy, Adam B Lewin, Sophie C Schneider, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: There is little information on the clinical presentation, functional impact, and psychiatric characteristics of misophonia in youth, an increasingly recognized syndrome characterized by high emotional reactivity to certain sounds and associated visual stimuli.

METHOD: One-hundred-two youth (8-17 years-old) with misophonia and their parents were recruited and compared with 94 youth with anxiety disorders. Participants completed validated assessments of misophonia severity, quality of life, as well as psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses.

RESULTS: The most common misophonia triggers included eating (96 %), breathing (84 %), throat sounds (66 %), and tapping (54 %). Annoyance/irritation, verbal aggression, avoidance behavior, and family impact …

Volume Of Subcortical Brain Regions In Social Anxiety Disorder: Mega-Analytic Results From 37 Samples In The Enigma-Anxiety Working Group, Nynke A Groenewold, Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam, Alyssa R Amod, Max A Laansma, Laura S Van Velzen, Moji Aghajani, Kevin Hilbert, Hyuntaek Oh, Ramiro Salas, Andrea P Jackowski, Pedro M Pan, Giovanni A Salum, James R Blair, Karina S Blair, Joy Hirsch, Spiro P Pantazatos, Franklin R Schneier, Ardesheer Talati, Karin Roelofs, Inge Volman, Laura Blanco-Hinojo, Narcís Cardoner, Jesus Pujol, Katja Beesdo-Baum, Christopher R K Ching, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Andreas Jansen, Tilo Kircher, Axel Krug, Igor Nenadić, Frederike Stein, Udo Dannlowski, Dominik Grotegerd, Hannah Lemke, Susanne Meinert, Alexandra Winter, Michael Erb, Benjamin Kreifelts, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui, Fei Zhu, Benson Mwangi, Jair C Soares, Mon-Ju Wu, Ali Bayram, Mesut Canli, Raşit Tükel, P Michiel Westenberg, Alexandre Heeren, Henk R Cremers, David Hofmann, Thomas Straube, Alexander G G Doruyter, Christine Lochner, Jutta Peterburs, Marie-José Van Tol, Raquel E Gur, Antonia N Kaczkurkin, Bart Larsen, Theodore D Satterthwaite, Courtney A Filippi, Andrea L Gold, Anita Harrewijn, André Zugman, Robin Bülow, Hans J Grabe, Henry Völzke, Katharina Wittfeld, Joscha Böhnlein, Katharina Dohm, Harald Kugel, Elisabeth Schrammen, Peter Zwanzger, Elisabeth J Leehr, Lisa Sindermann, Tali M Ball, Gregory A Fonzo, Martin P Paulus, Alan Simmons, Murray B Stein, Heide Klumpp, K Luan Phan, Tomas Furmark, Kristoffer N T Månsson, Amirhossein Manzouri, Suzanne N Avery, Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Jacqueline A Clauss, Brandee Feola, Jennifer C Harper, Chad M Sylvester, Ulrike Lueken, Dick J Veltman, Anderson M Winkler, Neda Jahanshad, Daniel S Pine, Paul M Thompson, Dan J Stein, Nic J A Van Der Wee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There is limited convergence in neuroimaging investigations into volumes of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The inconsistent findings may arise from variations in methodological approaches across studies, including sample selection based on age and clinical characteristics. The ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group initiated a global mega-analysis to determine whether differences in subcortical volumes can be detected in adults and adolescents with SAD relative to healthy controls. Volumetric data from 37 international samples with 1115 SAD patients and 2775 controls were obtained from ENIGMA-standardized protocols for image segmentation and quality assurance. Linear mixed-effects analyses were adjusted for comparisons across seven …

Recent Advances In Psychopharmacology: From Bench To Bedside Novel Trends In Schizophrenia, Asim A Shah, Syed Z Iqbal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Research in the field of psychopharmacology is ongoing to develop novel compounds which can revolutionize the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The concept of bench-to-bedside is a tedious process, transforming the initial research performed in the laboratories into novel treatment options. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic psychiatric illness with significant morbidity and mortality. SCZ not only presents with psychotic symptoms including hallucinations and delusions but also with negative and cognitive symptoms. The negative symptoms include the diminished ability to express emotions, loss of pleasure, and motivation with minimal social interactions. Conventional antipsychotics primarily target positive symptoms with minimal therapeutic benefits for …

Family Caregivers Of Older Adults With Physical Disabilities In Rural Thailand, Denis Tuttle, Jiranan Griffiths, Anuchart Kaunnil

The Qualitative Report

Thailand is one of many countries experiencing changes in the demographics of its population. People are living longer and having fewer children resulting in an increasing percentage of older adults in the general population. This presents a challenge in providing care for older adults, especially in countries where there is a culture of family caregiving. This study aims to investigate the experience of family caregivers, exploring the problems of caring for older people with physical disabilities and the needs of family caregivers. This is done to better understand ways to support caregivers. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, 15 family caregivers …

The Current State Of Underrepresented Osteopathic Minorities In Competitive Specialties, Emmanuel Oyalabu, Steve Guzman, Dashon Eure, Ezenna Obilor

Annual Research Symposium

It is well documented that barriers exist for underrepresented minorities to enter the field of medicine and even more competitive residencies. As defined by the NRMP, competitive specialties include but are not limited to Interventional Radiology, Orthopedic Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Radiation Oncology, Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Dermatology, and Otornylogy (NRMP-AMA). A large number of osteopathic medical school graduates have a history of going into primary care specialties because many osteopathic medical schools have a primary care focus (Primary Care- Osteopathic Medicine). The emphasis on primary care, whether intentional or not, can foster a less-than-advantageous environment for underrepresented minority students (URM), pursuing …

Repurposing Atovaquone As A Therapeutic Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Aml): Combination With Conventional Chemotherapy Is Feasible And Well Tolerated, Alexandra Mclean Stevens, Eric S Schafer, Minhua Li, Maci Terrell, Raushan Rashid, Hana Paek, Melanie B Bernhardt, Allison Weisnicht, Wesley T Smith, Noah J Keogh, Michelle C Alozie, Hailey H Oviedo, Alan K Gonzalez, Tamilini Ilangovan, Alicia Mangubat-Medina, Haopei Wang, Eunji Jo, Cara A Rabik, Claire Bocchini, Susan Hilsenbeck, Zachary T Ball, Todd M Cooper, Michele S Redell

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Survival of pediatric AML remains poor despite maximized myelosuppressive therapy. The pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP)-treating medication atovaquone (AQ) suppresses oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and reduces AML burden in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models, making it an ideal concomitant AML therapy. Poor palatability and limited product formulations have historically limited routine use of AQ in pediatric AML patients. Patients with de novo AML were enrolled at two hospitals. Daily AQ at established PJP dosing was combined with standard AML therapy, based on the Medical Research Council backbone. AQ compliance, adverse events (AEs), ease of administration score (scale: 1 (very difficult)-5 (very easy)) …

Decision-Making Under Risk And Theory Of Mind In Adolescent Offenders In Provisional Deprivation Of Liberty, Rubens José Loureiro, Flavio Takemi Kataoka, Thiago Wendt Viola, Gisele Iesbich Vargas, Breno Sanvicente-Vieira, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira, Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Delinquent behaviors are risky behaviors that increase during puberty and reach their highest peak in late adolescence. It has been proposed that poor decision-making and theory of mind (ToM) are key cognitive processes implicated with delinquency during adolescence, affecting evaluation of risks and impairing appreciation of social norms. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear whether adolescent offenders who are subjected to provisional deprivation of liberty due to conflict with the law (adolescents in conflict with the law [ACL]) might, in fact, present a specific profile with regard to these cognitive processes.

OBJECTIVES: To assess deliberative decision-making and ToM among …

The Use Of Characteristics And Indicators Of Body Construction As Predictors In The Identification Of The Angle Values Of The Physiological Curves Of The Spine In Sequential Objective Testing - Mathematical Models, Jacek Tuz, Adam Maszczyk, Anna Zwierzchowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The physiological curvatures of the spine in the sagittal plane are constantly evolving along with changes in the structure and proportions of the body and physical activity. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the strength of the influence of body features and indices on the values of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis angles with the use of a mathematical model. In the years 2006–2016, 1,314 female students aged ( ± SD 19.7 ± 0.4) (min.–max. 18.1–22.5) were examined.

Materials and Methods. The following measurements were made: body mass (BM), body height (BH), waist circumference (WC), …

Evaluating Implementation And Barriers To Sustainability Of An Asthma Clinical Quality Improvement Project, Holly Uphold Phd, Ms, Diane Liu Md, Faap

Journal of Nursing & Interprofessional Leadership in Quality & Safety

Purpose and Objectives

Asthma is an important public health issue in Utah and quality asthma care is essential to addressing the burden of asthma. The purpose of this initiative was to evaluate clinical asthma quality improvement (QI) program delivery formats and identify barriers to sustaining QI processes.

Intervention Approach

The focus of the intervention was to improve clinical asthma care through reducing variation in clinician knowledge about recommended asthma care and facilitating process improvements in asthma care delivery using Academic Detailing (AD) and Learning Collaboratives (LC) QI delivery formats.

Evaluation Methods

A pre/post-test design was used to compare improvements between …

Breast Cancer Knowledge Among Students At A State Comprehensive University, Calvin Odhiambo, Shimia Hunter

Teacher-Scholar: The Journal of the State Comprehensive University

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second-leading cause of death among women in the United States. While lack of knowledge about breast cancer is a key factor in breast cancer mortality, little is known about breast cancer knowledge among women and men under the age of 30. The goal of the current study was to investigate the knowledge and awareness of breast cancer among female and male undergraduate students at a State Comprehensive University in the Southeastern United States.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 265 male and female undergraduate …

Functional Connectivity Signatures Of Nmdar Dysfunction In Schizophrenia—Integrating Findings From Imaging Genetics And Pharmaco-Fmri, Arnim J Gaebler, Nilüfer Fakour, Felix Stöhr, Jana Zweerings, Arezoo Taebi, Mariia Suslova, Juergen Dukart, Joerg F Hipp, Bhim M Adhikari, Peter Kochunov, Suresh D Muthukumaraswamy, Anna Forsyth, Thomas Eggermann, Florian Kraft, Ingo Kurth, Michael Paulzen, Gerhard Gründer, Frank Schneider, Klaus Mathiak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Both, pharmacological and genome-wide association studies suggest N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction and excitatory/inhibitory (E/I)-imbalance as a major pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia. The identification of shared fMRI brain signatures of genetically and pharmacologically induced NMDAR dysfunction may help to define biomarkers for patient stratification. NMDAR-related genetic and pharmacological effects on functional connectivity were investigated by integrating three different datasets: (A) resting state fMRI data from 146 patients with schizophrenia genotyped for the disease-associated genetic variant rs7191183 of GRIN2A (encoding the NMDAR 2 A subunit) as well as 142 healthy controls. (B) Pharmacological effects of the NMDAR antagonist ketamine and the GABA-A …

Using Artificial Intelligence To Improve Pain Assessment And Pain Management: A Scoping Review, Meina Zhang, Linzee Zhu, Shih-Yin Lin, Keela Herr, Chih-Lin Chi, Ibrahim Demir, Karen Dunn Lopez, Nai-Ching Chi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

CONTEXT: Over 20% of US adults report they experience pain on most days or every day. Uncontrolled pain has led to increased healthcare utilization, hospitalization, emergency visits, and financial burden. Recognizing, assessing, understanding, and treating pain using artificial intelligence (AI) approaches may improve patient outcomes and healthcare resource utilization. A comprehensive synthesis of the current use and outcomes of AI-based interventions focused on pain assessment and management will guide the development of future research.

OBJECTIVES: This review aims to investigate the state of the research on AI-based interventions designed to improve pain assessment and management for adult patients. We also …

A Human Stem Cell-Derived Neuronal Model Of Morphine Exposure Reflects Brain Dysregulation In Opioid Use Disorder: Transcriptomic And Epigenetic Characterization Of Postmortem-Derived Ipsc Neurons, Emily F Mendez, Sandra L Grimm, Laura Stertz, Damian Gorski, Sai V Movva, Katherine Najera, Karla Moriel, Thomas D Meyer, Gabriel R Fries, Cristian Coarfa, Consuelo Walss-Bass

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Human-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of brain promise to advance our understanding of neurotoxic consequences of drug use. However, how well these models recapitulate the actual genomic landscape and cell function, as well as the drug-induced alterations, remains to be established. New

METHODS: We engineered a novel induced pluripotent stem cell-derived model of neural progenitor cells and neurons from cultured postmortem human skin fibroblasts, and directly compared these to isogenic brain tissue from the donor source. We assessed the maturity of the cell models across differentiation from stem cells to neurons using RNA cell type and maturity …

Protocol: New York State Race, Ethnicity, And Insurance Disparities In Follow-Up Prostate Cancer Screening, Seth Greenspan, Mansi Chandra, Hyun Woo Joo, Netanel Sapir, Jonathan Gorman, Jie Yang, Xiaoning Li, Barghav Cavale, Allegra Fierro, Annie Laurie Laurie Shroyer, John P. Fitzgerald

Department of Urology Faculty Publications

Using de-identified reports from the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) data, this descriptive study will identify the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) metrics on the follow-up prostate cancer screening care within 3 years of index prostate cancer screening test in NYS. The socioeconomic status metrics will be subclassified into race, insurance, and ethnicity and each of these sub-components will be evaluated for its impact on the follow-up cancer screening care. The exclusion criteria for this study includes patients records with unknown age, age <55 or >75, previous history of prostate cancer or radical prostatectomy, previous prostate biopsy, female sex, lives …

Anxiety And Stress Among Healthcare Professionals During Covid-19 In Ethiopia: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study intended to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia.

DESIGN: This study applied a design of systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

DATA SOURCES: ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND OUTCOMES: Observational studies examining anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia following COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of anxiety and stress and the secondary outcomes were factors associated to the prevalence of anxiety and stress.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two authors extracted the data and performed quality assessment independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to …

Socioecological Factors Linked With Pharmaceutical Incentive-Driven Prescribing In Pakistan, Muhammad Naveed Noor, Afifah Rahman-Shepherd, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Wafa Aftab, Sadia Shakoor, Rumina Hasan, Mishal Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Pharmaceutical marketing through financial incentivisation to general practitioners (GPs) is a poorly studied health system problem in Pakistan. Pharmaceutical incentivisation is seen to be distorting GPs prescribing behaviour that can compromise the health and well-being of patients. We draw on a conceptual framework outlined in the ecological system theory to identify multiple factors linked with pharmaceutical incentivisation to GPs in Pakistan. We conducted qualitative interviews with 28 policy actors to seek their views on the health system dynamics, how they sustain pharmaceutical incentivisation and their effect on the quality of care. Our analysis revealed four interlinked factors operating at different …

Development Of The Taekwondo Performance Protocol To Assess Technical Speed And Quickness, Cengiz Ölmez, Selami Yüksek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop the Taekwondo Performance Protocol (TPP), with which taekwondo-specific speed and quickness performance can be measured. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with the participation of 79 active athletes that were at least at 1st gup level (red – black belt). At the development stage of the TPP, reliability calculations were made using the test-retest method. During the examination of the validity of TPP, Illinois agility, 20-meter sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) performances and the correlations between them were examined. In addition, TPP's effectiveness in distinguishing athletes of different …

Age And Racial Disparities In The Utilization Of Anticancer, Antihypertension, And Anti-Diabetes Therapies, And In Mortality In A Large Population-Based Cohort Of Older Women With Breast Cancer, Xianglin L Du, Lulu Song

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the receipt of therapies for cancer, hypertension, and diabetes in association with age and racial disparities in mortality among women with breast cancer.

METHODS: This study identified 92,829 women diagnosed with breast cancer at age ≥ 65 years in 2007-2015 with follow-up to 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database.

RESULTS: There were substantial age and racial disparities in the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, which was higher in women ≥ 75 (86.3% and 32.0%) than younger women 65-74 (72.8% and 29.3%), and the highest in Black women (91.1% and 49.1%), followed …

Disparities In The Use Of Assisted Reproductive Technologies After Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study, Clare Meernik, Kirsten Jorgensen, Chi-Fang Wu, Caitlin C Murphy, Valerie L Baker, Paula C Brady, Roni Nitecki, Hazel B Nichols, J Alejandro Rauh-Hain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Equitable access to oncofertility services is a key component of cancer survivorship care, but factors affecting access and use remain understudied.

METHODS: to describe disparities in assisted reproductive technology (ART) use among women with breast cancer in California, we conducted a population-based cohort study using linked oncology, ART, and demographic data. We identified women age 18-45 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2000 and 2015. The primary outcome was ART use-including oocyte/embryo cryopreservation or embryo transfer-after cancer diagnosis. We used log-binomial regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to identify factors associated with ART …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Survival, Timothy A Zaki, Peter S Liang, Folasade P May, Caitlin C Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Young adults diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) comprise a growing, yet understudied, patient population. We estimated 5-year relative survival of early-onset CRC and examined disparities in survival by race-ethnicity in a population-based sample.

METHODS: We used the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of cancer registries to identify patients diagnosed with early-onset CRC (20-49 years of age) between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2013. For each racial-ethnic group, we estimated 5-year relative survival, overall and by sex, tumor site, and stage at diagnosis. to illustrate temporal trends, we compared 5-year relative survival in 1992-2002 vs …