Medical Specialties Commons^™

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Mental And Substance Use Problems Among Adults In Kenya: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Patrick Nzivo Mwangala, Anita Kerubo, Millicent Makandi, Rachel Odhiambo, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Data on the burden and determinants of mental and substance use problems among women in urban and rural informal settlements in Kenya is sparse, thus limiting preventive and treatment efforts in these areas. To bridge the gap, we (a) determined the prevalence of depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and alcohol and drug use problems among women compared to their spouses and (b) examined the correlates of these outcomes. Data collection for this cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 in Mombasa, Kwale and Nairobi counties in Kenya. A total of 1528 adults (1048 women) took part. The 9-Item …

Insights On Human Papillomavirus Among Medical Students And Professionals, Fathima Thansiha, Amogha Shree, Rashmi S

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: As per World Health Organization, in 2022, 660000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and 350000 women died from the disease. Sexual behaviour is the major risk factor and exposure to Human Papillomavirus has been established as a causative agent in 70-80% of the cases for development of cervical cancer. Most infections with HPV resolve spontaneously and cause no symptoms, persistent infection can cause cervical cancer in women. Effective primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary prevention approaches (screening and treating precancerous lesions) will prevent most cervical cancer cases. Thus, study was conducted with the objective of assessing the knowledge …

Mechanisms Of Interventions Targeting Modifiable Factors For Dementia Risk Reduction, Anna Matton, Ruth Stephen, Makrina Daniilidou, Mariagnese Barbera, Vilma Alanko, Marcel Ballin, Jamie Ford, Katri Hemiö, Jenni Lehtisalo, Chinedu Momoh

Brain and Mind Institute

The global prevalence of dementia is increasing. With no widely available and accessible treatments to halt or reverse the progression of dementia, exploring preventative strategies is critical. Lifestyle-based interventions show promise in preventing or delaying dementia onset. However, understanding the complex and multifactorial mechanisms underlying dementia, and how interventions target these pathways, is essential for developing personalized and effective strategies. In this review, we examined the current evidence of the mediating pathways in dementia risk reduction. We focused on mechanisms investigated in single-domain interventions on physical exercise, cognitive training, diet, metabolic/cardiovascular or psycho-social risk factors in line with those combined …

Small And Sick Newborn Care: Changes In Service Readiness Scoring Between Baseline And 2023 For 65 Neonatal Units Implementing With Nest360 In Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, And Tanzania, Rebecca E. Penzias, Morris Ondieki Ogero, Robert Tillya, Irabi Kassim, Olabisi Dosunmu, Opeyemi Odedere, Hannah Mwaniki, Vincent Ochieng, Dolphine Mochache, William Macharia

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Health Facility Assessments (HFAs) are important for measuring and tracking service readiness for small and sick newborn care (SSNC). NEST360 Alliance aims to reduce neonatal mortality in four countries (Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania). NEST360 and UNICEF facilitated HFA tool design with ministries of health in four African countries and developed two complimentary approaches to summarize readiness. Using the NEST360/UNICEF HFA tool, we collected data, developed two service readiness scoring approaches for SSNC (standards-based scoring by adapted World Health Organization (WHO) health system building blocks (HSBBs) and assessing service readiness across the health system, and level-2+ scoring by WHO clinical interventions), …

Supplementation With Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Food Has No Effect On Adverse Outcomes Among Undernourished Children Aged 6–59 Months With Severe Pneumonia, Damalie Nalwanga, Elisa Giallongo, Victor Musiime, Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Florence Alaroker, Robert Opoka, Abner Tagoola, Mainga Hamaluba, Christabel Mogaka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objectives: To investigate the effect of supplementation with ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) on adverse outcomes among undernourished children aged 6–59 months with severe pneumonia.

Methods: This secondary analysis of the COAST-Nutrition (ISRCTN10829073) included children hospitalized for severe pneumonia in Uganda and Kenya. Undernutrition was defined as having either a weight-for-age z score, height-for-age z score, or weight-for-height/length z score below the median of the WHO reference population (< 0) or mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) below 13.5 cm. Participants were randomized to receive 1 sachet of RUTF daily for 8 weeks in addition to the usual diet (intervention) or usual diet alone (control). The primary composite outcome for adverse events was any one of mortality, re-admission, or deterioration of nutritional status by day 90 of follow-up.

Results: Of 846 main trial participants, 741 (88%) met the inclusion criteria (intervention: 374 versus control: 367). Of 687 (93%) participants in whom the primary outcome was assessed, 370 …

Down Syndrome In Africa: Challenges, Opportunities, And Future Directions, Eimear Mcglinchey, Salina Tewolde, Amanda He, Juan Fortea, Lingani Mbakile-Mahlanza, Ayda Tefera, Emmanuel Epenge, Jason Hassenstab, Rachel Maina, Zul Merali

Brain and Mind Institute

INTRODUCTION: As life expectancy improves for people with Down syndrome (DS) in Africa, the risk of developing DS-associated Alzheimer’s disease (DSAD) will rise. There is a pressing need to plan for this emerging challenge, particularly in the context of existing health and social disparities.

METHODS: This work emerged from a pan-African collaboration, including discussions at the Brain Ageing and Dementia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries conference held in Nairobi in 2024, where stakeholders identified regional priorities for DS and dementia care.

RESULTS: Limited epidemiological, cognitive, biomarker data, delayed diagnoses, and gaps in specialized services may impact access …

Assessment Of Emergency Medicine Residents' Situational Awareness And Perception Of Patient Safety Culture In The Emergency Department, Adriana Olson, Nathan Olson, Nicholas Hartman, Casey Morrone, Morgan Battaglia, Kamna Balhara

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Situational awareness (SA) and positive safety climate are crucial to patient safety. Little is known about emergency medicine (EM) trainees' SA and perception of emergency department (ED) safety climate, and the interactions of those factors with safety-related behaviors.

OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to evaluate EM residents' perceptions of ED safety climate, self-reported SA, and comfort with identifying, rectifying, and reporting safety hazards.

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study at two EM residencies, residents completed the Situational Awareness Rating Technique (SART) after ED-based or simulated resuscitations as well as a survey regarding safety climate and comfort with identifying, rectifying, and reporting …

Quality Of Life And Patient Experience In Black Women With Alopecia, Annyella Douglas, Jayson Suriano, Neda Nikbakht

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Is Less More? Maximizing Outcomes By Tailoring Treatments To Patients: Oncofertility And Oncomenopause, Janice S Kwon, Marie Plante, Martha Hickey, Annabelle Huguenin, Sarah Hmaidan, Terri Lynn Woodard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Notable advances have been made in improving survival outcomes in various cancers, but some have incurred undesirable costs and effects to patients with respect to fertility and menopause. Patients are living longer with cancer, and patient reported outcomes are influencing decision-making by individuals and their health care providers. It is essential to evaluate existing standards of care on an ongoing basis and prioritize quality of life and long-term survivorship, particularly for interventions in early-stage cancers and risk-reducing strategies that often yield long-term life expectancy.

The Need To Integrate Mental Health Treatment Into The Care Of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser, Teni Davoudian, Emily Hills

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This mini review examines the psychological burdens of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) and encourages collaborations between medical and mental health providers who treat this condition. The psychological comorbidities of MRKH emerge in adolescence and persist into adulthood. For several years, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and researchers in this field have called for the provision of psychological counseling for individuals with MRKH. However, referrals to qualified mental health professionals remain sparse leaving many to confront the emotional complexities of MRKH with little to no support.

Ophthalmology Examinations In Children With Skull Fractures And Underlying Focal Hemorrhage, Karli Breeden, Cindy W Christian, Joanne N Wood, Gil Binenbaum, Daniel M Lindberg, Angela Bachim, Colleen J Bressler, Lori Frasier, Terra Frazier, Nicole R Johnson, Natalie Laub, Megan M Letson, Tagrid Ruiz-Maldonado, Matthew Valente, Jenna Kiely, Jan Leonard, M Katherine Henry

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: To assess the frequency and yield of retinal examination in children below 2 years old undergoing abuse evaluations in the setting of skull fracture(s) and small underlying intracranial hemorrhage.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used CAPNET, a multicenter child physical abuse network, to identify children below 2 years with a skull fracture(s) and intracranial injury limited to an underlying small focal intracranial hemorrhage undergoing subspeciality child abuse evaluations. Our outcomes of interest were (1) the performance of a retinal examination, (2) the identification of retinal hemorrhages, and (3) associations of clinical factors and CAPNET site with the performance of retinal …

Aged Regulatory T Cells Fail To Control Autoimmune Lacrimal Gland Pathogenic Cd4+ T Cells, Kaitlin K Scholand, Laura Schaefer, Gowthaman Govindarajan, Zhiyuan Yu, Jeremias G Galletti, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CD25KO mice are a model of Sjögren disease. CD25KO mice have severe inflammation and infiltrating lymphocytes to the lacrimal glands (LG). Whether the pathogenicity of CD25KO CD4+ T cells can be controlled in vivo by Tregs is unknown. Eight-week-old B6 and CD25KO mice LGs were submitted for RNA bulk sequencing. A total of 3481 genes were differentially expressed in CD25KO LG compared to B6. Tear washing analysis identified CD25KO mice had elevated protein levels of TNF, IFN-γ, and CCL5 and decreased protein levels of IL-12p40 and VEGF-A. Co-adoptive transfer of CD25KO CD4+ T cells with either young or aged B6 …

Fine-Scale Population Structure Of Japanese Helicobacter Pylori Provides New Anthropological And Epidemiological Insights, Kohei Tomonari, Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan, Ricky Indra Alfaray, Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Osamu Matsunari, Daisuke Chinda, Tadashi Shimoyama, Phawinee Subsomwong, Nagisa Kinjo, Tetsu Kinjo, Yasuo Hanamure, Masato Shinzato, Rumiko Suzuki, Fukunori Kinjo, Shigeru Takigami, Toshio Fujioka, Takeshi Matsuhisa, Junko Akada, Takashi Matsumoto, Yoshio Yamaoka

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Helicobacter pylori is considered to contribute to gastric cancer and is also used as a marker to trace human migration due to its co-evolution with humans. To understand the recently proposed tripartite model suggesting three ancestral origins for the Japanese population and address the enigma of the high incidence of gastric cancer in Northeast Hondo (Hondo is mainland Japan), we conducted a fine-scale population structure analysis using a large Japanese H. pylori dataset, including 438 strains from 9 regions based on whole-genome sequences. As a result of fineSTRUCTURE analysis, it was found that H. pylori in Northeast Hondo is genetically …

Performance Of Stool-Based Molecular Tests And Processing Methods For Paediatric Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Lucía Carratalà-Castro, Shilzia Munguambe, Belén Saavedra-Cervera, Petra De Haas, Alexander Kay, Olivier Marcy, Pamela Nabeta, Willy Ssengooba, Elisabetta Ghimenton-Walters, Sozinho Acácio, Maryline Bonnet, Joanna Ehrlich, Andrew R Dinardo, Anca Vasiliu, Christoph Lange, Sabine Hermans, Anna M Mandalakas, Elisa López-Varela, Alberto L García-Basteiro

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There has been a global pursuit to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis in young children by applying diagnostic methods on accessible biospecimens such as stool. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on the accuracy of stool-based molecular tests for tuberculosis diagnosis in children and to assess the impact of the available pre-processing methods and other design characteristics.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated studies in children younger than 16 years with presumptive tuberculosis that were published in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese from Jan 1, 2000, to May 3, 2024, in MEDLINE, Embase, and Embase …

Corrigendum To "Effects Of Dialysate Potassium Concentration Of 30 Mmol/L With Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate On Dialysis-Free Days Versus Dialysate Potassium Concentration Of 20 Mmol/L Alone On Rates Of Cardiac Arrhythmias In Hemodialysis Patients With Hyperkalemia" Kidney International 2025;107:169-179, David M Charytan, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Christopher B Granger, John P Middleton, Charles A Herzog, Glenn M Chertow, James M Eudicone, Jeremy D Whitson, James A Tumlin, Adapt Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Protein Biomarkers Of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities In Relatives Of Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis, Jonathan A Rose, Mark P Steele, Esteban J Kosak Lopez, Gisli Thor Axelsson, Andrea G Galecio Chao, Alan Waich, Katie Regan, Swati Gulati, Anthony H Maeda, Sharmin Sultana, Claire Cutting, Ann-Marcia C Tukpah, Andrew J Synn, Mary B Rice, Hilary J Goldberg, Joyce S Lee, David A Lynch, Rachel K Putman, Hiroto Hatabu, Benjamin A Raby, David A Schwartz, Ivan O Rosas, Gary M Hunninghake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale: First-degree relatives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis (referred to here as relatives) are at high risk for interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA), highlighting the need for biomarkers for risk prediction. We aimed to identify blood proteins associated with and predictive of ILA among relatives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: Relatives enrolled in two independent cohorts had protein levels measured using an aptamer-based proteomic platform. ILA were assessed with computed tomography scans as per Fleischner Society recommendations. Protein associations with ILA were assessed using regression. Significant proteins were used with clinical variables to detect ILA.

Results: Of 237 relatives from …

Targeting S1pr2 In Sepsis, One Fragmented Mitochondrion At A Time, Chao He, Jennifer L Larson-Casey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Airway Immune Signatures In Severe And Fatal Infection With Covid-19, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Jing Jing Qi, Slim Fourati, Farrah Kheradmand, Charles R Langelier, Lauren I R Ehrlich, Joann Diray-Arce, Annmarie Hoch, Monica Kraft, Patrice M Becker, Matthew C Altman, Ruth R Montgomery

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Parp Inhibitor Response Is Enhanced In Prostate Cancer When Xrcc1 Expression Is Reduced, Kaveri Goel, Vani Venkatappa, Kimiko L Krieger, Dongquan Chen, Arun Sreekumar, Natalie R Gassman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. The emergence of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) exemplifies the complex disease management for PCa. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are being tested to treat mCRPC in tumors with defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) to address this complexity. However, increasing resistance towards PARPi in HRR-deficient patients and the low percentage of HRR-defective mCRPC patients requires the identification of new genes whose deficiency can be exploited for PARPi treatment. XRCC1 is a DNA repair protein critical in the …

Stress, Employment Changes, And Psychological Distress Among Caregivers Of Patients With Head And Neck Cancer, Lama Abdurrahman, Vlad C Sandulache, Cielito Reyes-Gibby, Erich M Sturgis, Pavan Jhaveri, Hoda Badr

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Patients undergoing external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) often experience adverse effects that require substantial caregiving. The burdens of caregiving can impact caregiver employment and mental health over time, yet this topic remains underexplored.

Objective: To examine the associations between caregiving for patients with HNC who undergo EBRT and caregiver stress, employment status, and psychological distress.

Design, setting, and participants: This was a secondary analysis of data from a longitudinal survey study that surveyed caregivers at baseline (ie, at initiation of EBRT) and at 4-month and 12-month follow-ups. The study was conducted at 2 …

Longitudinal Trends In Pediatric Survival By Congenital Heart Defect In Texas, 1999 To 2017, Sara B Stephens, Shaine A Morris, Renata H Benjamin, Mark A Canfield, Charles J Shumate, Ruosha Li, Cecilia Cazaban-Ganduglia, A J Agopian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Despite previously improved survival among children with congenital heart defects (CHDs), U.S. population-level evaluations of survival within recent years are scarce.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the survival landscape among children with CHDs in a large population-based birth defects registry overall and by CHD lesion.

Methods: This population-based cohort study evaluated 1999 to 2017 live births with ≥1 major CHD in the statewide Texas Birth Defects Registry. Variables included CHD lesion, demographics, gestational age at birth (term/preterm), low birthweight (< 2,500 g at birth), among others. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to describe survival to 7 days, 28 days, 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years of life. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were generated for 1-year survival for CHDs overall by lesion, using log-rank tests assessing differences by exposure.

Results: Of 61,656 children with CHDs, survival was 98.1% and 90.7% at 7 days and …

The Relationship Between Lifetime Trauma Exposure And Psychosis In A Multi-Country Case-Control Study In Africa, Anne Stevenson, Supriya Misra, Engida Girma, Dickens Akena, Melkam Alemayehu, Amantia Ametaj, Bizu Gelaye, Stella Gichuru, Symon Kariuki, Lukoye Atwoli

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Exposure to traumatic events is a known risk factor for psychosis. Additionally, psychosis may be a risk factor for exposure to traumatic events. There are little data on the relationship between traumatic events and psychosis in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in large, cross-country samples using the same instrument.

Methods: In a case-control study, 21,606 adults were recruited with psychosis (cases) and 21,329 adults without any history of psychosis (controls) in Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda from 2018 to 2023 (n = 42,935). Lifetime trauma exposure was assessed using the Life Events Checklist-5. Regression models included the: i) prevalence of …

Early Life Exposure To Fine Particulate Matter And Fine Motor Function, Attentional Function, And Working Memory Among Spanish School-Aged Children, Kristina W Whitworth, Aitana Lertxundi, Mingze Yuan, Alison Rector-Houze, Wei-Jen Chen, Mònica Guxens, Jordi Julvez, Michael Swartz, Elaine Symanski, Antonia Valentin, Carmen Iniguez, Llúcia L González-Safont, Jesús Ibarluzea

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Evidence of the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and child neuropsychological function is equivocal. We examined early life PM2.5 exposure in relation to fine motor function, attention, and working memory in early childhood.

Methods: We used data from the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente Project, 2003-2008. Exposure to PM2.5 (μg/m3) was assessed using spatiotemporal land-use random forest models and assigned based on residential address histories. Around age six, children completed the finger tapping test, attentional network test (ANT), and n-back task to evaluate fine motor speed, attention, and working memory, respectively. A total of 1,310 children had …

Supporting The Mental Health Of Adolescent Mothers In Kenya And Mozambique: Pilot Protocol For The Thriving Mamas Programme, Tatiana Taylor Salisbury, Maria Suzana Bata Maguele, Fernando Chissale, Málica De Melo, Margrette Hanselmann, Kethakie Lamahewa, Evaline Chepchirchir Langat, Flávio Mandlate, Lucy Nyaga, Marleen Temmerman

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Poor mental health among adolescent girls during pregnancy and the year after birth (the perinatal period) has been found to have a significant detrimental effect on girls and their children. The Innovative approaches to adolescent perinatal wellbeing (INSPIRE) project co-designed an intervention (Thriving Mamas) to improve adolescent perinatal mental health in Kenya and Mozambique. The aim of the current study is to pilot test the co-designed intervention to understand how it can be adapted for further testing or scale-up.

Methods :A mixed-method, pilot cluster-randomised, efectiveness-implementation Hybrid Type II trial will be conducted among 80 adolescent girls (aged 15–19 years) …

Characteristic Profiling Of Cho-Cell Expressed Mers-Cov Rbd-Fc, Mashal M Almutairi, Yi-Lin Chen, Jungsoon Lee, Zhuyun Liu, Ulrich Strych, Peter J Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Wen-Hsiang Chen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The ongoing circulation of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in camels across Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, along with its occasional transmission to humans, demonstrates a need for a MERS vaccine. Previously, we have reported a receptor binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV fused with human Fc as a promising vaccine antigen (MERS-CoV RBD-Fc). We generated a stable recombinant CHO cell line expressing such a protein and developed a basic production process suitable for future technological transfer to pilot-scale manufacture. In this study, we employed various in-house analytical assays to examine the characteristics of purified RBD-Fc protein and …

The Aging Ovary Stands On The Shoulders Of Giant Multinucleated Cells, Avery A Ahmed, Stephanie A Pangas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Reproductive aging is associated with declining fertility and increasing inflammation, though these events are not well understood. An exciting new study in PLOS Biology utilizes cutting-edge technologies to characterize the role of multinucleated giant cells in ovarian aging.

Dietary Interventions To Support And Improve Sleep Disturbances And Insomnia Disorder In Menopause: From Bench To Bedside, Rosie H Musgrave, Sara Nowakowski, Tamlyn J Watermeyer, Emily J Arentson-Lantz, Greg J Elder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Sleep is essential for maintaining physical and psychological health, and also cognitive health (referred to as 'brain health'). However, the transition to menopause has a direct impact upon sleep. Sleep disturbances are reported by approximately 40%-60% of menopausal women, and insomnia disorder is also prevalent. Diet-based interventions could potentially be used to improve subjective sleep quality in this population, and although there are several promising interventions which have been used in other groups that could be trialled, the evidence base is currently lacking. One particularly promising area for future research is that these interventions might be used alongside, or instead …

Core Domain Set For Chronic And/Or Recurrent Manifestations Of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease: Omeract Delphi Survey To Establish Consensus, Yiling Zhang, Sara K Tedeschi, Abhishek Abhishek, Owen Hensey, David Grossberg, Ken Cai, Beverley Shea, Jasvinder A Singh, Robin Christensen, Teodora Serban, Edoardo Cipolletta, Konstantinos Parperis, Cesar Diaz-Torne, Geraldine M Mccarthy, Fabio Becce, Tamer A Gheita, Silvia Sirotti, Sara Nysom Christiansen, Luis Coronel, Lisa K Stamp, Yousra H Abdel-Fattah, Tristan Pascart, Georgios Filippou, Lih En Hong, John Fitzgerald, Nicola Dalbeth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To agree on important domains for the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) core domain set for chronic and/or recurrent manifestations of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease.

Methods: Patient research partners (PRPs) and other participants (mainly clinicians and researchers) contributed to three rounds of a consensus survey using Delphi methodology. Consensus was defined if ≥70% of both patients and other participants scored the domain as 'critically important domain to include'. In a subsequent ranking exercise, all participants were asked to select and rank up to 10 of the domains reaching consensus.

Results: Fifteen domains reached consensus as critically important. Within …

Epidemiology Of Intestinal Parasite Infections And Multiparasitism And Their Impact On Growth And Hemoglobin Levels During Childhood In Tropical Ecuador: A Longitudinal Study Using Molecular Detection Methods, Rojelio Mejia, Irina Chis Ster, Martha E Chico, Irene Guadalupe, Andrea Arévalo-Cortés, Andrea Lopez, Aida Y Oviedo-Vera, Philip J Cooper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There are few longitudinal epidemiological studies of intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) and their health effects. We studied the epidemiology and determinants of IPI and multiparasitism during childhood using molecular methods for parasite detection and analysed their effects on growth and hemoglobin levels.

Methods: Random sample of 401 children from an Ecuadorian birth cohort followed up to 8 years of age. Data on environmental and sociodemographic characteristics were collected by questionnaires. Stool samples were collected, and weight, height, and hemoglobin levels were measured at 7 and 13 months, and 2, 3, 5, and 8 years. Stool samples were analysed using …

Aapm Task Group No 249b-Essentials And Guidelines For Clinical Medical Physics Residency Training Programs, Jonathon A Nye, Joseph P Dugas, William D Erwin, David P Gierga, Darryl G Kaurin, Stephanie M Leon, Ho-Ling Anthony Liu, Zheng Feng Lu, Alphonso W Magri, Lynn N Rill, Leah K Schubert, Beth A Schueler, Irina Vergalasova, John Vetter, Brian D Wichman, Amy Shu-Jung Yu, Dandan Zheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The establishment of guidelines and curriculum standards for medical physics residency training is a critical component of setting expectations and competencies for the profession. Since the last publication of these standards, residency training has become integrated into the eligibility criteria for most medical physics certification bodies. The rapid growth of medical physics requires periodic review of the curriculum to remove outdated approaches, update established knowledge, and add emerging technologies. The goal of this document is to provide a reference standard for residency training program directors, training mentors, and residents to guide creation and/or optimization of their program's curriculum. The document …