Medical Specialties Commons^™

Our Adolescents--Our Future, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sex Education In The Schools: What Role Does It Play?, Darby H. Mcelderry, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Information regarding pubertal development, sex, pregnancy, and contraception should be provided to children and adolescents in an age-appropriate manner from parents, health care providers, and schools. This article reviews the medical literature on school sex education programs, adolescents' perception of these programs, and the role played by the media, parents, and health care professionals in sexual education of teens.

Parenting Adolescents, Sandra L. D'Angelo, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The period of adolescence is often thought to be one of intense stress and turmoil. Yet many parents and teens negotiate this developmental stage without extreme family conflict and without sacrificing close relationships. This review summarizes a portion of the literature on parent-adolescent relationships, focusing on monitoring and control of adolescent behavior and parenting style. Basic principles to emphasize when working with adolescents and parents are also included.

Febrile Seizures: Factors Affecting Risk Of Recurrence In Pakistani Children Presenting At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Z Habib, S Akram, S Ibrahim, B Hasan

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: To (a) describe the effect of temperature rise on seizure recurrence in the ER (b) investigate the effect of age, gender, family and developmental history, type, duration and multiple seizures, past history and number of seizures and treatment given (either late or early) on seizure recurrence in the ER and (c) explore prognostic indicators for seizure recurrence.
Methods: Data from 352 children [ages 3-84 months; 220 males (62.5%) 132 females (37.5%)] was taken using chart reviews for the years January 1998-August 2000 inclusive, from the Pediatric department of the Aga Khan University Hospital. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Discriminant …

L’Observation Du Comportement Du Nouveau-Ne: Une Source Pertinente D’Informations Medicales, N. Ratynski, G. Cioni, L. Franck, Yvette Blanchard, J. Sizun

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

L’observation du comportement du nouveau-né est une source importante d’informations d’ordre médical. Trois domaines bénéficient des données de l’observation : 1) l’analyse du développement grâce à l’utilisation de l’Assessment of Preterm Infant Behavior (évaluation du comportement de l’enfant prématuré) ; 2) l’évaluation de la douleur dominée par l’analyse de l’expression faciale grâce à des échelles validées, telle que le Neonatal Facial Coding System (système néonatal de codage facial) ; 3) la recherche de lésions cérébrales par le Quality Assessment of General Movements (évaluation de la qualité des mouvements généraux). L’observation comportementale fondée sur des outils validés par la recherche …

Divorce: A Teacher's Perspective On How It Affects Primary Age Children And Their Behavior In An Elementary School Setting, Reina Moriah Beere-Kuklinski

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Morbidity And Outcome Of Low Birthweight Babies Of Adolescent Mothers At Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, A. Wasunna, K. Mohammed

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objective: To compare the morbidity and outcome of low birthweight babies (birthweight < 2000gm) of adolescent (age < 20 years) and older mothers.

Design: Cross sectional descriptive study.

Setting: The newborn Unit of the Kenyatta National Hospital. Main outcome measures: All babies weighing less than 2000gm at birth whose mothers consented to the study had their gestational age verified using the Dubowitz scoring system. They were then followed up by daily clinical assessment untill discharge, death or up to one month in the ward. The babies were divided into two groups according to their mother's age and then compared with respect to episodes of illness, duration of hospital stay, and overall …

Low Birthweight Babies: Socio-Demographic And Obstetric Characteristics Of Adolescent Mothers At Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, A. Wasunna, K. Mohammed

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objective: To compare some socio-demographic and obstetric factors between adolescent mothers (aged below 20 years) and older mothers of low birthweight (birthweight <2000gm) babies.

Design: Cross sectional descriptive study.

Setting: The Newborn Unit of the Kenyatta National Hospital.

Results: Sixty nine adolescent mothers and 73 older mothers were studied. Adolescent mothers were more likely to be unmarried (p 0.0001) have less formal education (p

Justification For The Continuance Of A Pediatric Physician's Office Laboratory, Veronica C. Santilli

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The continued viability of the Physician's Office Laboratory (POL) has been questioned because of barriers imposed by managed care organizations, oversight by regulatory agencies and competition for professionally trained laboratory staff. Pediatricians view the POL as an important adjunct to quality healthcare services for children and do not consider the POL as a "profit center", whose priority is generation of revenues for the The practice. parents of pediatric patients consider an on-site laboratory a convenience and valuable service. Through an analysis of patients' satisfaction, physicians' perceptions of enhancement to quality care, managed care reimbursement data and costs associated with maintenance …

Effectiveness Of Current Therapy Of Bacterial Vaginosis, Petya M Andreeva, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The study was conducted in order to evaluate effectiveness of the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) with different therapeutic regimes according to recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). During a one-year period (February 2000-February 2001) the Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Center was visited by 482 women aged 14-51. The diagnosis of BV was established by standard methods: Amsel's clinical criteria and Gram stain of vaginal discharge. The first-line treatment was oral Metronidazole 2 g single dose. Second line was Metronidazole 500 mg twice daily orally for 7 days or oral Clindamycin 300 mg twice daily for seven days. BV …

Improved Continuation Rate Of Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate In Adolescent Mothers, Hatim A. Omar, Amy Fowler, Sandy D'Angelo

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Poor compliance and high discontinuation rates of Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) and other contraceptive methods are major factors in the continuing problem of adolescent pregnancy. In this study we attempted to determine if providing comprehensive health care for teen mothers and their babies would improve continuation rates of DMPA. Patients who started DMPA between 1/1/96 and 1/1/99 were included. Teen mothers and their babies received all their health care in this clinic, supported by State funding. Key elements regarding DMPA in this clinic were continuity of care, phone and mail reminders of appointments, free DMPA for patients without insurance, counseling at …

2001 Cancer Care Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center, with a focus on Wilms' Tumor.

Children's Mercy Annual Report 2001, Children's Mercy Hospital

Children's Mercy Annual Reports

Annual report for The Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Factors Influencing Immunization Status In Primary Care Clinics, David Page, Jan Meires, Amy B. Dailey

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives: National standards and goals for childhood immunization rates are well established. Yet, despite clear standards and goals, physicians do not achieve the desired rate (90%) for immunization coverage. This study examined factors related to immunization status for 2-year-old children in pediatric and family practice settings.

Methods: Specially trained personnel used computer software to audit 2,552 records from 42 practices in Northeast Florida throughout 1997–1999. Immunization records were judged as either complete or incomplete, and factors related to immunization status were studied. Clinic type and 18 immunization practice standards were reviewed for effect on immunization status.

Results: The …

Retrospective Analysis Of Youth Evaluated For Suicide Attempt Or Suicidal Ideation In An Emergency Room Setting, Julie Hagedorn, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescents and a major contributor to morbidity in this age group. The objective of this study was to look at the demographics, major stressors and factors leading to attempting suicide as well as the methods of attempted suicide in adolescents admitted to two hospitals in a medium size city. Medical records were reviewed of adolescents admitted to two area hospitals for attempted suicide between 7/1/97-12/31/99. Coroner's data on completed suicide were also reviewed. In the study period a total of 287 persons aged 21 years or under were admitted for attempted …

Parental [Correction Of Perinatal] Consanguinity: A Risk Factor For Developmental Delay In Pakistani Children, S Ibrahim, Z Habib, S Hyder, I S. Azam, R Ahmed

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To investigate the association of parental consanguinity and delayed development in terms of gross motor, fine motor, speech and social aspects in their children.
Methods: One hundred and seventy seven children (age 15 days--72 months) were evaluated for their developmental status utilizing the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST). An unmatched case-control study design was used. Case group consisted of 94 children and control group 83 children. Odds ratios were calculated for parental consanguinity and delay in gross and fine motor, speech and social development in their children, for cases and controls, utilizing Binary Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis. Acquired delay …

Mysterious Rectal Bleeding In A Female Adolescent, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

A 15-year-old female referred to our adolescent clinic for further evaluation of rectal bleeding was seen a week earlier in the acute care clinic with a two-day history of bright red rectal bleeding. The physical examination at that time was reportedly normal, including the rectal exam. The blood count with differential, liver function tests, ESR, and barium enema were all within normal limits. The patient, however, continued to complain of rectal bleeding and this led to the referral. She was known in the adolescent clinic as having a history of learning disability and mild mental retardation. She was started on …

Labial Adhesion As A Complication Of Primary Genital Herpes In Young Women, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease in adolescents. It may be associated with significant morbidity if not diagnosed on time or not properly treated. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of labial adhesion secondary to primary herpes in young women and the possible predisposing factors for this complication. The method was analysis of clinical data regarding primary genital herpes in young women seen in an adolescent outpatient clinic at a university hospital. Cases of primary genital herpes seen between December 1^st 1998 and November 30^th 1999 were included. A total of 34 …

Dr. Katharine Berry Richardson, Co-Founder Of Children's Mercy Hospitals And Clinics, Children's Mercy Hospital

Archives

Shows portrait of Dr. Katharine Berry Richardson along with a picture of the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania graduating class of 1887 obtained by Dr. Gary Pettet and showing Dr. Richardson as a young woman.

Association Of Viral Genome With Graft Loss In Children After Cardiac Transplantation., Girish S. Shirali, J Ni, R E. Chinnock, J K. Johnston, G L. Rosenthal, N E. Bowles, J A. Towbin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The survival of recipients of cardiac allografts is limited by rejection, lymphoproliferative disease, and coronary vasculopathy. The purpose of this study in children who had received heart transplants was to evaluate the cardiac allografts for myocardial viral infections and to determine whether the presence of viral genome in the myocardium correlates with rejection, coronary vasculopathy, or graft loss.

METHODS: We enrolled heart-transplant recipients 1 day to 18 years old who were undergoing evaluation for possible rejection and coronary vasculopathy. Endomyocardial-biopsy specimens were evaluated for evidence of rejection with the use of standard criteria and were analyzed for the presence …

Flow Cytometric Analysis Of Childhood Leukemias, R. Z. Yusuf, Shahid Pervez, S. A. Aziz, Mohammad Khurshid

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To collect demographic data for childhood (less than 15 years) leukemias in Karachi, describe the accuracy of the cell surface markers routinely used in the flow cytometric analysis of leukemic cells and arrive at an ideal panel of antibodies for analyzing leukemic samiples.

Materials and Methods: Data from 62 consecutive cases of childhood leukemias referred to the Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital. (AKUH) between January 1995 and December 1998 was analyzed using Epi Info Version 6. Flow cytometry on all samples was performed using standard protocols.

Results: The mean age of patients was 8.2 years and 49 …

2000 Cancer Care Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Clinical Presentation And Treatment Outcome In Children With Nephroblastoma In Kenya, F.K. Abdallah, William Macharia

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Objective: To review the clinical presentation and management of children with nephroplastoma and the factors influencing the outcome at Kenyatta National Referral and Teaching Hospital (KNH).

Design: This was a retrospective case series study based on secondary data accumulated between 1990 and 1996.

Setting: The relevant data were extracted from records of all children aged 12 years and below, admitted for cancer at KNH, Nairobi.

Results: Out of 803 children with cancer, 71 (8.8% ) had histologically proven nephroblastoma. At presentation, 1.5% were in stage I, 13.2% stage II, 36.8% stage III, 41.2% stage IV and 7.4% stage V. Eighty …

Synaptopodin Expression In Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Of Childhood., Tarak Srivastava, Robert E. Garola, J M. Whiting, Uri S. Alon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Synaptopodin is a proline-rich protein intimately associated with actin microfilaments present in the podocytes' foot processes. We investigated for synaptopodin expression in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), including minimal change disease (MCD), diffuse mesangial hypercellularity (DMH), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS); in children with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (CNF); and in normal kidney tissue. In particular, we examined whether an association exists between synaptopodin expression in podocyte cells and the response to steroids in INS, and whether synaptopodin expression can predict FSGS upon the initial kidney biopsy in children who progress from MCD or DMH …

Developmental, Psychosocial, And Economic Predictors Of Healthy Newborns In Michigan’S Teenage Pregnancies, Cheryl Lauber

Dissertations

Teenage pregnancy is a critical health indicator. Using a risk reduction model, this study examined the relationship between the characteristics o f the teenage mother i and her newborn. The research questions were: ( I) what risk factors are associated with poor birth outcomes, (2) is addressing each factor the best way to reduce the risk, and (3) has the overall risk changed as the birth rate has declined? Developmental, psychosocial and economic risks were identified as independent variables, while age and race were mediators.

Combining the birth certificate records of women under age 20 from 1990 through 1997 resulted …

Job's Syndrome, M A. Yousafzai, K Nasim, S Q. Nizami

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Estrogen-Induced Relaxation In Bovine Coronary Arteries In Vitro: Evidence For A New Mechanism, Jelica D. J. Kalenic, Rolando J. Ramirez, Stanley Einzig, William A. Neal, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Numerous studies have shown estrogen to be vasoactive in various circulations. Our objective was to determine the effect of estrogen on isolated bovine coronary arteries and the possible mechanism. Bovine coronary arteries, precontracted with thromboxane mimetic U₄₆₆₁₉ were given doses (0.01-30μM) of 17Β-estradiol in the presence and absence of endothelium and these inhibitors: 10μM indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor), 10μM methylene blue (inhibits soluble guanylate cyclase), 100μM nitro-L-arginine (inhibits nitric oxide synthesis), 100μM isobutylmethylxanthine (phosphodiesterase inhibitor) and 30μM mifepristone (Ru₃₈₄₈₆ steroid receptor antagonist). Our results indicated that, estrogen, in the highest concentration used (30μM), elicited an acute dose-dependent relaxation of …

Recognition Of Left Atrial Aneurysm By Fetal Echocardiography., R R. Fountain-Dommer, H B. Wiles, C O. Shuler, S M. Bradley, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Endocrine Cell Dysplasia (Nesidioblastosis): A Relatively Unrecognized Entity In Pakistan?, Nasim Sabir, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Zafar Nazir, Abdul Jabbar, Sheema Hasan

Section of Paediatric Surgery

Nesidioblastosis is quantitative as well as qualitative abnormality of pancreatic endocrine cells. There is scattering of small endocrine cell clusters arranged haphazardly rather than the peripheral location within the lobule^1,2. Islet contours are irregular, tailing off into parenchyma³. These islets are present in intimate association with ducts forming ductuloinsular complexes¹ We recently encountered a new born baby with signs and symptoms of endocrine cell dysplasia.

Why Has So Little Changed In Maternal And Child Health In South Asia?, Z A. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.