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Pediatrics

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Articles 631 - 660 of 9023

Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Use Of The Selective Cytopheretic Device With Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy In Children: A Comparison Of Contemporary Cohorts, Natalja L Stanski, Jangdong Seo, Todd Jenkins, Kelli A Krallman, Shina Menon, H David Humes, David J Askenazi, Rajit K Basu, Ayse Akcan-Arikan, Stuart L Goldstein, Katja M Gist Oct 2025

Use Of The Selective Cytopheretic Device With Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy In Children: A Comparison Of Contemporary Cohorts, Natalja L Stanski, Jangdong Seo, Todd Jenkins, Kelli A Krallman, Shina Menon, H David Humes, David J Askenazi, Rajit K Basu, Ayse Akcan-Arikan, Stuart L Goldstein, Katja M Gist

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: The selective cytopheretic device (SCD) is a cell-directed extracorporeal therapy approved for use in children with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with sepsis/sepsis-like conditions. We compared outcomes for children treated with SCD to a contemporary cohort of children treated with CRRT alone.

Methods: Secondary analysis and comparison of patients ≤22 years old and ≥10 kg from a multicenter registry of patients receiving CRRT for AKI and/or fluid overload (WE-ROCK; 2015-2021) to patients from two multicenter, prospective, interventional studies of children with AKI and multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) receiving SCD (SCD-PED-01/SCD-PED-02; 2016-2022).

Results: Eighteen patients …


Xpert Mtb/Rif Ultra Assay For Tuberculosis Disease And Rifampicin Resistance In Children, Alexander W Kay, Maia Madison, Katie Scandrett, Tara Ness, Pauline Amuge, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan, Lucia González Fernández, Michael Eisenhut, Nazir Ismail, Alexei Korobitsyn, Sabine E Verkuijl, Annemieke Brands, Kerri Viney, Tiziana Masini, Anna M Mandalakas, Karen R Steingart, Yemisi Takwoingi Oct 2025

Xpert Mtb/Rif Ultra Assay For Tuberculosis Disease And Rifampicin Resistance In Children, Alexander W Kay, Maia Madison, Katie Scandrett, Tara Ness, Pauline Amuge, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Mukesh Kumar Sathya Narayanan, Lucia González Fernández, Michael Eisenhut, Nazir Ismail, Alexei Korobitsyn, Sabine E Verkuijl, Annemieke Brands, Kerri Viney, Tiziana Masini, Anna M Mandalakas, Karen R Steingart, Yemisi Takwoingi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: In 2023, an estimated 1.3 million children (aged 0-14 years) became ill with tuberculosis, and 166,000 children (aged 0-15 years) died from the disease. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) is a molecular World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended rapid diagnostic test that detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2020 and last updated in 2022. Parts of the current update informed the 2024 WHO updated guidance for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert Ultra for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis, tuberculous meningitis, lymph node tuberculosis, and …


Nutritional Management Of The Complex Fontan Physiology Patient In The Pre-Transplant Phase, Mona Kasik, Jill Rockwell Oct 2025

Nutritional Management Of The Complex Fontan Physiology Patient In The Pre-Transplant Phase, Mona Kasik, Jill Rockwell

2025

No abstract provided.


Defining Endotypes Of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia In Preterm Infants To Improve Precision-Based Therapies., Megha Sharma, Gangaram Akangire, Noah H. Hillman, Winston M. Manimtim, Mark Ivan Attard, Venkatesh Sampath Oct 2025

Defining Endotypes Of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia In Preterm Infants To Improve Precision-Based Therapies., Megha Sharma, Gangaram Akangire, Noah H. Hillman, Winston M. Manimtim, Mark Ivan Attard, Venkatesh Sampath

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a debilitating disease in premature infants. The chronic pathogenesis of BPD with complex prenatal and postnatal programming challenges attempts at precisely defining or treating disease. While existing BPD definitions categorize disease severity, a lack of consideration of disease heterogeneity and endotypes has contributed to the failure of clinical trials to improve BPD outcomes. Recent studies have used advanced lung imaging techniques, echocardiography, and lung function tests to identify airway, parenchymal, and vascular BPD endotypes. These endotypes carry different prognoses and require endotype-specific treatment strategies to optimize infant outcomes. In this Review, we focus on the pathogenic …


Headache Common Cases, Michael Smith, Trevor Gerson Oct 2025

Headache Common Cases, Michael Smith, Trevor Gerson

Pediatrics in Practice: A CME Podcast

In this episode, we explore the most common types of headaches in children, how they present across age groups and what red flags to watch for. Our guest shares tips for diagnosing pediatric migraines, the impact of lifestyle factors and practical strategies for both acute and preventive management. Plus, hear a compelling case that highlights the complexity of pediatric headache care—and advice for general pediatricians without neurology access.Dr. Gerson, the presenter of this educational activity, has been an advisor for Theranica. This relevant financial relationship has been mitigated.

Click here to stream the podcast episode.


A Hybrid Model For Youth Engagement In Adolescent Health Studies: Insights From The Teen Research Advisors Program At A Midwestern Pediatric Academic Medical Center In The United States., John Tumberger, Alaina N. Burns, Michael Bartkoski, Mariah E. Brewe, Amelia Whittier, Kendyll Gethers, Ailisi Bogdon, Emerie Peterson, Stephani L. Stancil Oct 2025

A Hybrid Model For Youth Engagement In Adolescent Health Studies: Insights From The Teen Research Advisors Program At A Midwestern Pediatric Academic Medical Center In The United States., John Tumberger, Alaina N. Burns, Michael Bartkoski, Mariah E. Brewe, Amelia Whittier, Kendyll Gethers, Ailisi Bogdon, Emerie Peterson, Stephani L. Stancil

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Engaging adolescents in research ensures studies are relevant, ethical, and beneficial while fostering authentic and applicable findings. Traditional in-person advisory boards face barriers to equitable participation, highlighting the need for innovative, flexible models tailored to specific research programs and individuals with lived experience. The primary aim of this article is to describe a novel hybrid youth advisory board suitable for informing ongoing operations of a research program while supporting youths' education and career exploration. Our secondary aim was to evaluate initial impact over the first 2 years of the program (2023-2024).

METHODS: Adolescents aged 12-21 with prior involvement in …


Everolimus And Low-Dose Tacrolimus After Heart Transplant In Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Christopher S Almond, Kevin P Daly, Erin L Albers, Juan C Alejos, Rebecca Ameduri, Scott R Auerbach, Lynsey Barkoff, Aliessa P Barnes, Matthew J Bock, Arene Butto, Waldemar F Carlo, Chesney D Castleberry, Maryanne R Chrisant, Shriprasad R Deshpande, William J Dreyer, Melanie D Everitt, Brian Feingold, Selena Gonzales, Seth A Hollander, Steven J Kindel, Gloria L Klein, Ashwin K Lal, Jacqueline M Lamour, Joanne Lee, Minmin Lu, Irene D Lytrivi, Shelley D Miyamoto, Elfriede Pahl, David M Peng, Thomas D Ryan, Tajinder P Singh, Jennifer A Su, David L Sutcliffe, A Marian Ybarra, Steven Zangwill, Joseph W Rossano, Lynn A Sleeper Oct 2025

Everolimus And Low-Dose Tacrolimus After Heart Transplant In Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Christopher S Almond, Kevin P Daly, Erin L Albers, Juan C Alejos, Rebecca Ameduri, Scott R Auerbach, Lynsey Barkoff, Aliessa P Barnes, Matthew J Bock, Arene Butto, Waldemar F Carlo, Chesney D Castleberry, Maryanne R Chrisant, Shriprasad R Deshpande, William J Dreyer, Melanie D Everitt, Brian Feingold, Selena Gonzales, Seth A Hollander, Steven J Kindel, Gloria L Klein, Ashwin K Lal, Jacqueline M Lamour, Joanne Lee, Minmin Lu, Irene D Lytrivi, Shelley D Miyamoto, Elfriede Pahl, David M Peng, Thomas D Ryan, Tajinder P Singh, Jennifer A Su, David L Sutcliffe, A Marian Ybarra, Steven Zangwill, Joseph W Rossano, Lynn A Sleeper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Studies suggest that everolimus may reduce the risk of rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) after heart transplant. Everolimus use is controversial because of data demonstrating higher infection deaths when everolimus is introduced de novo after transplant. It is unclear whether everolimus is safe and effective when initiated at 6 months posttransplant in children, a population in which median graft survival is limited to 15 years and randomized clinical trials are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of everolimus combined with low-dose tacrolimus to prevent major adverse transplant events (MATEs) in …


Interventions To Minimize Unnecessary Antibiotic Use For Acute Otitis Media: A Meta-Analysis., Theresa L. Morin, Amy B. Stein, Rana El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Amy Keith, Heather E. Laferriere, Timothy C. Jenkins, Holly M. Frost Oct 2025

Interventions To Minimize Unnecessary Antibiotic Use For Acute Otitis Media: A Meta-Analysis., Theresa L. Morin, Amy B. Stein, Rana El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Amy Keith, Heather E. Laferriere, Timothy C. Jenkins, Holly M. Frost

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Backgrounds/Objectives: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the leading reason antibiotics are prescribed to children. Despite guidelines advocating for watchful waiting and shorter antibiotic durations, overprescribing remains a concern. This meta-analysis aims to quantify potential reduction in antibiotic days of therapy (DOT) for AOM if prescribers adhered to guidelines. Methods: Cochrane databases were sourced for studies on ear infections, diagnostic accuracy, antibiotic duration, and watchful waiting. Randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and quality improvement reports of children aged 6 months-17 years with uncomplicated AOM published between 2000 and 2024 from the U.S., Canada, and Europe. Of 4187 studies, 425 met selection …


Screentime And Effects On Pediatric Mental Health, Bob Underwood, Libby Milkovich Oct 2025

Screentime And Effects On Pediatric Mental Health, Bob Underwood, Libby Milkovich

Pediatrics in Practice: A CME Podcast

Dive into the world of pediatric mental health as Dr. Libby Milkovich discusses the concerning trends related to screen time usage in children. Discover the neurological and behavioral mechanisms at play, and learn how screen habits established in early childhood can impact emotional well-being as kids grow.

Click here to stream the podcast episode.


Probabilistic Data Linkage To Study The Epidemiology Of Unintentional Fatal Drowning In A Large Metropolitan Region, Rohit P Shenoi, Ned Levine, Elizabeth A Camp, Linh Nguyen, Sandra Mckay, Shaila Zaman Oct 2025

Probabilistic Data Linkage To Study The Epidemiology Of Unintentional Fatal Drowning In A Large Metropolitan Region, Rohit P Shenoi, Ned Levine, Elizabeth A Camp, Linh Nguyen, Sandra Mckay, Shaila Zaman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: It is difficult to study the epidemiology of drowning at the regional level because of multiple data sources, many of which have a high degree of unstandardized and missing data. We aimed to link multiple datasets to identify demographics and geographic locations of unintentional fatal drowning in a metropolitan region and compare linked data with vital statistic data.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included unintentional drowning fatalities among persons of all ages in metropolitan Houston between 2016 and 2022. Probabilistic linking was used to link multiple datasets and geographical mapping to identify drowning locations. The effectiveness of data linkage was …


Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study, Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W Brothers, Joshua C Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R Watson, Alison C Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G Newland, Virginia R Mckay Oct 2025

Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study, Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W Brothers, Joshua C Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R Watson, Alison C Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G Newland, Virginia R Mckay

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with children at higher risk due to developmental differences in drug metabolism, limited treatment options and inappropriate antibiotic use. Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) face implementation challenges, often relying on adult-based guidelines and limited pediatric-specific evidence. This study aimed to identify and prioritize the most critical areas for pediatric ASP intervention development through a structured, multi-round Delphi consensus process with experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases.

Method: A four-round modified Delphi process was conducted to identify and prioritize key pediatric ASP interventions. Experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases …


Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study., Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J. Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W. Brothers, Joshua C. Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann L. Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A. Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R. Watson, Alison C. Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G. Newland, Virginia R. Mckay Oct 2025

Establishing Priority Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions In The Us: Findings From A Delphi Consensus Study., Harry Obeng, Emmanuel Tetteh, Sara Malone, Lauren Walsh, Tyler Walsh, Fernando J. Bula-Rudas, Ritu Banerjee, Adam W. Brothers, Joshua C. Herigon, Katie Namtu, Scott Weissman, Daniel Riggsbee, Jared Olson, Debra Lynn Palazzi, Ann L. Wirtz, Matthew Sattler, Jessica Tansmore, Brittany A. Rodriguez, Monica Abdelnour, Joshua R. Watson, Alison C. Tribble, Jessica Gillon, Mari Nakamura, Sarah Jones, Jason G. Newland, Virginia R. Mckay

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat, with children at higher risk due to developmental differences in drug metabolism, limited treatment options and inappropriate antibiotic use. Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) face implementation challenges, often relying on adult-based guidelines and limited pediatric-specific evidence. This study aimed to identify and prioritize the most critical areas for pediatric ASP intervention development through a structured, multi-round Delphi consensus process with experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases.

METHOD: A four-round modified Delphi process was conducted to identify and prioritize key pediatric ASP interventions. Experts in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious diseases …


Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention To Improve Hiv Prevention And Substance Use In Youth Experiencing Homelessness (My-Ride): Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Diane Santa Maria, Nikhil Padhye, Michael Businelle, Natasha Slesnick, Stefani Ricondo, Marguerita Lightfoot Oct 2025

Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention To Improve Hiv Prevention And Substance Use In Youth Experiencing Homelessness (My-Ride): Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Diane Santa Maria, Nikhil Padhye, Michael Businelle, Natasha Slesnick, Stefani Ricondo, Marguerita Lightfoot

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Youth who are experiencing homelessness face a higher risk of HIV infection compared to their housed peers, and suicide and overdose remain the leading causes of death among homeless youth. Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) are gaining momentum for HIV prevention and substance use research. Yet, most interventions for homeless youth have not addressed modifiable real-time factors.

Objective: This paper describes the development and implementation of a randomized attention-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of motivating youth to reduce infections, disconnections, and emotional dysregulation (MY-RIDE), a JITAI to improve HIV prevention and substance use in homeless youth.

Methods: This study …


The Effect Of Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Predisposition On Non-Cardiovascular Comorbidities, Ana Luiza Arruda, Ozvan Bocher, Henry J Taylor, Davis Cammann, Satoshi Yoshiji, Xianyong Yin, Chi Zhao, Jingchun Chen, Alexis C Wood, Ken Suzuki, Josep M Mercader, Cassandra N Spracklen, James B Meigs, Marijana Vujkovic, George Davey Smith, Jerome I Rotter, Benjamin F Voight, Andrew P Morris, Eleftheria Zeggini Oct 2025

The Effect Of Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Predisposition On Non-Cardiovascular Comorbidities, Ana Luiza Arruda, Ozvan Bocher, Henry J Taylor, Davis Cammann, Satoshi Yoshiji, Xianyong Yin, Chi Zhao, Jingchun Chen, Alexis C Wood, Ken Suzuki, Josep M Mercader, Cassandra N Spracklen, James B Meigs, Marijana Vujkovic, George Davey Smith, Jerome I Rotter, Benjamin F Voight, Andrew P Morris, Eleftheria Zeggini

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Type 2 diabetes is associated with a range of non-cardiovascular non-oncologic comorbidities. To move beyond associations and evaluate causal effects between type 2 diabetes genetic predisposition and 21 comorbidities, we apply Mendelian randomization analysis using genome-wide association studies across multiple genetic ancestries. Additionally, leveraging eight mechanistic clusters of type 2 diabetes genetic profiles, each representing distinct biological pathways, we investigate causal links between cluster-stratified type 2 diabetes genetic predisposition and comorbidity risk. We identify causal effects of type 2 diabetes genetic predisposition driven by distinct genetic clusters. For example, the risk-increasing effects of type 2 diabetes genetic predisposition on cataracts …


Sers And Seira Detection Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons And Their Derivatives In Murine Tissues: Bioaccumulation And Clearance, Oara Neumann, Andrés B Sánchez-Alvarado, Weiwu Jiang, Guo Dong Zhou, Sachin B Jorveka, Parmeet Dhindsa, Nagireddy Putluri, Peter Nordlander, Melissa A Suter, Bhagavatula Moorthy, Naomi J Halas Oct 2025

Sers And Seira Detection Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons And Their Derivatives In Murine Tissues: Bioaccumulation And Clearance, Oara Neumann, Andrés B Sánchez-Alvarado, Weiwu Jiang, Guo Dong Zhou, Sachin B Jorveka, Parmeet Dhindsa, Nagireddy Putluri, Peter Nordlander, Melissa A Suter, Bhagavatula Moorthy, Naomi J Halas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The toxicological effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their known bioaccumulation. However, time-resolved and longitudinal studies that examine in vivo bioaccumulation and clearance remain limited. Here we use Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopies to detect and track the presence of two PAHs: pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, and one PAC: 5,12-naphthacenequinone, in murine organ tissues. Mice were exposed to a three-component mixture of these three chemicals, then their organs were collected at 24-, 48-, and 72- hours post-exposure. The accumulation of each of these chemicals in …


Methemoglobinemia-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction In A Pediatric Patient, Brian Drury, Chelsea Boyd, Kelsey Van Housen, Siraj Amanullah Oct 2025

Methemoglobinemia-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction In A Pediatric Patient, Brian Drury, Chelsea Boyd, Kelsey Van Housen, Siraj Amanullah

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Methemoglobinemia is a rare congenital or acquired cause of functional anemia resulting from oxidation of hemoglobin. Prompt recognition and treatment are critical to prevent tissue hypoxia and end-organ injury. While other complications are well described, cardiac dysfunction is rarely reported—especially in children. We present what, to our knowledge, is the first known case of methemoglobinemia-induced transient cardiac dysfunction—or “myocardial stunning— in a pediatric patient. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion and assessing cardiac involvement in such patients. Early intervention can lead to full recovery and prevent long-term sequelae, even in the presence of multiorgan …


The Latest In Resuscitation Research: Highlights From The 2024 American Heart Association's Resuscitation Science Symposium, Gabriela M Galli, Aarthi Kaviyarasu, Sachin Agarwal, Catherine R Counts, Tommaso Scquizzato, Betty Yang, Clark G Owyang, Ryan Coute, Simon Orlob, Lindsay Shepard, Saleem Halablab, James Horowitz, Sarah Perman, Ryan Morgan, Anne Grossestreuer, Jacob Vine, Nicholas Johnson, Luke Andrea, Ari Moskowitz, Benjamin Abella, Cameron Dezfulian, Walid H Farooqi, Felipe Teran Oct 2025

The Latest In Resuscitation Research: Highlights From The 2024 American Heart Association's Resuscitation Science Symposium, Gabriela M Galli, Aarthi Kaviyarasu, Sachin Agarwal, Catherine R Counts, Tommaso Scquizzato, Betty Yang, Clark G Owyang, Ryan Coute, Simon Orlob, Lindsay Shepard, Saleem Halablab, James Horowitz, Sarah Perman, Ryan Morgan, Anne Grossestreuer, Jacob Vine, Nicholas Johnson, Luke Andrea, Ari Moskowitz, Benjamin Abella, Cameron Dezfulian, Walid H Farooqi, Felipe Teran

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.


Infective Endocarditis And Meningitis In A Healthy Newborn Without Underlying Heart Disease, Due To Streptococcus Agalactiae - A Case Report., Dalal Siddig Idris, Muath Mohammed Al Ghamdi, Maria Laura Bellovalls, Mohammed Fararjeh Oct 2025

Infective Endocarditis And Meningitis In A Healthy Newborn Without Underlying Heart Disease, Due To Streptococcus Agalactiae - A Case Report., Dalal Siddig Idris, Muath Mohammed Al Ghamdi, Maria Laura Bellovalls, Mohammed Fararjeh

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Streptococcus Agalactiae endocarditis is a rare clinical entity in newborns with a normal structured heart. It is generally characterized by acute onset, the presence of large vegetations, rapid valvular destruction and frequent complications, particularly embolization. Mortality is high with medical therapy alone. We are reporting a rare case of infective endocarditis (IE) with mitral valve vegetation in a 9-day old healthy newborn following Streptococcus Agalactiae sepsis, complicated by meningitis and micro-abscesses. Mitral valve (MV) vegetation was removed surgically; the patient received intravenous antibiotics for six weeks. Transthoracic echocardiography after surgery showed severe MV regurgitation and severe pulmonary hypertension which was …


New Avenues In Childhood Vasculitis, Hulya Ercan Emreol, Cagri Yildirim-Toruner, Marija Jelusic, Marinka Twilt, Seza Ozen Oct 2025

New Avenues In Childhood Vasculitis, Hulya Ercan Emreol, Cagri Yildirim-Toruner, Marija Jelusic, Marinka Twilt, Seza Ozen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Childhood vasculitis encompasses a group of rare and heterogeneous diseases with systemic inflammation affecting various vessel sizes. This comprehensive review highlights recent advances in the pathogenesis, biomarkers, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for major pediatric vasculitides including IgA vasculitis, Kawasaki Disease, ANCA-associated vasculitis, Takayasu arteritis, and Polyarteritis Nodosa. Novel insights from genetic, immunologic, and imaging studies have paved the way for early diagnosis and individualized therapeutic approaches. Future directions emphasize the role of artificial intelligence, precision medicine, and international collaborative trials to optimize long-term outcomes and quality of life in affected children.


Vaccine Value Profile For Schistosomiasis, Gavin Yamey, Kaci Kennedy Mcdade, Roy M Anderson, Sarah M Bartsch, Maria Elena Bottazzi, David Diemert, Peter J Hotez, Bruce Y Lee, Donald Mcmanus, Adebayo J Molehin, Meta Roestenberg, David Rollinson, Afzal A Siddiqui, Miriam Tendler, Joanne P Webster, Hong You, Raphaël M Zellweger, Caroline Marshall Oct 2025

Vaccine Value Profile For Schistosomiasis, Gavin Yamey, Kaci Kennedy Mcdade, Roy M Anderson, Sarah M Bartsch, Maria Elena Bottazzi, David Diemert, Peter J Hotez, Bruce Y Lee, Donald Mcmanus, Adebayo J Molehin, Meta Roestenberg, David Rollinson, Afzal A Siddiqui, Miriam Tendler, Joanne P Webster, Hong You, Raphaël M Zellweger, Caroline Marshall

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Schistosomiasis is caused by parasitic flatworms (Schistosoma). The disease in humans can be caused by seven different species of Schistosoma: S. mansoni, S. japonicum, S. haematobium, S. malayensis, S. mekongi, S. guineensis and S. intercalatum, as well as by hybrids between species, including livestock schistosome species. People are infected when exposed to infested water and the parasite larvae penetrate the skin. Poor and rural communities are typically the most affected, and the general population who lives in affected areas and is exposed to contaminated water is at risk. Areas with poor access to safe water and adequate sanitation are also …


Cerebral Resistive Indices And Intraventricular Hemorrhage In Premature Neonates < 29 Weeks' Gestation: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study., Abhinav Pal, Dan Stewart, Kshama Ojha, Vesna Kriss, Craig Ziegler, Hannah Fischer Oct 2025

Cerebral Resistive Indices And Intraventricular Hemorrhage In Premature Neonates < 29 Weeks' Gestation: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study., Abhinav Pal, Dan Stewart, Kshama Ojha, Vesna Kriss, Craig Ziegler, Hannah Fischer

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: In extremely preterm newborns, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) greatly influences neurodevelopmental outcomes. Preterm newborns who later develop IVH might have altered cerebral blood flow (CBF) as measured by resistive index (RI) on Doppler ultrasound. Knowledge regarding RI in extremely premature infants remains limited.

OBJECTIVE: This pilot prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between early cerebral RI (within the first 36 h of life) and the occurrence of IVH in preterm infants born at <  29 weeks’ gestation.

METHODS: Prospective cohort study in which cranial Doppler was performed in preterm infants <  29 weeks at <  36 h of age and between 5 and 7 days of age. CBF velocities and RI were measured. Clinical and demographic factors were also assessed. Statistical analyses included Pearson’s chi-square exact test, independent

RESULTS: Of the 30 enrolled infants, 27% developed an IVH. RI and …


Monitoring The Laboratory Frequency For Musculoskeletal Infections At A Tertiary Care Children's Hospital: A Diagnostic Stewardship Qi Project, Kedar Tilak, Douglas Swanson, Christine Symes, Alaina N. Burns, Ann L. Wirtz, Rana El Feghaly Oct 2025

Monitoring The Laboratory Frequency For Musculoskeletal Infections At A Tertiary Care Children's Hospital: A Diagnostic Stewardship Qi Project, Kedar Tilak, Douglas Swanson, Christine Symes, Alaina N. Burns, Ann L. Wirtz, Rana El Feghaly

Posters

Patients with musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) undergo several laboratory tests. To promote laboratory stewardship, our Infectious diseases (ID) division recommended the following frequencies for labs: 1) C-reactive protein (CRP) every 2-3 days until >50% reduction while >3mg/dL, otherwise weekly until normal, 2) Sedimentation rate (ESR) at the start of therapy and end if > 20mm/hr initially, 3) Complete blood cell count (CBC) at the start of therapy and when transitioning to oral therapy if WBC is initially elevated. Baseline data showed that of 42 children evaluated between July 2023-May 2024, only 15 (35.7%) had a CBC and 13 (30.95%) had a CRP …


Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy Post-Operative Management At Children’S Mercy Kansas, Children's Mercy Kansas City Oct 2025

Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy Post-Operative Management At Children’S Mercy Kansas, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways

No abstract provided.


Perspective: Restoring Rest-The Critical Role Of Sleep In Foster Care Well-Being, Jill Mcleigh, Anna Wani, Likhita Shaik Oct 2025

Perspective: Restoring Rest-The Critical Role Of Sleep In Foster Care Well-Being, Jill Mcleigh, Anna Wani, Likhita Shaik

Health Status, Outcomes, and Literacy and Healthcare Utilization

In 2023, approximately 400,000 children were in foster care in the United States, a population disproportionately affected by trauma, instability, and systemic inequities.1 These children face chronic disruptions in sleep—an essential physiological process that underpins physical development, learning, emotional regulation, and overall health.²⁻⁴ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, are prevalent in this group and contribute to significant sleep disturbances through pathways of hyperarousal, stress dysregulation, and recurrent nightmares. 3,4 Understanding the interplay between foster care, social determinants of health (SDOH), and sleep health disparities highlights opportunities for targeted interventions to improve outcomes.

For questions about …


Combined Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance And Ph Testing In Infants And Young Children-A Narrative Review, Rochelle Sequeira Gomes, Sheeja Abraham, Michael Favara, Amy J. Sloane, Zubair H. Aghai Oct 2025

Combined Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance And Ph Testing In Infants And Young Children-A Narrative Review, Rochelle Sequeira Gomes, Sheeja Abraham, Michael Favara, Amy J. Sloane, Zubair H. Aghai

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in infants and young children, and thediagnosis and characterization of the disease continues to evolve in recent times. The typicalsymptoms thought to be related to GERD in young children are often nonspecific andubiquitous, underscoring the need for diagnostic testing in patients who have severe symptomsor complications related to GERD. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pHtesting (MII-pH) is a diagnostic tool that can be used to study the frequency andseverity of gastroesophageal reflux. Compared to other diagnostic devices, MII-pH hasthe advantage of detecting both acidic and alkaline reflux events, as well as allows the study …


Growth Measurements In Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia From A Hydroxyurea (Hydroxycarbamide) Treatment Trial Relative To Unaffected Sibling Controls, Dennis Kalibbala, Vincent Mboizi, Grace Nambatya, Susan Murungi, Joan Ashaba, Catherine Nabaggala, Lynnth Turyagyenda, Deogratias Munube, Phillip Kasirye, Robert Opoka Oct 2025

Growth Measurements In Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia From A Hydroxyurea (Hydroxycarbamide) Treatment Trial Relative To Unaffected Sibling Controls, Dennis Kalibbala, Vincent Mboizi, Grace Nambatya, Susan Murungi, Joan Ashaba, Catherine Nabaggala, Lynnth Turyagyenda, Deogratias Munube, Phillip Kasirye, Robert Opoka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

No abstract provided.


Spinal Cord Injury, Children's Mercy Kansas City Oct 2025

Spinal Cord Injury, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways

No abstract provided.


The Home Visiting Referral Quality Improvement Initiative (Thrive) Change Package, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez, Theresa Cruz, Rebecca Craig, Ivan De La Rosa Oct 2025

The Home Visiting Referral Quality Improvement Initiative (Thrive) Change Package, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez, Theresa Cruz, Rebecca Craig, Ivan De La Rosa

Population Health Research and Scholarship

Early childhood home visiting programs improve maternal and child health outcomes but remain underutilized. Healthcare providers are well-positioned to connect families to home visiting services; however, structural barriers in clinical settings limit consistent and effective referral practices. The Home Visiting Referral Quality Improvement Initiative (THRIVE) change package was developed to provide a starting point for addressing these challenges. The THRIVE change package outlines actionable improvement strategies to test, such as standardizing referral workflows, training clinical teams, and establishing relationships and feedback loops with home visiting programs. It offers a scalable approach to strengthening clinical–community linkages and improving family engagement with …


Circulation Of Respiratory Viruses From Air And Human Specimens In A Pre-Kindergarten-12th Grade School District In Kansas City, Mo, Nicole Neeley, Brian Lee, Brittney Fritschmann, Luke Gard, Nibha Sagar, Dithi Banerjee, Anjana Sasidharan, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Olivia Almendares, Hannah L. Kirking, Jennifer Goldman, Jennifer E. Schuster Oct 2025

Circulation Of Respiratory Viruses From Air And Human Specimens In A Pre-Kindergarten-12th Grade School District In Kansas City, Mo, Nicole Neeley, Brian Lee, Brittney Fritschmann, Luke Gard, Nibha Sagar, Dithi Banerjee, Anjana Sasidharan, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Olivia Almendares, Hannah L. Kirking, Jennifer Goldman, Jennifer E. Schuster

Posters

Background: Air sampling with respiratory virus testing in community settings may be a potential non-invasive, scalable method to monitor respiratory viruses. We performed an ecological analysis to describe the correlation between respiratory virus detections in air and human samples across all schools to evaluate the potential for air sampling as a tool for community-level surveillance. Methods: Knowledge of Infectious Diseases in Schools (School KIDS) is a voluntary respiratory virus surveillance program in a pre-kindergarten-12th grade public school district in Kansas City, MO. In 10 schools, students and staff collected anterior nasal swabs while at school, with optional on-demand swabbing when …


Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis: It’S Not Always What You Think, Gabriela M. Henriquez, Kedar Tilak, Douglas Swanson, Susana Chavez-Bueno Oct 2025

Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis: It’S Not Always What You Think, Gabriela M. Henriquez, Kedar Tilak, Douglas Swanson, Susana Chavez-Bueno

Posters

No abstract provided.