Medical Specialties Commons^™

A Comparative Study Of Cellular Diversity Between The Xenopus Pronephric And Mouse Metanephric Nephron, Mark E Corkins, Maryanne Achieng, Bridget D Delay, Vanja Krneta-Stankic, Margo P Cain, Brandy L Walker, Jichao Chen, Nils O Lindström, Rachel K Miller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The kidney is an essential organ that ensures bodily fluid homeostasis and removes soluble waste products from the organism. Nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, comprise a blood filter, the glomerulus or glomus, and an epithelial tubule that processes the filtrate from the blood or coelom and selectively reabsorbs solutes, such as sugars, proteins, ions, and water, leaving waste products to be eliminated in the urine. Genes coding for transporters are segmentally expressed, enabling the nephron to sequentially process the filtrate. The Xenopus embryonic kidney, the pronephros, which consists of a single large nephron, has served as a valuable …

Non-Pharmacologic Approaches To Treatment Of Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders, Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, Rhea Daniel, Fernando A Navarro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect up to 25% of children in the United States. These disorders are more recently known as disorders of "brain-gut" interaction. The diagnosis is based on the ROME IV criteria, and requires the absence of an organic condition to explain the symptoms. Although these disorders are not completely understood, several factors have been involved in the pathophysiology including disordered gut motility, visceral hypersensitivity, allergies, anxiety/stress, gastrointestinal infection/inflammation, as well dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. The pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for FAPDs are directed to modifying these pathophysiologic mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the non-pharmacologic …

The Economic Case For Hospital Discharge Services For People Experiencing Homelessness In England: An In-Depth Analysis With Different Service Configurations Providing Specialist Care, Joshua X Samuels, Jonathan J-M Calede, Robert M Hunt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dipodomyine heteromyids (kangaroo rats and mice) are a diverse group of arid-adapted ricochetal rodents of North America. Here, a new genus and species of a large dipodomyine is reported from early Miocene-aged deposits of the John Day Formation in Oregon that represents the earliest record of the subfamily. The taxon is known from a single specimen consisting of a nearly complete skull, dentary, partial pes, and caudal vertebra. The specimen is characterized by a mosaic of ancestral and highly derived cranial features of heteromyids. Specifically, the dental morphology and some cranial characteristics are similar to early heteromyids, but other aspects …

Intraventricular Endoscopy And Intraventricular Antibiotics In The Treatment Of Multiloculated Hydrocephalus With Ventriculitis In A Neonate And An Infant: Two Case Reports, Doriam Alejandrino Perera Valdivia, Luis Roberto Zapata Vega, Edgar Abraham Herrera Pérez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We present two pediatric cases, a neonate and an infant, who presented with treatment-refractory ventriculitis and multiloculated hydrocephalus treated with simultaneous intraventricular endoscopy and antibiotics. This is the first report of this combined therapy in children.

CASE DESCRIPTION: Using intraventricular endoscopic surgery and antibiotics, hydrocephalus was treated with a minimum number of ventricular shunt systems. In addition, treatment-refractory ventriculitis was treated in both patients using intraventricular antibiotics.

CONCLUSION: Endoscopic surgery and intraventricular antibiotic administration are useful strategies for treating multiloculated hydrocephalus and ventriculitis in children.

Evaluating The Relationship Of In Utero Nicotine Exposure With Hypoglycemia After Delivery: An Observational Study, Mary G Johnson, Robert Suchting, Lisa M Scheid, Lindsay N Holzapfel, Aditi Chalise, Angela L Stotts, John C Chapman, Amir M Khan, Thomas F Northrup

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Hypoglycemia in neonates is common and contributes to 4.0-5.8% of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. In utero nicotine exposure is underexplored as a potential contributor to neonatal hypoglycemia. Rat models have shown that in utero nicotine exposure can be associated with a reduction in pancreatic beta cell mass, leading to glucose dysregulation. The primary aim of this work is to study the risk of developing hypoglycemia after birth in a population of in utero nicotine-exposed neonates.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study that augmented an existing dataset of neonates admitted to a level IV NICU with …

Novel Psychiatric Disorder 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury In Children And Adolescents, Jeffrey E Max, Imogen Drake, Florin Vaida, John R Hesselink, Linda Ewing-Cobbs, Russell J Schachar, Sandra B Chapman, Erin D Bigler, Elisabeth A Wilde, Ann E Saunders, Tony T Yang, Olga Tymofiyeva, Harvey S Levin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors predictive of novel psychiatric disorders in the interval 0-6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODS: Children ages 5-14 years consecutively hospitalized for mild to severe TBI at five hospitals were recruited. Participants were evaluated at baseline (soon after injury) for pre-injury characteristics including psychiatric disorders, socioeconomic status (SES), psychosocial adversity, family function, family psychiatric history, and adaptive function. In addition to the psychosocial variables, injury severity and lesion location detected with acquisition of a research MRI were measured to develop a biopsychosocial predictive model for development of novel psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric outcome, including occurrence …

Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity: A Consequence Of More Fundamental Learning Rules, Matthew E Foster, Ai Leen Choo, Sara A Smith

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Research points to negative associations between educational success, socioemotional functioning, and the severity of symptoms in some speech-language disorders (SLDs). Nonetheless, the majority of studies examining SLDs in children have focused on monolinguals. More research is needed to determine whether the scant findings among multilinguals are robust. The present study used parent report data from the U.S. National Survey of Children’s Health (2018 to 2020) to gain a better understanding of the impacts of SLD severity on indicators of academic success and socioemotional functioning among multilingual (n = 255) and English monolingual (n = 5,952) children with SLDs. …

An Individual Data-Driven Virtual Resection Model Based On Epileptic Network Dynamics In Children With Intractable Epilepsy: A Magnetoencephalography Interictal Activity Application, Pablo Cuesta, Ricardo Bruña, Ekta Shah, Christopher Laohathai, Stephanie Garcia-Tarodo, Michael Funke, Gretchen Von Allmen, Fernando Maestú

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Epilepsy surgery continues to be a recommended treatment for intractable (medication-resistant) epilepsy; however, 30-70% of epilepsy surgery patients can continue to have seizures. Surgical failures are often associated with incomplete resection or inaccurate localization of the epileptogenic zone. This retrospective study aims to improve surgical outcome through in silico testing of surgical hypotheses through a personalized computational neurosurgery model created from individualized patient's magnetoencephalography recording and MRI. The framework assesses the extent of the epileptic network and evaluates underlying spike dynamics, resulting in identification of one single brain volume as a candidate for resection. Dynamic-locked networks were utilized for virtual …

Noise Characteristics In Spaceflight Multichannel Eeg, Patrique Fiedler, Jens Haueisen, Ana M Cebolla Alvarez, Guy Cheron, Pablo Cuesta, Fernando Maestú, Michael Funke

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The cognitive performance of the crew has a major impact on mission safety and success in space flight. Monitoring of cognitive performance during long-duration space flight therefore is of paramount importance and can be performed using compact state-of-the-art mobile EEG. However, signal quality of EEG may be compromised due to the vicinity to various electronic devices and constant movements. We compare noise characteristics between in-flight extraterrestrial microgravity and ground-level terrestrial electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. EEG data recordings from either aboard International Space Station (ISS) or on earth's surface, utilizing three EEG amplifiers and two electrode types, were compared. In-flight recordings showed …

Containment Measures During The Covid Pandemic: The Role Of Non-Pharmaceutical Health Policies, Michael Funke, Tai-Kuang Ho, Andrew Tsang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Many countries have imposed a set of non-pharmaceutical health policy interventions in an effort to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of the interventions, drawing on evidence from the OECD countries. A special feature here is the mechanism that underlies the impact of the containment policies. To this end, a causal mediation analysis decomposing the total effect into a direct and an indirect effect is conducted. The key finding is a dual cause-effect channel. On the one hand, there is a direct effect of the non-pharmaceutical interventions on the …

Delayed Presentation Of Berardinelli-Siep Lipodystrophy In An Adolescent Female, Courtney Cleary, Nadine Gordon, Sheela Gavvala

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Berardinelli-Siep syndrome (BSS) is a form of congenital generalized lipodystrophy that disrupts the pathways of lipid metabolism. It presents with physical exam findings, including muscular hypertrophy and lipoatrophy as well as serious metabolic consequences such as diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, acute pancreatitis, hepatomegaly, and hepatic steatosis. Diagnosis generally occurs soon after birth or in childhood. The case presented is significant for a delayed diagnosis of suspected BSS Type 1 which is rather uncommon in a developed country. Due to the detrimental complications of BSS, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pancreatitis, and liver disease, early diagnosis and intervention are crucial. Pediatric providers must …

Comparison Of Two Lipid Emulsions On The Incidence Of Parenteral Nutrition Associated Cholestasis In Neonates, Joy Greenberg, Mamta Naik, John Chapman, Allison Davidson, Essam Imseis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Lipid emulsion contributes to parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC). For decades, soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion (SO-ILE) was the predominant product. Recently, a multicomponent lipid emulsion containing soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil and fish oil (SMOF-ILE) has been used off-label in neonatal care. This study evaluates the incidence of PNAC in neonates who received SMOF-ILE or SO-ILE.

METHODS: This was a retrospective review of neonates who received SMOF-ILE or SO-ILE for at least 14 days. Patients receiving SMOF-ILE were matched based on gestational age (GA) and birth weight to a historical cohort receiving SO-ILE. The primary outcomes were …

Not Just A Pain: A Medical Simulation Case About Biased Communication And Osteomyelitis In Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia, Adeola A Kosoko, Yakira R Alford, Karl A Upplegger, Gowri S Stevens

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction

Biases in communication can be harmful to patient perceptions of care and the medical team's decision-making. Optimal communication must be taught and practiced similarly to the optimal management of the complex medical conditions associated with sickle cell disease (SCD). This simulation is designed to teach about biases, optimizing communication to and about a patient with SCD, and appropriately diagnosing and managing pediatric osteomyelitis as a complication of SCD.

Methods

We designed and implemented a simulation case targeting emergency medicine residents and fellows to raise awareness about biases associated with SCD care and the complication of osteomyelitis in children with …

Family-Level Antecedents Of Children's Patterns Of Reactivity To Interparental Conflict: Testing The Reformulation Of Emotional Security Theory, Patrick T Davies, Joanna K Pearson, Vanessa T Cao, Melissa L Sturge-Apple

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Guided by emotional security theory, this study examined the family-level antecedents of children's reaction patterns to interparental conflict in a sample of 243 preschool children (M age = 4.60 years; 48% Black; 16% Latinx; 56% girls) and their parents in the Northeastern United States. Behavioral observations of children's responses to interparental conflict over two annual measurement occasions assessed their tendencies to exhibit four patterns of defending against threat: secure (i.e., efficiently address direct threats), mobilizing (i.e., high reactivity to potential threat and social opportunities), dominant (i.e., directly defeat threat), and demobilizing (i.e., reduce salience as a target of hostility). …

Establishing A Pediatric Acute Stroke Protocol: Experience Of A New Pediatric Stroke Program And Predictors Of Acute Stroke, Kamal Phelps, Christin Silos, Susan De La Torre, Amee Moreno, Robert Lapus, Nipa Sanghani, Mary Koenig, Sean Savitz, Charles Green, Stuart Fraser

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric stroke is among the top 10 causes of death in pediatrics. Rapid recognition and treatment can improve outcomes in select patients, as evidenced by recent retrospective studies in pediatric thrombectomy. We established a collaborative protocol involving the vascular neurology and pediatric neurology division in our institution to rapidly diagnose and treat pediatric suspected stroke. We also prospectively collected data to attempt to identify predictors of acute stroke in pediatric patients.

METHODS: IRB approval was obtained to prospectively collect clinical data on pediatric code stroke activations based on timing metrics in resident-physician note templates. The protocol emphasized magnetic resonance …

Survival Predictive Nomograms For Non-Surgical Brain Metastases Patients From Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy: A Population-Based Study, Nicole K Sather, Lauren E Zinns, Gillian Brennan, Lily Guo, Nadia Khan, Vinod Havalad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend debriefing following medical resuscitations to improve patient outcomes. The goal of this study was to describe national trends in postresuscitation debriefing practices among pediatric critical care medicine (PCCM) fellows to identify potential gaps in fellow education.

METHODS: A 13-item survey was distributed to fellows in all 76 ACGME-accredited PCCM programs in the United States in the spring of 2021. The online survey addressed frequency and timing of debriefings following medical resuscitations, whether formal training is provided, which medical professionals are present, and providers' comfort level leading a debriefing. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: A …

Incidental Detection Of A Rare Pediatric High-Grade Fibrosarcoma In A Post-Traumatic Setting: The Conundrum Of Intra-Abdominal Hematoma Versus Neoplasia, Kamand Khalaj, Nikoo Fattahi, Allen C Omo-Ogboi, Jaiyeola O Thomas-Ogunniyi, Olanrewaju A Ogunleye, Ashish Khanal, Larry A Kramer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Infantile fibrosarcoma (IF) is a rare malignant fibroblastic tumor that affects infants and young children, occurring most commonly in the extremities. Here, we present a 14-year-old patient with an abdominal mass incidentally detected after a blunt injury to the abdomen. The initial trauma protocol CT revealed a high attenuation mesenteric lesion in the left central abdomen suggestive of mesenteric hematoma. However, the possibility of a solid neoplastic mass lesion could not be excluded. Further evaluation with dynamic contrast-enhanced serial MRI showed a progressive enhancing mass and excluded a hyperacute hematoma with active bleeding. The mass was resected, and histopathological examination …

Childhood Acute Poisoning At Haiphong Children's Hospital: A 10-Year Retrospective Study, Sang Ngoc Nguyen, Lam Tung Vu, Ha Thai Nguyen, Le My Thi Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Children are most often harmed by acute poisoning, which may cause disability or even death. This demonstrates the critical necessity for epidemiologic studies specific to each nation and area since they aid in developing plans for the prevention of acute poisoning. There are no data or outdated data on acute poisoning in children in Vietnam. This research would partly fill this existing gap and compare the trend with other places across the globe.

METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the 10-year period from 2012 to 2021 in Haiphong Children's Hospital, Vietnam.

RESULTS: There were 771 children hospitalized due …

Pediatric Diarrhea Patients Living In Urban Areas Have A Higher Incidence Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection, Ayodele T Adesoji, Osaro Mgbere, Charles Darkoh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and an unappreciated contributor to child mortality in low- and middle-income countries where the diagnosis may be difficult. There is little information about the prevalence of CDI among infants, children, and adolescents in Africa. Using a cross-sectional design, seventy-six samples were collected from pediatric patients presenting with diarrhea, including infants (≤ 2 years old), children (2-12 years), and adolescents (13 ≤17 years) from three hospitals between January and December 2019. Demographic data, medical history, and prior antibiotic use were recorded. Toxigenic culture and PCR were used to detect and …

A Comparison Of Chief Complaints, Specific Diagnoses, And Demographics Of Pediatric Urgent Care Visits Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study, Zaharoula A. Viennas, Julie Martin, Benjamin Klick, Tammy Speerhas, Turaj Vazifedan, Danielle Millspaugh, Jennifer Ferris, Margret Bedle, Lauren Paluch, Theresa Guins

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

There was an increased incidence of pediatric patients who presented with injuries caused by falls not related to sports or other recreational activities, as well as for animal bites, during the early pandemic period of April 2020. Education of parents and caregivers of young children is warranted to raise awareness of the even greater potential for falls and animal bites when children are confined at home for longer than typical periods of time, as occurred with the stay-at-home government orders during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

When Seeing Is Believing: A Framework For Reflective Conversations In Remote And Face-To-Face Coaching Approaches, Cheryl Varghese, April Crawford, Linda Morgan-Dorsey, Maram Ahmed, Laura Prendergast, Tracy Osborn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Reflective conversations between teachers and coaches are critical to helping teachers improve their classroom instruction. Coaches who encourage teachers to "see, think, and do" are better able to facilitate meaningful reflective conversations with teachers. The "See, Think, Do" framework consists of six steps (observe, describe, process, analyze, draw conclusions, and plan) that can be used to help coaches engage in reflective conversations with teachers. The framework can be readily implemented in remote and face-to-face coaching modalities and in one-on-one and small group delivery formats. Suggestions and strategies for implementing the framework in ongoing coach-teacher conversations are provided.

Feasibility Of And Experience Using A Portable Mri Scanner In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit., Maura Sien, Amie L. Robinson, Houchun H. Hu, Christopher R. Nitkin, Ara Hall, Marcie G. Files, Nathan S. Artz, John T. Pitts, Sherwin S. Chan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: A portable, low-field MRI system is now Food and Drug Administration cleared and has been shown to be safe and useful in adult intensive care unit settings. No neonatal studies have been performed. The objective is to assess our preliminary experience and assess feasibility of using the portable MRI system at the bedside in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a quaternary children's hospital.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a single-site prospective cohort study in neonates ≥2 kg conducted between October and December 2020. All parents provided informed consent. Neonates underwent portable MRI examination in the NICU with support …

Something Smells Fishy: How Lipid Mediators Impact The Maternal-Fetal Interface And Neonatal Development, Maranda Thompson, Arzu Ulu, Maheswari Mukherjee, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes, Melissa K. Thoene, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Teri Mauch, Ann Anderson-Berry, Corrine K. Hanson, Tara M. Nordgren, Sathish Kumar Natarajan

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Normal pregnancy relies on inflammation for implantation, placentation, and parturition, but uncontrolled inflammation can lead to poor maternal and infant outcomes. Maternal diet is one modifiable factor that can impact inflammation. Omega-3 and -6 fatty acids obtained through the diet are metabolized into bioactive compounds that effect inflammation. Recent evidence has shown that the downstream products of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids may influence physiology during pregnancy. In this review, the current knowledge relating to omega-3 and omega-6 metabolites during pregnancy will be summarized.

Ventricular Tachycardia In A Pediatric Patient With High-Risk Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura, Taylor J. Kratochvil, Jeffrey A. Robinson

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

An 8-year-old previously healthy male was diagnosed with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and increased serum cardiac troponin I. Telemetry recorded non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, without ST-segment changes or other abnormalities on serial electrocardiogram. This case illustrates that cardiac monitoring by telemetry should be considered in high-risk TTP with elevated cardiac troponin.

Retinol And Pro-Vitamin A Carotenoid Nutritional Status During Pregnancy Is Associated With Newborn Hearing Screen Results, Rebecca Slotkowski, Matthew Van Ormer, Anum Akbar, Olivia Paetz, Taija Hahka, Maranda Thompson, Alyssa Freeman, Alexandra Hergenrader, Sarah Sweeney, Zeljka Korade, Thiago Genaro-Mattos, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

The prenatal period is critical for auditory development; thus, prenatal influences on auditory development may significantly impact long-term hearing ability. While previous studies identified a protective effect of carotenoids on adult hearing, the impact of these nutrients on hearing outcomes in neonates is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal and umbilical cord plasma retinol and carotenoid concentrations and abnormal newborn hearing screen (NHS) results. Mother-infant dyads (n = 546) were enrolled at delivery. Plasma samples were analyzed using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. NHS results were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis …

Plasma Retinol Concentrations And Dietary Intakes Of Mother-Infant Sets In Singleton Versus Twin Pregnancy, Anum Akbar, Sarah Duvall, Matthew Van Ormer, Rebecca Slotkowski, Taija Hahka, Thiago Genaro-Mattos, Zeljka Korade, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Vitamin A (retinol) is essential for normal fetal development, but the recommendation for maternal dietary intake (Retinol Activity Equivalent, RAE) does not differ for singleton vs. twin pregnancy, despite the limited evaluation of retinol status. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate plasma retinol concentrations and deficiency status in mother-infant sets from singleton vs. twin pregnancies as well as maternal RAE intake. A total of 21 mother-infant sets were included (14 singleton, 7 twin). The HPLC and LC-MS/HS evaluated the plasma retinol concentration, and data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Plasma retinol was significantly lower in twin vs. singleton …

Evaluation Of Vitamin E Isoforms In Placental Tissue And Their Relationship With Maternal Dietary Intake And Plasma Concentrations In Mother-Infant Dyads, Ishani Jhamb, Alyssa Freeman, Michelle R. Lotfi, Matthew Van Ormer, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry, Melissa K. Thoene

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

α-tocopherol is a vitamin E isoform with potent antioxidant activity, while the γ-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E exerts more pro-inflammatory effects. In maternal-fetal environments, increased plasma α-tocopherol concentrations are associated with positive birth outcomes, while higher γ-tocopherol concentrations are linked with negative pregnancy outcomes. However, little is known about tocopherol concentrations in placental tissue and their role in modulating placental oxidative stress, a process that is implicated in many complications of pregnancy. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the concentrations of α- and γ-tocopherol in placental tissue and assess relationships with maternal and umbilical cord plasma concentrations. A …

The Relationship Between Nutrition, Gut Dysbiosis, And Pediatric Sickle Cell Pain Outcomes: A Pilot Study, Chinenye R. Dike, Corrine K. Hanson, Dele Davies, Stephen Obaro, Fang Yu, James L. Harper, Helen Grace, Jeffrey Lebensburger, Chittalsinh M. Raulji, Jihyun Ma, Peter Mannon

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

BACKGROUND: Nutritional deficiencies are prevalent in sickle cell disease (SCD) and may be associated with worse pain outcomes. Gut dysbiosis has been reported in patients with SCD and may contribute to both nutritional deficiencies and pain.

OBJECTIVES: We tested the association of nutrition, fat-soluble vitamin (FSV) deficiency, and gut microbiome composition on clinical outcomes in SCD. Second, we measured the association between diet and exocrine pancreatic function on FSV levels.

METHODS: Using case control design, we enrolled children with SCD (n = 24) and matched healthy controls (HC; n = 17, age, sex, race/ethnicity). Descriptive statistics summarized demographic and clinical …

Patient-Specific Analysis Of Aortic Hemodynamics And Wall Shear Stresses In Patients Undergoing Pediatric Bariatric Surgery Using 2d Phase-Contrast Mri, Oluwaferanmi S. Akande, Joao Soares, Nathan Hargan, Dr. Uyen Truong, Haeung Kang, David Lanning

UROP Posters

Patient-Specific Analysis of Aortic Hemodynamics and Wall Shear Stresses in Patients Undergoing Pediatric Bariatric Surgery using 2D Phase-Contrast MRI

Feranmi Akande¹ Nathan Hargan² Haesung Kang³ David Lanning³ Uyen Truong⁴ João S. Soares¹

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University

² Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University

³ Department of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University

Introduction: Severe obesity among today’s youth is a rising epidemic within the United States. Emerging research has linked childhood obesity with shortened life expectancy and early …

Family Structure And Child Behavior Problems In Australia, The United Kingdom, And The United States, Nina A. Stoddard-Bennett, Jordan Coburn, Mikaela J. Dufur, Jonathan A. Jarvis, Shana L. Pribesh

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

A large body of literature suggests that children living with two married, biological parents on average have fewer behavior problems than those who do not. What is less clear is why this occurs. Competing theories suggest that resource deficiencies and parental selectivity play a part. We suggest that examining different contexts can help adjudicate among different theoretical explanations as to how family structure relates to child behavior problems. In this paper, we use data from the Growing Up in Australia: Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), and the US Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-K) …