Medical Specialties Commons^™

Evaluating Maternal Drug Use Disparities, Risk Factors And Outcomes In Northeast Arkansas: A Pre, During, And Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Analysis., Enrique Gomez Pomar, Johnna Berryhill, Sudeepa Bhattacharyya

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The use of addictive substances remains a major health problem in the U.S. An increase in drug overdose and mortality was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in underserved populations. This surge also impacted pregnant women especially with the use of marijuana (THC) and opioids.

METHODS: Retrospective study analyzing mother-infant dyads with reported Meconium Drug Screen (MDS) results, from January 2018 through April 2023 at a reference hospital serving an urban and rural area of Arkansas. Due to the absence of universal screening, the prevalence of drug use was variable during the study period. An adjusted monthly positive rate …

Evaluating Maternal Drug Use Disparities, Risk Factors And Outcomes In Northeast Arkansas: A Pre, During, And Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Analysis., Enrique Gomez Pomar, Johnna Berryhill, Sudeepa Bhattacharyya

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The use of addictive substances remains a major health problem in the U.S. An increase in drug overdose and mortality was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in underserved populations. This surge also impacted pregnant women especially with the use of marijuana (THC) and opioids.

METHODS: Retrospective study analyzing mother-infant dyads with reported Meconium Drug Screen (MDS) results, from January 2018 through April 2023 at a reference hospital serving an urban and rural area of Arkansas. Due to the absence of universal screening, the prevalence of drug use was variable during the study period. An adjusted monthly positive rate …

Evaluating Maternal Drug Use Disparities, Risk Factors And Outcomes In Northeast Arkansas: A Pre, During, And Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Analysis., Enrique Gomez Pomar, Johnna Berryhill, Sudeepa Bhattacharyya

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The use of addictive substances remains a major health problem in the U.S. An increase in drug overdose and mortality was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in underserved populations. This surge also impacted pregnant women especially with the use of marijuana (THC) and opioids.

METHODS: Retrospective study analyzing mother-infant dyads with reported Meconium Drug Screen (MDS) results, from January 2018 through April 2023 at a reference hospital serving an urban and rural area of Arkansas. Due to the absence of universal screening, the prevalence of drug use was variable during the study period. An adjusted monthly positive rate …

A Rare Case Of Adolescent Epiglottitis Secondary To Streptococcus Dysgalactiae Septicemia., Kedar Tilak, Mohamed Aashiq Abdul Ghayum, Douglas Swanson, Rana El Feghaly

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Streptococcus dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae)is a relatively uncommon pathogen in the pediatric populations, often overshadowed by Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes)in causing diseases such as cellulitis, severe seep tissue necrotizing infections, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. This case report presents the case of a 15-year-old recent immigrant male patient from Egypt who developed an extensive neck infection with complications from S. dysgalactiae septicemia. Initially misdiagnosed as viral pharyngitis, the patient was later admitted with high fevers, dysphagia, and progressive respiratory distress. Imaging revealed widespread inflammatory changes, including cellulitis, epiglottitis, and lymphadenopathy. Despite prompt antibiotic therapy, the patient required …

Novel Intraoperative Applications Of Fluorescence Imaging Using Indocyanine Green In Pediatric Urology, Albert S T Lee, Ching Man Carmen Tong

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF) with the use of indocyanine green (ICG) has been recently adopted in pediatric urology after its well-published use in the adult population. As a powerful tool that can help delineate complex anatomy and congenital anomalies, we discuss the various applications of this imaging in minimally invasive and open surgery in pediatric urology.

RECENT FINDINGS: The most reported applications of ICG in pediatric urology are within minimally invasive surgery, particularly varicoceles, renal surgery such as nephrectomies and renal tumor excision, mimicking its use in adult urology. ICG has also been applied to reconstructive urology …

Acute Mecp2 Loss In Adult Mice Reveals Transcriptional And Chromatin Changes That Precede Neurological Dysfunction And Inform Pathogenesis, Sameer S Bajikar, Jian Zhou, Ryan O'Hara, Harini P Tirumala, Mark A Durham, Alexander J Trostle, Michelle Dias, Yingyao Shao, Hu Chen, Wei Wang, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili, Ying-Wooi Wan, Laura A Banaszynski, Zhandong Liu, Huda Y Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mutations in the X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene cause Rett syndrome, a severe childhood neurological disorder. MeCP2 is a well-established transcriptional repressor, yet upon its loss, hundreds of genes are dysregulated in both directions. To understand what drives such dysregulation, we deleted Mecp2 in adult mice, circumventing developmental contributions and secondary pathogenesis. We performed time series transcriptional, chromatin, and phenotypic analyses of the hippocampus to determine the immediate consequences of MeCP2 loss and the cascade of pathogenesis. We find that loss of MeCP2 causes immediate and bidirectional progressive dysregulation of the transcriptome. To understand what drives gene downregulation, we …

The Usefulness Of 3d Heart Models As A Tool Of Congenital Heart Disease Education: A Narrative Review, Raghad Abdulaziz Alhojailan, Reghd Husain M Alkhalifah, Bana Albani, Majed Wadi

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) heart models as teaching tools for congenital heart disease (CHD), addressing the limitations of traditional medical education methods. Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scientific Direct and Scopus databases. Relevant articles were screened and selected based on their discussion of the application of 3D models in CHD education. Results: The comprehensive review of 19 studies revealed that 3D heart models provide students, healthcare professionals, and patients with meaningful experiences that significantly enhance understanding and learning outcomes. These models improve …

Immunogenicity And Reactogenicity Of High- Or Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine In A Second Consecutive Influenza Season., Hannah Bahakel, Andrew J. Spieker, Haya Hayek, Jennifer E. Schuster, Lubna Hamdan, Daniel E. Dulek, Carrie L. Kitko, Tess Stopczynski, Einas Batarseh, Zaid Haddadin, Laura S. Stewart, Anna Stahl, Molly Potter, Herdi Rahman, Justin Amarin, Spyros A. Kalams, Claire E. Bocchini, Elizabeth A. Moulton, Susan E. Coffin, Monica I. Ardura, Rachel L. Wattier, Gabriela Maron, Michael Grimley, Grant Paulsen, Christopher J. Harrison, Jason Freedman, Paul A. Carpenter, Janet A. Englund, Flor M. Munoz, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Natasha Halasa, Pediatric Hct Flu Study

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients are at high risk for morbidity from influenza virus infection. We demonstrated in a primary phase 2 randomized controlled trial that 2 post-HCT doses of high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-TIV) given 4 weeks apart were more immunogenic than 2 doses of standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (SD-QIV). Herein, we present the immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccination in a consecutive season post-HCT using the same dosing regimen.

METHODS: A subcohort of study participants reenrolled and had hemagglutinin inhibition titers measured at baseline and 4 weeks after each vaccine dose in year 2. We estimated …

Neonatal Care In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Fresh Look, Ola D. Saugstad, Joy E. Lawn, Peter Waiswa, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Institute for Global Health and Development

No abstract provided.

Most Infants With Prenatal Osteogenesis Imperfecta Diagnosis And Poor Prognosis Survive: Experience Of A Quaternary Care Osteogenesis Imperfecta Center, Ricki S. Carroll, Sarah Little, Tina Mcgreal, Shannon Bonner, Daria Willis, Jeanne M. Franzone, Jeffery Campbell, Margaret Chou, Megan B. Raymond, Andrea Schelhaas, Joanna Costa, Mahim Jain

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic condition with improperly or inadequately produced Type I collagen. Manifestations include bowing deformities, fractures, hydrocephalus, respiratory insufficiency, and feeding difficulty. Moderate or severe OI is often diagnosed prenatally based on ultrasound findings and genetic testing may be labeled as lethal. Here, we present 18 infants with moderate to severely presenting OI who received neonatal care at a single center over a 5 yr period, 10 of which were delivered at our institution. All 18 infants survived to neonatal discharge, with 7 infants requiring respiratory support and 9 infants requiring feeding support at discharge. Through Fisher …

Dairy Consumption And The Colonic Mucosa-Associated Gut Microbiota In Humans-A Preliminary Investigation, Ellie Chen, Nadim J Ajami, Donna L White, Yanhong Liu, Shawn Gurwara, Kristi Hoffman, David Y Graham, Hashem B El-Serag, Joseph F Petrosino, Li Jiao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Dairy consumption has been associated with various health outcomes that may be mediated by changes in gut microbiota.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the colonic mucosa-associated gut microbiota and the self-reported intake of total dairy, milk, cheese, and yogurt. A total of 97 colonic mucosal biopsies collected from 34 polyp-free individuals were analyzed. Dairy consumption in the past year was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The 16S rRNA gene V4 region was amplified and sequenced. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classification was performed using the UPARSE and SILVA databases. OTU diversity and relative abundance were compared …

Covid-19- In Children Evidence For Treatment With Remdesivir, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Critically Appraised Topics

No abstract provided.

Ultralow-Field Mri Feasibility In Pediatric Ecmo Patients, Jessica S. Wallisch, Asdis Finnsdottir Wagner, Maura Sien, John M. Daniel Iv, Allison Taber, Nathan S. Artz, Sherwin S. Chan

Presentations

INTRODUCTION Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to treat refractory cardiopulmonary failure. Survival has significantly improved, yet high rates of acute brain injury (ABI) in this population results in significant morbidity and mortality. Currently available imaging modalities [ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT)] have low detection of early hypoxic-ischemic and cerebrovascular-type injuries, which delays the diagnosis of ABI while on ECMO. CT sensitivity increases only when it is too late to effectively intervene. High-field (>=1.5 Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard to diagnose pediatric ischemic brain injury but is not compatible with ECMO. An ultralow-field (0.064 T) …

A Case Of Heterotaxy And Common Atrioventricular Canal With Bradycardia, Mohamed Aashiq Abdul Ghayum, Jenna Schermerhorn, Hayley S. Hancock, Kelsey Brattrud, Melanie Kathol, Maria Kiaffas

Posters

Background: Heterotaxy-polysplenia syndrome (otherwise known as left atrial isomerism) should be suspected in the presence of complete atrioventricular canal defect (CAVC) with interruption of the inferior vena cava (IVC), atrioventricular block (AVB), and viscero-cardiac heterotaxy. The prognosis remains dismal for the fetus with such entity, especially in the presence of major structural heart disease and high-grade atrioventricular block. Early diagnosis, close follow up, and appropriate delivery planning, allows for effective stabilization of the baby after birth and might improve survival. Methods: A 26-year-old mother at 26 weeks gestational age was referred for cardiac evaluation of cardiomegaly, suspected CAVC and bradycardia. …

Prediction Of Lacosamide Concentrations To Support Dose Optimization During Pregnancy, Jessica M. Barry, Sílvia M. Illamola, Page B. Pennell, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Kimford J. Meador, Angela K. Birnbaum

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Objective: We aimed to quantify and predict lacosamide exposure during pregnancy by developing a pregnancy physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model, allowing the prediction of potential dose increases to support maintaining a patient's preconception lacosamide concentrations. Methods: Models for nonpregnant adults and pregnant female patients were constructed using physiochemical and pharmacological parameters identified from literature review. Evaluation of plasma concentration data from human males was digitized froM.T.he literature. Concentration data in nonpregnant and pregnant human females were available froM.T.he Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (MONEAD) study, a longitudinal observational study which followed 11 nonpregnant and 16 pregnant women receiving lacosamide. …

Pharmacokinetic Effect Of Disease Severity And Use Of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation In Critically Ill Asian Patients Receiving Vancomycin, Charul Avachat, Pi Lien Hung, Angela K. Birnbaum, Daniel P. Healy, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Alex C. Lin

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Purpose: Vancomycin is an essential antibiotic for the treatment of severe gram-positive bacterial infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In critically ill patients, particularly children, attaining the appropriate dosage is crucial to avert drug resistance and ensure therapeutic efficacy. This study sought to investigate the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill Asian pediatric patients and evaluate the influence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and disease severity on vancomycin clearance. Methods: This retrospective analysis examined data from 90 critically ill Asian patients residing in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, encompassing 263 data points gathered over 2 years. A one-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination …

Common Pulmonary Vein Atresia: A Diagnostic And Management Distinction, Adenike Adenikinju, Jenna Schermerhorn, Anmol Goyal, William Douglas, Sanket Shah

Posters

Common pulmonary vein atresia (CPVA) is an extremely rare congenital heart disease (CHD) characterized by a pulmonary vein confluence with no connection to the left atrium (LA) and no large decompressing vessel. We present a rare case of CPVA prognosticated with multimodal imaging.

Amputation Eras, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways

No abstract provided.

Air Pollution Exposures In Early Life And Brain Development In Children (Abc): Protocol For A Pregnancy Cohort Study, Sarah Benki-Nugent, Faridah H. Were, Anne M Riederer, Michael Gatari, Cj Karr, Edmund Yw Seto, Beatrice C. Mutai, Susan Wamithi, Brent R. Collett, John Kinuthia

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Introduction Air pollution is linked with poor neurodevelopment in high-income countries. Comparable data are scant for low-income countries, where exposures are higher. Longitudinal pregnancy cohort studies are optimal for individual exposure assessment during critical windows of brain development and examination of neurodevelopment. This study aims to determine the association between prenatal ambient air pollutant exposure and neurodevelopment in children aged 12, 24 and 36 months through a collaborative, capacity-enriching research partnership.

Methods and analysis This observational cohort study is based in Nairobi, Kenya. Eligibility criteria are singleton pregnancy, no severe pregnancy complications and maternal age 18 to 40 years. At …

Cytomegalovirus Reactivation And Acute And Chronic Complications In Children With Cerebral Malaria: A Prospective Cohort Study, Jonathan A. A. Mayhew, Andrew J. Witten, Caitlin A. Bond, Robert Opoka, Paul Bangirana, Andrea L. Conroy, Nelmary Hernandez-Alvarado, Mark R. Schleiss, Chandy C. John C. John

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Virus co-infection or reactivation may modify the host response during cerebral malaria. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in adults with sepsis; however, the impact of CMV DNAemia on adverse outcomes in children with cerebral malaria is unknown.: Clinical, physiological, and neurocognitive outcomes were compared in children aged 18 months to 12 years with cerebral malaria (N = 242) based on the presence or absence of CMV DNAemia 24 h after admission. The primary study outcome was subsequent in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the presence of acute kidney injury, neurocognitive impairment over a …

Gestational Weight Gain And Increased Risk Of Cesarean Delivery Across Body Mass Index Categories., Pearl A Mcelfish, Britni L Ayers, Nicola L Hawley, Aaron Caldwell, Austin Porter, Michael D Macechko, Donya Watson, Jennifer A Callaghan-Koru, James P Selig, Jennifer A Andersen, Nirvana Manning, Lanita White, Enrique Gomez-Pomar, Clare C Brown

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Unnecessary cesarean delivery can have negative implications for both mothers and infants. In the United States, the proportion of women undergoing cesarean delivery exceeds the acceptable World Health Organization proportion. Reducing cesarean deliveries is a national goal of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Healthy People 2030, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine if excessive gestational weight gain is associated with increased risk of cesarean delivery across multiple body mass index categories.

STUDY DESIGN: Analysis was conducted using vital records data from the National …

Gestational Weight Gain And Increased Risk Of Cesarean Delivery Across Body Mass Index Categories., Pearl A Mcelfish, Britni L Ayers, Nicola L Hawley, Aaron Caldwell, Austin Porter, Michael D Macechko, Donya Watson, Jennifer A Callaghan-Koru, James P Selig, Jennifer A Andersen, Nirvana Manning, Lanita White, Enrique Gomez-Pomar, Clare C Brown

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Unnecessary cesarean delivery can have negative implications for both mothers and infants. In the United States, the proportion of women undergoing cesarean delivery exceeds the acceptable World Health Organization proportion. Reducing cesarean deliveries is a national goal of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Healthy People 2030, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine if excessive gestational weight gain is associated with increased risk of cesarean delivery across multiple body mass index categories.

STUDY DESIGN: Analysis was conducted using vital records data from the National …

Ecmo In Pediatric Oncologic And Hsct Patients: A Descriptive And Comparative Analysis, Michelle Brown

Presentations

Introduction: Pediatric oncologic and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are vulnerable to development of respiratory failure due to chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and immunosuppression. Yet, providing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in these patient populations remains controversial with heterogenous utilization across pediatric institutions. The aim of this study is to characterize and compare outcomes in pediatric oncologic and HSCT patients with respiratory failure in the presence and absence of ECMO support. Methods: This study was a retrospective matched comparative analysis between two tertiary care pediatric institutions. Patients less than 18 years old with an underlying oncologic diagnosis and/or HSCT with …

D-Transposition Of The Great Arteries With Right Aortic Arch, Bilateral Ductus With Ductal Origin Of The Left Subclavian Artery And Abnormal Aortic Origin Of The Left Coronary Artery, Jenna Schermerhorn, Anmol Goyal, Param Vora, Braidyn Wells, Edo Bedzra, Sanket Shah

Posters

We present a case of prenatally diagnosed d-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) with intact ventricular septum (IVS), postnatally found to have bilateral patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with potential for isolation of the left subclavian artery (LSA) and an abnormal left coronary artery (LCA) course. Isolation of the LSA is a rare occurrence and defined as an anomalous origin from the pulmonary artery via PDA and apparent discontinuation from the arch following PDA closure. It is exceedingly rare in association with d-TGA. Coronary artery anatomy is particularly important in d-TGA given most patients undergo the arterial switch operation (ASO).

Duration Of Labor And Umbilical Artery Acidosis In Critical Congenital Heart Disease, Sarah Gwazdacz, Teresa Nguyen, Henry Yeh, Mary T. Donofrio, Timothy Bennett, Amanda Mcintosh

Posters

• Background (83 words): Standard delivery protocols for most prenatally diagnosed CCHD is induction of labor at 39 weeks with aims of a vaginal delivery (VD) near a tertiary care center. There is no benefit to planned Cesarean delivery (CD) over VD for most infants with CCHD. However, longer durations of labor (DOL) in CCHD have been described as a risk factor for umbilical artery (UA) acidosis. We aim to describe the relationship between DOL and UA pH and neonatal outcomes in those with prenatally diagnosed CCHD. • Methods (150 words): Retrospective chart review of prenatally diagnosed with CCHD born …

Diagnostic Accuracy Prior To Congenital Heart Defect Surgery: A Multicenter Collaboration., Shobha S. Natarajan, Kasey Chaszczewski, Chris Penney, Steve Ampah, Douglas Ryba, Andrea T. Kennedy, Robert Olsen, Shubhika Srivastava, Matthew J. Campbell, Mya Carney, Carol Prospero, Lisa Elliott, Carlie Brewer, Michael Dimaria, Nitin Madan, Seda Tierney, Meaghan Beattie, Ritu Sachdeva, Joan Lipinski, Kenan W D Stern, Grace Kong, Preeta Dhanantwari, Elena N. Kwon, Hari Rajagopal, Carolyn Taylor, Tammy Churchill, Aura A. Sanchez Mejia, Deidra Abenlah Ansah, Anitha Parthiban, Hasti Sanandajifar, Sowmya Balasubramanian, David A. Parra, Kimberly Crum, Corey Stiver, Aarti H. Bhat, Pei-Ni Jone, Stefani Samples, Kathleen Van't Hof, Curt Degroff, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Meryl S. Cohen

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Echocardiography is the mainstay for diagnosing congenital heart disease (CHD). Diagnostic errors can lead to suboptimal surgical outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: This multicenter pediatric echocardiography collaborative learning initiative explores reasons for diagnostic errors, investigates associations between patient- and center-specific factors and errors, and relays the benefits of a multicenter approach to decrease these errors as a first step to improve CHD surgical outcomes.

METHODS: Participating centers submitted diagnostic evaluations on patients prior to 2-ventricle repair into a central database. We held virtual meetings to revise variables and discuss cases to learn from each other.

RESULTS: Fourteen pediatric echocardiography laboratories entered data …

A Comparison Of Commonly Utilized Diagnostic Biopsy Techniques For Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review By The Apsa Cancer Committee., Martha Teke, Barrie S. Rich, Ashley Walther, Dana Schwartz, Lucas A. Mcduffie, Gisela Butera, Jonathan P. Roach, David H. Rothstein, Dave R. Lal, Kimberly Riehle, Andres Espinoza, Nicholas Cost, Elisabeth Tracy, David Rodeberg, Timothy Lautz, Jennifer H. Aldrink, Erin G. Brown

Surgery Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Historically, surgical biopsy (SB) for diagnosis of pediatric solid tumors was considered necessary to provide adequate tissue for histologic and molecular analysis. Less invasive biopsy techniques such as image-guided core needle biopsy (CNB), have shown comparable accuracy with decreased morbidity in some adult studies. However, data regarding the safety and efficacy of CNB in pediatric tumors is limited. This study's aim was to assess the overall rate of successful diagnosis and safety of CNB compared to SB in children with malignancies.

METHODS: A PRISMA compliant systematic review was performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and CINAHL Plus database searches …

Incorporating Pediatrics In Clinical Education: A Call To Action In Inpatient Pharmacy Practice., Caroline M Sierra, Amanda C Capino, Cober M Petrea, Lea S Eiland, Norm Fenn Bcps, Bcpps, Nicholas M Fusco, Lucas E Orth

Parkview Pharmacy Department

Background

The recently revised 2025 Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards state the expectations of Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) are to “emphasize continuity of care and incorporate acute, chronic, and wellness-promoting patient-care services…[and] expose students to diverse patient populations as related to age, sex race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors…and disease states.”1 These expectations describe the conditions under which student pharmacists are expected to develop and demonstrate competence in the entrustable professional activities (EPAs), which were revised in 2022 to more accurately reflect current pharmacy practice.2 However, the definition of required APPE (Standard 3.2.d.) states that the inpatient patient …

Association Between Early Immunosuppression Center Variability And One-Year Outcomes After Pediatric Liver Transplant., Vikram K. Raghu, Scott D. Rothenberger, James E. Squires, Elizabeth Eisenberg, Anna L. Peters, Jennifer Halma, Swati Antala, Irini D. Batsis, Ke-You Zhang, Amy G. Feldman, Daniel H. Leung, Steven J. Lobritto, John Bucuvalas, Simon P. Horslen, George V. Mazariegos, Emily R. Perito

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Despite the existence of institutional protocols, liver transplant centers often have variability in early immunosuppression practices. We aimed to measure within-center variability in early immunosuppression after pediatric liver transplant (LT) and examine its association with one-year outcomes.

METHODS: We analyzed pediatric LTs from 2013 to 2018 in the United Network for Organ Sharing registry, with data aggregated by center. We categorized induction regimen as corticosteroids only vs. T-cell depleting antibody vs. non-T-cell depleting antibody. Primary exposures were coefficient of immunosuppression variability (CIV) in (1) induction and (2) mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) use. Primary outcomes were one-year graft survival, patient survival, …

National Prescribing Practices For Pediatric Dystonia Among Providers In The United States., Sarah Paige Davis, Natalie J. Kane, Haley E. Botteron, Rose N. Gelineau-Morel

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

While multiple oral medications are used to treat dystonia, limited information exists on current prescribing practices. This study analyzes real-world prescribing practices for pediatric dystonia in the United States, evaluating prescription frequency, dosing, and the impact of comorbidities. Oracle electronic health record real-world data were queried from 2014 to 2019 for encounters of patients under age 18 with a dystonia diagnosis and available medication records. Information was extracted on prescriptions for dystonia medications (baclofen, clonidine, carbidopa-levodopa, gabapentin, tetrabenazine, trihexyphenidyl, and select benzodiazepines), dosing, and comorbid diagnoses of cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, or spasticity. A total of 4010 pediatric patients with …