Medical Specialties Commons^™

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 02, February 2007, Diane Witter

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Findings on Aspirin and Heart Attacks
• Kicking Off a Trend: Cancer-Related Deaths Decline
• House Call: Working Out How to Lower Your Risk of Cancer

2006 Cancer Care Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center. This report has a focus on tumors of the central nervous system.

Effects Of Retinoic Acid On Beta-Catenin Transcriptional Activity In Melanoma Cells, Fung Chan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and its incidence has been increasing in the United States. Most melanomas are resistant to current chemotherapies; therefore, understanding the mechanism of melanomagenesis is beneficial to treatment of the diseases. Accumulation of β-catenin has been shown in colon and other cancers, including melanomas, but the transcriptional role of β-catenin in melanomas is still unclear. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an anti-tumor agent that has an inhibitory effect on β-catenin, but this effect has not been studied in melanomas. It has been shown that Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a melanocyte specific protein, …

Management Of Anthracycline Extravasation Injuries, David J. Reeves

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence for the management of anthracycline extravasation and determine the optimal treatment of such injuries.

DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE (1966–February 2007) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–February 2007) was performed using the search terms anthracyclines and extravasation.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Extravasation of anthracyclines can have devastating effects. After infiltration of these drugs into the interstitial tissue, damage may range from mild erythema and pain to severe tissue necrosis. Many agents have been studied in the management of these injuries; however, few have demonstrated efficacy and treatment remains controversial. Nonpharmacologic modalities shown to limit extravasation injuries include …

Post-Operative Extended Volume External Beam Radiation Therapy Is Safe For High Risk Esophageal Cancer Patients, Edward Yu, Patricia Tai, Jawaid Younus, Richard Malthaner, Larry Stitt, Pauline Truong, George Rodrigues, Robert Ash, Rashid Dar, Anna Tomiak, Mark Vincent, Walter Kocha, Brian Dingle, Richard Inculet

Oncology Presentations

Post-operative radiation therapy (RT) (1) and post-operative chemoradiation (2) have been used for esophageal cancer patients deemed high risk for recurrence after esophagectomy.

Defining opitmal RT target volume after esophagectomy is difficult due to significant changes in patient anatomy and function.

Some radiationon cologists advocated the inclusion of the anastomotic site within the irradiation volume due to concerns for potential increased relapse risk, while others did not subscribe to this practice due to concerns for increased treatment related toxicity.

We have previously reported patient outcome benefit using extended volume RT In management with high risk esophageal cancer patients underwent esopagectomy(3). …

Uwomj Volume 76, No. 1, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry

Esophageal Cancer, Edward Yu

Oncology Publications

No abstract provided.

Inhibition Of Proteasome Activity By The Dietary Flavonoid Apigenin Is Associated With Growth Inhibition In Cultured Breast Cancer Cells And Xenografts, Di Chen, Kristin R. Landis-Piwowar, Marina S. Chen, Q Ping Dou

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Introduction

Proteasome inhibition is an attractive approach to anticancer therapy and may have relevancy in breast cancer treatment. Natural products, such as dietary flavonoids, have been suggested as natural proteasome inhibitors with potential use for cancer prevention and therapeutics. We previously reported that apigenin, a flavonoid widely distributed in many fruits and vegetables, can inhibit proteasome activity and can induce apoptosis in cultured leukemia Jurkat T cells. Whether apigenin has proteasome-inhibitory activity in the highly metastatic human breast MDA-MB-231 cells and xenografts, however, is unknown.

Methods

MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell cultures and xenografts were treated with apigenin, followed by …

Paradoxical Antiproliferative Effect By A Murine Mammary Tumor-Derived Epithelial Cell Line, Esteban N. Gurzov, Sanaa M. Nabha, Hamilto Yamamoto, Hong Meng, O Graciela Scharovsky, R Daniel Bonfil

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Despite significant advancement in breast cancer therapy, there is a great need for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in breast carcinogenesis and progression, as well as of the role of epigenetic contributions from stromal cells in mammary tumorigenesis. In this study, we isolated and characterized murine mammary tumor-derived epithelial and myofibroblast cell lines, and investigated the in vitro and in vivo effect of cellular soluble factors produced by the epithelial cell line on tumor cells.

Methods

Morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity of epithelial (LM-234ep) and myofibroblast (LM-234mf) cell lines isolated from two murine mammary adenocarcinomas …

Progression Of Renal Cell Carcinoma Is Inhibited By Genistein And Radiation In An Orthotopic Model, Gilda G. Hillman, Yu Wang, Mingxin Che, Julian J. Raffoul, Mark Yudelev, Omer Kucuk, Fazlul H. Sarkar

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

We have previously reported the potentiation of radiotherapy by the soy isoflavone genistein for prostate cancer using prostate tumor cells in vitro and orthotopic prostate tumor models in vivo. However, when genistein was used as single therapy in animal models, it promoted metastasis to regional para-aortic lymph nodes. To clarify whether these intriguing adverse effects of genistein are intrinsic to the orthotopic prostate tumor model, or these results could also be recapitulated in another model, we used the orthotopic metastatic KCI-18 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) model established in our laboratory.

Methods

The KCI-18 RCC cell line was generated …

Long-Distance Three-Color Neuronal Tracing In Fixed Tissue Using Neurovue Dyes, Heather Jensen Smith, Brian Gray, Katharine Muirhead, Betsy Ohlsson-Wilhelm, Bernd Fritzsch

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Dissecting development of neuronal connections is critical for understanding neuronal function in both normal and diseased states. Charting the development of the multitude of connections is a monumental task, since a given neuron typically receives hundreds of convergent inputs from other neurons and provides divergent outputs for hundreds of other neurons. Although progress is being made utilizing various mutants and/or genetic constructs expressing fluorescent proteins like GFP, substantial work remains before a database documenting the development and final location of the neuronal pathways in an adult animal is completed. The vast majority of developing neurons cannot be specifically labeled with …

Lateral Wall Protein Content Mediates Alterations In Cochlear Outer Hair Cell Mechanics Before And After Hearing Onset, Heather Jensen Smith, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Specialized outer hair cells (OHCs) housed within the mammalian cochlea exhibit active, nonlinear, mechanical responses to auditory stimulation termed electromotility. The extraordinary frequency resolution capacity of the cochlea requires an exquisitely equilibrated mechanical system of sensory and supporting cells. OHC electromotile length change, stiffness, and force generation are responsible for a 100-fold increase in hearing sensitivity by augmenting vibrational input to non-motile sensory inner hair cells. Characterization of OHC mechanics is crucial for understanding and ultimately preventing permanent functional deficits due to overstimulation or as a consequence of various cochlear pathologies. The OHCs' major structural assembly is a highly-specialized lateral …

Outcomes Of Peginterferon Alfa-2a And Ribavirin Combination Therapy In A Resident-Initiated, Multidisciplinary, Hepatitis C Clinic, Nicole M. Agostino Do, Erini Vasiliadis Do, K Nadeem Ahmed Md, Suzanne J. Templer Do, Edward R. Norris Md, Fapa, Fapm, Charles M. Brooks Md, Eric J. Gertner Md, Mph, Joseph L. Yozviak Do, Facp

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Association Of Lung Cancer Mortality With Income And Education In Kentucky Counties, David A. Gross

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Presentations

Lung cancer, the primary cause of cancer death in the United States, is particularly problematic in Kentucky, which has the nation’s highest rate of adult smokers. In fact, each Kentucky county exceeds the national rate for per capita lung cancer deaths. This project analyzes the relationships between lung cancer deaths, high school graduation rates, per capita personal income and adult smoking – and whether statistically significant differences exist among the variables between Kentucky’s Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties.

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 12, December 2007, Sunni Hosemann, Diane Witter, Huong Le-Petross Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Worth More than a Thousand Words\
• A Step Forward for Stents
• House Call: Getting the Most From Your Doctor Visit
• DiaLog: Is MRI Better for Breast Screening?, by Huong Le-Petross, MD

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 09, September 2007, Sunni Hosemann, Diane Witter, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Sparing Life and Limb
• Can a Common Spice Be Use to Treat Cancer?
• House Call: Your First Colonoscopy: Here's What You Can Expect
• DiaLog: Targeted Therapies Are Here to Stay, by Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, MD

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 06, June 2007, Don Norwood, Diane Witter

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Advances in Stem Cell Transplantation
• More Is Better, But How Much Is Enough?
• House Call: Save a Life by Donating Stem Cells
• Project FAROS Enrolling Local Hispanics in Study of Health Care Access

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 10, October 2007, Diane Witter, Vickie J. Williams, Michael Fisch Md, Mph

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Cancer Chemoprevention: A Prescription for Health?
• Clinic Targets Oral Cancer at Early Stages
• Customized Cancer Care for Kids
• Hotline Consultation Available for Suspected Cancer Cases
• House Call: Cancer Stages: Understanding the Basics
• DiaLog: Rethinking the Standard of Care, by Michael Fisch, MD, MPH

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 01, January 2007, Dawn Chalaire, Don Norwood, Robert Buckman Md, Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Toward Personalized Medicine
• Making Strides in Esophageal Cancer
• House Call: Eat Well, Live Longer
• DiaLog: The Secret of Good "Person-Doctoring", by Robert Buckman, MD, PhD, Adjunct Professor of Neuro­-Oncology, M. D. Anderson Professor, University of Toronto

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 07/08, July/August 2007, Diane Witter, Vickie J. Williams, Dawn Chalaire

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Harnessing the Power of Protons
• Gene-Environment Interaction Studies Answer the Question, “Why Did I Get Cancer?”
• House Call: Parents: Be Hopeful and Honest When Telling Kids about Your Serious Illness
• Helping Physicians Help Patients

An Unusual Presentation Of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Of The Minor Salivary Glands With Cranial Nerve Palsy: A Case Study, Amal Abdul-Hussein, Pierre A. Morris, Tsveti Markova

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor entity and comprises about 1% of all malignant tumor of the oral and maxillofacial region. It is slow growing but a highly invasive cancer with a high recurrence rate. Intracranial ACC is even more infrequent and could be primary or secondary occurring either by direct invasion, hematogenous spread, or perineural spread. We report the first case of the 5^th and 6^th nerve palsy due to cavernous sinus invasion by adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Case presentation

A 49-year-old African American female presented to the emergency room complaining of severe right-sided …

Building Blocks For The Development Of A Chronic Care Lung Cancer Model, Leeanne Berlinsky

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Lung cancer, is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States for both men and women, and as such, represents a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Survival rates have remained relatively unchanged over the past forty years, yet we seem to be on the verge of a paradigm shift as a result of advances in early screening, diagnosis and better treatment modalities. Lung cancer is different from all other cancers in that 90% of lung cancer cases can be attributed to the conscious behavioral risk factor of smoking, either currently or previously engaged in by the patient. …

Development Of A Blood Test For The Detection Of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma, Rebecca Slattery

Theses : Honours

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer that has a tendency to metastasise. In its early stages, the 5-year survival rate of patients is greater than 90% following surgical excision of an in situ tumour. However, following metastasis of the tumour, the 5-year survival rate declines to 5-35%. Due to the correlation between metastasis and declining survival, studies have attempted to identify potential metastasis as early as possible. Molecular markers of melanoma cells in the peripheral blood of CMM patients have been investigated, as the invasion of tumour cells into the blood is one of the …

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Masquerading As Carcinoma Of The Breast: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Richard Tuli, Brian J O'Hara, Janet Hines, Anne L Rosenberg

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is an uncommon, benign entity with a diagnosis of exclusion. The typical clinical presentation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis often mimics infection or malignancy. As a result, histopathological confirmation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis combined with exclusion of infection, malignancy and other causes of granulomatous disease is absolutely necessary. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a young woman with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, initially mistaken for mastitis as well as breast carcinoma, and successfully treated with a course of corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: There is no clear clinical consensus regarding the ideal therapeutic management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Treatment options …

Potential For Stimulating Host Anti-Tumor Immune Response Via Rnai-Mediated Local Foxp3 Knockdown, N. Klaiber

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Neoplastic growths represent a unique challenge for the host immune system. As they are indeed derived from self, many of the same mechanisms operating to prevent autoimmunity also provide an umbrella beneath which malignant cells are free to proliferate.1 Central among these immune regulatory boundaries are an influential subset of lymphocytes known as T regs. Hypothesized to exist decades ago, yet eluding definitive characterization until relatively recently, T regs have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the proper functioning of the immune system as a whole. They may also, however, represent one of the primary obstacles to successful …

Frequency Of Primary Solid Malignant Neoplasms In Both Sexes, As Seen In Our Practice, Zubair Ahmad, Najamul Sahar Azad, Nausheen Yaqoob, Akhtar Husain, Aamir Ahsan, Ambreen Nasir Khan, Rashida Ahmed, Naila Kayani, Shahid Pervez, Sheema H. Hassan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: To determine the frequency of various histologic types of primary solid malignant neoplasms in males and females, in our practice, in a large series of surgical biopdies.

Method: A retrospective study of 20,000 consecutive surgical biopsies in the section of Histopathology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKU), Karachi, in 2004.

Results: Squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity was the commonest malignant neoplasm in males followed by diffuse Large B cell, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Prostatic adenocarcinoma. In females, infiltrating Ductal carcinoma of the breast was overwhelmingly the commonest malignant neoplasm followed by Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and esophagus. …

Comparative Predictive Value Of Three Prognostic Markers--S-Phase Fraction, Pcna And Mitotic Count On Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis In Carcinoma Breast, Shahid Pervez, Muhammad Nadeem Khan, Muhammad Israr Nasir

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Axillary lymph node metastasis is the single most important prognostic factor in carcinoma of the breast. Therefore, prognostic markers that may reliably predict probability of lymph node (LN) metastases are of great value. This study was conducted to compare the predictive value of two novel prognostic / proliferative markers i.e. S-phase fraction (SPF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in parallel with mitotic index.

Methods: Data of consecutive cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) breast diagnosed from July 2003 to July 2004 at the section of the Histopathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, were reviewed. A total of …

Department Of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Identification Of Conserved Gene Expression Features Between Murine Mammary Carcinoma Models And Human Breast Tumors., Jason I Herschkowitz, Karl Simin, Victor J Weigman, Igor Mikaelian, Jerry Usary, Zhiyuan Hu, Karen E Rasmussen, Laundette P Jones, Shahin Assefnia, Subhashini Chandrasekharan, Michael G Backlund, Yuzhi Yin, Andrey I Khramtsov, Roy Bastein, John Quackenbush, Robert I Glazer, Powel H Brown, Jeffrey E Green, Levy Kopelovich, Priscilla A Furth, Juan P Palazzo, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Philip S Bernard, Gary A Churchill, Terry Van Dyke, Charles M Perou

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Although numerous mouse models of breast carcinomas have been developed, we do not know the extent to which any faithfully represent clinically significant human phenotypes. To address this need, we characterized mammary tumor gene expression profiles from 13 different murine models using DNA microarrays and compared the resulting data to those from human breast tumors. RESULTS: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis showed that six models (TgWAP-Myc, TgMMTV-Neu, TgMMTV-PyMT, TgWAP-Int3, TgWAP-Tag, and TgC3(1)-Tag) yielded tumors with distinctive and homogeneous expression patterns within each strain. However, in each of four other models (TgWAP-T121, TgMMTV-Wnt1, Brca1Co/Co;TgMMTV-Cre;p53+/- and DMBA-induced), tumors with a variety of …

Oncolog Volume 51, Number 12, December 2006, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Curable But Not Conquered: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Today
• House Call: Big Benefits for Smokers Who Quit

An In Vitro Model Of Ovarian Cancer: Studying The Effects Of Talc And Pycnogenol®, Amber Renée Buz'zard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer and accounts for more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. The American Cancer Society has suggested that poor diet, talc and industrial pollutants may increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Talc is ubiquitous and concern is raised about its safety, role as a possible carcinogen and known ability to cause irritation and inflammation. Due to the silent nature of ovarian cancer, chemoprevention is a high priority. The most useful chemopreventive compounds will inhibit, delay or reverse carcinogenesis, and can be taken for long periods of time with …