Medical Specialties Commons^™

Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified Molecular Variants Linked To The Progression Of Gastric Precancerous Lesions In Patients From Southwestern Colombia—An Exploratory Approach., Lizeth Mejia-Ortiz, Jovanny Zabaleta, Jone Garai, Luis Eduardo Bravo, Andres Castillo

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Salicylamide Derivative Jmx0312 Protects Immunosuppressed Syrian Hamsters Against Adenovirus Lethal Challenge, Marta Carretero-Ledesma, Jun Li, Javier Martín-Escolano, Soraya Herrera-Espejo, Jimin Xu, Haiying Chen, Caridad Díaz-Navarro, Jerónimo Pachón, Javier Sánchez-Céspedes, Jia Zhou, María Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the fact that human adenovirus (HAdV) causes severe infections in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals, especially in children, there is currently no specific treatment for these infections. Previously we reported a new salicylamide analogue, JMX0312, as a potent inhibitor of HAdV infection with low cytotoxicity in vitro. Here we evaluate the in vivo efficacy and safety of this molecule in the immunosuppressed Syrian hamster model of HAdV infection. JMX0312 administration at a dose of 6.25 mg/kg did not affect the body weight of the animals, and reduced the viral load in liver and blood in a similar way than cidofovir. …

Glutamatergic Regulation Of Mirna-Containing Intraluminal Vesicle Trafficking And Extracellular Vesicle Secretion From Cortical Neurons, Marcela Bertolio, Qiyi Li, Francesca E Mowry, Kathryn E Reynolds, Rashed Alananzeh, Haichao Wei, Kyoeun Keum, Rachel Jarvis, Jiaqian Wu, Yongjie Yang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuronal extracellular vesicles (microvesicles and exosomes) are emerging secreted vesicular signals that play important roles in the CNS. Currently, little is known about how glutamatergic signalling affects the subcellular localisation of exosome precursor intraluminal vesicles (ILVs), microRNA (miR) packaging into ILVs and in vivo spreading of neuronal EVs. By selectively labelling ILVs and exosomes (but not plasma membrane-derived MVs) with GFP-tagged human CD63 (hCD63-GFP) in cortical neurons, we found that glutamate stimulation significantly redistributes subcellular localisation of hCD63-GFP+ ILVs, especially decreasing its co-localisation with multi-vesicular body (MVB) marker Rab7 while substantially promoting EV secretion. Interestingly, glutamate stimulation only modestly alters …

Ao Spine Clinical Practice Recommendations For Diagnosis And Management Of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Evidence Based Decision Making - A Review Of Cutting Edge Recent Literature Related To Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy, Michael G Fehlings, Nathan Evaniew, Paula Valerie Ter Wengel, Aditya Vedantam, Daipayan Guha, Konstantinos Margetis, Aria Nouri, Aminul I Ahmed, Chris J Neal, Benjamin M Davies, Mario Ganau, Jefferson R Wilson, Allan R Martin, Lukas Grassner, Lindsay Tetreault, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Rex Marco, James Harrop, James Guest, Mohammed Ali Alvi, Karlo M Pedro, Brian K Kwon, Charles G Fisher, Shekar N Kurpad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Study Design

Literature review of key topics related to degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) with critical appraisal and clinical recommendations.

Objective

This article summarizes several key current topics related to the management of DCM.

Methods

Recent literature related to the management of DCM was reviewed. Four articles were selected and critically appraised. Recommendations were graded as Strong or Conditional.

Results

Article 1: The Relationship Between pre-operative MRI Signal Intensity and outcomes. Conditional recommendation to use diffusion-weighted imaging MR signal changes in the cervical cord to evaluate prognosis following surgical intervention for DCM. Article 2: Efficacy and Safety of Surgery for Mild …

Fracture Patterns In Craniofacial Gunshot Wounds: A Seven-Year Experience, Gabriela G Cruz, Sameer H Siddiqui, David Z Allen, Kunal R Shetty, Sean P Mckee, Brady J Anderson, Mark Knackstedt, W Katherine Kao, Tang Ho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To characterize facial fracture patterns and understand predictors of surgical repair and LOS with the objective of assisting providers in managing and understanding these complex injuries.

Study design: This is a retrospective cohort chart review study.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for patients admitted with gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the head, neck, or face between January 2013 and March 2020 at a level one trauma tertiary care hospital. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify associations with surgical repair and LOS.

Results: Of the 578 patients with head, neck, or facial GSWs, 204 survived and sustained facial …

New Frontiers: The Intern Experience In A Newly Established Integrated Plastic Surgery Program, Hendrik Lintel, Imran Rizvi, Michael Haydon, Erik S Marques, Matthew R Greives, Mohin A Bhadkamkar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The plastic surgery residency pathway has undergone many changes since its inception. The advent of integrated training has largely taken over as the predominant residency model with the addition of a few new programs every year. There is currently a paucity of literature describing the experiences of first-year interns in a new integrated residency program transitioning from the independent model. In this article, we seek to elucidate some of the advantages and difficulties encountered by the initial residents of a newly established integrated program and the steps taken to pave the way for future matched integrated trainees.

Assessment Of Contextualized Reinforcement Pathology In A Community Sample Of Young Adult Substance Users, Ángel García-Pérez, Alba González-Roz, Roberto Secades-Villa, Gema Aonso-Diego, Sara Weidberg, Jin H Yoon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis are the most commonly used substances among young populations, often leading to polysubstance use, which correlates with problematic consumption and adverse health outcomes. The contextualized reinforcer pathology (CRP) model explains addictive behaviors through several constructs, including the following: drug demand, delay discounting (DD), and substance-free and substance-related reinforcement. Most previous studies have focused on a single CRP construct and the couse of only two substances. This study aimed to characterize three subgroups of young adults reporting past month use of alcohol only, alcohol + tobacco or cannabis, and alcohol + tobacco + cannabis, in terms …

Time To Weight Plateau With Tirzepatide Treatment In The Surmount-1 And Surmount-4 Clinical Trials, Deborah B Horn, Scott Kahan, Rachel L Batterham, Dachuang Cao, Clare J Lee, Madhumita Murphy, Sylvia Gonsahn-Bollie, Farai Chigutsa, Adam Stefanski, Julia P Dunn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The rate of weight reduction during obesity treatment declines over time and eventually reaches a weight plateau. We investigated factors associated with time to weight plateau (TTWP) in tirzepatide-treated participants with obesity or overweight in a post-hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-1 and SURMOUNT-4 trials. Participants adherent to tirzepatide treatment and achieving ≥5% weight loss by primary endpoint (week 72 SURMOUNT-1; week 88 SURMOUNT-4) were included. Weight plateau was defined as a weight change < 5% over a 12-week interval and all subsequent 12-week intervals. TTWP was time from randomization to the start of the first 12-week interval. Association between baseline characteristics and TTWP was assessed. Overall, 1438 participants in SURMOUNT-1 and 259 in SURMOUNT-4 were included. Across BMI categories (overweight, class I, II, and III), median TTWP in SURMOUNT-1 was 24.3, 26.0, 36.1, and 36.1 weeks, respectively (p < .05, class II and III vs. overweight). By week 72, 90.2%, 88.9%, 87.6%, and 87.8% of participants in SURMOUNT-1 had reached a weight plateau across respective BMI categories [Correction added on 22 January 2025, after first online publication: The "72%" has been changed to "72" in this version.]. Higher doses of tirzepatide (10/15 mg), younger age, and female sex were more likely to reach a weight plateau later. Results in SURMOUNT-4 were similar. In this post-hoc analysis, most participants reached a weight plateau by week 72. Higher doses of tirzepatide, younger age, and female sex were associated with a longer TTWP. Further research into modifiers of weight reduction phases with tirzepatide may inform treatment decisions for its use in chronic weight management. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers NCT04184622 (SURMOUNT-1) and NCT04660643 (SURMOUNT-4), available at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/.

Measuring And Interpreting Individual Differences In Fetal, Infant, And Toddler Neurodevelopment, Halie A Olson, M Catalina Camacho, Gavkhar Abdurokhmonova, Sahar Ahmad, Emily M Chen, Haerin Chung, Renata Di Lorenzo, Áine T Dineen, Melanie Ganz, Roxane Licandro, Caroline Magnain, Natasha Marrus, Sarah A Mccormick, Tara M Rutter, Lauren Wagner, Kali Woodruff Carr, Lilla Zöllei, Kelly A Vaughn, Kathrine Skak Madsen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

As scientists interested in fetal, infant, and toddler (FIT) neurodevelopment, our research questions often focus on how individual children differ in their neurodevelopment and the predictive value of those individual differences for long-term neural and behavioral outcomes. Measuring and interpreting individual differences in neurodevelopment can present challenges: Is there a "standard" way for the human brain to develop? How do the semantic, practical, or theoretical constraints that we place on studying "development" influence how we measure and interpret individual differences? While it is important to consider these questions across the lifespan, they are particularly relevant for conducting and interpreting research …

Enhancing Seizure Control In Ultra-Refractory Postencephalitic Epilepsies Using Multinodal Network Neuromodulation, Subhiksha Srinivasan, Surya Suresh, Ganne Chaitanya, Manoj Saranathan, Nitin Tandon, Sandipan Pati

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This case series reports the formidable challenge posed by postencephalitic epilepsies, characterized by frequent drug-resistant seizures and neuropsychiatric and cognitive comorbidities. Polypharmacy is frequently required, and surgical resection may not be feasible due to multifocality. Neuromodulation therapies, including Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS), offer a potential lifeline. In this case series, we shed light on the intricate landscape of seizure management and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in five individuals with frequent seizures (often weekly) and ultra-refractory epilepsy (defined as resistance to more than six different antiseizure medications, including failed epilepsy surgery) following catastrophic encephalitis. Four out of five patients …

An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)-Based Activity Assay For Amp-Activated Protein Kinase (Ampk), Trezze P Nguyen, Shangze Lyu, Yang Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the master regulator of cellular and organismal energy homeostasis, playing an essential role in modulating metabolism and other cellular processes. Substantial efforts have been made to develop pharmacological modulators of AMPK activity due to their therapeutic potential against various diseases. Measuring AMPK activity in vitro is a fundamental step for testing AMPK activators and inhibitors. Here, we report an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based AMPK activity assay with simple steps and high sensitivity. This assay offers a robust, in-house alternative to the traditional radioactive methods and other approaches that rely on specialized reagents or commercial kits.

Pharmacogenetics Of Plasma Dolutegravir Exposure During 1-Month Rifapentine/Isoniazid Treatment Of Latent Tuberculosis, Nia Covington, Anne F Luetkemeyer, Marjorie Z Imperial, Rodney Dawson, Yoninah Cramer, Sue Rosenkranz, Susan Swindells, Irina Gelmanova, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Roberto C Arduino, Wadzanai Samaneka, Kelly E Dooley, Rada Savic, Anthony T Podany, David W Haas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally protocol A5372, a pharmacokinetic study of dolutegravir with 1-month of daily rifapentine/isoniazid, twice-daily dolutegravir offset the induction effects of rifapentine on plasma dolutegravir trough concentrations (C trough ). Here, we characterize the impact on dolutegravir C trough of UGT1A1 , AADAC , and NAT2 polymorphisms that affect dolutegravir, rifapentine, and isoniazid, respectively. People with HIV receiving dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy with an indication to treat latent tuberculosis underwent pharmacokinetic sampling during dolutegravir 50 mg once daily alone, and on day 28 of dolutegravir 50 mg twice daily with rifapentine/isoniazid. Multivariable linear regression models characterized genetic associations …

Comparing Stroke Risk Factors Among Sexual Minority Groups In Texas, Brittany Krenek, Samuel Tundealao, Jennifer E S Beauchamp, Sean I Savitz, Irene Tamí-Maury

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Knowledge gaps remain on stroke risk and disparities between sexual minority (SM) subgroups. In this study, stroke risk between SM subgroups, specifically gay/bisexual men and lesbian/bisexual women (G/BM and L/BW), was assessed.

Method: Data were collected in June 2022 using a bilingual (English and Spanish) cross-sectional paper-and-pen survey distributed among 183 SM individuals attending the 2022 Houston Pride Parade and Festival, as well as across Texas via phone call or online format. Relevant sociodemographic and stroke risk factors were compared between G/BM and L/BW using chi-square (or Fisher's exact, when appropriate) and two-sample t-tests. Sexual orientation was used to …

Emerging Technologies Of Single-Cell Multi-Omics, Yi June Kim, Koichi Takahashi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system was largely veiled by traditional bulk sequencing methods, which measure the averaged signals from mixed cellular populations. In contrast, single-cell sequencing has enabled the direct measurement of individual signals from each cell, significantly enhancing our ability to unveil such heterogeneity. Building on these advances, numerous single-cell multi-omics techniques have been developed into high-throughput, routinely accessible platforms, delineating the precise relationships among different layers of the central dogma in molecular biology. These technologies have uncovered the intricate landscape of genetic clonality and transcriptional heterogeneity in both normal and malignant hematopoietic systems, highlighting their roles in …

Building Community Through Data: The Value Of A Researcher Driven Open Science Ecosystem, Meredith C B Adams, Carla M Bann, Emine Ozgur Bayman, Maria Chao, Georgene W Hergenroeder, Charles Knott, Martin A Lindquist, Z David Luo, Rosemarie Martin, Maryann E Martone, John Mccarthy, Micah Mccumber, Sharon B Meropol, Ty A Ridenour, Lissette M Saavedra, Abeed Sarker, Kevin J Anstrom, Wesley K Thompson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Novel Treatment-Specific Causal Biomarkers For Colorectal Cancer By Omics Integration, Akram Yazdani, Azam Yazdani, Raul Mendez-Giraldez, Gianluigi Pillonetto, Esmat Samiei, Reza Hadi, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Alan P Venook, Ahmad Samiei, Andrew B Nixon, Joseph A Lucci, Scott Kopetz, Monica M Bertagnolli, Federico Innocenti

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

While monoclonal antibody-based targeted therapies have substantially improved progression-free survival in cancer patients, the variability in individual responses poses a significant challenge in patient care. Therefore, identifying cancer subtypes and their associated biomarkers is required for assigning effective treatment. In this study, we integrated genotype and pre-treatment tissue RNA-seq data and identified biomarkers causally associated with the overall survival (OS) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with either cetuximab or bevacizumab. We performed enrichment analysis for specific consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) of CRC and evaluated differential expression of identified genes using paired tumor and normal tissue from an external cohort. …

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage Is Not Associated With Adverse Outcomes Following Elective Spine Surgery In Older Veterans, Andrea L Strayer, Yubo Gao, Michael A Jacobs, Heather Davila, Carly A Jacobs, Susanne Schmidt, Leslie R M Hausmann, Paula K Shireman, George Wehby, Daniel E Hall, Mary Vaughan Sarrazin, Katherine E Hadlandsmyth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: In the US, over half of all cervical and lumbar arthrodesis spine surgeries are for people ≥60 years of age. The extent to which adverse outcomes vary by social (eg, disadvantaged neighborhoods) and demographic factors have been scarcely investigated in spine surgery. We investigated the association of social, demographic, and clinical factors with complications, 30-day readmission, and 30-day mortality in older Veterans undergoing elective spine surgery.

Methods: Veterans (N=5,277) aged ≥65 years who underwent inpatient elective spine surgery for degenerative disease in the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP) comprised our retrospective cohort. VASQIP (2013-2019) data were merged …

International Multidisciplinary Consensus Recommendations On Clinical Application Of Three-Dimensional Visualization In Precision Surgery For Pediatric Liver Tumors, Qian Dong, Wenli Xiu, Benjie Tang, Eiso Hiyama, Mary T Austin, Yeming Wu, Xiaojun Yuan, Chengzhan Zhu, Chengli Liu, Hiroki Ishibashi, Karthik K Tappa, Huanmin Wang, Chuandong Sun, Yuntao Ma, Hongwei Xi, Jian Wang, Jianghua Zhan, Kyong Ihn, Mitsuo Shimada, Mingman Zhang, Mary E Brindle, Patrick B Thomas, Shigehisa Fumino, Tao Liu, Thom Lobe, Udo Rolle, Shan Wang, Xiaowen Zhai, Yoshinori Koga, Yoshiaki Kinoshita, Yuzuo Bai, Zhaozhu Li, Zhe Wen, Weikang Pan, Krysta M Sutyak, Pier C Giulianotti

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Pediatric liver tumors are predominantly primary malignant tumors, and complete tumor resection with sufficient preservation of liver tissue is crucial for improving prognosis. However, due to the delicate anatomical structure of the pediatric liver and the relatively large size of the tumors, especially in difficult cases, the surgical challenges are substantial. While precision liver surgery are widely applied in clinical practice, pediatric cases require more customized approaches. The application of three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology is crucial for enhancing surgical accuracy, allowing for precise preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance.

Methods: This consensus was collaboratively developed by 36 experts from eight …

Outcomes After Palliative Radiation Therapy In Patients With Symptomatic Locoregionally Advanced Breast Cancer, Luisa E Jacomina, David M Swanson, Melissa P Mitchell, Wendy A Woodward, Benjamin D Smith, Karen E Hoffman, Chelain R Goodman, Haven R Garber, Susie X Sun, Timothy A Yap, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Isidora Y Arzu, Elizabeth S Bloom, Pamela J Schlembach, Eric A Strom, Michael C Stauder, Simona F Shaitelman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Symptomatic locoregionally advanced breast cancer (SLABC) can cause troublesome pain or wound complications that negatively impact quality of life. Although palliative radiation therapy (RT) can minimize tumor-related symptoms, how best to tailor RT to achieve the most meaningful and durable response is not well defined.

Methods and materials: This is a single institution, multi-site retrospective review of patients with SLABC treated between 2016 and 2023 with palliative RT to symptomatic disease in the breast, chest wall, and/or regional lymph node basins. Overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LC), clinical and radiographic treatment response, overall pain scores, and treatment-related toxicities were …

Impact Of Screening For Human Papillomavirus-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancers: A Microsimulation-Based Modeling Study, Rebecca Landy, Gregory W Haber, Barry I Graubard, Carole Fakhry, Nicole G Campos, Emily A Burger, Li C Cheung, Hormuzd A Katki, Maura L Gillison, Anil K Chaturvedi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: We estimated the impact of screening on morbidity and mortality of human papillomavirus (HPV)16-positive oropharyngeal cancer among US men aged 45-79 years.

Methods: We developed an individual-level, state-transition natural history microsimulation model to estimate the impact of screening using oral HPV16 detection, HPV16-E6 antibody detection, and transcervical ultrasound of neck/oropharynx. We compared clinical detection to counterfactual screen detection for cancer stage, single- vs multiple-modality treatment, and survival. Screening scenarios encompassed 4 progression speeds across cancer stages (very slow, slow, fast, and very fast) and 4 screening frequencies.

Results: Among US men aged 45-79 years in 2021 (n = 54 …

Egfr Controls Transcriptional And Metabolic Rewiring In Krasg12d Colorectal Cancer, Dana Krauß, Veronica Moreno-Viedma, Emi Adachi-Fernandez, Cristiano De Sá Fernandes, Jakob-Wendelin Genger, Ourania Fari, Bernadette Blauensteiner, Dominik Kirchhofer, Nikolina Bradaric, Valeriya Gushchina, Georgios Fotakis, Thomas Mohr, Ifat Abramovich, Inbal Mor, Martin Holcmann, Andreas Bergthaler, Arvand Haschemi, Zlatko Trajanoski, Juliane Winkler, Eyal Gottlieb, Maria Sibilia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) shows clinical benefit in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but KRAS-mutations are known to confer resistance. However, recent reports highlight EGFR as a crucial target to be co-inhibited with RAS inhibitors for effective treatment of KRAS mutant CRC. Here, we investigated the tumor cell-intrinsic contribution of EGFR in KRASG12D tumors by establishing murine CRC organoids with key CRC mutations (KRAS, APC, TP53) and inducible EGFR deletion. Metabolomic, transcriptomic, and scRNA-analyses revealed that EGFR deletion in KRAS-mutant organoids reduced their phenotypic heterogeneity and activated a distinct cancer-stem-cell/WNT signature associated with reduced cell size …

Association Of Sirt6 Expression With Risk Of Pneumonitis Induced By Radiotherapy In Cancer Patients, Fengyuan Yu, Zheng Gong, Yuan Li, Danial F Naseem, Chen Li, Miaowei Wen, Bingying Zhao, Zhezhe Xu, Shanshan Zhang, Rukun Zang, Ailu Wu, Qingxin Han, Shuhui Wu, Hongwei Li, Yipeng Song

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Thoracic tumours represent a significant proportion of malignant cancers. While radiotherapy (RT) improves prognosis, it can also lead to side effects such as radiation-induced pneumonitis (RP). Since SIRT6 is involved in DNA repair, energy metabolism and inflammation, this study aims to investigate the expression of SIRT6 in lymphocytes as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for RP. This study included 170 patients diagnosed with thoracic tumours, all of whom underwent thoracic RT. RP was evaluated and classified as severe RP (SRP) and lower as non-severe RP (NSRP). Analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.0 and the R. Among 170 patients …

Clinical Interrogation Of Tp53 Aberrations And Its Impact On Survival In Patients With Myeloid Neoplasms, Jayastu Senapati, Sanam Loghavi, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Guillin Tang, Tapan Kadia, Nicholas J Short, Hussein A Abbas, Naszrin Arani, Courtney D Dinardo, Gautam Borthakur, Naveen Pemmaraju, Betul Oran, Elizabeth Shpall, Uday Popat, Richard Champlin, Sherry Pierce, Sankalp Arora, Ghayas Issa, Musa Yilmaz, Keyur Patel, Koichi Takahashi, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Danielle Hammond, Fadi G Haddad, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop M Kantarjian, Naval G Daver

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with TP53 aberrations, dissecting the interaction amongst patient, disease and treatment factors are important for therapeutic decisions and prognostication. This retrospective analysis included patients with newly diagnosed MDS (>5% blasts) and AML with TP53 mutation(s) treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center. We factored patient age, TP53 aberration burden, therapy intensity and use of venetoclax in the AML subgroup, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to interrogate outcomes. TP53 was annotated as high-risk (TP53HR) if >1 mutation, one mutation plus allelic deletion or a single mutation with variant allele frequency …

National Institutes Of Health Funding To Support Radiation Oncology Research: A Comparative Trend Analysis Over A Decade, 2011-2021, Amir Razavi, Michael K Rooney, Clifton D Fuller, James B Yu, Neil T Pfister, Charles R Thomas, John M Buatti, Sophia C Kamran, Heather M Mcgee, Debra Nana Yeboa, Ana P Kiess, Andrew M Baschnagel, Randall J Kimple

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Funding to support radiation oncology discovery and research is essential for advancement in therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes for patients with cancer. We aimed to comprehensively characterize trends in National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding that supports radiation oncology research over time to identify trends, successes, and areas for improvement.

Methods and materials: We queried the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results database to identify all awarded grants to support radiation oncology research conducted by principal investigators at academic centers, using 3 individual years as representative samples (2011, 2016, and 2021). Abstracts and keywords for resulting …

International Expert-Based Consensus Definition, Classification Criteria, And Minimum Data Elements For Osteoradionecrosis Of The Jaw: An Interdisciplinary Modified Delphi Study, Amy C Moreno, Erin E Watson, Laia Humbert-Vidan, Douglas E Peterson, Lisanne V Van Dijk, Teresa Guerrero Urbano, Lisa Van Den Bosch, Andrew J Hope, Matthew S Katz, Frank J P Hoebers, Ruth A Aponte Wesson, James E Bates, Paolo Bossi, Adeyinka F Dayo, Mélanie Doré, Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani, Thomas J Galloway, Daphna Y Gelblum, Issa A Hanna, Christina E Henson, Sudarat Kiat-Amnuay, Anke Korfage, Nancy Y Lee, Carol M Lewis, Charlotte Duch Lynggaard, Antti A Mäkitie, Marco Magalhaes, Yvonne M Mowery, Carles Muñoz-Montplet, Jeffrey N Myers, Ester Orlandi, Jaymit Patel, Jillian M Rigert, Deborah Saunders, Jonathan D Schoenfeld, Ugur Selek, Efsun Somay, Vinita Takiar, Juliette Thariat, Gerda M Verduijn, Alessandro Villa, Nicholas S West, Max J H Witjes, Alex M Won, Mark E Wong, Christopher M K L Yao, Simon W Young, Kamal Al-Eryani, Carly E A Barbon, Doke J M Buurman, François J Dieleman, Theresa M Hofstede, Abdul Ahad Khan, Adegbenga O Otun, John C Robinson, Lauren Hum, Jorgen Johansen, Rajesh Lalla, Alexander Lin, Vinod Patel, Richard J Shaw, Mark S Chambers, Daniel Ma, Mabi Singh, Noam Yarom, Abdallah Sherif Radwan Mohamed, Katherine A Hutcheson, Stephen Y Lai, Clifton David Fuller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a severe iatrogenic disease characterized by bone death after radiation therapy to the head and neck. With >9 published definitions and at least 16 classification systems, the true incidence and severity of ORNJ are obscured by lack of a standard for disease definition and severity assessment, leading to inaccurate estimation of incidence, reporting ambiguity, and likely underdiagnosis worldwide. This study aimed to achieve consensus on an explicit definition and phenotype of ORNJ and related precursor states through data standardization to facilitate effective diagnosis, monitoring, and multidisciplinary management of ORNJ.

Methods and materials: The …

Multicancer Early Detection Tests At A Crossroads: Commercial Availability Ahead Of Definitive Evidence, Carmen E Guerra, Jennifer Keating Litton, Carolina E Viswanath, A Mark Fendrick

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Multicancer early detection tests (MCEDs), sometimes referred to as liquid biopsies, are tests that can screen for multiple cancers by analyzing blood, urine, and other bodily fluids for biomarkers released by cancer cells. These tests have the potential to change the cancer screening paradigm if they are shown to reduce cancer mortality. However, it is not yet known whether MCEDs reduce mortality. Randomized controlled trials, the gold standard for evaluating cancer screening programs, are currently evaluating the effectiveness of MCEDs. However, because cancer-specific and all-cause mortality are end points that can take years to reach, trials are being designed with …

An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)-Based Activity Assay For Amp-Activated Protein Kinase (Ampk), Trezze P Nguyen, Shangze Lyu, Yang Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the master regulator of cellular and organismal energy homeostasis, playing an essential role in modulating metabolism and other cellular processes. Substantial efforts have been made to develop pharmacological modulators of AMPK activity due to their therapeutic potential against various diseases. Measuring AMPK activity in vitro is a fundamental step for testing AMPK activators and inhibitors. Here, we report an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based AMPK activity assay with simple steps and high sensitivity. This assay offers a robust, in-house alternative to the traditional radioactive methods and other approaches that rely on specialized reagents or commercial kits.

Aapm Task Group No 249b-Essentials And Guidelines For Clinical Medical Physics Residency Training Programs, Jonathon A Nye, Joseph P Dugas, William D Erwin, David P Gierga, Darryl G Kaurin, Stephanie M Leon, Ho-Ling Anthony Liu, Zheng Feng Lu, Alphonso W Magri, Lynn N Rill, Leah K Schubert, Beth A Schueler, Irina Vergalasova, John Vetter, Brian D Wichman, Amy Shu-Jung Yu, Dandan Zheng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The establishment of guidelines and curriculum standards for medical physics residency training is a critical component of setting expectations and competencies for the profession. Since the last publication of these standards, residency training has become integrated into the eligibility criteria for most medical physics certification bodies. The rapid growth of medical physics requires periodic review of the curriculum to remove outdated approaches, update established knowledge, and add emerging technologies. The goal of this document is to provide a reference standard for residency training program directors, training mentors, and residents to guide creation and/or optimization of their program's curriculum. The document …

The Potential Benefit Of Encorafenib Plus Cetuximab With Chemotherapy Compared With Standard Of Care In People With Braf V600e-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer In The Breakwater Study: A Plain Language Summary, Scott Kopetz, Takayuki Yoshino, Eric Van Cutsem, Cathy Eng, Tae Won Kim, Harpreet Singh Wasan, Jayesh Desai, Fortunato Ciardiello, Rona Yaeger, Timothy S Maughan, Elena Beyzarov, Xiaoxi Zhang, Graham Ferrier, Xiaosong Zhang, Josep Tabernero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

A Plain Language Summary Of The Molecular Changes In The Tumors Of People With Braf V600e-Mutant Colorectal Cancer In The Beacon Study, Scott Kopetz, Danielle A Murphy, Jie Pu, Fortunato Ciardiello, Jayesh Desai, Eric Van Cutsem, Harpreet Singh Wasan, Takayuki Yoshino, Hedieh Saffari, Xiaosong Zhang, Phineas Hamilton, Tao Xie, Rona Yaeger, Josep Tabernero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

What is this summary about?This summary discusses the genetic and molecular changes in tumors of participants with BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer who were treated with encorafenib plus cetuximab, with or without binimetinib, in the BEACON study.

What were the results?Encorafenib plus cetuximab, with or without binimetinib, reduced the risk of participants dying compared with cetuximab plus chemotherapy, regardless of genetic or molecular colorectal cancer subtypes.The study also found genetic and molecular changes in the participants’ tumors during treatment that were associated with how long they lived.

What do the results of the study mean?The types of …