Medical Specialties Commons^™

Early Treatment Discontinuation In Patients With Deficient Mismatch Repair Or Microsatellite Instability High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Julien Taieb, Margherita Ambrosini, Emily Alouani, Sara Lonardi, Frank A Sinicrope, Marie Decraecker, Alice Boileve, Emilie Hafliger, Thibault Mazard, Simon Pernot, Pauline Parent, Javier Ros, Michael J Overman, Priya Jayachandran, Vincenzo Nasca, Lisa Salvatore, Rosine Guimbaud, Chiara Cremolini, David Tougeron, Filippo Pietrantonio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are recommended to treat patients with deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Pivotal trials have fixed a maximum ICI duration of 2 years, without a compelling rationale. A shorter treatment duration has the potential to improve patients' quality of life and reduce both toxicity and cost without compromising efficacy. Here we examine whether early treatment discontinuation (ETD) before 13 months in patients without progressive disease (PD) can lead to similar long-term disease control compared with a longer treatment duration (LTD).

Methods: To assess whether ETD is associated with similar outcomes compared …

Comprehensive Characterization Of The Transcriptional Landscape In Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad) Brains, Chengxuan Chen, Zhao Zhang, Yuan Liu, Wei Hong, Hande Karahan, Jun Wang, Wenbo Li, Lixia Diao, Meichen Yu, Andrew J Saykin, Kwangsik Nho, Jungsu Kim, Leng Han

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading dementia among the elderly with complex origins. Despite extensive investigation into the AD-associated protein-coding genes, the involvement of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and posttranscriptional modification (PTM) in AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we comprehensively characterized the landscape of ncRNAs and PTM events in 1460 samples across six brain regions sourced from the Mount Sinai/JJ Peters VA Medical Center Brain Bank Study and Mayo cohorts, encompassing 33,321 long ncRNAs, 92,897 enhancer RNAs, 53,763 alternative polyadenylation events, and 900,221 A-to-I RNA editing events. We additionally identified 25,351 aberrantly expressed ncRNAs and altered PTM events associated with AD …

Enhanced Motivated Behavior Mediated By Pharmacological Targeting Of The Fgf14/Nav16 Complex In Nucleus Accumbens Neurons, Nolan M Dvorak, Paul A Wadsworth, Guillermo Aquino-Miranda, Pingyuan Wang, Douglas S Engelke, Jingheng Zhou, Nghi Nguyen, Aditya K Singh, Giuseppe Aceto, Zahra Haghighijoo, Isabella I Smith, Nana Goode, Mingxiang Zhou, Yosef Avchalumov, Evan P Troendle, Cynthia M Tapia, Haiying Chen, Reid T Powell, Timothy J Baumgartner, Jully Singh, Leandra Koff, Jessica Di Re, Ann E Wadsworth, Mate Marosi, Marc R Azar, Kristina Elias, Paul Lehmann, Yorkiris M Mármol Contreras, Poonam Shah, Hector Gutierrez, Thomas A Green, Martin B Ulmschneider, Marcello D'Ascenzo, Clifford Stephan, Guohong Cui, Fabricio H Do Monte, Jia Zhou, Fernanda Laezza

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Protein/protein interactions (PPI) play crucial roles in neuronal functions. Yet, their potential as drug targets for brain disorders remains underexplored. The fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14)/voltage-gated Na+ channel 1.6 (Nav1.6) complex regulates excitability of medium spiny neurons (MSN) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a central hub of reward circuitry that controls motivated behaviors. Here, we identified compound 1028 (IUPAC: ethyl 3-(2-(3-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-indol-1-yl)acetamido)benzoate), a brain-permeable small molecule that targets FGF14R117, a critical residue located within a druggable pocket at the FGF14/Nav1.6 PPI interface. We found that 1028 modulates FGF14/Nav1.6 complex assembly and depolarizes the voltage-dependence of Nav1.6 channel inactivation with …

Dexamethasone Dose Intensity Does Not Impact Outcomes In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Swog Analysis, Rahul Banerjee, Rachael Sexton, Andrew J Cowan, Aaron S Rosenberg, Sikander Ailawadhi, S Vincent Rajkumar, Shaji Kumar, Angela Dispenzieri, Sagar Lonial, Brian G M Durie, Paul G Richardson, Saad Z Usmani, Antje Hoering, Robert Z Orlowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dexamethasone is a key component of induction for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), despite common toxicities, including hyperglycemia and insomnia. In the randomized ECOG E4A03 trial, dexamethasone 40 mg once weekly was associated with lower mortality than higher doses. However, the performance of dexamethasone dose reductions below this threshold with regard to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in NDMM has not been fully characterized. We conducted a secondary pooled analysis of the SWOG 0777 and SWOG 1211 studies of NDMM, which used lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone, with or without bortezomib, and with or without elotuzumab. The planned …

The Role Of Iowa Gambling Task Performance In Response To Citalopram Treatment For Cocaine Use Disorder, Constanza De Dios, Robert Suchting, Charles E Green, Heather E Webber, F Gerard Moeller, Scott D Lane, Joy Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is associated with executive functioning impairments linked to serotonergic function. Previous studies reported efficacy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram in reducing cocaine use.

Objectives:

The current study explored moderation and mediation of citalopram effects on cocaine use by performance across executive function domains.

Methods:

We conducted a secondary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Bayesian adaptive trial investigating citalopram efficacy in CUD treatment-seeking adults. At baseline and mid-treatment, participants completed assessments of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task; IGT), attention, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. Outcomes were longest duration of abstinence (LDA; count of consecutive …

Nucleus-Translocated Gclm Promotes Chemoresistance In Colorectal Cancer Through A Moonlighting Function, Jin-Fei Lin, Ze-Xian Liu, Dong-Liang Chen, Ren-Ze Huang, Fen Cao, Kai Yu, Ting Li, Hai-Yu Mo, Hui Sheng, Zhi-Bing Liang, Kun Liao, Yi Han, Shan-Shan Li, Zhao-Lei Zeng, Song Gao, Huai-Qiang Ju, Rui-Hua Xu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Metabolic enzymes perform moonlighting functions during tumor progression, including the modulation of chemoresistance. However, the underlying mechanisms of these functions remain elusive. Here, utilizing a metabolic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 knockout library screen, we observe that the loss of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, noticeably increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to platinum-based chemotherapy. Mechanistically, we unveil a noncanonical mechanism through which nuclear GCLM competitively interacts with NF-kappa-B (NF-κB)-repressing factor (NKRF), to promote NF-κB activity and facilitate chemoresistance. In response to platinum drug treatment, GCLM is phosphorylated by P38 …

Cardiovascular Disease And Breast Cancer Stage At Diagnosi\S, Ivan Angelov, Allen M Haas, Elizabeth Brock, Lingfeng Luo, Jing Zhao, Benjamin D Smith, Sharon H Giordano, Nicholas J Leeper, Kevin T Nead

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the leading causes of mortality in the US. Large-scale population-based and mechanistic studies support a direct effect of CVD on accelerated tumor growth and spread, specifically in breast cancer.

Objective: To assess whether individuals presenting with advanced breast cancers are more likely to have prevalent CVD compared with those with early-stage breast cancers at the time of diagnosis.

Design, setting, and participants: This population-based case-control study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked databases from 2009 to 2020. The analysis was completed from May 2023 to August 2024. Participants were …

Optimizing Electrode Configurations For Eeg Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection, Yi Jiang, Xin Zhang, Zhiwei Guo, Xiaobo Zhou, Jiayuan He, Ning Jiang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Optimal electrode configuration of Electroencephalograms (EEG) systems for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) detection and monitoring in non-clinical settings, i.e. number of electrodes and the positions of the electrodes, remains to be explored. In the current study, we explored the optimization of electrode configuration for MCI detection. We used a 32-channel EEG device to record the data of 21 MCI patients and 20 cognitively normal elderly (NC) undergoing working memory (WM) tasks. Based on the differential value (MCI group vs. NC group) from the Power Spectral Density (PSD) value of each electrode in θ and α frequency band during WM …

Atrx Silences Cartpt Expression In Osteoblastic Cells During Skeletal Development, Yi-Ting Chen, Ming-Ming Jiang, Carolina Leynes, Mary Adeyeye, Camilla F Majano, Barakat Ibrahim, Urszula Polak, George Hung, Zixue Jin, Denise G Lanza, Lan Liao, Brian Dawson, Yuqing Chen-Evenson, Oscar E Ruiz, Richard J Gibbons, Jason D Heaney, Yangjin Bae, Brendan Lee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling protein ATRX is an essential regulator involved in maintenance of DNA structure and chromatin state and regulation of gene expression during development. ATRX was originally identified as the monogenic cause of X-linked α-thalassemia mental retardation (ATR-X) syndrome. Affected individuals display a variety of developmental abnormalities and skeletal deformities. Studies from others investigated the role of ATRX in skeletal development by tissue-specific Atrx knockout. However, the impact of ATRX during early skeletal development has not been examined. Using preosteoblast-specific Atrx conditional knockout mice, we observed increased trabecular bone mass and decreased osteoclast number in bone. In vitro coculture …

Meta-Ea: A Gene-Specific Combination Of Available Computational Tools For Predicting Missense Variant Effects, Panagiotis Katsonis, Olivier Lichtarge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Computational methods for estimating missense variant impact suffer from inconsistent performance across genes, which poses a major challenge for their reliable use in clinical practice. While ensemble scores leverage multiple prediction methods to enhance consistency, the overrepresentation of certain genes in the training data can bias their outcomes. To address this critical limitation, we propose a gene-specific ensemble framework trained on reference computational annotations rather than on clinical or experimental data. Accordingly, we generate Meta-EA ensemble scores that achieve comparable performance to the top individual predicting method for each gene set. Incorporating the effects of splicing and the allele frequency …

Suprameatal Tubercle Classification; Its Implementation On Clinical Cases, Humberto Reyna Mendez, Jose Alfredo Espinosa Mora, Laura Ubaldo Reyes, Alberto Angeles Castellanos, Ignacio Mora Magaña, Mauro Alberto Segura Lozano, Rachel Blue, John Yk Lee, Diego Mendez Rosito

Archives of Neurosurgery

Abstract:

Background: The suprameatal tubercle (SMT) is a variable prominence of the petrosal surface of the temporal bone that lies above the internal acoustic meatus. An enlarged SMT may present an obstacle during surgeries of the posterior fossa, including microvascular decompression or by itself cause trigeminal neuralgia.

Methods: Based on our prior study of 200 temporal bones, its data collection and establishing a classification of the SMT this extension study exemplifies its clinical application.

Results: According to the classification of the SMT four selected cases are clinically and anatomically correlated to exemplify the utility of this classification.

Conclusion: The SMT …

An In Vivo Study Of Lns8801, A Gper Agonist, In A Spontaneous Melanoma-Prone Mouse Model, Tgs., Christina Marinaro, John Sauer, Christopher A Natale, Todd Ridky, Suzie Chen

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer that arises from the transformation of melanocytes, the pigment producing cells of the skin. In the year 2024 there will be approximately 10,000 new cases of melanoma diagnosed and approximately 8,000 deaths attributed to melanoma in the United States. In this study we treated a group of male and female transgenic mice that spontaneously develop metastatic melanoma, TGS, with a G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor agonist LNS8801 to assess the efficacy on disease progression. A second group of male and female TGS mice was also exposed to UVB irradiation to mimic …

The Sellar Barrier’S: An Important New Concept In Pituitary Surgery., Juan F. Villalonga, Alvaro Campero

Archives of Neurosurgery

The sellar barrier's concept was created by our team in Tucumán in 2019. There are currently 3 well-defined subtypes: strong, weak and mixed. Published case series studies indicate that there is a strong correlation between radiological, intraoperative findings and risk of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Patients with weak sellar barrier have more risk of intraoperative CSF leak. The strong sellar barrier is a protective factor for intraoperative CSF leak. The sellar barrier's concept is useful for clinical-surgical practice and for the physician-patient relationship.

Understanding Injury Risk In Female College Dancers: The Interplay Of Mobility And Strength, Audrey Clark

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

INTRODUCTION: Female college dancers present a unique set of demands that contribute to a risk of injury different from other sports. Two of the primary physical demands of dance, mobility and strength, are also known risk factors for non contact injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobility, strength, and non contact injuries in female college dancers and add to the current gap in literature. METHODS: Participants (n=10) completed an injury history, hand-grip assessment, Functional Movement Screen (FMS), and monthly follow up injury surveys during the duration of the study. Means, standard deviations, correlations, and …

Endoscopic–Assisted Surgery For Cerebello Pontine Angle Pathology: Technical Note And Surgical Results In A Series Of Patients, Jaime Jesus Martinez Anda, Pablo David Guerrero Suarez, Diego Pineda Martínez, Rafael Avendaño Pradel, Ernesto Javier Jurado Delgado, Ricardo Santiago Villlagrana Sánchez, Juan Carlos Cisneros Lesser, Carolina De La Llata Segura, Rogelio Revuelta Gutiérrez

Archives of Neurosurgery

Objectives: Endoscopic–assisted surgery combined with the operating microscope has been described for several surgical techniques and pathologies of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The use of an endoscope allows for a panoramic view of the CPA cistern and a high degree of maneuverability in narrow cisternal spaces that enable the surgeon to deal with most CPA lesions safely. We performed an observational study to describe the surgical anatomy and technique for endoscopic-assisted CPA surgery, describing our experience in a case series of patients with CPA pathology. Methods: Anatomical and surgical technique description of endoscopic-assisted surgery for CPA pathology, based on observations …

Exosomes And Encapsulated Exomirs In Breast Cancer: Theragnostic Applications And Clinical Implications, Muhammad Imran Sajid, Shafia Bukhari, Hamid Ilyas, Rubina Malik, Minahil Fatima, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Surya M. Nauli, Khawaja Husnain Haider

Pharmacy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

Exosomes, released by cells, are small vesicles that have emerged as critical theranostic tools in breast cancer due to their unique ability to transport diverse biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs, including microRNAs (ExomiRs). These vesicles are critical in modulating the tumor microenvironment, driving processes like cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Exosomal microRNAs such as ExomiR-21, ExomiR-1246, and ExomiR-155, with their profound influence on the gene expressions in the recipient cells, are the unsung heroes in tumor progression and immune modulation. This chapter delves into exosome's dual diagnostic and therapeutic potential in breast cancer. It highlights their …

Plasma S100Β Is A Predictor For Pathology And Cognitive Decline In Alzheimer’S Disease, Geetika Nehra, Bryan J. Maloney, Rebecca Smith, Wijitra Chumboatong, Erin L. Abner, Peter T. Nelson, Björn Bauer, Anika M. S. Hartz

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Background Blood–brain barrier dysfunction is one characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is recognized as both a cause and consequence of the pathological cascade leading to cognitive decline. The goal of this study was to assess markers for barrier dysfunction in postmortem tissue samples from research participants who were either cognitively normal individuals (CNI) or diagnosed with AD at the time of autopsy and determine to what extent these markers are associated with AD neuropathologic changes (ADNC) and cognitive impairment.

Methods We used postmortem brain tissue and plasma samples from 19 participants: 9 CNI and 10 AD dementia patients who …

Artesunate Enhances The Efficacy Of Enzalutamide In Advanced Prostate Cancer, Xinyi Wang, Jinghui Liu, Fengyi Mao, Yifan Kong, Qiongsi Zhang, Chaohao Li, Daheng He, Chi Wang, Yanquan Zhang, Ruixin Wang, Sally R. Ellingson, Qiou Wei, Zhiguo Li, Xiaoqi Liu

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men worldwide. Treatments targeting the androgen receptor pathway remain the standard therapy for PCa patients. Enzalutamide (ENZ), a second-generation androgen receptor inhibitor, was developed to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, while patients initially respond to ENZ, drug resistance typically develops within a few months. Artesunate (ART), a semisynthetic derivative of the Artemisinin plant, is approved for antimalaria treatment. In this study, we conducted an FDA-approved drug screening and identified ART as a potential candidate for overcoming ENZ resistance in PCa. Mechanistically, ART induces the degradation of c-Myc, enhancing …

Metformin In Overcoming Enzalutamide Resistance In Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Kendall Simpson, Derek B. Allison, Daheng He, Jinpeng Liu, Chi Wang, Xiaoqi Liu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Androgen deprivation is the standard treatment for patients with prostate cancer. However, the disease eventually progresses as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Enzalutamide, an androgen receptor inhibitor, is a typical drug for treating CRPC and with continuous reliance on the drug, can lead to enzalutamide resistance. This highlights the necessity for developing novel therapeutic targets to combat the gain of resistance. Metformin has been recently investigated for its potential antitumorigenic effects in many cancer types. In this study, we used enzalutamide and metformin in combination to explore the possible rescued efficacy of enzalutamide in the treatment of enzalutamide-resistant CRPC. We first …

Menstrual Cycle Variations In Ultrasound And Biomechanical Risk Factors For Acl Injury In Adolescent Female Athletes, Jessica Garcia

Kinesiology Dissertations - Archive

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a significant concern in adolescent female athletes, with rates consistently higher than their male peers. This disparity is attributed to a complex combination of anatomical, hormonal, and neuromuscular factors that elevate injury risk while performing dynamic movements common in running and cutting sports such as soccer, basketball, lacrosse, and volleyball. Knee laxity has been identified as a potential risk factor, yet current measurement tools lack the sensitivity, reliability, and validity needed for practical application. Additionally, fluctuating sex hormones throughout the menstrual cycle (MC) have been implicated in changes to ligament properties and neuromuscular control, …

Characterizing And Targeting The Non-Catalytic Functions Of Phosphatase Of Regenerating Liver 3 (Prl-3) In Oncogenesis And Cancer Progression, Jeffery T. Jolly

Theses and Dissertations--Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver 3 (PRL-3) is frequently upregulated in various cancers and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Although traditionally studied for its phosphatase activity, PRL-3 also interacts with the CNNM family of magnesium transporters through its catalytic site, and these two functions are mutually exclusive at any given time. Most previous studies relied on a commonly used PRL-3 mutation that disrupts both phosphatase activity and CNNM binding, making it challenging to determine which function drives its oncogenic effects. To address this gap in the field, I utilized a panel of PRL-3 mutants that selectively disrupt either phosphatase activity …

Artificial Intelligence In Cancer-Related Malnutrition And Cachexia: A Transformative Tool In Clinical Nutrition, Salvatore Carbone

EVMS School of Health Professions Faculty Publications

[Introduction] Malnutrition and cachexia are common complications in cancer patients, and they negatively influence prognosis, treatment efficacy, and tolerability as well as quality of life [[1], [2], [3]]. Accurately identifying and effectively managing malnutrition and cachexia in this population remains a clinical challenge. Conventional validated screening tools may lack the sensitivity and specificity required for early detection and personalized intervention in diverse cancer types and treatment settings [4,5]. Over the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) strategies, has shown promising results in clinical nutrition, with the potential to revolutionize nutritional …

Multisociety Guidance For Infection Prevention And Control In Nursing Homes, Lona Mody, Sonali D. Advani, Muhammad Salman Ashraf, Allison H. Bartlett, Suzanne F. Bradley, Deborah P. Burdsall, Jennifer A. Hanrahan, Susan S. Huang, Robert L.P. Jump, Lindsay Nicolle, Mary-Claire Roghmann, Patricia Stone, Rekha K. Murthy

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

This multisociety guidance was endorsed by SHEA, APIC, IDSA, PALTmed, and AGS. It provides recommendations for infection prevention and control (IPC) in the context of the complexity of nursing home care in the United States: increased medical acuity of residents, the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms, and the threat of emerging pathogens. Recommendations and implementation suggestions address IPC leadership, staffing, and resources, healthcare personnel and residents‘ adherence to precautions and effective hand hygiene, outbreak preparedness, training, occupational health, cleaning and disinfection in the care environment, and the involvement of IPC in the facility. The guidance also addresses the challenges of maintaining …

Physical Ablative Methods And Cancer Cell Death: Implications For Immunity And Therapies, Alessandra Rossi, Claudia Muratori

Bioelectrics Publications

Surgery has traditionally been a cornerstone in cancer treatment, yet its feasibility can be limited by factors such as tumor location and patient health conditions. When surgery is not viable, thermal and pulsed electric field (PEF)-based ablation technologies offer valuable alternatives. Emerging evidence suggests that these approaches not only target tumors effectively but also stimulate antitumor immune responses. In this review, we begin by examining the distinctive features of hyperthermic treatments (radiofrequency and microwave ablation), cryoablation, and PEF-technologies. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of cell death, stress responses, and release of danger signals triggered by these diverse ablation technologies. Finally, …

Optimizing Decision-Making In A Cerebral Palsy Model Using Reinforcement Learning, Richard Ampah

Pitzer Senior Theses

This study presents an original interdisciplinary investigation into how reinforcement learning (RL) can model motor and cognitive defects and potentially improve motor and cognitive functions in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), a non-progressive neurological disorder that impairs movement and adaptability. Integrating computational neuroscience and machine learning, the research applies policy gradient methods and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to simulate adaptive learning in agents with and without CP-related constraints.

The central aim is to compare the cumulative rewards of optimal policies, derived from value iteration, and human-like learning policies using the REINFORCE algorithm, both with and without the Bellman baseline. The …

Impacts Of Ramadan Fasting During Pregnancy On Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes: An Umbrella Review, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Md Estiar Rahman, May Salama, Ali H. Ziyab, Wilfried Karmaus

Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background

Despite a large number of primary research studies, and systematic and narrative reviews, there is no consensus on the impact of fasting during Ramadan while pregnant on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Currently, there is no evidence-based guideline for Muslim women regarding Ramadan fasting during pregnancy and clinicians cannot provide firm recommendations.

Objectives

To review the current evidence regarding the impact of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on pregnancy and birth outcomes.

Search Strategy

We conducted an umbrella review of all systematic and narrative reviews examining the impacts of fasting during Ramadan while pregnant on pregnancy and birth outcomes by searching …

Electrical Homeostasis Of The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, Peyman Fahimi, Lázaro A. M. Castanedo, P. Thomas Vernier, Cherif F. Matta

Bioelectrics Publications

The electric potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane must be maintained within certain bounds for the proper functioning of the cell. A feedback control mechanism for the homeostasis of this membrane potential is proposed whereby an increase in the electric field decreases the rate-limiting steps of the electron transport chain (ETC). An increase in trans-membrane electric field limits the rate of proton pumping to the inter-membrane gap by slowing the ETC reactions and by intrinsically induced electroporation that depolarizes the inner membrane. The proposed feedback mechanism is akin to a Le Chatelier's-type principle of trans-membrane potential feedback control.

Improving Glucose Levels In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Kaitlin Castillo

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects - Archive

Type 2 diabetes is a growing health crisis, posing significant challenges not only to individual well-being but also to healthcare systems' financial sustainability. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise annually, contributing to increased medical costs, hospitalizations, and long-term complications. Houston, Texas, has a diabetes prevalence of 13.5%, exceeding the national average of 10%. A clinical gap exists in providers’ ability to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes. Prioritizing prevention, early intervention, and improved patient monitoring can reduce incidence rates, lower healthcare costs, and enhance overall population health. A Plan Do Study Act model was utilized for the …

Association Between Vitamin D Status And Cortisol Concentration Among Pregnant Women, Kenneth Addae

Open Access Master's Theses

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and high circulating cortisol during pregnancy have each been linked to adverse maternal and child outcomes such as preterm birth. However, limited research has explored the association between vitamin D status and cortisol concentration during pregnancy. Our objective for this study was to determine the association between vitamin D status and cortisol concentration among pregnant women.

Methods: The Prenatal Health and Nutrition (PHAN) study was a pilot cross-sectional study of 30 healthy pregnant women conducted in targeted areas in Rhode Island. Data was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, perceived stress scale, household food security, …

Innovative Biomechanical And Engineering-Based Assessments Of Hip Mechanics In Individuals With Hip-Related Pain, Holly M. Stanze

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Individuals with hip-related pain exhibit altered movement patterns, and worse fear of movement (kinesiophobia), compared to asymptomatic controls. Exacerbation of hip pain during movement and the role of hip symptom duration may help further our understanding of specific movement patterns that are associated with hip-related pain. A better understanding of the potential connections between hip-related symptom duration, kinesiophobia, hip pain during movement, and lower limb mechanics in those with hip-related pain may allow for more efficient referrals to clinicians and lead to more effective rehabilitation. In addition, the impact of hip-related pain on intra-articular hip loading patterns is not well …