Medical Specialties Commons^™

Immunohistochemistry In Tumour Diagnosis--Who Actually Needs It?, S Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Amoebic Appendicitis--A Rare Entity, Raheem Ahmed, Hizbullah Shaikh, Muhammad Siddiqui, M Ahmed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Appendectomy is the most common surgical procedure performed in routine general surgical practice. However, not all the appendices removed, are submitted for histopathological examination in this part of the world. We reviewed 1400 appendices received by our department from within our hospital and from outside the hospital. Of these 13 cases were reported as amoebic appendicitis. These patients did not have any different clinical presentation from the patients who were reported as acute appendicitis without amoebae. Microscopically these appendices had minimal neutrophil polymorph infiltration accompanied by tissue necrosis and amoebic trophozoites within the appendiceal wall. After histological diagnosis, different tests …

Ai : Artificial Insemination Of Sheep, David Windsor

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Artificial insemination (Al) is used widely in the dairy and beef industries and often performed by farmers themselves. By contrast, sheep breeders generally require assistance from vets when frozen semen is to be used. However, recent experiments with frozen semen are indicating that do-it-yourself Al may soon become a reality.

An Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna In Rett Syndrome And Other Neurodegenerative Disorders, Catherine Erickson Burgess

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from mutations on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is being recognized in a growing spectrum of diseases. These diseases, resulting from single base mutations, large deletions, or insertions, have been largely neuromuscular in origin. However, as an understanding of the effects of mtDNA mutations progresses, attention is now focusing on neurodegenerative diseases. Rett Syndrome (RS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease with predominantly female cases, demonstrates morphologic mitochondrial changes, mitochondrial enzyme deficiencies and maternal inheritance (characteristic of mtDNA diseases). No investigation of mtDNA involvement has been previously conducted and, to date, no biological marker exists for this disorder.

Our preliminary studies …

Co-Sensitization Of Dopamine And Serotonin Receptors Occurs In The Absence Of A Change In The Dopamine D1 Receptor Complex After A Neonatal 6-Ohda Lesion, Li Gong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To test whether SKF 38393 could ontogenetically sensitize dopamine (DA) D$\sb1$ receptors and whether this sensitization would be associated with biochemical changes, intact and neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats (200 $\mu$g i.c.v.) were treated daily from birth with SKF 38393 (3.0 mg/kg i.p. x 28 days) or its vehicle. In DA D$\sb1$ neonatally sensitized 6-OHDA rats, enhanced locomotor responses were observed with the first SKF 38393 challenge dose (3.0 mg/kg i.p.) at 6 weeks. This response increased further with weekly SKF 38393 treatments. Enhanced stereotyped behaviors were seen in both lesioned and sensitized rats at 8 weeks. There was no change …

Does Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (Rdw) Improve Evaluation Of Microcytic Anaemias?, Muhammad Sajjad Baqar, Mohammad Khurshid, A Molla

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Abstract

The red cell distribution width (RDW) is an index of the variation in red cells size (anisocytosis). A study was conducted to examine the validity of using RDW in improving classification of microcytic anaemias. A total of 300 blood samples collected from a patient population aged 3 months to 55 years who were referred for haemoglobin electrophoresis were examined at The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH). On complete blood count, initially 200 patients (66.6%) were found to have hypochromic microcytic anaemia. Following haemoglobin electrophoresis 41% (821200) patients were diagnosed to have thalassemia minor and 59% (1181200) had hypochromic microcytic …

Suppressive Effects Of Transforming Factor-Β And Interleukin-10 On The Cytolytic Activity Of Murine Macrophages And Reversal By Cytokines, Chin-Hung Lin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this study, the suppressive effects of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) on peritoneal macrophage killing of H238 target cells and the potential for reversal of the immunosuppressive effect by IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were investigated. The responsiveness of naive and peptone-activated macrophages was compared. The cytolytic activity for tumor cells of these effector cells was measured by percent lysis of ³H-thymidine labeled Herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed tumor cells (H238). After 18-24 hours of incubation with TGF-β or IL-10, the cytolytic activity of macro-medium alone. The immunosuppressive effect of TGF-β or IL-10 on non-activated macrophages was …

Suggested Reference Ranges In Clinical Chemistry For Apparently Healthy Males And Females Of Pakistan., Ayesha Molla, Mohammad Khurshid, William T. Manser, Rukhsana Lalani, Anis Alam, Zubaida Mohammad

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Abstract

Seven hundred and eighty six apparently healthy males (418) and females (368) aged 0-69 years were randomly selected for estimation of reference ranges of 24 serum analytes at the clinical chemistry laboratory of The Ago Khon University Hospital (AKUH). Of the total study samples, 56% (439/786) were in the poediatric age group (0-14 years) and 44% (347/786) in the adult (1 5_60 years) group. Beckman Astra Ideal Autoanalyzer was used for all the estimations. Moon and standard deviations (SD) were calculated for each of the age groups. Reference ranges were calculated following standard methods of the International Federation of …

Estimation Of The Incidence Of A Rare Genetic Disease Through A Two-Tier Mutation Survey, R Chakraborty, M R Srinivasan, S Raskin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent attempts to detect mutations involving single base changes or small deletions that are specific to genetic diseases provide an opportunity to develop a two-tier mutation-screening program through which incidence of rare genetic disorders and gene carriers may be precisely estimated. A two-tier survey consists of mutation screening in a sample of patients with specific genetic disorders and in a second sample of newborns from the same population in which mutation frequency is evaluated. We provide the statistical basis for evaluating the incidence of affected and gene carriers in such two-tier mutation-screening surveys, from which the precision of the estimates …

Prevalence Of Thalassemia Minor Trait In Pakistani Population Presented At Akuh For Complete Blood Count Estimation (Cbc)., Alia Shaikh, Mohammad Khurshid

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Can An Anesthesia Machine Flush Valve Provide For Effective Jet Ventilation?, S D Gaughan, J L Benumof, G T Ozaki

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transtracheal jet ventilation (TTJV) using a percutaneously inserted intravenous (IV) catheter for the patient who cannot be ventilated or tracheally intubated or, using a jet stylet for changing endotracheal tubes (ETT) in patients for whom subsequent ventilation and/or tracheal reintubation may be difficult, are extremely valuable therapeutic options. The jet ventilation system must have a sufficiently high pressure-oxygen source to drive oxygen through noncompliant tubing and through relatively small IV catheters and/or jet stylets in order to achieve adequate ventilation and oxygenation. There is no evidence that using the common gas outlet of an anesthesia machine by activating the flush …

Epidermal Mosaicism And Blaschko's Lines, Celia Moss, S. Larkins, Michael W. Stacey, A. Blight, P. A. Farndon, E. V. Davidson

Bioelectrics Publications

To test the hypothesis that epidermal rather than dermal mosaicism determines Blaschko's lines in hypomelanosis of Ito (HI), we studied the distribution of chromosomal mosaicism in four patients. In two, mosaicism had not been detected in lymphocytes or dermal fibroblasts, but was clearly shown in epidermal keratinocytes; furthermore, the abnormal cell line was confirmed to the hypopigmented epidermis and the normal epidermis contained only normal cells. Negative findings in the other two patients might be because of mosaicism which was undetected either because it was submicroscopic or because it was present in melanocytes, which have not yet been studied. These …

Cysticercosis In A Muslim Woman, Farrukh Aijaz, Altaf Ahmed

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Salmonella Hadar Pericarditis, A Aziz, W Jafri, T A. Jawed, A Shaikh, B Farooqui, M K. Ashfaq, N Ul Haq

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Book Review: The Baculovirus Expression System: A Laboratory Guide (1992) King, L. A. & Possee, R. D., David D. Dunigan

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The power of molecular biology is unleashed with the ability to clone and sequence genes, and then express these genes in heterologous systems. This sets the stage for the full analysis of proteins that are otherwise difficult to isolate and/or purify, especially when present at very low copy number per cell or when isolated from relatively precious materials. Overexpression of protein is now possible in a number of systems including prokaryotes (e.g., E. coli) and various eukaryotes (yeast, insects, and plants). The issue then becomes, which system (1) most closely reflects the homologous expression with respect to posttranslational modifications, …

Effect Of Alcohol On The Postnatal Development Of Cerebellar Cortex In Rat Guste 1-Histological And Morphometric Studies., Mansoor Saleh, M N. Saleh, M A. Desouky, Saadia Sayed, Entesar Saber

Haematology and Oncology, East Africa

The effect of ethyl alcohol (10%) on the postnatal development of cerebellar cortex was studied using histological and morphometric methods. The external granular layer was much increased in thickness in alcohol fed rat than those of the control while the molecular and granular layer were reduced. The cells of themolecular layer showed neuronal degeneration and many spaces were present in this layer esp < /strong>ecially late postnatal. The Purkinje cells failed to reach their final position up the tenth day and still arranged in more than one row. The degenerative changes appeared at five days and increased with age. The extent …

The Effects Of Ice And Compression Wraps On Intramuscular Temperatures At Various Depths, Mark A. Merrick

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects of ice and compression wrap applications on intramuscular temperature at the skin surface, 1 cm below the fat layer, and 2 cm below the fat layer were recorded in 11 subjects. Each subject was tested under all treatment conditions including control, compression only, ice only, and ice+ compression. Subjects underwent a 5-minute pre-application, a 3 ominute application, and a 20-minute post-application. Using thermocouples, surface and intramuscular temperatures were recorded at 30-second intervals for the entire study. A repeated measures ANOVA and Duncan Post Hoc tests were used to evaluate temperature differences between the treatment conditions and the depths …

Identification And Characterization Of Possible Multiple Binding Sites For ((3)H)8-Oh-Dpat In The Hippocampus, Dawna Lea Evans

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxin occurring in the environment. Exposure to (TMT) is known to destroy specific neuronal components of the hippocampus in the rat and to cause clinical symptoms in exposed humans, including mnemonic deficits, that indicate hippocampal involvement. In addition to hippocampal cell loss TMT causes significant increases in cholinergic markers such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stain density and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the hippocampus of rats. However, despite these observations the effect of TMT on hippocampal cholinergic system has not been investigated in detail. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate more fully the consequences …

Localization Of The Gene For Men 2a, Jay B. Lichter, Michael Difilippantonio, Jingshi Wu, Diane Miller, David C. Ward, Paul J. Goodfellow, Kenneth K. Kidd

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

The search for the gene that causes the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome is entering a new phase. Genetic linkage studies have localized the gene to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10. The statistical portion of mapping the gene for MEN 2A is nearly complete and now classical molecular biological/gene mapping techniques will be employed. We have used fluorescence in situ hybridization to estimate the size of the MEN2A region to be about 2 to 5 mb, using some liberal assumptions; at worst the region should contain no more than about 10 mb of non-alphoid DNA. Our …

Microsurgical Lymph Node Dissection For Metastatic Asymptomatic C-Cell Carcinoma, Heinz J. Buhr, Friedrich Kallinowski, Friedhelm Raue, Christian Herfarth

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

In persistent, clinically inapparent medullary thyroid carcinoma, microsurgical dissection of all lymph node compartments of the neck was performed. Between August 1988 and September 1991, 28 cases (mean age 43.3 years) were treated with 38 surgical interventions. Twenty patients had the sporadic form and eight patients the familial form. Unilateral neck dissection resulted in normalization of serum calcitonin (CT) levels even after pentagastrin stimulation in two patients whereas 16 patients exhibited abnormal CT stimulation tests. Eight of ten patients who had bilateral neck dissections had positive pentagastrin test results after surgery. The main postoperative complications included loss of local cutaneous …

Cutaneous Lesion Associated With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a: Lichen Amyloidosis Or Notalgia Paresthetica?, O. Chabre, F. Labat, N. Pinel, F. Berthod, V. Tarel, I. Bachelot

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Three patients of a French family demonstrated an association of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) with a pruritic scapular skin lesion. The lesions are similar to those described as familial cutaneous lichen amyloidosis in unrelated MEN 2A and medullary thyroid carcinoma families, but histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of skin biopsies from each patient in the French family did not show amyloid deposition. The topography of the lesion follows dermatomes C8-D3. The patients report not only pruritus but also paresthesia and hyperalgesia, and one showed touch hypoesthesia and pain hyperesthesia in the area of the lesion. Such an …

Primary Hyperparathyroidism In Patients With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Experience By A Single Surgical Team In Japan, Takao Obara, Yoshihide Fujimoto, Yukio Ito

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Nineteen patients were surgically treated for hyperparathyroidism associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome. Fourteen patients (74%) had removal of three or more parathyroid glands at the first operation, and five (26%) by removal of 2 1/2 or fewer glands. Two patients had recurrent hypercalcemia during the mean follow-up period of 65 months. One had a recurrence 10 years after subtotal parathyroidectomy. Reexploration in this patient revealed enlargement of the remaining tissue in the neck and an enlarged supernumerary gland in the aorticopulmonary window. The other patient had persistent hypercalcemia after removal of two hyperplastic parathyroid glands until after …

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Australian Experience With Genetic Testing, Janet L. Ward, Valentine J. Hyland, David S. Andrew, Debbie J. Marsh, Bruce G. Robinson

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Linkage analysis has been performed in four pedigrees with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) or familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) using pericentromeric chromosome 10 probes. Important information regarding carrier status has been provided in 10 individuals, many of whom would not have been identified by pentagastrin stimulation testing. We have also used pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to link the probes H4JRBP and pMCK2 to a 150 kb fragment. Using PFGE, no evidence was found in DNA from lymphocytes of a major DNA rearrangement in two individuals affected with MEN 2A and an individual with MEN 2B compared …

Oncogene And Growth Factor Expression In Men 2 And Related Tumors, Jeffrey F. Moley, Göran K. Wallin, Michele B. Brother, Michael Kim, Samuel A. Wells Jr., Garrett M. Brodeur

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Pheochromocytomas occur sporadically or in individuals affected by inherited syndromes including multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and 2B, neurofibromatosis, and the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (vHL). Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) also occur sporadically or as part of MEN 2A, MEN 2B, and familial MTC. Little is known of the molecular genetic background of these tumors. We have shown previously that activation of the N-ras, H-ras, and K-ras oncogenes does not occur in these tumors, but that deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1 are extremely common (> 60%) and may indicate loss of a suppressor gene in the chromosomal …

Mineral Metabolic Effects Of Thyroidectomy And Long-Term Outcomes In A Family With Men 2a, Henry G. Bone Iii, Leonard J. Deftos, William H. Snyder, Charles Y. C. Pak

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We have followed a family with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A for 18 years. Four members have undergone total thyroidectomy for medullary thyroid carcinoma or C-cell hyperplasia, and one has required bilateral adrenalectomy for pheochromoctyoma. None has developed hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism, although parathyroid hormone levels were relatively high prethyroidectomy and fell postoperatively in the patients with high calcitonin levels. In three of the four cases, intestinal calcium absorption decreased following thyroidectomy.

Statistical Analysis Of Histomorphological Findings In Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Distinction Between The Different Familial Forms Of The Disease, B. Franc, M. Rosenberg-Bourgin, B. Auvert, B. Caillou, N. Dutrieux-Berger, J. Floquet, M. Houcke-Lecomte, E. Justrabo, F. Labat-Moleur, M. F. Le Bodic, A. Pages, M. Patey, G. Viennet, F. Vilde, J. P. Saint-Andre

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

A multifactorial analysis of morphological findings was performed on 153 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). The aim of the study was to utilize histological criteria to discriminate between MTC associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) and that associated with the inherited MTC only syndrome. The presence of fusiform cells associated with several other markers seemed to he more predictive of MEN 2A. A comparison of inherited MTC only and sporadic MTC only showed fusiform cells to be significantly less common in inherited MTC only. These results suggest that the inherited MTC only syndrome is a distinct …

Genetics Of The Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b Syndrome, Charles E. Jackson, Robert A. Norum

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN 2B) is similar to MEN 2A in that both autosomal dominant syndromes include medullary thyroid cancers and pheochromocytomas. It is distinct in that MEN 2B patients have much earlier age of onset with more aggressive tumors and mucosa/neuromas of the lips and tongue. The neuromas allow ascertainment generally before age 5. Studies of two and three generations of 14 MEN 2B families disclosed close linkage of the MEN 2B gene to DNA markers to which MEN2A had been linked. Multipoint analysis utilizing additional results in three generations of a 15th family have disclosed a …

High-Sensitivity Serum Calcitonin Assays Applied To Screening For Thyroid C-Cell Disease In Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a, Michael M. Kaplan, Glenn M. Stall, Timothy Cummings, Andrew Macaulay, Philippe Motté, Hubert J. Wolfe, Seymour Reichlin, Arman J. Tashjian Jr.

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Two serum calcitonin assays with sensitivities ≤ 10 pg/mL were compared to our standard radioimmunoassay (sensitivity 100 pg/mL) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) screening. Values from the Nichols displacement radioimmunoassay averaged 38% higher than values from the CIS immunoradiometric assay; values from both were highly correlated, r = 0.845. In three individuals, both of the newer assays revealed abnormalities in pentagastrin tests three to four years before abnormalities were detected by the standard assay. Pentagastrin tests after total thyroidectomy were assayed by the newer methods in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) diagnosed at initial testing (group …

A Preliminary Analysis Of Consortium Data For Markers Tightly Linked To Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a, J. B. Lichter, S. M. Hackleman, B. A. J. Ponder, D. Easton, S. A. Narod, G. M. Lenoir, R. F. Gagel, N. E. Simpson, E. Gardner, P. J. Goodfellow, S. Takai, A. J. Pakstis, K. K. Kidd

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We have analyzed DNA marker typing data contributed by six independent groups to estimate the pairwise genetic distances between these markers and the locus for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A). We used LIPED to calculate these distances for female, male, and sex-average linkage maps and to determine the corresponding LOD scores. The preliminary analyses of this large data set (89 MEN 2A families and five non-MEN 2A references families, with 1,934 total individuals) are reported here. These refined estimates of the genetic map in this region will aid in the assignment of presymptomatic diagnoses. This study clearly points …