Medical Specialties Commons^™

Outcomes Of Cardiothoracic Surgery In Women With Turner Syndrome, Lucas Ribé, Ferial D Shihadeh, Rana O Afifi, Anthony L Estrera, Siddharth K Prakash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: To describe short- and mid-term surgical outcomes of patients with Turner syndrome (TS) after cardiovascular interventions.

METHODS: All individuals >12 years of age at the time of surgical repair for cardiovascular disease (valve or coarctation repairs, aortic disease, aortic dissection) from 2002 to 2022 were eligible. The primary endpoint was complications or death within 30 days of intervention. Secondary outcomes included late complications and reinterventions within six months. Combined data from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and the Turner Syndrome Society of the United States were included in the analysis.

RESULTS: We identified 22 patients …

Hybrid Repair Of A Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm In Female Patient With Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, Sabine Helena Wipper, Tilo Kölbel, Bernhard Dorweiler, Julia Dumfarth, Alexandra Gratl, Olaf Gorny, Anthony L Estrera, Harleen K Sandhu, E Sebastian Debus

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Trend Of Outcome Metrics In Recent Out-Of-Hospital-Cardiac-Arrest Research: A Narrative Review Of Clinical Trials, Natalie N Htet, Daniel Jafari, Jennifer A Walker, Ali Pourmand, Anna Shaw, Khai Dinh, Quincy K Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) research traditionally focuses on survival. In 2018, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) proposed more patient-centered outcomes. Our narrative review assessed clinical trials after 2018 to identify the trends of outcome metrics in the field OHCA research. We performed a search of the PubMed database from 1 January 2019 to 22 September 2023. Prospective clinical trials involving adult humans were eligible. Studies that did not report any patient-related outcomes or were not available in full-text or English language were excluded. The articles were assessed for demographic information and primary and secondary outcomes. We included 89 studies …

Eicosanoid And Eicosanoid-Related Inflammatory Mediators And Exercise Intolerance In Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Emily S Lau, Athar Roshandelpoor, Shahrooz Zarbafian, Dongyu Wang, James S Guseh, Norrina Allen, Vinithra Varadarajan, Matthew Nayor, Ravi V Shah, Joao A C Lima, Sanjiv J Shah, Bing Yu, Mona Alotaibi, Susan Cheng, Mohit Jain, Gregory D Lewis, Jennifer E Ho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathobiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Here, we examine the association of upstream mediators of inflammation as ascertained by fatty-acid derived eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related metabolites with HFpEF status and exercise manifestations of HFpEF. Among 510 participants with chronic dyspnea and preserved LVEF who underwent invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing, we find that 70 of 890 eicosanoid and related metabolites are associated with HFpEF status, including 17 named and 53 putative eicosanoids (FDR q-value < 0.1). Prostaglandin (15R-PGF2α, 11ß-dhk-PGF2α) and linoleic acid derivatives (12,13 EpOME) are associated with greater odds of HFpEF, while epoxides (8(9)-EpETE), docosanoids (13,14-DiHDPA), and oxylipins (12-OPDA) are associated with lower odds of HFpEF. Among 70 metabolites, 18 are associated with future development of heart failure in the community. Pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid and related metabolites may contribute to the pathogenesis of HFpEF and serve as potential targets for intervention.

Tert Immunohistochemistry As A Surrogate Marker For Tert Promoter Mutations In Infiltrating Gliomas, Gillian Gordon Perue, Hao Ying, Antonio Bustillo, Lili Zhou, Carolina M Gutierrez, Hannah E Gardener, Judith Krigman, Angus Jameson, Chuanhui Dong, Tatjana Rundek, David Z Rose, Jose G Romano, Ayham Alkhachroum, Ralph L Sacco, Negar Asdaghi, Sebastian Koch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Guideline-based hypertension management is integral to the prevention of stroke. We examine trends in antihypertensive medications prescribed after stroke and assess how well a prescriber's blood pressure (BP) medication choice adheres to clinical practice guidelines (BP-guideline adherence).

METHODS AND RESULTS: The FSR (Florida Stroke Registry) uses statewide data prospectively collected for all acute stroke admissions. Based on established guidelines, we defined optimal BP-guideline adherence using the following hierarchy of rules: (1) use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker as first-line antihypertensive among diabetics; (2) use of thiazide-type diuretics or calcium channel blockers among Black patients; (3) …

Pakistan Study Of Premature Coronary Atherosclerosis In Young Adults (Pak-Sehat): A Prospective Longitudinal Study Protocol Investigating The Prevalence, Severity And Determinants Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Young Adult Pakistani Population, Bashir Hanif, Sana Sheikh, Ghazal Peerwani, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Wajiha Javed, Jaffer Bin Baqar, Zainab Samad, Faiza Bashir, Salim S. Virani, Khurram Nasir

Section of Cardiology

Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and health expenditures worldwide. Despite having higher ASCVD in the Pakistani population, data on subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in young Pakistanis remain scarce. The PAKistan Study of prEmature coronary atHerosclerosis in young AdulTs (PAK-SEHAT) aims to assess the prevalence, severity and determinants of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among Pakistani men (35-60 years) and women (35-65 years) free of clinically symptomatic ASCVD and will assess 5-year rates of ASCVD events.
Methods and analysis: PAK-SEHAT is an ongoing prospective cohort study with 2000 participants from all provinces of Pakistan who will be …

The 2022 American College Of Cardiology Expert Consensus On The Role Of Nonstatin Therapies: An Expert-Guided Tour, Mini G Varughese, Christie M Ballantyne

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Circulating Metabolites May Illustrate Relationship Of Alcohol Consumption With Cardiovascular Disease, Yi Li, Mengyao Wang, Xue Liu, Jian Rong, Patricia Emogene Miller, Roby Joehanes, Tianxiao Huan, Xiuqing Guo, Jerome I Rotter, Jennifer A Smith, Bing Yu, Matthew Nayor, Daniel Levy, Chunyu Liu, Jiantao Ma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Metabolite signatures of long-term alcohol consumption are lacking. To better understand the molecular basis linking alcohol drinking and cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated circulating metabolites associated with long-term alcohol consumption and examined whether these metabolites were associated with incident CVD.

METHODS: Cumulative average alcohol consumption (g/day) was derived from the total consumption of beer, wine, and liquor on average of 19 years in 2428 Framingham Heart Study Offspring participants (mean age 56 years, 52% women). We used linear mixed models to investigate the associations of alcohol consumption with 211 log-transformed plasma metabolites, adjusting for age, sex, batch, smoking, diet, …

Utilizing Stakeholder Input Within The Tennessee Heart Health Network To Improve Cardiovascular Health Outcomes In Tennessee, Abigail C. Bennett

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Background: Tennessee ranks sixth nationwide for most deaths related to heart disease. The Tennessee Heart Health Network (TN-HHN), an initiative coordinated by the Tennessee Population Health Consortium (TN-PHC), was created to combat this issue. The TN-HHN is a statewide network of primary care practices, health systems, and academic centers committed to implementing patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) approaches to demonstrably improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) health outcomes and health equity across Tennessee.

Objective: Evaluate stakeholder experiences in participating in the Network in an effort to assess partner satisfaction and improve the TN-HHN as a whole.

Methods: Eligible stakeholders were invited via …

Acute Myocardial Infarction From A Lower-Middle Income Country-A Comprehensive Report On Performance Measures And Quality Metrics Using National Cardiovascular Data Registry, Farhala Mari Baloch, Ainan Arshad, Sher Sethi, Javed Tai

Section of Cardiology

Introduction: Epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is widely projected in South Asian population and estimated to get double in two decades. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the spectrums of CVD and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) being the common manifestations of IHD. National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) is a registry data that measure their practices and improve quality of care. In this project we aim to see our performance trends in the care of IHD including AMI patients over two year's period.
Material & methods: A cross sectional study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. All …

Retrieval Of Large Balloon Fragments During Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation Using A Novel Retrieval System, Anne C Taylor, Mohamed Ali H Ghandour, Asra Khan, Srinath T Gowda, Flora Nunez-Gallegos, Lynn F Peng, Jamil A Aboulhosn, Daniel S Levi, Doff B Mcelhinney, Athar M Qureshi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The removal of balloon fragments from the pulmonary artery without damaging the pulmonary and tricuspid valves can be difficult. Four cases during transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement are described in which a novel retrieval system was used to facilitate safe removal. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)

Ten Steps Toward Improving In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Quality Of Care And Outcomes, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Robert Greif, Theresa Anderson, Huba Atiq, Thomaz Bittencourt Couto, Julie Considine, Allan R De Caen, Therese Djärv, Ann Doll, Matthew J. Douma

Department of Anaesthesia

No abstract provided.

Left Juxtaposition Of The Right Atrial Appendage: Pitfalls In Diagnosis, Kanya Singhapakdi, Wesam Sourour, Thomas Kimball

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Several congenital anomalies of the right atrial appendage (RAA) have been described including aneurysm, herniation (in association with a pericardial defect), and left juxtaposition. The left juxtaposition of the RAA (LJRAA), first described by Birmingham in 1893 and subsequently introduced by Dixon in 1954, is usually associated with complex cardiac malformations such as obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract. In this case report, we will describe an unusual variant of LJRAA in the absence of any other cardiac defects, which was initially misinterpreted as an aortic dissection. The correct diagnosis was made after careful reinterpretation and the use of …

Association Of Interleukin-6 And Interleukin-18 With Cardiovascular Disease In Older Adults: Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Xiaoming Jia, Leo Buckley, Caroline Sun, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Bing Yu, Vijay Nambi, Salim S Virani, Elizabeth Selvin, Kunihiro Matsushita, Ron C Hoogeveen, Josef Coresh, Amil M Shah, Christie M Ballantyne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), important cytokines implicated in atherosclerosis and inflammaging, were assessed for associations with global cardiovascular disease (CVD), atrial fibrillation (AF), and death in older adults.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Participants from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study Visit 5 (mean age 75.4 ± 5.1 years) with IL-6 and IL-18 measurements were included (n = 5672). Cox regression models were used to assess associations of IL-6 and IL-18 with coronary heart disease (CHD), ischaemic stroke, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, global CVD (composite of CHD, stroke, and HF), AF, and all-cause death. Over a median follow-up of 7.2 years, …

Novel Size-Based High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies And Incident Vascular Events, Austin Deets, Parag H. Joshi, Alvin Chandra, Kavisha Singh, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen

Office of the Provost

Background: High‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particle concentration likely outperforms HDL cholesterol in predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Whether size‐based HDL subspecies explain the atheroprotective associations of HDL particle concentration remains unknown. Our objective was to assess whether levels of specific size‐based HDL subspecies associate with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a multiethnic pooled cohort and improve risk prediction beyond traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Methods and Results: Seven HDL size‐based subspecies were quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance (LP4 algorithm; H1=smallest; H7=largest) among participants without prior atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), PREVEND (Prevention of …

Frequency Of Dysnatremia In Patients Admitted With Covid-19 Infection And Its Prognostic Implication, Farah Gul Khan, Saadia Sattar, Muhammad M. Yaqoob, Nida Vallani, Maryam Asad

Section of Nephrology

Objective: We aimed to investigate the frequency of dysnatremia among patients admitted with COVID-19 infection and its association with inpatient mortality.
Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study was conducted for 12 weeks. Serum sodium levels were recorded at admission, during the hospital stay, and within 48 hours of discharge or death. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mortality.
Results: This study included 574 patients (69.7% men, age 55.6 ± 14.4 years). On admission, mean sodium was 135.9 ± 6.4 mEq/L; 39% had hyponatremia and 4.7% had hypernatremia. During admission, hypernatremia increased to 18.8%; maximum sodium in patients who …

Impact Of Receiving Hospital On Out‐Of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Outcome: Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Texas, Ryan Huebinger, Marina Del Rios, Benjamin S Abella, Bryan Mcnally, Carrie Bakunas, Richard Witkov, Micah Panczyk, Eric Boerwinkle, Bentley Bobrow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background Factors associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcome disparities remain poorly understood. We evaluated the role of receiving hospital on OHCA outcome disparities. Methods and Results We studied people with OHCA who survived to hospital admission from TX-CARES (Texas Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival), 2014 to 2021. Using census data, we stratified OHCAs into majority (>50%) strata: non-Hispanic White race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic Black race and ethnicity, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. We stratified hospitals into performance quartiles based on the primary outcome, survival with good neurologic outcome. We evaluated the association between race and ethnicity and …

Late-Gadolinium Enhancement Is Common In Older Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients And Is Associated With Lower Ejection Fraction, Andrew A Lawson, Kae Watanabe, Lindsay Griffin, Christina Laternser, Michael Markl, Cynthia K Rigsby, Melanie Sojka, Joshua D Robinson, Nazia Husain

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Chronic graft failure and cumulative rejection history in pediatric heart transplant recipients (PHTR) are associated with myocardial fibrosis on endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a validated, non-invasive method to detect myocardial fibrosis via the presence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). In adult heart transplant recipients, LGE is associated with increased risk of future adverse clinical events including hospitalization and death. We describe the prevalence, pattern, and extent of LGE on CMR in a cohort of PHTR and its associations with recipient and graft characteristics.

METHODS: This was a retrospective study of consecutive PHTR who underwent …

Established And Emerging Device Therapy In Heart Failure: Cardiac Contractility Modulation, Justin Haloot, Mihail G Chelu

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Subcutaneous Vs Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators: A Brief Review Of The Current Landscape, Henry C Zheng, Hamid Afshar

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Cardioprotective Effects Of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors And Their Possible Association With Normalization Of The Circadian Index Of Heart Rhythm, Nazile Bilgin Dogan, Hamiyet Yilmaz Yasar, Baris Kilicaslan

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Background

Updated recommendations for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) include sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and other long-established HFrEF therapies. These drugs’ mechanisms of action have yet to be fully clarified.

Objective

This study evaluated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the modulation of autonomic function at 1 month beyond conventional HF therapy.

Methods

This single-center, observational, prospective study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022. Patients with type 2 diabetes who had ischemic HFrEF and met the study criteria were considered for SGLT2 inhibitor treatment with empagliflozin or dapagliflozin. Changes in the circadian …

Idiopathic Dilatation Of The Right Atrium: Diagnosis And Management, Ljiljana Rankovic-Nicic, Milica Dragicevic-Antonic, Goran Loncar, Masa Petrovic, Zelimir Antonic, Milovan Bojic

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Idiopathic dilatation of the right atrium is a rare condition with an unknown etiology. It is characterized by a significant enlargement of the right atrium without the presence of other valvopathies, intracardiac shunts, or pulmonary hypertension. This report presents the case of a 50-year-old woman with a significantly enlarged right atrium that was identified at birth; however, a definitive diagnosis was made later in life. The patient did not have any genetic diseases. Through the help of regular follow-up, anticoagulant therapy, previous radio-frequency ablation, and antiarrhythmic medications, she was able to carry a pregnancy to full term and live a …

Circulating Neutrophil-Related Proteins Associate With Incident Heart Failure And Cardiac Dysfunction: The Aric Study, Leo F Buckley, Pranav Dorbala, Brian L Claggett, Peter Libby, Weihong Tang, Josef Coresh, Christie M Ballantyne, Ron C Hoogeveen, Bing Yu, Amil M Shah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AIMS: Neutrophil activity contributes to adverse cardiac remodelling in experimental acute cardiac injury and is modifiable with pharmacologic agents like colchicine.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Neutrophil activity-related plasma proteins known to be affected by colchicine treatment were measured at Visit 3 (1993-1995) and Visit 5 (2011-2013) of the ARIC cohort study. A protein-based neutrophil activity score was derived from 10 candidate proteins using LASSO Cox regression. Associations with incident heart failure (HF) and with cardiac function using Cox proportional hazards regression and linear regression models, respectively. The mean ages at Visits 3 and 5 were 60 ± 6 and 75 ± …

Interplay Of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors And Oxygen Therapy In Cardiovascular Medicine, Yafen Liang, Wei Ruan, Yandong Jiang, Richard Smalling, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mammals have evolved to adapt to differences in oxygen availability. Although systemic oxygen homeostasis relies on respiratory and circulatory responses, cellular adaptation to hypoxia involves the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Given that many cardiovascular diseases involve some degree of systemic or local tissue hypoxia, oxygen therapy has been used liberally over many decades for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. However, preclinical research has revealed the detrimental effects of excessive use of oxygen therapy, including the generation of toxic oxygen radicals or attenuation of endogenous protection by HIFs. In addition, investigators in clinical trials conducted in the past decade have …

Aortic Arch Reconstruction Using Nonvalved Femoral Vein Homograft In High-Risk Neonates, Kyle G Mitchell, Julija Dobrila, Blaz Podgorsek, Christopher Greenleaf, Peter Chen, Jorge D Salazar, Damien J Lapar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aortic arch obstruction is often present with complex concomitant congenital heart defects (CHDs). The use of nonvalved femoral vein homograft (FVH) to reconstruct the aortic arch has distinct surgical advantages, including simplified reconstruction. We present an intraoperative video of a Yasui procedure utilizing FVH for aortic reconstruction in a 12-day-old (2.2 kg) neonate with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, malalignment ventricular septal defect, aortic valve atresia, aortic arch hypoplasia, atrial septal defect, and ductal dependent systemic circulation. Further, we report outcomes for a series of three additional neonatal patients with complex CHD and aortic arch obstruction who underwent FVH arch …

Changes In Renal-Mesenteric Duplex Ultrasound Velocities After Fenestrated And Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair, Titia A L Sulzer, Thanila A Macedo, Nicole Strissel, Gina K Hesley, Alexander Lekah, Tiziano Tallarita, Marina Dias-Neto, Ying Huang, Emanuel R Tenorio, Andrea Vacirca, Thomas Mesnard, Aidin Baghbani-Oskouei, Safa Savadi, Jorg L De Bruin, Hence J M Verhagen, Bernardo Mendes, Gustavo S Oderich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Stenting of renal and mesenteric vessels may result in changes in velocity measurements due to arterial compliance, potentially giving rise to confusion about the presence of stenosis during follow-up. The aim of our study was to compare preoperative and postoperative changes in peak systolic velocity (PSV, cm/s) after placement of the celiac axis (CA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and renal artery (RAs) bridging stent grafts during fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (FB-EVAR) for treatment of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

Methods: Patients were enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized single-center study to evaluate FB-EVAR for treatment of …

Practical Algorithms For Early Diagnosis Of Heart Failure And Heart Stress Using Nt-Probnp: A Clinical Consensus Statement From The Heart Failure Association Of The Esc, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Kieran F Docherty, Mark C Petrie, James L Januzzi, Christian Mueller, Lisa Anderson, Biykem Bozkurt, Javed Butler, Ovidiu Chioncel, John G F Cleland, Ruxandra Christodorescu, Stefano Del Prato, Finn Gustafsson, Carolyn S P Lam, Brenda Moura, Rodica Pop-Busui, Petar Seferovic, Maurizio Volterrani, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Marco Metra, Giuseppe Rosano

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Diagnosing heart failure is often difficult due to the non-specific nature of symptoms, which can be caused by a range of medical conditions. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) have been recognized as important biomarkers for diagnosing heart failure. This document from the Heart Failure Association examines the practical uses of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in various clinical scenarios. The concentrations of NT-proBNP vary according to the patient profile and the clinical scenario, therefore values should be interpreted with caution to ensure appropriate diagnosis. Validated cut-points are provided to rule in or rule out acute heart failure in the emergency department and …

Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis Investigating Links Between Unprocessed Red Meat Intake And Markers Of Inflammation, Alexis C Wood, Goncalo Graca, Meghana Gadgil, Mackenzie K Senn, Matthew A Allison, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Philip Greenland, Timothy Ebbels, Paul Elliott, Mark O Goodarzi, Russell Tracy, Jerome I Rotter, David Herrington

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Whether red meat consumption is associated with higher inflammation or confounded by increased adiposity remains unclear. Plasma metabolites capture the effects of diet after food is processed, digested, and absorbed, and correlate with markers of inflammation, so they can help clarify diet-health relationships.

OBJECTIVE: To identify whether any metabolites associated with red meat intake are also associated with inflammation.

METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of observational data from older adults (52.84% women, mean age 63 ± 0.3 y) participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Dietary intake was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire, alongside C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-2, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, …

Obesity Dominates Early Effects On Cardiac Structure And Arterial Stiffness In People With Type 2 Diabetes, Layla A Abushamat, Daniel Enge, Takashi Fujiwara, Michal Schäfer, Ethan W Clark, Erin K Englund, Rebecca L Scalzo, Aspen Johnston, Deirdre Rafferty, Irene E Schauer, Mary O Whipple, Kendall Hunter, Amy G Huebschmann, Kristen J Nadeau, Kelly Jarvis, Alex J Barker, Judith G Regensteiner, Jane E B Reusch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are global epidemics leading to excess cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates standard and novel cardiac MRI parameters to detect subclinical cardiac and central vascular dysfunction in inactive people with and without T2D.

METHODS: Physically inactive age and BMI-similar premenopausal women and men with ( n  = 22) and without [ n  = 34, controls with overweight/obesity (CWO)] uncomplicated T2D were compared to an age-similar and sex-similar reference control cohort ( n  = 20). Left ventricular (LV) structure, function, and aortic stiffness were assessed by MRI. Global arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) was …

Improving Outcomes For Infants After Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery For Congenital Heart Disease: A Commentary On Recent Randomized Controlled Trials, Luregn J Schlapbach, Kristen S Gibbons, Warwick Butt, Prince J Kannankeril, Jennifer S Li, Kevin D Hill

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The recent NITRIC and STRESS trials demonstrate opportunities to perform pragmatic large randomized trials in congenital heart disease. We discuss lessons learnt from these trials which can inform future trial design and conduct in the field of pediatric heart surgery.