Other Medical Sciences Commons^™

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Subcallosal Cingulate Gyrus In The Treatment Of Treatment Resistant Depression, Megan Caravas, Melanie Sov

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: a systematic review to determine the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG) for the treatment of treatment resistant depression (TRD). Methods: PubMed database was utilized in a search for clinical randomized control trials that were completed after the year 2000, using the terms deep brain stimulation, treatment resistant depression, and subcallosal cingulate gyrus. Results: Three clinical trials were chosen based on specific inclusion criteria as noted in the PRISMA flow chart (Chart 1). The results of the three articles showed various discrepancies. Two of the three studies demonstrated some statistical significance in reduction …

Short Term Effects Of Electronic Cigarettes On Pulmonary Function In Healthy Adult Smokers When Compared To Conventional Cigarette Use, Kayleen Lynch, Rachel Bastianelli

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) first appeared on the U.S. market in 20071 , but to date, little is known about their safety. Concern about long term adverse effects on overall health continues to increase as we explore the potential of e-cigarettes to aid in smoking cessation practices. E-cigarettes have gained popularity and support through this idea that by using them to help patients quit smoking, the benefits of ultimately abstaining from tobacco use will outweigh the harms associated with e-cigarette use¹ . While the idea of reducing tobacco usage by any means possible remains the goal for most providers, …

Apneic Oxygenation: An Adjunctive Therapy For Laryngoscopy During Anesthesia Induction, Yaro Hoffman

Doctoral Projects

Endotracheal intubation is an essential component within the skill set of anesthesia providers. Rapid arterial desaturation remains a primary risk factor during laryngoscopy and intubation. The risk for hypoxemia exists because during endotracheal intubation, patients are apneic or hypo-ventilating (Wong et al., 2017). Apneic oxygenation (AO) has been advocated to attenuate hypoxemia during endotracheal intubation (Pavlov et al., 2017).

The aim of this project was to assess for any knowledge deficits regarding AO among anesthesia providers and assess the willingness of these providers to include AO into their current practice. The project investigator conducted an education session involving the …

Medicine And Surgery Residents' Perspectives On The Impact Of Covid-19 On Graduate Medical Education., Tanvi Rana, Christopher Hackett, Timothy Quezada, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Veli Bakalov, Jody Leonardo, Sandeep Rana

COVID-19 Papers, Posters, and Presentations

The COVID-19 crisis has had an unprecedented impact on resident education and well-being: social distancing guidelines have limited patient volumes and forced virtual learning, while personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages, school/daycare closures, and visa restrictions have served as additional stressors. Our study aimed to analyze the effects of COVID-19 crisis-related stressors on residents' professional and personal lives. In April 2020, we administered a survey to residents at a large academic hospital system in order to assess the impact of the pandemic on residency training after >6 weeks of a modified schedule. The primary outcome was to determine which factors or …

Nuclear-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles Enhance The Effects Of Radiation Therapy With And Without Liposomal Delivery, Maureen Aliru

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Less that 10% of pancreatic cancer patients are eligible for curative resection, and clinical trials evaluating chemoradiation in locally advanced patients with unresectable disease have been largely disappointing. New and creative therapeutic approaches are needed to address the unment need for treatment options. The objective of this thesis is to advance radiosensitization of treatment-resistant densely desmoplastic pancreatic cancer using nanoparticles to surmount biological barriers to effective particle distribution for DNA-targeting.

Clinical translation of radiosensitizing nanoparticles has stalled owing to technical challenges. Current strategies to use AuNPs for radiosensitization require large quantities of gold, kilovoltage x-rays, immediate irradiation after intravenous administration, …

Clinical Decision Science: Proof Of Concept, James Peter Meza Md, Phd, Nicholus Yee Md, Bennett Riddering Md, Ali Nasrallah Md, Urtė Zableckas Ms, Mbbs

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

Clinical decision science, a newly identified area of scholarship, describes how clinical research is used for a patient, within the context of their unique social conditions. We hypothesize that physicians use sociocultural context as an important input to their decision making. We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind mixed methods study. Family medicine faculty and residents at a community hospital family medicine residency were included in the study. After academic journal club discussing a primary research paper, physicians were asked if they would prescribe medication for a patient who was similar to the subjects in a research paper. However, social and …

Identification Of Ecg Anomalies Through Deep Deterministic Learning, Uzair Iqbal

Student Works (2020-2029)

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a primary diagnostic tool for measuring the malfunctioning of the heart muscles in the context of morbidity of different cardiac diseases and arrhythmia. Different existing techniques and methods delivered accurate cardiac diseases myocardial infarction (heart stroke) and atrial fibrillation recognition. However, there are still some flaws in existing methods like recognition of special myocardial infarction situation flattened T wave in “Non-Specific ST-T Changes (nsst-t)” and reduction of computational cost in cardiac diseases recognition. Accurate recognition of cardiac diseases along with least computational complexity and feature analysis of flattened T wave in myocardial infarction remains an open job. …

An Exploration Of Pediatricians’ Personal Value On Mental Health: Experience With Integrated Healthcare And Its Impact On Physicians’ Lives, Bridget Anton, Jason D. Reynolds 4858637

The Qualitative Report

An integrated healthcare model incorporates behavioral health services into a medical setting to address patients’ physical, emotional, and behavioral healthcare concerns. The integrated healthcare model has been associated with positive patient satisfaction and health outcomes, yet limited studies have examined, using qualitative methods, physicians’ experiences of working alongside behavioral health consultants (BHCs) in integrated healthcare settings. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with pediatricians (N=4) working in an integrated healthcare model. Participants shared that as pediatricians they received personal, educational, and organizational benefits from an integrated healthcare model. Pediatricians also reported increased knowledge in effectively addressing mental health concerns for …

Modeling Anatomic Changes For Adaptive Radiotherapy In Locally Advanced Lung Cancer Patient Population, James Alexander Kavanaugh

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Anatomic changes occurring mid-treatment for patients undergoing radiation therapy for locally advanced lung cancer can degrade the quality of the intended treatment plan. These changes include tumor regression, geometric misalignment, and lung density changes (atelectasis and pleural effusion), and are visible on the daily 3D cone beam CT (CBCT). To maintain the intended treatment quality, adaptive radiotherapy (ART) can be employed to modify the treatment plan to account for these anatomic changes. However, the evaluation on when to adapt is currently completed manually by the treating clinicians, resulting in a subjective and inconsistent application. To address these limitations, a series …

Bibliometric Analysis Of Bioscience Trends Journal (2007-2017): Knowledge Dynamics And Visualization, Anis Fuad, Yuan-Chii Gladys Lee, Chien-Yeh Hsu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

BioScience Trends (BST) is a peer-reviewed journal belongs to the International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement (IRCA-BSSA) Group of Japan. Despite a decade of existence, no study was performed to measure the bibliometric profile of the journal. The objective of this study was to investigate the bibliometric characteristic of BST. A bibliometric analysis will specifically measure: 1) growth rate of the scientific publications, 2) dynamics of authorship and collaboration pattern; 3) core research themes of articles that have been published, and 4) citation pattern of BST. Bibliographical archives of BST were obtained from the Core Collection …

Chronic Pain, Sleep Disruption, And Work Performance In The Military, Jeffrey Ransom

Dissertations

Abstract

Background and Significance: Managing pain is a challenge for many organizations, including the U.S. military. The added complication of managing sleep disruption compounds the issue. Examining pain and sleep disruption in the context of work performance within the military is critical to understanding the impact of these conditions on our nation’s fighting forces.

Purpose: Examine the associations of chronic pain and sleep disruption in the context of work performance among active duty military service members.

Research Aims: 1) Describe sociodemographic characteristics, military service characteristics, clinical characteristics, and work performance of active duty service members, 2) Examine relationships between these …

The Use Of Animal-Assisted Therapeutic Interventions In The Hospital Setting During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Alicia Cesare

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Handlers of therapy and/or facility dogs working within hospital settings have experienced various barriers and challenges within their practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Animal-assisted interventions, specifically therapeutic working dogs, are a valued source of support to individuals, communities, hospital settings, and disaster sites during times of community distress. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers and solutions to the continued use of animal-assisted therapeutic interventions in support of patients and families within the hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. This researcher’s position within the research is the knowledge and experience of being a facility dog handler within the …

A Grief All Its Own, Mary Blumenfeld

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

No abstract provided.

A Novel Signature Based On Microvascular Invasion Predicts The Recurrence Of Hcc., Binbin Du, Fang Wang, Beers Jarad, Zhihui Wang, Yanzhou Zhang

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, microvascular invasion (MVI) is associated with worse outcomes regardless of treatment. No single reliable preoperative factor exists to predict MVI. The aim of the work described here was to develop a new MVI- based mRNA biomarker to differentiate between high and low risk patients.

METHODS: Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we collected data from 315 HCC patients, including mRNA expression and complete clinical data. We generated a seven-mRNA signature to predict patient outcomes. The mRNA signature was validated using the GSE36376 cohort. Finally, we tested the formula in our own …

Differential Effects Of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Vs. Methadone On Quality Of Life Over Time: A Subset Of The Bravo Study (Buprenorphine To Improve Hiv Care Engagement And Outcomes: A Randomized Trial), Ali Mirzazadeh Javaheri

University Honors Theses

Health-related Quality of Life (QoL) is generally poorer in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in comparison with those suffering from other chronic diseases. Little is known about the difference each buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) or methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) may make in the QoL for the HIV-infected people with OUD who are new to HIV care. The objective of this study is to evaluate the difference in the impact that BUP/NX and MMT treatment delivery models make on the QoL of the HIV-infected participants with OUD in Vietnam.

This study was a subset of the BRAVO study, buprenorphine to improve HIV …

Education And Safety For Children With Autism To Prevent Elopement (E.S.C.A.P.E.) Kits, Silvia Pereira-Smith, Jessie Montezuma, Nicole Vonada, Laura A. Carpenter, Andrea Boan

MUSC Conference Presentations

Per a study published in 2019, two-thirds of patients with autism seen by the Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics (DBP) at MUSC engaged in elopement behavior, a potentially life-threatening behavior also known as wandering, that can lead to serious injury or death. E.S.C.A.P.E. kits were created by Dr. Pereira and the MUSC DBP autism research team in 2017 to help prevent elopement. Original kits included a door/window alarm, child ID kit, stop sign visual aids, ID bracelet, and printed materials with additional prevention tips. Initial survey data showed that 17 of 22 caregivers who completed surveys after receiving a kit reported …

The Impact Of Genetic Counseling On Direct-To-Consumer And Patient-Initiated Testing, Jennifer Hull

KGI Theses and Dissertations

Direct-to-consumer (DTC) testing provides consumers access to genetic testing without involvement or advice from a genetics specialist. While the expansion of DTC testing has increased consumer access to genetic interpretations, these reports can often provide a false sense of security and rarely cover enough genetic information to make significant interpretations about disease risk. Patient-initiated testing involves consumers seeking out and ordering more comprehensive genetic testing on a cash pay basis. A patient’s self-reported medical and family history is reviewed by a clinician before the test is ordered. These tests are often similar to clinically ordered genetic tests, including large panels …

Differences In Brain Morphometry Associated With Creative Performance In High- And Average-Creative Achievers., Evangelia G Chrysikou, Christopher Wertz, David B Yaden, Scott Barry Kaufman, Donna Bacon, Nancy Wintering, Rex E Jung, Andrew B. Newberg, Md

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Nearly everyone has the ability for creative thought. Yet, certain individuals create works that propel their fields, challenge paradigms, and advance the world. What are the neurobiological factors that might underlie such prominent creative achievement? In this study, we focus on morphometric differences in brain structure between high creative achievers from diverse fields of expertise and a 'smart' comparison group of age-, intelligence-, and education-matched average creative achievers. Participants underwent a high-resolution structural brain imaging scan and completed a series of intelligence, creative thinking, personality, and creative achievement measures. We examined whether high and average creative achievers could be distinguished …

A Protocol Driven Stroke Code's Impact On Door-To-Needle Times, Jesse Osborne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is most effective the faster it is able to be administered to a patient that has been affected by stroke. A Stroke Code is a strategy that acute care facilities implement to reduce the time from diagnosing a stroke to administering tPA. The purpose of this study was to determine if the initiation of a Stroke Code in an acute care hospital reduces the door-to-needle time for patients affected by a stroke. In particular, does a Stroke Code reduce door-to-needle times. The research was conducted using data from April 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 (pre-Stroke …

Implementing Inter-Professional Patient-Family Centered Plan Of Care Meetings On An Inpatient Hospital Unit, Nicolas Hernandez, Alice Fornari, Sage Rose, Leanne Tortez

Patient Experience Journal

Inpatient plan of care meetings support efforts to encourage collaborative practice and patient-family centered care and result in an effective strategy to enhance communication and patient satisfaction. Clinical team members participated in patient/family centered plan of care meetings at a community hospital in a selected inpatient unit with full time hospitalist physicians. Quantitative data were gathered pre/post implementation from the external Hospital Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers (HCAHPS) survey. HCAHPS data were collected independently, specifically for questions related to communication between patients, family members/guardians and the medical team and also the effects of care transition. There was a slow …

Challenges Of Pediatric Disease In Adulthood, Dennis J. Baumgardner, Brian Chicoine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Some chronic diseases — such as the rare bone disease X-linked hypophosphatemia, the impetus for a study reported within Volume 7, Issue 2 of the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews — are diagnosed in childhood but become more symptomatic in adulthood. In this editorial, the challenges, pitfalls, and opportunities regarding the care of adults with childhood-onset chronic diseases are examined using Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, congenital heart disease, and Hirschsprung disease as examples.

How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent Covid-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle, Ravi K. Kamepalli Md,Fidsa,Cwsp

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Repeatability, Reproducibility, Agreement, And Safety Of Tono-Pen Tip Cover For Intraocular Measurement Using Latex And Polyethylene Wrap, Pukkapol Suvannachart

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Tono-Pen® is a regularly used device. A tip cover is needed to prevent damage to the transducer tip and patient-to-patient contamination. Ocufilm® (OF), latex disposable tip cover, is costly and able to cause allergic reactions. Objective: To evaluate repeatability, reproducibility, and agreement of intraocular pressure measurement with Tono-Pen® using OF and polyethylene wrap tip cover (PE) in human eyes. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, experimental study. For the right eyes, 4 measurements using PE were done by two raters (A and B) in random order to assess intra-rater repeatability and inter-rater reproducibility. For left eyes, 4 measurements …

Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping (Dcc) Compared To Early Cord Clamping (Ecc) In Preterm Infants, Madelynn Fretto

Capstone Showcase

Early cord clamping (ECC) versus delayed cord clamping (DCC) has been studied in preterm infants. The question that was researched is, in pregnant women who are giving birth [P], does delayed umbilical cord clamping (DCC) [I] as compared to early cord clamping [C] improve outcome of preterm infants born before 37 weeks gestation [O]? Results showed preterm infants with DCC had increased hematocrit and hemoglobin, decreasing their risk of anemia. There was not a significant difference in the incidence of jaundice between the two groups. Results suggested DCC has long-term neuroprotective effects. There were no significant differences in intraventricular hemorrhage …

Will Pitch Velocity Remain Consistent Throughout A Competitive Baseball Season Following Blood Flow Restriction: An Observational Study, Mackenzie Marie Evans

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context: Blood flow restriction (BFR) has previously been used in a rehabilitation setting to decrease the external load applied to post-surgical patients and those with chronic debilitating conditions. BFR in a performance context has been explored minimally, particularly as it applies to baseball pitching over time. Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the trend in throwing velocity of fastballs with BFR implementation over one competitive season. Design: This study was a retrospective longitudinal design on pitching velocity of fastballs throughout a competitive season. Setting: The data collection and analysis was completed at …

Lew.1wr1 Rats Have Increased Beta Cell Area And Decreased Pancreas Area During Their T1d Susceptibility Window, Evann Fowler

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Using Batman Software To Analyze Metabolic Changes In Type 1 Diabetes-Susceptible Rats, Connor Hall

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

Developing A Novel Bioink From Hyaluronic Acid-Alginate-Silk Fibroin (Ha- Alg-Sf) For Cartilage 3d Printing, Truc Thanh Nguyen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In the development of a bioink for cartilage 3D printing, Hyaluronic acid (HA), Alginate (Alg) were modified into amine-hyaluronic acid (HA-NH2) and aldehyde alginate (Alg-CHO). Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful modification of HA-NH2 and Alg-CHO. The hydrogel HA-Alg was crosslinked as a result of Schiff's base reaction, between primary amines and aldehydes to form imine bonds. By varying volume ratios, the optimal hydrogel HA-Alg (5:5) exhibited its printability, biocompatibility, and functionality as a bioink for cartilage tissue. HA-Alg (5:5) was printable with a custom-made extrusion 3D printer, had slow degradation, shear-thinning behavior, …

The Performance Effect Of Scheduled Carbohydrate And Caffeine Intake During Simulated Team Sport Match-Play, John Keane, Aidan Shovlin, Simon Devenney, Shane Malone, Damien Young, Giuseppe Coratella, Kieran Collins, Marcus Shortall

Articles

The aim of the current investigation was to identify the effects of scheduled carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) supplementation on simulated team sport match-play performance. Ten male hurling players completed three hurling match-play simulation protocols (HSP) performed 7 days apart in a double-blind, randomized design. Supplementation included CHO, CHO + CAF, and placebo (PLA). In a randomized order, participants ingested either a 6% CHO solution, a PLA solution of similar taste, or a combined intake of 6% CHO solution + 200 mg CAF capsule. At specific time points (Pre-0 min; half time (HT)-30 min; full time (FT)-60 min), participants completed …