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Medical Toxicology Commons

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Mitochondria

Theses/Dissertations

University of Kentucky

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Full-Text Articles in Medical Toxicology

Mnsod And Autophagy In Prevention Of Oxidative Mitochondrial Injuries Induced By Uvb In Murine Skin, Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu Jan 2012

Mnsod And Autophagy In Prevention Of Oxidative Mitochondrial Injuries Induced By Uvb In Murine Skin, Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

UVB radiation is a known environmental carcinogen that causes DNA damage and increase ROS generation in mitochondria. Accumulating evidence suggests that mtDNA damage and increased ROS generation trigger mitochondrial translocation of p53. Within mitochondria, p53 interacts with nucleoid macromolecular complexes such as mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD, mitochondrial DNA polymerase Polγ, and mtDNA. Mitochondria are considered to be a potential source for damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as mtDNA, cytochrome C, ATP, and formyl peptides. Intracytoplasmic release of DAMPs can trigger inflammasome formation and programmed cell death processes. Autophagic clearance of mitochondria with compromised integrity can inhibit inflammatory and cell death processes. …


Nitration And Inactivation Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Plays A Critical Role In Metabolic Switch, Muthuswamy Anantharaman Jan 2008

Nitration And Inactivation Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Plays A Critical Role In Metabolic Switch, Muthuswamy Anantharaman

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress hypothesis is most prevalent and is gaining significant support. Inspite of the progress achieved on oxidative stress related damages in AD brain; the modification occurring on the various cellular antioxidant enzymes antioxidant has not been identified. Tyrosine nitration, a marker for peroxynitrite induced oxidative damage to protein is widespread in AD brain and Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), primary mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme is prone to peroxynitrite induced nitration and inactivation. Nitration of proteins involved in energy metabolism has been demonstrated in AD brain, which may explain the altered glucose …