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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Medical Physiology
Hepatocyte Peroxisome Biogenesis And Phytol-Induced Metabolic Stress In Liver Disease, William Galloway
Hepatocyte Peroxisome Biogenesis And Phytol-Induced Metabolic Stress In Liver Disease, William Galloway
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Hepatocyte peroxisomes are required for metabolism of phytol-derived branched-chain fatty acids through the ACOX2-SCPx beta-oxidation pathway. This study tests whether hepatocyte-specific deletion of PEX16 (Pex16Alb-Cre), which eliminates peroxisome biogenesis, sensitizes the liver to phytol-induced injury. The Pex16Alb-Cre mice and their normal control Pex16fl/fl mice were fed the Lieber-DeCarli liquid with or without 0.1 percent phytol for eight weeks. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver index were measured. Liver sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome. Immunoblot analysis of peroxisomal enzyme expression was also performed. Phytol had no effect in Pex16fl/fl mice as …
Industrial Explosion Survival After Presenting To A Rural Hospital: A Case Report, Carol L. Wright Becker, Roger Tillotson, William Krantz, Brad End, Stephanie Rellick, Emily Nutter
Industrial Explosion Survival After Presenting To A Rural Hospital: A Case Report, Carol L. Wright Becker, Roger Tillotson, William Krantz, Brad End, Stephanie Rellick, Emily Nutter
Marshall Journal of Medicine
Explosions can lead to numerous injuries.1 Studies show that trauma mortality increases by 14% when patients are treated at rural hospitals compared to non-rural facilities.2 A 43-year-old male arrived at a rural hospital with injuries from an explosion, where only a single board-certified emergency physician was on duty. The patient's polytrauma was severe, resulting in bilateral orbital compartment syndrome and Cushing's triad. Remarkably, he survived these extensive injuries. Despite the limitations of rural healthcare, such as restricted equipment, medications, and longer transfer times, rural emergency physicians should remain optimistic and help guide future management. This high-acuity, low-frequency trauma …
Ogilvie's Syndrome: Acute Colonic Pseudoobstruction. A Review For Residents., Tyler Bayliss, Caleb Clark, Errington C. Thompson
Ogilvie's Syndrome: Acute Colonic Pseudoobstruction. A Review For Residents., Tyler Bayliss, Caleb Clark, Errington C. Thompson
Marshall Journal of Medicine
Ogilvie's syndrome (acute colonic pseudoobstruction) was first described in 1948. Acute colonic pseudoobstruction can occur in a variety of clinical settings, including postsurgical, obstetrics, pelvic surgery, critical care and sepsis. Clinicians need to recognize the syndrome early. Colonic distention without evidence of obstruction can be seen on plain films of the abdomen or CT scan. Successful therapies, including bowel rest, neostigmine and colonoscopic decompression, have been used. Avoiding respiratory compromise from abdominal distention and colonic perforation of the primary goals of treatment. Surgical intervention should be reserved for patients who are refractory to medical treatment or develops signs and symptoms …
Examining The Impact Of Firearm Recoil During A Round Of Trap Shooting On Neurometabolic Changes Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury, Lakota Jones
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
The CDC identifies concussion as a blunt, blow, or jolt to the head resulting in brain injury. Shooting sports do not impose a direct blow to the head but instead inflict rapid acceleration to the brain via recoil transfer. Exposure to rapid, repetitive recoil may cause physiological disturbances in the brain, therefore resulting in mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Chronic recoil transfer and overpressure exposure influencing neurometabolic changes of TBI have yet to be measured. The objective of this study was to examine kinetic energy experienced in trap and skeet shooters following one round of shooting in comparison to neurometabolic …
Role Of Atp1a1 In Skeletal Muscle Growth And Metabolism, Laura C. Kutz
Role Of Atp1a1 In Skeletal Muscle Growth And Metabolism, Laura C. Kutz
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Skeletal muscle comprises approximately 30% of total body mass, and loss of muscle mass and dysfunctional muscle metabolism are implicated in multiple disease states, including type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and septic shock. As such, understanding the mechanisms of skeletal muscle growth and atrophy, including pharmaceutical targets that may prove safe and effective, is therefore an important goal of current research on skeletal muscle physiology. One potential target in skeletal muscle development and function that has not been fully explored is the Na/KATPase (NKA), especially the α1 isoform. This isoform has a unique signaling function that has previously been shown …
Naktide Targeted To Adipocytes Ameliorates Western Diet Induced Obesity, Rebecca D. Pratt
Naktide Targeted To Adipocytes Ameliorates Western Diet Induced Obesity, Rebecca D. Pratt
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic and is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome. It is believed that cellular oxidant stress plays a key role in both the development and maintenance of obesity as well as its associated comorbidities such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We have previously reported that systemic administration of pNaKtide, which targets the Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification loop was able to decrease oxidative stress and adiposity in mice fed a high fat and fructose supplemented western diet (WD). As adipocytes are believed to play an active role in the development of obesity and …
Na/K-Atpase Amplification Of Oxidant Stress; A Universal But Unrecognized Clinical Target?, Zijian Xie, Phd, Joseph I. Shapiro, Md
Na/K-Atpase Amplification Of Oxidant Stress; A Universal But Unrecognized Clinical Target?, Zijian Xie, Phd, Joseph I. Shapiro, Md
Marshall Journal of Medicine
The Na/K-ATPase has a signaling function which appears to be separate from its ion pumping function. This signaling function refers to the transduction of conformational changes in the Na/K-ATPase alpha1 subunit into activating Src’s tyrosine kinase activity, triggering a cascade which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), modulates other signaling pathways, and causes many physiological and pathophysiological effects. We have recently observed that ROS themselves as well as cardiotonic steroids can actually initiate the signal by directly inducing conformational changes in alpha1. It therefore appears that the Na/K-ATPase signal cascade can serve as a feed forward amplification for ROS with circulating …
Electrospun Nanofibers For Neural Tissue Engineering, Jingwei Xie, Matthew R. Macewan, Andrea G. Schwartz, Younan Xia
Electrospun Nanofibers For Neural Tissue Engineering, Jingwei Xie, Matthew R. Macewan, Andrea G. Schwartz, Younan Xia
MIIR Faculty Research
Biodegradable nanofibers produced by electrospinning represent a new class of promising scaffolds to support nerve regeneration. We begin with a brief discussion on electrospinning of nanofibers and methods for controlling the structure, porosity, and alignment of the electrospun nanofibers. The methods include control of the nanoscale morphology and microscale alignment for the nanofibers, as well as the fabrication of macroscale, three-dimensional tubular structures. We then highlight recent studies that utilize electrospun nanofibers to manipulate biological processes relevant to nervous tissue regeneration, including stem cell differentiation, guidance of neurite extension, and peripheral nerve injury treatments. The main objective of this feature …