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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Medical Molecular Biology
Clinical Application Of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review, Mary Cook, Aman Chauhan
Clinical Application Of Oncolytic Viruses: A Systematic Review, Mary Cook, Aman Chauhan
Internal Medicine Faculty Publications
Leveraging the immune system to thwart cancer is not a novel strategy and has been explored via cancer vaccines and use of immunomodulators like interferons. However, it was not until the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors that we realized the true potential of immunotherapy in combating cancer. Oncolytic viruses are one such immunotherapeutic tool that is currently being explored in cancer therapeutics. We present the most comprehensive systematic review of all oncolytic viruses in Phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trials published to date. We performed a systematic review of all published clinical trials indexed in PubMed that utilized oncolytic …
Upregulation Of Cpt1a Is Essential For The Tumor-Promoting Effect Of Adipocytes In Colon Cancer, Xiaopeng Xiong, Yang-An Wen, Rachelle Fairchild, Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva, Heidi L. Weiss, B. Mark Evers, Tianyan Gao
Upregulation Of Cpt1a Is Essential For The Tumor-Promoting Effect Of Adipocytes In Colon Cancer, Xiaopeng Xiong, Yang-An Wen, Rachelle Fairchild, Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva, Heidi L. Weiss, B. Mark Evers, Tianyan Gao
Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications
Colon tumors grow in an adipose tissue-enriched microenvironment. Locally advanced colon cancers often invade into surrounding adipose tissue with a direct contact with adipocytes. We have previously shown that adipocytes promote tumor growth by modulating cellular metabolism. Here we demonstrate that carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1A), a key enzyme controlling fatty acid oxidation (FAO), was upregulated in colon cancer cells upon exposure to adipocytes or fatty acids. In addition, CPT1A expression was increased in invasive tumor cells within the adipose tissue compared to tumors without direct contact with adipocytes. Silencing CPT1A abolished the protective effect provided by fatty acids against nutrient …
Epigenetic Targeting Of Mcl-1 Is Synthetically Lethal With Bcl-Xl/Bcl-2 Inhibition In Model Systems Of Glioblastoma, Enyuan Shang, Trang T. T. Nguyen, Chang Shu, Mike-Andrew Westhoff, Georg Karpel-Massler, Markus D. Siegelin
Epigenetic Targeting Of Mcl-1 Is Synthetically Lethal With Bcl-Xl/Bcl-2 Inhibition In Model Systems Of Glioblastoma, Enyuan Shang, Trang T. T. Nguyen, Chang Shu, Mike-Andrew Westhoff, Georg Karpel-Massler, Markus D. Siegelin
Publications and Research
Apoptotic resistance remains a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, and a better understanding of this process may result in more efficient treatments. By utilizing chromatin immunoprecipitation with next-generation sequencing (CHIP-seq), we discovered that GBMs harbor a super enhancer around the Mcl-1 locus, a gene that has been known to confer cell death resistance in GBM.We utilized THZ1, a known super-enhancer blocker, and BH3-mimetics, including ABT263, WEHI-539, and ABT199. Combined treatment with BH3-mimetics and THZ1 led to synergistic growth reduction in GBM models. Reduction in cellular viability was accompanied by significant cell death induction …
Inhibition Of Hdac1/2 Along With Trap1 Causes Synthetic Lethality In Glioblastoma Model Systems, Trang T. T. Nguyen, Yiru Zhang, Enyuan Shang, Chang Shu, Catarina M. Quinzii, Mike-Andrew Westhoff, Georg Karpel-Massler, Markus D. Siegelin
Inhibition Of Hdac1/2 Along With Trap1 Causes Synthetic Lethality In Glioblastoma Model Systems, Trang T. T. Nguyen, Yiru Zhang, Enyuan Shang, Chang Shu, Catarina M. Quinzii, Mike-Andrew Westhoff, Georg Karpel-Massler, Markus D. Siegelin
Publications and Research
The heterogeneity of glioblastomas, the most common primary malignant brain tumor, remains a significant challenge for the treatment of these devastating tumors. Therefore, novel combination treatments are warranted. Here, we showed that the combined inhibition of TRAP1 by gamitrinib and histone deacetylases (HDAC1/HDAC2) through romidepsin or panobinostat caused synergistic growth reduction of established and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) glioblastoma cells. This was accompanied by enhanced cell death with features of apoptosis and activation of caspases. The combination treatment modulated the levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, including BIM and Noxa, Mcl-1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Silencing of Noxa, BAK and …
Machine Learning Prediction Of Glioblastoma Patient One-Year Survival, Andrew Du '20, Warren Mcgee, Jane Y. Wu
Machine Learning Prediction Of Glioblastoma Patient One-Year Survival, Andrew Du '20, Warren Mcgee, Jane Y. Wu
Student Publications & Research
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a grade IV astrocytoma formed primarily from cancerous astrocytes and sustained by intense angiogenesis. GBM often causes non-specific symptoms, creating difficulty for diagnosis. This study aimed to utilize machine learning techniques to provide an accurate one-year survival prognosis for GBM patients using clinical and genomic data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machines (SVM), random forest (RF), and ensemble models were used to identify and select predictors for GBM survival and to classify patients into those with an overall survival (OS) of less than one year and one year or greater. With …
Examining The Role Of Metabolic Pathways As Therapeutic Modalities For Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jeremy Andrew Johnson
Examining The Role Of Metabolic Pathways As Therapeutic Modalities For Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jeremy Andrew Johnson
Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 15-20% of breast cancers, affects a younger patient population than other subtypes, and is very aggressive. TNBC is comprised of a diverse group of tumors that have proven refractory to targeted therapy and can be difficult to treat. Patients generally receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), surgery, and radiotherapy. The standard of care for NAC includes a taxane, an anthracycline, and/or cyclophosphamide, and administration of NAC has resulted in pathological complete response (pCR) in 30-40% of patients. However, a majority of TNBC patients will not reach pCR and instead have residual disease (RD), which is associated …