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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Medical Genetics
Hydroxyurea And Acute Painful Crises In Sickle Cell Anemia: Effects On Hospital Length Of Stay And Opioid Utilization During Hospitalization, Outpatient Acute Care Contacts, And At Home, Samir K. Ballas, Md, Facp, Robert L. Bauserman, Phd, William F. Mccarthy, Phd, Oswaldo L. Castro, Md, Wally R. Smith, Md, Myron A. Waclawiw, Phd
Hydroxyurea And Acute Painful Crises In Sickle Cell Anemia: Effects On Hospital Length Of Stay And Opioid Utilization During Hospitalization, Outpatient Acute Care Contacts, And At Home, Samir K. Ballas, Md, Facp, Robert L. Bauserman, Phd, William F. Mccarthy, Phd, Oswaldo L. Castro, Md, Wally R. Smith, Md, Myron A. Waclawiw, Phd
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Recurrent acute sickle cell painful crises are the hallmark of sickle cell anemia. These events may be mild, moderate or severe in nature and often require treatment at home, in acute care facilities as outpatients, and in the hospital with oral and/or parenteral opioids. The type, dose, route & frequency of administration of opioids, as well as the length of hospital stay (LOS), are not well known for adults with sickle cell anemia (SS). We analyzed these aspects in the 299 patients enrolled in the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea (MSH) in SS. For these patients there were 16818 home diaries, …
Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Review Of Pathophysiologic Mechanisms., Anthony Flynn, Bhalaghuru Chokkalingam Mani, Paul J Mather
Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Review Of Pathophysiologic Mechanisms., Anthony Flynn, Bhalaghuru Chokkalingam Mani, Paul J Mather
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Cardiac dysfunction is a well-recognized complication of severe sepsis and septic shock. Cardiac dysfunction in sepsis is characterized by ventricular dilatation, reduction in ejection fraction and reduced contractility. Initially, cardiac dysfunction was considered to occur only during the "hypodynamic" phase of shock. But we now know that it occurs very early in sepsis even during the "hyperdynamic" phase of septic shock. Circulating blood-borne factors were suspected to be involved in the evolution of sepsis induced cardiomyopathy, but it is not until recently that the cellular and molecular events are being targeted by researchers in a quest to understand this enigmatic …
Leg Ulcers In Sickle Cell Disease., Caterina P Minniti, James Eckman, Paola Sebastiani, Martin H Steinberg, Samir K. Ballas
Leg Ulcers In Sickle Cell Disease., Caterina P Minniti, James Eckman, Paola Sebastiani, Martin H Steinberg, Samir K. Ballas
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Sickle cell disease is a single amino acid molecular disorder of hemoglobin leading to its pathological polymerization, red cell rigidity that causes poor microvascular blood flow, with consequent tissue ischemia and infarction. The manifestations of this disease are protean.Among them, leg ulcers represent a particularly disabling and chronic complication, often associated with a more severe clinical course.Despite the fact that this complication has been recognized since the early times of SCD, there has been little improvement in the efficacy of its management and clinical outcome over the past 100 years. Recently, vasculopathic abnormalities involving abnormal vascular tone and activated, adhesive …
A Role For The Histone Deacetylase Hdac4 In The Life-Cycle Of Hiv-1-Based Vectors., Johanna A Smith, Jennifer Yeung, Gary D Kao, René Daniel
A Role For The Histone Deacetylase Hdac4 In The Life-Cycle Of Hiv-1-Based Vectors., Johanna A Smith, Jennifer Yeung, Gary D Kao, René Daniel
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
HIV-1 integration is mediated by the HIV-1 integrase protein, which joins 3'-ends of viral DNA to host cell DNA. To complete the integration process, HIV-1 DNA has to be joined to host cell DNA also at the 5'-ends. This process is called post-integration repair (PIR). Integration and PIR involve a number of cellular co-factors. These proteins exhibit different degrees of involvement in integration and/or PIR. Some are required for efficient integration or PIR. On the other hand, some reduce the efficiency of integration. Finally, some are involved in integration site selection. We have studied the role of the histone deacetylase …
The Risks And Benefits Of Long-Term Use Of Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Anemia: A 17.5 Year Follow-Up., M. H. Steinberg, W. F. Mccarthy, O. Castro, S. K. Ballas, F. D. Armstrong, W. Smith, K. Ataga, P. Swerdlow, A. Kutlar, L. Decastro, M. A. Waclawiw, E. Orringer, S. Jones, D. Strayhorn, W. Rosse, G. Phillips, D. Pearce, A. Johnson-Telfair, L. Daitch, P. Milner, A. Tracy, S. Valdez, G. E. Allen, J. Moshang, B. Scott, C. Bigelow, A. Anderson, V. Sabahi, T. Harrington, W. Labrousse, C. Pegelow, D. Temple, E. Case, R. Harrell, S. Childerie, S. Embury, B. Schmidt, D. Davies, Y. Saunthararajah, M. Koshy, N. Talischy-Zahed, L. Dorn, G. Pendarvis, M. Mcgee, M. Telfer, A. Davis, O. C. Onyekwere, C. Nwokolo, H. Finke, E. Perlin, J. Siteman, M. Bryan, T. Saunders, Y. Barber, P. Gascon, P. Di Paolo, S. Gargiulo, J. Eckman, E. Carter-Randall, J. H. Bailey, A. Platt, L. Waller, G. Ramirez, V. Knors, S. Hernandez, E. M. Rodriguez, E. Wilkes, E. Vichinsky, W. Hagar, C. Hoehner, E. Hackney-Stevens, S. Claster, A. Earles, K. Kleman, K. Mclaughlin, L. White, B. Maddox, L. Usry, A. Brenner, K. Williams, R. O'Brien, K. Genther, S. Shurin, B. Berman, K. Chiarucci, L. Keverline, N. Olivieri, J. Chow, M. Hui, D. Shaw, N. Lewis, M. Okam, E. Mandell, A. Palmer, K. Bridges, B. Tynan, C. Winograd, R. Bellevue, H. Dosik, M. Sheikhai, P. Ryans, H. Souffrant, B. Adler, A. Johnson-Telfair, L. Eskridge, J. Prchal, J. Braddock, T. Mcardle, T. Carlos, A. Roundtree-Schmotzer, D. Gardner
The Risks And Benefits Of Long-Term Use Of Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Anemia: A 17.5 Year Follow-Up., M. H. Steinberg, W. F. Mccarthy, O. Castro, S. K. Ballas, F. D. Armstrong, W. Smith, K. Ataga, P. Swerdlow, A. Kutlar, L. Decastro, M. A. Waclawiw, E. Orringer, S. Jones, D. Strayhorn, W. Rosse, G. Phillips, D. Pearce, A. Johnson-Telfair, L. Daitch, P. Milner, A. Tracy, S. Valdez, G. E. Allen, J. Moshang, B. Scott, C. Bigelow, A. Anderson, V. Sabahi, T. Harrington, W. Labrousse, C. Pegelow, D. Temple, E. Case, R. Harrell, S. Childerie, S. Embury, B. Schmidt, D. Davies, Y. Saunthararajah, M. Koshy, N. Talischy-Zahed, L. Dorn, G. Pendarvis, M. Mcgee, M. Telfer, A. Davis, O. C. Onyekwere, C. Nwokolo, H. Finke, E. Perlin, J. Siteman, M. Bryan, T. Saunders, Y. Barber, P. Gascon, P. Di Paolo, S. Gargiulo, J. Eckman, E. Carter-Randall, J. H. Bailey, A. Platt, L. Waller, G. Ramirez, V. Knors, S. Hernandez, E. M. Rodriguez, E. Wilkes, E. Vichinsky, W. Hagar, C. Hoehner, E. Hackney-Stevens, S. Claster, A. Earles, K. Kleman, K. Mclaughlin, L. White, B. Maddox, L. Usry, A. Brenner, K. Williams, R. O'Brien, K. Genther, S. Shurin, B. Berman, K. Chiarucci, L. Keverline, N. Olivieri, J. Chow, M. Hui, D. Shaw, N. Lewis, M. Okam, E. Mandell, A. Palmer, K. Bridges, B. Tynan, C. Winograd, R. Bellevue, H. Dosik, M. Sheikhai, P. Ryans, H. Souffrant, B. Adler, A. Johnson-Telfair, L. Eskridge, J. Prchal, J. Braddock, T. Mcardle, T. Carlos, A. Roundtree-Schmotzer, D. Gardner
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
A randomized, controlled clinical trial established the efficacy and safety of short-term use of hydroxyurea in adult sickle cell anemia. To examine the risks and benefits of long-term hydroxyurea usage, patients in this trial were followed for 17.5 years during which they could start or stop hydroxyurea. The purpose of this follow-up was to search for adverse outcomes and estimate mortality. For each outcome and for mortality, exact 95% confidence intervals were calculated, or tests were conducted at alpha = 0.05 level (P-value <0.05 for statistical significance). Although the death rate in the overall study cohort was high (43.1%; 4.4 per 100 person-years), mortality was reduced in individuals with long-term exposure to hydroxyurea. Survival curves demonstrated a significant reduction in deaths with long-term exposure. Twenty-four percent of deaths were due to pulmonary complications; 87.1% occurred in patients who never took hydroxyurea or took it for <5 years. Stroke, organ dysfunction, infection, and malignancy were similar in all groups. Our results, while no longer the product of a randomized study because of the ethical concerns of withholding an efficacious treatment, suggest that long-term use of hydroxyurea is safe and might decrease mortality.
Reduction Of Sympathetic Activity Via Adrenal-Targeted Grk2 Gene Deletion Attenuates Heart Failure Progression And Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction., Anastasios Lymperopoulos, Giuseppe Rengo, Erhe Gao, Steven N. Ebert, Gerald W. Dorn, Walter J. Koch
Reduction Of Sympathetic Activity Via Adrenal-Targeted Grk2 Gene Deletion Attenuates Heart Failure Progression And Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction., Anastasios Lymperopoulos, Giuseppe Rengo, Erhe Gao, Steven N. Ebert, Gerald W. Dorn, Walter J. Koch
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Chronic heart failure (HF) is characterized by sympathetic overactivity and enhanced circulating catecholamines (CAs), which significantly increase HF morbidity and mortality. We recently reported that adrenal G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is up-regulated in chronic HF, leading to enhanced CA release via desensitization/down-regulation of the chromaffin cell alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors that normally inhibit CA secretion. We also showed that adrenal GRK2 inhibition decreases circulating CAs and improves cardiac inotropic reserve and function. Herein, we hypothesized that adrenal-targeted GRK2 gene deletion before the onset of HF might be beneficial by reducing sympathetic activation. To specifically delete GRK2 in the chromaffin cells …
Effects Of A Single Sickling Event On The Mechanical Fragility Of Sickle Cell Trait Erythrocytes, Tennille D. Presley, Andreas S. Perlegas, Lauren E. Bain, Samir K. Ballas, James S. Nichols, Hernan Sabio, Mark T. Gladwin, Gregory J. Kato, Dany B. Kim-Shapiro
Effects Of A Single Sickling Event On The Mechanical Fragility Of Sickle Cell Trait Erythrocytes, Tennille D. Presley, Andreas S. Perlegas, Lauren E. Bain, Samir K. Ballas, James S. Nichols, Hernan Sabio, Mark T. Gladwin, Gregory J. Kato, Dany B. Kim-Shapiro
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Hemolysis contributes to the pathology associated with sickle cell disease. However, the mechanism of hemolysis or relative contribution of sickling due to hemoglobin (Hb) polymerization vs. oxidative damage remains unknown. Earlier studies aimed at deciphering the relative importance of these two mechanisms have been complicated by the fact that sickle red cells (SS) have already been affected by multiple rounds of sickling and oxidative damage before they are collected. In our study, we examine the mechanical fragility of sickle cell trait cells, which do not sickle in vivo, but can be made to do so in vitro. Thus, our novel …
Early Detection Of Response To Hydroxyurea Therapy In Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia., Samir K. Ballas, William F. Mccarthy, Nan Guo, Carlo Brugnara, Gail Kling, Robert L. Bauserman, Myron A. Waclawiw
Early Detection Of Response To Hydroxyurea Therapy In Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia., Samir K. Ballas, William F. Mccarthy, Nan Guo, Carlo Brugnara, Gail Kling, Robert L. Bauserman, Myron A. Waclawiw
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Red blood cells (RBC) and reticulocyte parameters were determined on peripheral blood from a subset of patients enrolled in the multicenter study of hydroxyuea (HU) in sickle cell anemia. Multiple blood samples were obtained every 2 weeks. Cellular indices were measured by flow cytometry. Generalized linear models were used to determine the relationship between the longitudinal trajectories of RBC and reticulocyte indices and HU usage. There was a significant relationship between HU usage and most of the RBC and reticulocyte indices. Hydroxyurea produced higher value trajectories than those generated by placebo usage for the hemoglobin (Hb) content of both the …
Definitions Of The Phenotypic Manifestations Of Sickle Cell Disease., Samir K Ballas, Susan Lieff, Lennette J Benjamin, Carlton D Dampier, Matthew M Heeney, Carolyn Hoppe, Cage S Johnson, Zora R Rogers, Kim Smith-Whitley, Winfred C Wang, Marilyn J Telen
Definitions Of The Phenotypic Manifestations Of Sickle Cell Disease., Samir K Ballas, Susan Lieff, Lennette J Benjamin, Carlton D Dampier, Matthew M Heeney, Carolyn Hoppe, Cage S Johnson, Zora R Rogers, Kim Smith-Whitley, Winfred C Wang, Marilyn J Telen
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a pleiotropic genetic disorder of hemoglobin that has profound multiorgan effects. The low prevalence of SCD ( approximately 100,000/US) has limited progress in clinical, basic, and translational research. Lack of a large, readily accessible population for clinical studies has contributed to the absence of standard definitions and diagnostic criteria for the numerous complications of SCD and inadequate understanding of SCD pathophysiology. In 2005, the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Centers initiated a project to establish consensus definitions of the most frequently occurring complications. A group of clinicians and scientists with extensive expertise in research and treatment of …