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Full-Text Articles in Medical Genetics
Complete Chemical Structures Of Human Mitochondrial Trnas, Takeo Suzuki, Yuka Yashiro, Ittoku Kikuchi, Yuma Ishigami, Hironori Saito, Ikuya Matsuzawa, Shunpei Okada, Mari Mito, Shintaro Iwasaki, Ding Ma, Xuewei Zhao, Kana Asano, Huan Lin, Yohei Kirino, Yuriko Sakaguchi, Tsutomu Suzuki
Complete Chemical Structures Of Human Mitochondrial Trnas, Takeo Suzuki, Yuka Yashiro, Ittoku Kikuchi, Yuma Ishigami, Hironori Saito, Ikuya Matsuzawa, Shunpei Okada, Mari Mito, Shintaro Iwasaki, Ding Ma, Xuewei Zhao, Kana Asano, Huan Lin, Yohei Kirino, Yuriko Sakaguchi, Tsutomu Suzuki
Computational Medicine Center Faculty Papers
Mitochondria generate most cellular energy via oxidative phosphorylation. Twenty-two species of mitochondrial (mt-)tRNAs encoded in mtDNA translate essential subunits of the respiratory chain complexes. mt-tRNAs contain post-transcriptional modifications introduced by nuclear-encoded tRNA-modifying enzymes. They are required for deciphering genetic code accurately, as well as stabilizing tRNA. Loss of tRNA modifications frequently results in severe pathological consequences. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of post-transcriptional modifications of all human mt-tRNAs, including 14 previously-uncharacterized species. In total, we find 18 kinds of RNA modifications at 137 positions (8.7% in 1575 nucleobases) in 22 species of human mt-tRNAs. An up-to-date list of 34 …
The Interplay Between Nf-Kappab And E2f1 Coordinately Regulates Inflammation And Metabolism In Human Cardiac Cells., Xavier Palomer, David Álvarez-Guardia, Mercy M Davidson, Tung O Chan, Arthur M Feldman, Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
The Interplay Between Nf-Kappab And E2f1 Coordinately Regulates Inflammation And Metabolism In Human Cardiac Cells., Xavier Palomer, David Álvarez-Guardia, Mercy M Davidson, Tung O Chan, Arthur M Feldman, Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is related to a shift towards increased glycolysis during cardiac pathological processes such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The transcription factors estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) regulate PDK4 expression through the potent transcriptional coactivator PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). NF-κB activation in AC16 cardiac cells inhibit ERRα and PPARβ/δ transcriptional activity, resulting in reduced PGC-1α and PDK4 expression, and an enhanced glucose oxidation rate. However, addition of the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide to these cells prevents the downregulation of PDK4 expression but not ERRα and PPARβ/δ DNA binding activity, …
Characterization Of Hard2, A Processed Hard1 Gene Duplicate, Encoding A Human Protein N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase., Thomas Arnesen, Matthew J Betts, Frédéric Pendino, David A Liberles, Dave Anderson, Jaime Caro, Xianguo Kong, Jan E Varhaug, Johan R Lillehaug
Characterization Of Hard2, A Processed Hard1 Gene Duplicate, Encoding A Human Protein N-Alpha-Acetyltransferase., Thomas Arnesen, Matthew J Betts, Frédéric Pendino, David A Liberles, Dave Anderson, Jaime Caro, Xianguo Kong, Jan E Varhaug, Johan R Lillehaug
Department of Medicine Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND: Protein acetylation is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism regulating a variety of cellular functions. Several human protein acetyltransferases have been characterized, most of them catalyzing epsilon-acetylation of histones and transcription factors. We recently described the human protein acetyltransferase hARD1 (human Arrest Defective 1). hARD1 interacts with NATH (N-Acetyl Transferase Human) forming a complex expressing protein N-terminal alpha-acetylation activity. RESULTS: We here describe a human protein, hARD2, with 81 % sequence identity to hARD1. The gene encoding hARD2 most likely originates from a eutherian mammal specific retrotransposition event. hARD2 mRNA and protein are expressed in several human cell lines. …