Genetic Phenomena Commons^™

Identification Of Pancreatic Cancer Germline Risk Variants With Effects That Are Modified By Smoking, Huili Zhu, Jaihee Choi, Naishu Kui, Tianzhong Yang, Peng Wei, Donghui Li, Ryan Sun

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a deadly disease most often diagnosed in late stages. Identification of high-risk subjects could both contribute to preventative measures and help diagnose the disease at earlier timepoints. However, known risk factors, assessed independently, are currently insufficient for accurately stratifying patients. We use large-scale data from the UK Biobank (UKB) to identify genetic variant-smoking interaction effects and show their importance in risk assessment.

Methods: We draw data from 15,086,830 genetic variants and 315,512 individuals in the UKB. There are 765 cases of PC. Crucially, robust resampling corrections are used to overcome well-known challenges in hypothesis testing …

Personal History Of Cancer As A Risk Factor For Second Primary Lung Cancer: Implications For Lung Cancer Screening, Sara Nofal, Jiangong Niu, Paul Resong, Jeff Jin, Kelly W Merriman, Xiuning Le, Hormuzd Katki, John Heymach, Mara B Antonoff, Edwin Ostrin, Jia Wu, Jianjun Zhang, Iakovos Toumazis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Personal history of cancer is an independent risk factor for lung cancer but is omitted from existing lung cancer screening eligibility criteria. In this study, we assess the lung cancer risk among cancer survivors and discuss potential implications for screening.

Methods: This was a retrospective, secondary analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry and the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). We estimated the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for lung cancer by site of first primary cancer using data from SEER. We assessed the lung cancer risk among head and neck cancer survivors from MDACC …

Systematic Evaluation Of Mri-Based Characterization Of Tumor-Associated Vascular Morphology And Hemodynamics Via A Dynamic Digital Phantom, Chengyue Wu, David A Hormuth, Ty Easley, Federico Pineda, Gregory S Karczmar, Thomas E Yankeelov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Validation of quantitative imaging biomarkers is a challenging task, due to the difficulty in measuring the ground truth of the target biological process. A digital phantom-based framework is established to systematically validate the quantitative characterization of tumor-associated vascular morphology and hemodynamics based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Approach: A digital phantom is employed to provide a ground-truth vascular system within which 45 synthetic tumors are simulated. Morphological analysis is performed on high-spatial resolution DCE-MRI data (spatial/temporal resolution = 30 to 300μm/60s" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; font-size: 18.08px; font-size-adjust: none; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; text-wrap-mode: …

Determining A Urinary-Specific Antibiogram And Risk Factors Of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin And Multidrug Resistance Among Enterobacterales In Primary Care, Marissa Valentine-King, Michael A Hansen, Roger Zoorob, Matthew Schlueter, Jennifer L Matas, Samuel E Willis, Lisa C K Danek, Kenneth Muldrew, Mohammad Zare, Forrest Hudson, Robert L Atmar, Andrew Chou, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Risk factors for ciprofloxacin or MDR in primary care urine specimens are not well defined.

Objectives: We created a primary care-specific antibiogram for Escherichia coli isolates from cases with complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and evaluated risk factors for ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and MDR among Enterobacterales.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine resistance and risk factors by collecting urine cultures from all patients (≥18 years) presenting with provider-suspected UTI at two primary care, safety-net clinics in Houston, TX, USA between November 2018 and March 2020.

Results: Among 1262 cultures, 308 cultures grew 339 uropathogens. Patients with …

A Study Of Dietary Patterns Derived By Cluster Analysis And Their Association With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Severity Among Hispanic Patients, Xiaotao Zhang, Carrie R Daniel, Valeria Soltero, Ximena Vargas, Shilpa Jain, Fasiha Kanwal, Aaron P Thrift, Maya Balakrishnan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Diet is a modifiable metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) risk factor, but few studies have been conducted among Hispanic patients, despite the fact that MASLD prevalence and severity are highest among this ethnic subgroup. We aimed to identify prevalent dietary patterns among Hispanic patients using cluster analysis and to investigate associations with MASLD severity.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 421 Harris County MASLD Cohort participants who self-reported Hispanic ethnicity and completed baseline food frequency questionnaires. All included patients had MASLD, diagnosed per standard clinical criteria. K-means analysis was used to identify clusters of patients sharing similar dietary habits. …

Mechanisms Of Sleep Disturbances In Long-Term Cancer Survivors: A Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Report, Lauren C Daniel, Huiqi Wang, Tara M Brinkman, Kathy Ruble, Eric S Zhou, Oxana Palesh, Robyn Stremler, Rebecca Howell, Daniel A Mulrooney, Valerie M Crabtree, Sogol Mostoufi-Moab, Kevin Oeffinger, Joseph Neglia, Yutaka Yasui, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin Krull

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Sleep problems following childhood cancer treatment may persist into adulthood, exacerbating cancer-related late effects and putting survivors at risk for poor physical and psychosocial functioning. This study examines sleep in long-term survivors and their siblings to identify risk factors and disease correlates.

Methods: Childhood cancer survivors (≥5 years from diagnosis; n = 12 340; 51.5% female; mean [SD] age = 39.4 [9.6] years) and siblings (n = 2395; 57.1% female; age = 44.6 [10.5] years) participating in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Multivariable Poisson-error generalized estimating equation compared prevalence of binary sleep …

Mortality After Major Cardiovascular Events In Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Wendy Bottinor, Cindy Im, David R Doody, Saro H Armenian, Alexander Arynchyn, Borah Hong, Rebecca M Howell, David R Jacobs, Kirsten K Ness, Kevin C Oeffinger, Alexander P Reiner, Gregory T Armstrong, Yutaka Yasui, Eric J Chow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Adult survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for cardiovascular events.

Objectives: In this study, we sought to determine the risk for mortality after a major cardiovascular event among childhood cancer survivors compared with noncancer populations.

Methods: All-cause and cardiovascular cause-specific mortality risks after heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), or stroke were compared among survivors and siblings in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs between groups, adjusted for demographic and clinical …

Comparative Genomics Incorporating Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma Mouse Model Reveals Molecular Mechanisms Of Tumorigenesis, Gopinath Prakasam, Akhilesh Mishra, Alana Christie, Jeffrey Miyata, Deyssy Carrillo, Vanina T Tcheuyap, Hui Ye, Quyen N Do, Yunguan Wang, Oscar Reig Torras, Ramesh Butti, Hua Zhong, Jeffrey Gagan, Kevin B Jones, Thomas J Carroll, Zora Modrusan, Steffen Durinck, Mai-Carmen Requena-Komuro, Noelle S Williams, Ivan Pedrosa, Tao Wang, Dinesh Rakheja, Payal Kapur, James Brugarolas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) most commonly involves an ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion, but molecular mechanisms remain elusive and animal models are lacking. Here, we show that human ASPSCR1-TFE3 driven by Pax8-Cre (a credentialed clear cell RCC driver) disrupted nephrogenesis and glomerular development, causing neonatal death, while the clear cell RCC failed driver, Sglt2-Cre, induced aggressive tRCC (as well as alveolar soft part sarcoma) with complete penetrance and short latency. However, in both contexts, ASPSCR1-TFE3 led to characteristic morphological cellular changes, loss of epithelial markers, and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Electron microscopy of tRCC tumors showed lysosome expansion, and functional studies revealed simultaneous …

Impact Of Immunopathy And Coagulopathy On Multi-Organ Failure And Mortality In A Lethal Porcine Model Of Controlled And Uncontrolled Hemorrhage, Milomir O Simovic, James Bynum, Bin Liu, Jurandir J Dalle Lucca, Yansong Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a major preventable cause of death in patients with trauma. However, the majority of large animal models of hemorrhage have utilized controlled hemorrhage rather than uncontrolled hemorrhage to investigate the impact of immunopathy and coagulopathy on multi-organ failure (MOF) and mortality. This study evaluates these alterations in a severe porcine controlled and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (HS) model. Anesthetized female swine underwent controlled hemorrhage and uncontrolled hemorrhage by partial splenic resection followed with or without lactated Ringer solution (LR) or Voluven® resuscitation. Swine were surveyed 6 h after completion of splenic hemorrhage or until death. Blood chemistry, physiologic …

Orbital And Periocular Complications In Patients With Sinonasal Tumours With Orbital Invasion, Jiawei Zhao, Xinyang Jiang, Ehab Hanna, Shirley Y Su, Amy Moreno, Brandon Gunn, Steven Jay Frank, Renata Ferrarotto, Jing Ning, Bita Esmaeli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and associated risk factors of orbital/periocular complications in patients with sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion managed with eye-sparing treatments.

Methods: A retrospective case series of patients with primary sinonasal tumour with orbital invasion from January 2008 to December 2018. Patient factors were compared between the following groups: (1)patients with orbital/periocular complications versus those who did not and (2) patients who needed secondary oculoplastic surgical procedures versus those who did not.

Results: Out of 80 patients, 48 had eye-sparing surgery, 8 had orbital exenteration and 24 were managed non-surgically. The …

An Extended Bayesian Semi-Mechanistic Dose-Finding Design For Phase I Oncology Trials Using Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Information, Chao Yang, Yisheng Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We propose a model-based, semi-mechanistic dose-finding (SDF) design for phase I oncology trials that incorporates pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) information when modeling the dose-toxicity relationship. This design is motivated by a phase Ib/II clinical trial of anti-CD20/CD3 T cell therapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients; it extends a recently proposed SDF model framework by incorporating measurements of a PD biomarker relevant to the primary dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). We propose joint Bayesian modeling of the PK, PD, and DLT outcomes. Our extensive simulation studies show that on average the proposed design outperforms some common phase I trial designs, including modified toxicity probability interval (mTPI) …

Circulating Microrna Biomarkers Of Thiazide Response In Hypertension, Lakshmi Manasa S Chekka, Marwa Tantawy, Taimour Langaee, Danxin Wang, Rolf Renne, Arlene B Chapman, John G Gums, Eric Boerwinkle, Rhonda M Cooper-Dehoff, Julie A Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Thiazide diuretics are the second most frequently prescribed class of antihypertensives, but up to 50% of patients with hypertension have minimal antihypertensive response to thiazides. We explored circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in search of predictive biomarkers of thiazide response.

Methods and results: We profiled 754 miRNAs in baseline plasma samples of 36 hypertensive European American adults treated with hydrochlorothiazide, categorized into responders (n=18) and nonresponders (n=18) on the basis of diastolic blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide. miRNAs with ≥2.5-fold differential expression between responders and nonresponders were considered for validation in 3 cohorts (n=50 each): hydrochlorothiazide-treated European Americans, chlorthalidone-treated European Americans, …

Correction: Neural Correlates Of Automatic Emotion Regulation And Their Association With Suicidal Ideation In Adolescents During The First 90-Days Of Residential Care, Matthew Dobbertin, Karina S Blair, Joseph Aloi, Sahil Bajaj, Johannah Bashford-Largo, Avantika Mathur, Ru Zhang, Erin Carollo, Amanda Schwartz, Jaimie Elowsky, J L Ringle, Patrick Tyler, R James Blair

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

A Small Molecule With Big Impact: Mrtx1133 Targets The Krasg12d Mutation In Pancreatic Cancer, Daoyan Wei, Liang Wang, Xiangsheng Zuo, Anirban Maitra, Robert S Bresalier

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

KRAS mutations drive oncogenic alterations in numerous cancers, particularly in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). About 93% of PDACs have KRAS mutations, with G12D (∼42% of cases) and G12V (∼32% of cases) being the most common. The recent approval of sotorasib (AMG510), a small-molecule, covalent, and selective KRASG12C inhibitor, for treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer represents a breakthrough in KRAS targeted therapy. However, there is a need to develop other much-needed KRAS-mutant inhibitors for PDAC therapy. Notably, Mirati Therapeutics recently developed MRTX1133, a small-molecule, noncovalent, and selective KRASG12D inhibitor through extensive structure-based drug design. MRTX1133 has demonstrated potent …

Sting Licensing Of Type I Dendritic Cells Potentiates Antitumor Immunity, Jian Wang, Suxin Li, Maggie Wang, Xu Wang, Shuqing Chen, Zhichen Sun, Xiubao Ren, Gang Huang, Baran D Sumer, Nan Yan, Yang-Xin Fu, Jinming Gao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an immune adaptor protein that senses cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) in response to self or microbial cytosolic DNA as a danger signal. STING is ubiquitously expressed in diverse cell populations including cancer cells with distinct cellular functions such as activation of type I interferons, autophagy induction, or triggering apoptosis. It is not well understood whether and which subsets of immune cells, stromal cells, or cancer cells are particularly important for STING-mediated antitumor immunity. Here using a polymeric STING-activating nanoparticle (PolySTING) with a “shock-and-lock” dual activation mechanism, we show type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) is …

Backfilling Patients In Phase I Dose-Escalation Trials Using Bayesian Optimal Interval Design (Boin), Yixuan Zhao, Ying Yuan, Edward L Korn, Boris Freidlin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In recent years, there has been increased interest in incorporation of backfilling into dose-escalation clinical trials, which involves concurrently assigning patients to doses that have been previously cleared for safety by the dose-escalation design. Backfilling generates additional information on safety, tolerability, and preliminary activity on a range of doses below the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), which is relevant for selection of the recommended phase II dose and dose optimization. However, in practice, backfilling may not be rigorously defined in trial protocols and implemented consistently. Furthermore, backfilling designs require careful planning to minimize the probability of treating additional patients with potentially …

Neoadjuvant Trebananib Plus Paclitaxel-Based Chemotherapy For Stage Ii/Iii Breast Cancer In The Adaptively Randomized I-Spy2 Trial-Efficacy And Biomarker Discovery, Kathy S Albain, Christina Yau, Emanuel F Petricoin, Denise M Wolf, Julie E Lang, A Jo Chien, Tufia Haddad, Andres Forero-Torres, Anne M Wallace, Henry Kaplan, Lajos Pusztai, David Euhus, Rita Nanda, Anthony D Elias, Amy S Clark, Constantine Godellas, Judy C Boughey, Claudine Isaacs, Debu Tripathy, Janice Lu, Rachel L Yung, Rosa I Gallagher, Julia D Wulfkuhle, Lamorna Brown-Swigart, Gregor Krings, Yunn Yi Chen, David A Potter, Erica Stringer-Reasor, Sarah Blair, Smita M Asare, Amy Wilson, Gillian L Hirst, Ruby Singhrao, Meredith Buxton, Julia L Clennell, Ashish Sanil, Scott Berry, Adam L Asare, Jeffrey B Matthews, Angela M Demichele, Nola M Hylton, Michelle Melisko, Jane Perlmutter, Hope S Rugo, W Fraser Symmans, Laura J Van't Veer, Douglas Yee, Donald A Berry, Laura J Esserman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The neutralizing peptibody trebananib prevents angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 from binding with Tie2 receptors, inhibiting angiogenesis and proliferation. Trebananib was combined with paclitaxel±trastuzumab in the I-SPY2 breast cancer trial.

Patients and methods: I-SPY2, a phase II neoadjuvant trial, adaptively randomizes patients with high-risk, early-stage breast cancer to one of several experimental therapies or control based on receptor subtypes as defined by hormone receptor (HR) and HER2 status and MammaPrint risk (MP1, MP2). The primary endpoint is pathologic complete response (pCR). A therapy "graduates" if/when it achieves 85% Bayesian probability of success in a phase III trial within a given subtype. …

Small Airways In Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis, John D Dickinson, Christopher M Evans, Burton F Dickey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Slc25a39 Links Mitochondrial Gsh Sensing With Iron Metabolism, Xiong Chen, Boyi Gan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Two recent studies by Liu et al.1 in Science and Shi et al.2 in this issue of Molecular Cell identify a mitochondrial GSH-sensing mechanism that couples SLC25A39-mediated GSH import to iron metabolism, advancing our understanding of nutrient sensing within organelles.

Multifaceted Roles For Stat3 In Gammaherpesvirus Latency Revealed Through In Vivo B Cell Knockout Models, Chad H Hogan, Shana M Owens, Glennys V Reynoso, Yifei Liao, Thomas J Meyer, Monika A Zelazowska, Bin Liu, Xiaofan Li, Anna K Grosskopf, Camille Khairallah, Varvara Kirillov, Nancy C Reich, Brian S Sheridan, Kevin M Mcbride, Benjamin E Gewurz, Heather D Hickman, J Craig Forrest, Laurie T Krug

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancers associated with the oncogenic gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, are notable for their constitutive activation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). To better understand the role of STAT3 during gammaherpesvirus latency and the B cell response to infection, we used the model pathogen murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68). Genetic deletion of STAT3 in B cells of CD19cre/+Stat3f/f mice reduced peak MHV68 latency approximately sevenfold. However, infected CD19cre/+Stat3f/f mice exhibited disordered germinal centers and heightened virus-specific CD8 T cell responses compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. To circumvent the systemic immune alterations observed in …

Sugar-Binding And Split Domain Combinations In Repeats-In-Toxin Adhesins From Vibrio Cholerae And Aeromonas Veronii Mediate Cell-Surface Recognition And Hemolytic Activities, Mustafa Sherik, Robert Eves, Shuaiqi Guo, Cameron J Lloyd, Karl E Klose, Peter L Davies

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria use repeats-in-toxin adhesins for colonization and biofilm formation. In the cholera agent Vibrio cholerae, flagellar-regulated hemagglutinin A (FrhA) enables these functions. Using bioinformatic analysis, a sugar-binding domain was identified in FrhA adjacent to a domain of unknown function. AlphaFold2 indicated the boundaries of both domains to be slightly shorter than previously predicted and assisted in the recognition of the unknown domain as a split immunoglobulin-like fold that can assist in projecting the sugar-binding domain toward its target. The AlphaFold2-predicted structure is in excellent agreement with the molecular envelope obtained from small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of …

Drug Resistance Assessed In A Phase 3 Clinical Trial Of Maribavir Therapy For Refractory Or Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infection In Transplant Recipients, Sunwen Chou, Sophie Alain, Carlos Cervera, Roy F Chemaly, Camille N Kotton, Jens Lundgren, Genovefa A Papanicolaou, Marcus R Pereira, Jingyang J Wu, Rose Ann Murray, Neil E Buss, Martha Fournier

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This drug resistance analysis of a randomized trial includes 234 patients receiving maribavir and 116 receiving investigator-assigned standard therapy (IAT), where 56% and 24%, respectively, cleared cytomegalovirus DNA at week 8 (treatment responders).

Methods: Baseline and posttreatment plasma samples were tested for mutations conferring drug resistance in viral genes UL97, UL54, and UL27.

Results: At baseline, genotypic testing revealed resistance to ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir in 56% of patients receiving maribavir and 68% receiving IAT, including 9 newly phenotyped mutations. Among them, 63% (maribavir) and 21% (IAT) were treatment responders. Detected baseline maribavir resistance mutations were UL27 L193F (n …

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus Reuteri Dsm 17938 Changes Foxp3 Deficiency-Induced Dyslipidemia And Chronic Hepatitis In Mice, Erini Nessim Kostandy, Ji Ho Suh, Xiangjun Tian, Beanna Okeugo, Erin Rubin, Sara Shirai, Meng Luo, Christopher M Taylor, Kang Ho Kim, J Marc Rhoads, Yuying Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 produces anti-inflammatory effects in scurfy (SF) mice, a model characterized by immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked inheritance (called IPEX syndrome in humans), caused by regulatory T cell (Treg) deficiency and is due to a Foxp3 gene mutation. Considering the pivotal role of lipids in autoimmune inflammatory processes, we investigated alterations in the relative abundance of lipid profiles in SF mice (± treatment with DSM 17938) compared to normal WT mice. We also examined the correlation between plasma lipids and gut microbiota and circulating inflammatory markers. We noted a significant upregulation of plasma lipids …

Evolving Therapies, Neurocognitive Outcomes, And Functional Independence In Adult Survivors Of Childhood Glioma, Chiara Papini, Sedigheh Mirzaei S, Mengqi Xing, Ingrid Tonning Olsson, Peter M K De Blank, Katharine R Lange, Ralph Salloum, Deokumar Srivastava, Wendy M Leisenring, Rebecca M Howell, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Treatment of childhood glioma has evolved to reduce radiotherapy exposure with the goal of limiting late toxicity. However, the associations between treatment changes and neurocognition, and the contribution of neurocognition and chronic health conditions to attainment of adult independence, remain unknown.

Methods: Adult survivors of childhood glioma diagnosed in 1970-1999 in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (n = 1284; median [minimum-maximum] 30 [18-51] years of age at assessment; 22 [15-34] years from diagnosis) self-reported neurocognitive impairment and chronic health conditions. Multivariable models evaluated associations between changes in treatment exposures (surgery only, chemotherapy [with or without surgery], cranial radiation [with …

Aspscr1-Tfe3 Reprograms Transcription By Organizing Enhancer Loops Around Hexameric Vcp/P97, Amir Pozner, Li Li, Shiv Prakash Verma, Shuxin Wang, Jared J Barrott, Mary L Nelson, Jamie S E Yu, Gian Luca Negri, Shane Colborne, Christopher S Hughes, Ju-Fen Zhu, Sydney L Lambert, Lara S Carroll, Kyllie Smith-Fry, Michael G Stewart, Sarmishta Kannan, Bodrie Jensen, Cini M John, Saif Sikdar, Hongrui Liu, Ngoc Ha Dang, Jennifer Bourdage, Jinxiu Li, Jeffery M Vahrenkamp, Katelyn L Mortenson, John S Groundland, Rosanna Wustrack, Donna L Senger, Franz J Zemp, Douglas J Mahoney, Jason Gertz, Xiaoyang Zhang, Alexander J Lazar, Martin Hirst, Gregg B Morin, Torsten O Nielsen, Peter S Shen, Kevin B Jones

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The t(X,17) chromosomal translocation, generating the ASPSCR1::TFE3 fusion oncoprotein, is the singular genetic driver of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and some Xp11-rearranged renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), frustrating efforts to identify therapeutic targets for these rare cancers. Here, proteomic analysis identifies VCP/p97, an AAA+ ATPase with known segregase function, as strongly enriched in co-immunoprecipitated nuclear complexes with ASPSCR1::TFE3. We demonstrate that VCP is a likely obligate co-factor of ASPSCR1::TFE3, one of the only such fusion oncoprotein co-factors identified in cancer biology. Specifically, VCP co-distributes with ASPSCR1::TFE3 across chromatin in association with enhancers genome-wide. VCP presence, its hexameric assembly, and its …

Impact Of Individual Level Uncertainty Of Lung Cancer Polygenic Risk Score (Prs) On Risk Stratification, Xinan Wang, Ziwei Zhang, Yi Ding, Tony Chen, Lorelei Mucci, Demetrios Albanes, Maria Teresa Landi, Neil E Caporaso, Stephen Lam, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Stig E Bojesen, Mattias Johansson, Angela Risch, Heike Bickeböller, H-Erich Wichmann, Gadi Rennert, Susanne Arnold, Paul Brennan, James D Mckay, John K Field, Sanjay S Shete, Loic Le Marchand, Geoffrey Liu, Angeline S Andrew, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Shan Zienolddiny-Narui, Annelie Behndig, Mikael Johansson, Angie Cox, Philip Lazarus, Matthew B Schabath, Melinda C Aldrich, Rayjean J Hung, Christopher I Amos, Xihong Lin, David C Christiani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although polygenic risk score (PRS) has emerged as a promising tool for predicting cancer risk from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the individual-level accuracy of lung cancer PRS and the extent to which its impact on subsequent clinical applications remains largely unexplored.

METHODS: Lung cancer PRSs and confidence/credible interval (CI) were constructed using two statistical approaches for each individual: (1) the weighted sum of 16 GWAS-derived significant SNP loci and the CI through the bootstrapping method (PRS-16-CV) and (2) LDpred2 and the CI through posteriors sampling (PRS-Bayes), among 17,166 lung cancer cases and 12,894 controls with European ancestry from the …

Efficacy Of Novel Agents Against Cellular Models Of Familial Platelet Disorder With Myeloid Malignancy (Fpd-Mm), Christopher P Mill, Warren C Fiskus, Courtney D Dinardo, Patrick Reville, John A Davis, Christine E Birdwell, Kaberi Das, Hanxi Hou, Koichi Takahashi, Lauren Flores, Xinjia Ruan, Xiaoping Su, Sanam Loghavi, Joseph D Khoury, Kapil N Bhalla

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Germline, mono-allelic mutations in RUNX1 cause familial platelet disorder (RUNX1-FPD) that evolves into myeloid malignancy (FPD-MM): MDS or AML. FPD-MM commonly harbors co-mutations in the second RUNX1 allele and/or other epigenetic regulators. Here we utilized patient-derived (PD) FPD-MM cells and established the first FPD-MM AML cell line (GMR-AML1). GMR-AML1 cells exhibited active super-enhancers of MYB, MYC, BCL2 and CDK6, augmented expressions of c-Myc, c-Myb, EVI1 and PLK1 and surface markers of AML stem cells. In longitudinally studied bone marrow cells from a patient at FPD-MM vs RUNX1-FPD state, we confirmed increased chromatin accessibility and mRNA expressions of MYB, MECOM and …

Evaluation Of A Tiered Opioid Prescription Algorithm In An Eras Pathway: Exploring Opportunities For Further Refinement, M Sol Basabe, Tina S Suki, Mark F Munsell, Maria D Iniesta, Juan E Garcia Lopez, Robert Tyler Hillman, Katherine Cain, Sarah Huepenbecker, Gabriel Mena, Jolyn S Taylor, Pedro T Ramirez, Larissa A Meyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Opioid over-prescription is wasteful and contributes to the opioid crisis. We implemented a personalized tiered discharge opioid protocol and education on opioid disposal to minimize over-prescription.

Objective: To evaluate the intervention by investigating opioid use post-discharge for women undergoing abdomino-pelvic surgery, and patient adherence to opioid disposal education.

Methods: We analyzed post-discharge opioid consumption among 558 patients. Eligible patients included those who underwent elective gynecologic surgery, were not taking scheduled opioids pre-operatively, and received discharge opioids according to a tiered prescribing algorithm. A survey assessing discharge opioid consumption and disposal safety knowledge was distributed on post-discharge day 21. Over-prescription …

Author Correction: A Ck2 And Sumo-Dependent, Pml Nb-Involved Regulatory Mechanism Controlling Blm Ubiquitination And G-Quadruplex Resolution, Shichang Liu, Erin Atkinson, Adriana Paulucci-Holthauzen, Bin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Tumor-Specific Polycistronic Mirna Delivered By Engineered Exosomes For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma, Malcolm F Mcdonald, Anwar Hossain, Eric N Momin, Irtiza Hasan, Sanjay Singh, Satoshi Adachi, Joy Gumin, Daniel Ledbetter, Jing Yang, Lihong Long, Marc Daou, Sricharan Gopakumar, Lynette M Phillips, Brittany Parker Kerrigan, Frederick F Lang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has poor prognosis due to ineffective agents and poor delivery methods. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been explored as novel therapeutics for GBM, but the optimal miRs and the ideal delivery strategy remain unresolved. In this study, we sought to identify the most effective pan-subtype anti-GBM miRs and to develop an improved delivery system for these miRs.

Methods: We conducted an unbiased screen of over 600 miRs against 7 glioma stem cell (GSC) lines representing all GBM subtypes to identify a set of pan-subtype-specific anti-GBM miRs and then used available TCGA GBM patient outcomes and miR expression data to …