Medical Sciences Commons^™

Apigenin Alleviates Autistic-Like Stereotyped Repetitive Behaviors And Mitigates Brain Oxidative Stress In Mice, Petrilla Jayaprakash, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Rami Beiram, Murat Oz, Bassem Sadek

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Studying the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in neuropsychiatric brain disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has gained a growing interest. The flavonoid apigenin (APG) has been confirmed in its pharmacological action as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. However, there is no research describing the pharmacological potential of APG in ASD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the subchronic systemic treatment of APG (10–30 mg/kg) on ASD-like repetitive and compulsive-like behaviors and oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and cerebellum in BTBR mice, utilizing the reference drug aripiprazole (ARP, 1 …

The Effects Of On-Pump And Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery On Oxidative Stress And Cerebral Oxygenation: A Prospective Observational Study, Ökkeş Hakan Mi̇ni̇ksar, Sameh Alagha, Ferit Çi̇çekçi̇oğlu, Mehtap Honca, Ayşe Yeşim Göçmen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In this prospective observational study, our goal was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of oxidative stress (OS) parameters and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in addition to evaluating postoperative clinical outcomes among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).Materials and methods: This study comprised 64 adult patients undergoing elective CABG (on-pump [n = 48] and off-pump [n = 16]) procedures. Serum OS levels and rSO2 values were measured intraoperatively at three specific time points: T1 (after induction), T2 (15 min before aortic cross-clamp removal or the final distal anastomosis), and T3 (15 min after aortic cross-clamp removal …

Effect Of Humic Acid On Oxidative Stress And Neuroprotection In Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Experimental Study, Burak Kinali, Nail Özdemi̇r, Ali Karadağ, Özge Kaya Korkmaz, Ayşe Gülden Di̇ni̇z, Fatma Demet Arslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is an important health problem, especially in developing countries withadditional socioeconomic loss. Humic acid (HA) usually has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, blood circulating, and antiviral effects.Hence, it was aimed herein to show the effect of HA on neuroprotection in a TSCI model.Materials and method: A TSCI model was used, in which 24 Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control group: subjectedto only laminectomy; sham group: subjected to laminectomy + TSCI; HA 5 mg/kg group: subjected to laminectomy + TSCI +intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 5 mg/kg of HA; and HA 10 mg/kg group: subjected to laminectomy …

The Evaluation Of Oxidative Stress And Inflammation Markers In Serum And Saliva Of The Patients With Temporomandibular Disorders, Di̇lara Kazan, Burcu Baş, Abdurrahman Aksoy, Enes Atmaca

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD), as in the occurrence of many diseases, have been associated with oxidative stress (OS) resulting from the disruption of antioxidant mechanisms and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in tissues. This study was designed to compare salivary and serum OS and inflammation markers of individuals with TMD and healthy subjects. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Twenty-seven TMD patients diagnosed with disc displacement (DD) according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and 17 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Prior to any treatment, serum, and saliva samples were taken from …

Dynamic Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis As An Oxidative Stress Marker In Ankylosing Spondylitis And Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy, Cemaleddi̇n Öztürk, Şükran Erten, Murat Alişik, İsmai̇l Doğan, Güni̇z Yanik Üstüner, Sali̇m Neşeli̇oğlu, Özcan Erel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are a group of chronic diseases characterized by axial inflammation, oligoarthritis, and enthesitis. Oxidative stress may contribute to a wide range of rheumatologic diseases, including SpA. This prospective case-control study was designed to compare thiol-disulfide levels as a marker of oxidative stress between SpA patients and healthy controls. Materials and methods: A total of 144 patients diagnosed with undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA, n = 97) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS, n = 47) were included along with 80 healthy controls. Serum native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), and disulfide (D) levels were measured using the fully automated Erel …

Evaluation Of Oxidative Status, Potassium, Magnesium, And Lipid Profile In Serum Of Patients With Β-Thalassemia Major, Thi-Qar, Iraq., Ahmed Jaber Ibrahim, Arwa H. M. Al–Saeed

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Beta thalassemia major () is one of the more prevalent hereditary diseases in the globe due to a deficiency of globin chains. It is associated with lipid abnormalities, electrolytes, and oxidative stress that can lead to potentially fatal complications. The current study included 100 patients diagnosed with in an age group of 2-18 years compared to 80 healthy subjects. The current study included evaluating Complete blood count (CBC), iron status, lipid profile, potassium, and magnesium. Also, Oxidative status represented by Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Nitric oxide (NO) were investigated. The finding of this study included a significant increase …

In Vitro Hepatotoxicity Evaluation Of Methotrexate-Loaded Niosome Formulation: Fabrication, Characterization And Cell Culture Studies, Ahmet Doğan Ergi̇n, Çağatay Oltulu, Nebi̇ye Peli̇n Türker, Gülen Meli̇ke Demi̇rbolat

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist that is widely used to treat osteosarcoma, leukemia, breast cancer, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The most important concerns with MTX are its poor solubility and high toxicity, particularly in liver cells. To enhance its solubility and to minimize its toxicity, we encapsulated MTX in niosomes and investigated its hepatotoxicity mechanisms using genetic biomarkers. Materials and methods: Niosomes were successfully prepared using a modified thin film method, and the prepared monodisperse smallsized formulation was subsequently characterized. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed both in hepatocarcinoma (HEP3G) and healthy liver (AML12) cell lines. …

The Intensity Of Free Radical Processes And Chaperone Activity In The Saliva Of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Anna A. Cheprasova, Sergey S. Popov, Alexander N. Pashkov, Aleksei N. Verevkin, Valentina O. Mittova, Konstantin K. Shulgin

BioMedicine

Introduction: Saliva is a clinically informative biological fluid that contains many biomarkers, allowing multiple analyses to be performed. Aim: The objectives of this study were the assessment of the serum and saliva levels of biochemical parameters and intensity of free radical processes in T2DM patients and the identification of the correlation between certain criteria. Methods: This case-control study included 40 T2DM patients, which were compared with 40 healthy individuals. The levels of glucose, cholesterol triglycerides, total protein, diene conjugates, and chaperone activity were measured using the spectrophotometric method. The concentration of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine was assessed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: …

Oxidative Stress And Micrornas In Endothelial Cells Under Metabolic Disorders, Morgan Minjares, Wendy Wu, Jie-Mei Wang

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are radical oxygen intermediates that serve as important second messengers in signal transduction. However, when the accumulation of these molecules exceeds the buffering capacity of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction occur. EC dysfunction shifts the vascular system into a pro-coagulative, proinflammatory state, thereby increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) diseases and metabolic disorders. Studies have turned to the investigation of microRNA treatment for CV risk factors, as these post-transcription regulators are known to co-regulate ROS. In this review, we will discuss ROS pathways and generation, normal endothelial cell physiology and ROS-induced …

H2s, Sg-1002, Protects Against Myocardial Oxidative Damage And Hypertrophy In Vitro Via Induction Of Cystathionine Β-Synthase And Antioxidant Proteins, Rahib K. Islam, Erinn Donnelly, Erminia Donnarumma, Fokhrul Hossain, Jason D. Gardner, Kazi N. Islam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is critical for cardiovascular homeostasis. Therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing H2S levels have proven cardioprotective in models of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a novel H2S prodrug, SG-1002, on stress induced hypertrophic signaling in murine HL-1 cardiac muscle cells. Treatment of HL-1 cells with SG-1002 under serum starvation without or with H2O2 increased the levels of H2S, H2S producing enzyme, and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), as well as antioxidant protein levels, such as super oxide dismutase1 (SOD1) and catalase, and additionally decreased oxidative …

Can Amniotic Fluid Protect Developing Fetal Lungs Against The Harmful Effects Of Oxidative Stress?, Levent Korkmaz, Cumali̇ Alan, İsmai̇l Topal, Mahi̇r Tayfur, Ali̇seydi̇ Bozkurt, Cebrai̇l Gürsul, Osman Baştuğ

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Preterm births cause fetuses to be born without completing the development of their organs. Due to this undesirable situation, it is the pulmonary tissue which has to be most exposed to harmful effects of extrauterine environment. Early disappearance of the prophylactic and constructive effects of amniotic fluid (AF) on developing tissues, such as pulmonary tissue, facilitates the formation of pulmonary morbidities resulting from oxygen. Setting out from this knowledge, we wanted, in addition to assessing the beneficent effects of AF on pulmonary tissue, to study the importance of AF in morbidities of this tissue thought to originate from oxygen. …

Does Apocynin Increase Liver Regeneration In The Partial Hepatectomy Model?, Yilmaz Bi̇lgi̇ç, Burhan Hakan Kanat, Onural Özhan, Azi̇be Yildiz, Zeynep Aksungur, Mehmet Erman Erdemli̇, Ni̇gar Vardi, Yusuf Türköz, Ahmet Sami̇ Akbulut, Adem Köse, Hakan Parlakpinar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Hepayocyte loss may develop secondary to liver surgery and at this point liver regeneration plays a significant act in terms of liver reserve. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of apocynin on liver regeneration and preservation after partial hepatectomy in rats. Materials and methods: A total of 32 rats, have been divided into 4 groups (n: 8) for hepatectomy model. Inflammatory and antiinflammatory parameters were measured from blood and liver tissue samples. In addition, the effects of apocynin were examined immunohistochemically and histopathologically from liver tissue. Results: In liver tissue samples, a significant difference has …

Curcumin Promotes Skin Wound Healing By Activating Nrf2 Signaling Pathways And Inducing Apoptosis In Mice, Junli Wu, Li Deng, Ling Yin, Zhirong Mao, Xiaoqing Gao

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Curcumin may have potential as a therapy for wound healing, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. It is not known whether curcumin can promote wound healing by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and inducing apoptosis. This study determined the role of Nrf2 signaling pathway and apoptosis in curcumin-promoting skin wound healing. Materials and methods: The full-thickness skin defect model of mice was made and randomly divided into a control group and a curcumin group. The mice in the curcumin group and in the control group received respectively a daily topical treatment of Vaseline cream with or without 5 mg curcumin. …

Potential Of Synthetic And Natural Compounds As Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors For The Treatment Of Hematological Malignancies, Dilipkumar Pal, Khushboo Raj, Shyam Sundar Nandi, Surajit Sinha, Abhishek Mishra, Arijit Mondal, Ricardo Lagoa, Jack T. Burcher, Anupam Bishayee

Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that remove or add acetyl groups to lysine residues of histones, respectively. Histone deacetylation causes DNA to more snugly encircle histones and decreases gene expression, whereas acetylation has the opposite effect. Through these small alterations in chemical structure, HATs and HDACs regulate DNA expression. Recent research indicates histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) may be used to treat malignancies, including leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, virus-associated tumors, and multiple myeloma. These data suggest that HDACis may boost the production of immune-related molecules, resulting in the growth of CD8-positive T-cells and the recognition of nonreactive tumor …

Reducing Placental Oxidative Stress In A Rat Model Preeclampsia Using Vegfr2 Nanoparticles, Sophia Ganios

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy, where the placenta lacks sufficient blood flow due to abnormal formation of the vascular endothelial cells. This results in hypertension and increased reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. The VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) helps develop new growth, so by increasing the receptors VEGFR2 by injection of LTP nanoparticles into the uterine wall of RUPP rats, one can see if there would be improvement in the otherwise reduced uterine pressure pregnant rat. This would be confirmed by the 8-isoprostane test, which measures oxidative stress.

High Energy Blue Light Induces Oxidative Stress And Retinal Cell Apoptosis, Jessica Malinsky

Capstone Showcase

Blue light (BL) is a high energy, short wavelength spanning 400 to 500 nm. Found in technological and environmental forms, BL has been shown to induce photochemical damage of the retina by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Excess ROS leads to oxidative stress, which disrupts retinal mitochondrial structure and function. As mitochondria amply occupy photoreceptors, they also contribute to oxidative stress due to their selectively significant absorption of BL at 400 to 500 nm. ROS generation that induces oxidative stress subsequently promotes retinal mitochondrial apoptosis. BL filtering and preventative mechanisms have been suggested to improve or repair BL-induced retinal damage, …

The Effects Of Tarantula Cubensis Extract On Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury In Rats, Sai̇me Özbek Şebi̇n, Tuncer Nacar, Ayhan Tanyeli̇, Ersen Eraslan, Mustafa Can Güler, Erdem Toktay, Eli̇f Polat, Hati̇ce Tuğçe Gedi̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) related acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important health problem and has not yet been fully treated. Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) is a homeopathic drug that has antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TCE on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 48 Spraque-Dawley male rats, which were divided into six groups. The first, second, and third groups were control, sham, and IR groups, respectively. Group four received IR and 0.2 mL of 96% ethanol. Group five and six received ischemia and reperfusion …

Association Of Smoking With Total Oxidant And Antioxidant Levels In Breast Milk, Nesibe Yildiz, Adnan Yilmaz

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Breast milk is a natural food that contains all the fluids, energy, and nutrients necessary for the optimum growth and development of newborns. Smoking is a public health problem that has harmful effects on the mother and baby. This study aimed to examine the association of exposure to smoking with total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in breast milk.

Methods: Healthy mothers without any health problems during their pregnancy and lactation periods were selected as subjects. Eighty-eight milk samples (44 in the smoking group and 44 in the nonsmoking group) were examined. TOS and …

Epc-Exs Improve Astrocyte Survival And Oxidative Stress Through Different Uptaking Pathways In Diabetic Hypoxia Condition, Manasi Suchit Halurkar, Jinju Wang, Shuzhen Chen, Ji Chen Bihl

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Background: Hyperglycemia contributes to cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. We confirmed that high glucose (HG) induces endothelial dysfunction and cerebral ischemic injury is enlarged in diabetic mice. Stem cell-released exosomes have been shown to protect the brain from ischemic stroke. We have previously shown that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)-released exosomes (EPC-EXs) can protect endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and HG-induced injury. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of EPC-EXs on astrocytes under H/R and HG-induced injury and whether miR-126 enriched EPC-EXs (miR126-EPC-EXs) have enhanced efficacy. Methods: EPC-EX uptake and co-localization were measured by fluorescent microscopy using …

Effects Of Substance Use Disorder On Oxidative And Antioxidative Stress Markers: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Thiago Wendt Viola, Rodrigo Orso, Luisa Fossati Florian, Miguel Gomes Garcia, Marco Giovanni Signor Gomes, Eduarda Mascarenhas Mardini, João Paulo Ottolia Niederauer, Aline Zaparte, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Recently, it has been suggested that central and peripheral toxicities identified in persons with substance use disorder (SUD) could be partially associated with an imbalance in reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether SUD is associated with oxidative stress and to identify biomarkers possibly more affected by this condition. We have included studies that analysed oxidant and antioxidant markers in individuals with SUD caused by stimulants, alcohol, nicotine, opioids, and others (cannabis, inhalants, and polysubstance use). Our analysis showed that persons with SUD show higher oxidant markers and lower antioxidant markers …

Capture At The Er-Mitochondrial Contacts Licenses Ip, Máté Katona, Ádám Bartók, Zuzana Nichtova, György Csordás, Elena Berezhnaya, David Weaver, Arijita Ghosh, Péter Várnai, David I. Yule, György Hajnóczky

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts (ERMCs) are restructured in response to changes in cell state. While this restructuring has been implicated as a cause or consequence of pathology in numerous systems, the underlying molecular dynamics are poorly understood. Here, we show means to visualize the capture of motile IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) at ERMCs and document the immediate consequences for calcium signaling and metabolism. IP3Rs are of particular interest because their presence provides a scaffold for ERMCs that mediate local calcium signaling, and their function outside of ERMCs depends on their motility. Unexpectedly, in a cell model with little ERMC Ca2+ coupling, IP3Rs …

Stromal Vascular Fraction Restores Vasodilatory Function By Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Oxidative Stress In Aging-Induced Coronary Microvascular Disease., Evan Paul Tracy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Coronary Microvascular Disease (CMD) presents in aging post-menopausal women with chronic angina due to microvascular hyperconstriction. The objective was to identify mechanisms of adipose stromal vascular fraction’s (SVF) restorative effects on vasodilation. We hypothesize aging-induced CMD is caused by a) abrogated flow-mediated dilation (FMD) due to loss of nitric oxide signaling and b) ROS-dependent βADR desensitization & internalization, reversible by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress with SVF. Methods: Coronary microvessels were isolated from female rats either young, old, or old with SVF tail-vein injection (OSVF). Pressure myography, RNA-sequencing, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and morphological analysis were performed to …

Knockdown Of C. Elegans Nad Kinases Nadk-1 Or Nadk-2 Induces An Antioxidant Response Without Affecting Lifespan, Henry Gong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nearly all multicellular organisms show changes in redox balance with aging leading to oxidative damage of macromolecules. This study investigated the role of the [NADP⁺]/[NADPH] redox couple in aging. This redox couple plays an important role in maintaining tissue redox balance and becomes slightly more oxidized in aged tissues. NADPH is a major source of reducing equivalents for enzymes that detoxify hydrogen peroxide. However, catalase detoxifies hydrogen peroxide independently of NADPH. But catalase is absent from mitochondria, a major source of hydrogen peroxide, where instead glutathione plays the major role in hydrogen peroxide detoxification in an NADPH-dependent manner. …

Extracellular Vesicles Released After Cranial Radiation: An Insight Into An Early Mechanism Of Brain Injury, Suriyan Sukati, Jenni Ho, Luksana Chaiswing, Pradoldej Sompol, Harshul Shreekant Pandit, Wendy Wei, Tadahide Izumi, Quan Chen, Heidi Weiss, Teresa Noel, Subbarao Bondada, D. Allan Butterfield, Daret K. St. Clair

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Cranial radiation is important for treating both primary brain tumors and brain metastases. A potential delayed side effect of cranial radiation is neurocognitive function decline. Early detection of CNS injury might prevent further neuronal damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a potential diagnostic tool because of their unique membranous characteristics and cargos. We investigated whether EVs can be an early indicator of CNS injury by giving C57BJ/6 mice 10 Gy cranial IR. EVs were isolated from sera to quantify: 1) number of EVs using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA); 2) Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocyte marker; and 3) …

Arsenic Toxicity On Metabolism And Autophagy In Adipose And Muscle Tissues, Seung-Hyun Ro, Jiyoung Bae, Yura Jang, Jacob Myers, Soonkyu Chung, Jiujiu Yu, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Rodrigo Franco, Hyun-Seob Song

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Arsenic, a naturally occurring metalloid derived from the environment, has been studied worldwide for its causative effects in various cancers. However, the effects of arsenic toxicity on the development and progression of metabolic syndrome, including obesity and diabetes, has received less attention. Many studies suggest that metabolic dysfunction and autophagy dysregulation of adipose and muscle tissues are closely related to the development of metabolic disease. In the USA, arsenic contamination has been reported in some ground water, soil and grain samples in major agricultural regions, but the effects on adipose and muscle tissue metabolism and autophagy have not been investigated …

Association Of Thiol/Disulphide Homeostasis With Bethesda Classification Of Thyroid Nodules And Thyroid Cancer, Muhammet Cüneyt Bi̇lgi̇ner, Abbas Ali̇ Tam, Sevgül Faki, Bağdagül Yüksel Güler, Özcan Erel, İbrahi̇m Kilinç, Di̇dem Özdemi̇r, Oya Topaloğlu, Reyhan Ersoy, Beki̇r Çakir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy are frequently used to diagnose thyroid cancer. However, supportive data might be required in case of diagnostic difficulty. This study investigated whether there is a relationship between thiol/ disulphide homeostasis and cytological and histopathological diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Materials and methods: The patient group consisted of 81 individuals with euthyroid nodular (single/multiple) goiter scheduled for thyroidectomy, and the control group consisted of 28 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers who had no thyroid nodule on ultrasonographic evaluation. All participants were selected among the admissions to the study clinic between June 2017 and June 2018, and …

What Is The Protective Effect Of Preischemic Kisspeptin-10 Administration Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Of Striatum On Mice?, Hati̇ce Akkaya, Engi̇n Sümer, Seli̇m Kutlu, Hati̇ce Solak, Bayram Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide with a primary role on the onset of puberty and has beneficial effects on ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of kisspeptin administration on striatal I/R injury in mice. Material and methods: Forty adult C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, Kisspeptin, I/R, and I/R + Kisspeptin groups. The groups were administered with either physiological saline (Sham and I/R groups) or kisspeptin (Kisspeptin and I/R + Kisspeptin groups) intraperitoneally 40 min before the operation. A microdialysis probe was placed in the right striatum according to stereotaxic …

Investigating The Mitochondrial Protein Mitoneet In C. Elegans Models Of Aging And Alzheimer's Disease, Jacob Ryan Boos

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and elimination, favoring the former. Reactive oxygen species serve as important signaling molecules for physiological homeostasis. However, when produced in excess, these once important signaling molecules become detrimental, disrupting cellular functions, and ultimately leading to cell death. In aging, reactive oxygen species production is increased, accompanied with reductions in oxidative stress resistance, increasing the risk for developing age-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancer, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. The outer mitochondrial membrane iron-sulfur cluster containing protein mitoNEET (CISD1; gene CISD1) has shown to be a mediator of mitochondrial function and …

Hidden Threat In Familial Mediterranean Fever: Subclinical Inflammation, Oxidative Stress And Their Relationship With Vitamin D Status, Mhd Boshr Alesh, Di̇dem Barlak Keti̇, Ayşenur Paç Kisaarslan, Sabahatti̇n Muhtaroğlu, Sema Nur Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Vitamin D levels have been investigated in children with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), but the relationship between vitamin D status and inflammation/oxidative stress indicators could not be clearly demonstrated. This study aimed to investi- gate the relationship between subclinical inflammation/oxidative stress and vitamin D status in children with FMF during an attack-free period. Materials and methods: In the cross-sectional study, ninety children with FMF in the attack-free period and 30 healthy children were included. Patients were grouped according to their vitamin D status (< 20, 20-29, and 30-100 ng/mL). The groups were compared in terms of pentraxin 3 (PTX-3), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS). Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with vitamin D status. Results: PTX-3 levels were significantly higher in patients with vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/mL) than in the group with vitamin D sufficient (30-100 ng/mL). Patients with vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) had higher TOS. A strong negative correlation was ob- served between vitamin D levels and TOS (p = 0.003). Subclinical inflammation (PTX-3 ≥ 0.640) and high TOS levels were negatively associated with vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Subclinical inflammation and oxidative stress were negatively associated with vitamin D levels in patients with FMF dur- ing an attack-free period. Sufficient vitamin D levels are important in fighting subclinical inflammation and oxidative stress in children with FMF.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Prevents Atrial Electrical And Structural Remodeling Via Inhibition Of Nadph Oxidase In A Rabbit Rapid Atrial Pacing Model, Lei Chen, Wen Gao, Yameng Shao, Chenggang Li, Yuan Lu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural compound, one of the natural antioxidants with high activity. In the NADPH oxidase family, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is an important subunit participating in the production of ROS. NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) can form active NADPH oxidase complexes when binding to several other subunits in the cytoplasm, and NOX2 is its major functional subunit. Rapid atrial pacing (RAP) model was constructed to study the effects of ALA on electrical and structural remodeling in rabbits. Materials and methods: Thirty rabbits were divided into SHAM group, RAP group and ALA+RAP group. Their right atriums were …