Medical Sciences Commons^™

Oral Findings In Children With Celiac Disease, Vi̇ldan Erteki̇n, Muhammed Aki̇f Sümbüllü, Mahya Sultan Tosun, Mukadder Ayşe Seli̇moğlu, Mustafa Kara, Ni̇hat Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To investigate whether Turkish children with celiac disease (CD) show dental enamel defects (DEDs), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), teeth missing, and xerostomia, and to compare the results with age- and sex-matched healthy children. Materials and methods: The oral cavity was explored in 81 patients with CD (mean age 8.7 ± 3.7 years; age range 2.5 to 17 years) and in 20 healthy controls. Enamel defects, teeth missing, RAS, and xerostomia were established. Results: Forty-three (53.1%) celiac patients and 5 (25%) control subjects had enamel defects. Enamel defects occurred more frequently in patients (P = 0.025) compared to controls. Regarding …

Effect Of Cycloplegia On Refractive Errors Measured With Three Different Refractometers In School-Age Children, Ceyhun Arici, Adem Türk, Soner Keski̇n, Osman Meli̇h Ceylan, Fati̇h Mehmet Mutlu, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Altinsoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To compare 3 different refractometers with and without cycloplegia and to examine whether the photorefractometer necessitates cycloplegia in the measurement of refractive errors. Materials and methods: Included in the study were 62 eyes of 31 pediatric patients. The refractive errors of all of the eyes were measured with and without cycloplegia using a table-top autorefractometer (Potec PRK-6000), hand-held autorefractometer (Nidek ARK-30), and photorefractometer (Plusoptix S08), respectively. The spherical power, cylindrical power, cylindrical axis, spherical equivalent, and interpupillary distance values obtained were statistically compared. Results: The average age of the patients was 10.03 ± 2.79 years. There were statistically significant …

Is The Six-Minute Walk Test Correlated With Disease Control And Quality Of Life In Children With Asthma?, Hasan Yüksel, Özge Yilmaz, Bülent Gökşen, Senem Üstün, Ayhan Söğüt

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the changes in a 6-min walk test (6MWT) and quality of life (QoL) before and after asthma control is achieved in children. A 6MWT is used in the determination of disease severity in many chronic childhood diseases. Materials and methods: Thirty-six asthmatic children, aged 6 to 15 years, were enrolled before asthma control was achieved. Disease severity parameters during the previous 3 months were recorded. All of the children completed an asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and received a symptom score; a 6MWT was performed during enrollment and 1 month later, when asthma control was achieved. Results: The initial …

Use Of Dried-Blood-Spot Samples And In-House Assays To Identify Antiretroviral Drug Resistance In Hiv-Infected Children In Resource-Constrained Settings, Carrie Ziemniak, Yohannes Mengistu, Andrea Ruff, Ya-Hui Chen, Leila Khaki, Abubaker Bedri, Birgitte B. Simen, Paul Palumbo

Dartmouth Scholarship

Monitoring HIV drug resistance is an important component of the World Health Organization's global HIV program. HIV drug resistance testing is optimal with commercially available clinically validated test kits using plasma; however, that type of testing may not be feasible or affordable in resource-constrained settings. HIV genotyping from dried blood spots (DBS) with noncommercial (in-house) assays may facilitate the capture of HIV drug resistance outcomes in resource-constrained settings but has had varying rates of success. With in-house assays for HIV reverse transcriptase, we evaluated the yield of genotyping DBS samples collected from HIV-infected children who were enrolled in two clinical …

Mast Cell Activation And Clinical Outcome In Pediatric Cholelithiasis And Biliary Dyskinesia., Craig A. Friesen, Nancy Neilan, James F. Daniel, Kim Radford, Jennifer Verrill Schurman, Ding-You Li, Linda Andre, Shawn D. St Peter, G W. Holcomb Iii

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The current study was undertaken to determine the degree of activation of gallbladder mucosal mast cells, whether mast cell (MC) density or activation differ between patients with and without a positive clinical response to cholecystectomy, and whether either density or activation correlate with gallbladder emptying.

RESULTS: Fifteen biliary dyskinesia (BD) and 13 symptomatic cholelithiasis (CL) patients undergoing cholecystectomy were prospectively enrolled. Gallbladder wall MC density (by immunohistochemistry) and activation (by electron microscopy) were determined. Clinical response was evaluated 30 days post-cholecystectomy on a 5-point Likert-type scale. A complete or nearly complete clinical response was seen in 100% of CL …

Factors Associated With Serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels After The Fontan Procedure., Andrew M. Atz, Victor Zak, Roger E. Breitbart, Steven D. Colan, Sara K. Pasquali, Daphne T. Hsu, Minmin Lu, Lynn Mahony, Stephen M. Paridon, Michael D. Puchalski, Tal Geva, Brian W. Mccrindle, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Although a useful marker of heart failure in adults, the utility of brain natriuretic peptide concentration (BNP) for children after the Fontan procedure is not well studied.

DESIGN: BNP was measured in 510 patients who were 6-18 years old in the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan cross-sectional study at a median of 8.2 years after Fontan. Patients underwent echocardiography, exercise testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional health status questionnaires. Associations of BNP with baseline patient characteristics, medical history and cross-sectional assessment were examined with multivariable linear regression analyses.

RESULTS: The distribution of BNP was highly skewed, median 13.0 pg/mL …

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level And Acute-Phase Reaction Following Initial Intravenous Bisphosphonate., Tarak Srivastava, Hongying Dai, Connie J. Haney, Uri S. Alon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Negative Associations Between Corpus Callosum Midsagittal Area And Iq In A Representative Sample Of Healthy Children And Adolescents., Hooman Ganjavi, John D Lewis, Pierre Bellec, Penny A Macdonald, Deborah P Waber, Alan C Evans, Sherif Karama, The Brain Development Cooperative Group

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Documented associations between corpus callosum size and cognitive ability have heretofore been inconsistent potentially owing to differences in sample characteristics, differing methodologies in measuring CC size, or the use of absolute versus relative measures. We investigated the relationship between CC size and intelligence quotient (IQ) in the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development sample, a large cohort of healthy children and adolescents (aged six to 18, n = 198) recruited to be representative of the US population. CC midsagittal area was measured using an automated system that partitioned the CC into 25 subregions. IQ was measured using the Wechsler …

Obesity In Children And Adolescents And Its Relationship With Hypertension, Dr Vijayanath Itagi, Ramesh Patil

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

It is difficult to project the prevalence of obesity and overweight among children in India since there is no nationally representative data from India. We determined the time trends in childhood obesity in a representative sample of schoolchildren from Raichur District, Karnataka and investigated the relationship of obesity with blood pressure. Materials and methods: We used a stratified random cluster sampling method to select the children. Anthropometric data were collected from 23,842 students, 5-16 years of age, during 2005-06. Blood pressure and anthropometric data were collected from 19,263 students during 2007-08. Overweight and obesity were defined by body mass index …

Deficits In Attention To Emotional Stimuli Distinguish Youth With Severe Mood Dysregulation From Youth With Bipolar Disorder., Brendan A Rich, Melissa A Brotman, Daniel P Dickstein, Derek G V Mitchell, R James R Blair, Ellen Leibenluft

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Studying attention in the context of emotional stimuli may aid in differentiating pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) from severe mood dysregulation (SMD). SMD is characterized by chronic irritability, arousal, and hyper-reactivity; SMD youth frequently receive a BD diagnosis although they do not meet DSM-IV criteria for BD because they lack manic episodes. We compared 57 BD (14.4 +/- 2.9 years old, 56% male), 41 SMD (12.6 +/- 2.6 years old, 66% male), and 33 control subjects (13.7 +/- 2.5 years old, 52% male) using the Emotional Interrupt task, which examines how attention is impacted by positive, negative, or neutral distracters. We …

Trace Elements And Physical Activity In Children And Adolescents With Depression, M. Meti̇n Donma, Orki̇de Donma

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Depression is a common mental health problem among adolescents. Depressive symptoms are also important and may appear even during the preschool period. Physical activity, which may improve some mental health problems, is inversely associated with depression. Due to the presence of some clinical evidence about the relation between the use of antidepressants and suicide, there is a need for supportive agents during antidepressant therapy. Within this context, essential trace elements gain importance for further consideration. Protection of the developing brain from the negative effects of iron deficiency is important because of iron deficiency's association with poor mental development. Reactions between …

Atorvastatin May Have No Effect On Acute Phase Reaction In Children After Intravenous Bisphosphonate Infusion., Tarak Srivastava, Connie J. Haney, Uri S. Alon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy is associated with acute phase reaction characterized by fever and musculoskeletal pain. Bisphosphonates have been shown in vitro to activate gammadeltaT-cells to proliferate and produce cytokines, suggesting a role in acute phase reaction, which can be effectively blocked by statins. We conducted a double-blind randomized crossover placebo controlled study in 12 children (12.1 +/- 4.2 yr; 10 girls and 2 boys) receiving intravenous bisphosphonates to evaluate whether statins can be used to prevent acute phase reaction associated with therapy. Children received two cycles given 3-4 mo apart of intravenous bisphosphonate given on 2 consecutive days in each …

Viral Etiology And Symptoms Of Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections In Children, Emi̇n Ünüvar, İsmai̇l Yildiz, Ayşe Kiliç, Seyhan Selvi̇ Aslan, Bülent Çakal, Sadik Toprak, Seli̇m Badur, Fatma Oğuz, Müjgan Sidal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aims: To determine viral causes of acute upper respiratory tract infections and clinical findings in children living in Istanbul, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 234 outpatient children (age range: 1-180 months) with acute upper respiratory tract infections, seen in the outpatient clinic at Istanbul Medical School Children´s Hospital. After clinical findings were recorded, nasal swab specimens were taken. In 201 specimens collected, influenza-A and -B, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza viruses were studied using direct fluorescence antibody, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and cell culture techniques. Results: Rate of virus isolation was 29.8% (60/201). …

Evaluation And Follow-Up Of Cases Diagnosed As Child Abuse And Neglect At A Tertiary Hospital In Turkey, Ülkü Tiraş, Di̇lek Di̇lli̇, Yildiz Dallar, Resmi̇ye Oral

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: Data on child maltreatment in Turkey would appear to be scarce. This manuscript aims to address the prevalence and severity of child maltreatment in Turkey. Materials and methods: We report on 215 cases at the Ministry of Health’s Ankara Training and Research Hospital that were followed-up by the multidisciplinary Child Protection Team (CPT) between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2005. The data collected on subjects included characteristics of the victims and the perpetrators, family demographics, maltreatment types, medical findings, mortality rate, and outcomes for the victim and the perpetrator. Results: Age and gender distribution of the victims were …

Borderline Personality Disorder: An Overview Of History, Diagnosis And Treatment In Adolescents, Linah Al-Alem, Hatim A. Omar

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a cluster B personality disorder. It is characterized by erratic behaviors, emotional instability and one of its hallmarks is self injurious behavior, which starts in adolescence. Patients with BPD are difficult to treat, most have a history of child sexual abuse, about a quarter present with sexual abuse from a caretaker. Although personality disorders are diagnosed only in adults, BPD manifests itself in adolescence in the form of uncontrollable anger, self mutilations, dissociation and other such behaviors. Hence, there is a growing number of scientists discussing the possibility of diagnosing BPD in adolescents. Here, we …

Bilateral Galactocele In A Male Infant, Hakan Döneray, Behzat Özkan, Fazli Erdoğan, Ahmet Bedi̇i̇ Salman

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Temporary breast enlargement may be seen in normal newborn and adolescent boys. Cysts of the breast are uncommon in childhood. Galactocele, defined as an encysted collection of milk products, is an extremely rare cause of breast enlargement in infants and children. We herein report a male infant with bilateral galactocele who was otherwise healthy, and we also review the literature.

Human Collagen Krox Up-Regulates Type I Collagen Expression In Normal And Scleroderma Fibroblasts Through Interaction With Sp1 And Sp3 Transcription Factors., Magdalini Kypriotou, Gallic Beauchef, Christos Chadjichristos, Russell Widom, Emmanuelle Renard, Sergio A. Jimenez, Joseph Korn, François-Xavier Maquart, Thierry Oddos, Otto Von Stetten, Jean-Pierre Pujol, Philippe Galéra

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Despite several investigations, the transcriptional mechanisms that regulate the expression of both type I collagen genes (COL1A1 and COL1A2) in either physiological or pathological situations, such as scleroderma, are not completely known. We have investigated the role of hc-Krox transcription factor on type I collagen expression by human dermal fibroblasts. hc-Krox exerted a stimulating effect on type I collagen protein synthesis and enhanced the corresponding mRNA steady-state levels of COL1A1 and COL1A2 in foreskin fibroblasts (FF), adult normal fibroblasts (ANF), and scleroderma fibroblasts (SF). Forced hc-Krox expression was found to up-regulate COL1A1 transcription through a -112/-61-bp sequence in FF, ANF, …

Brain Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Findings In A Patient With Aicardi Syndrome, Mustafa Aydin, Tansel Ansal Balci, Ni̇met Kabakuş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aicardi syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant genetic disorder characterized by infantile spasms, agenesis or hypogenesis of the corpus callosum, and chorioretinal lacunae. There remain many unresolved questions regarding the clinical features of this disorder. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have allowed us to obtain information about brain development and perfusion. Thus, we present herein the brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings in a 15-month-old female with Aicardi syndrome, which revealed that perfusion had shifted from the posterior to anterior regions. Furthermore, the right temporal lobe was not visualized, while significant hypoperfusion was determined on the occipital regions and …

Molecular Diagnosis Of Burkitt's Lymphoma., Sandeep S. Dave, Kai Fu, George W. Wright, Lloyd T. Lam, Philip Kluin, Evert-Jan Boerma, Timothy Greiner, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Hans-Konrad Müller-Hermelink, Randy D. Gascoyne, Jan Delabie, Lisa M. Rimsza, Rita M. Braziel, Thomas M. Grogan, Elias Campo, Elaine S. Jaffe, Bhavana J. Dave, Warren Sanger, M Bast, Julie M. Vose, James O. Armitage, Joseph M. Connors, Erlend B. Smeland, Stein Kvaloy, Harald Holte, Richard I. Fisher, Thomas P. Miller, Emilio Montserrat, Wyndham H. Wilson, Manisha Bahl, Hong Zhao, Liming Yang, John Powell, Richard Simon, Wing C. Chan, Louis M. Staudt

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

BACKGROUND: The distinction between Burkitt's lymphoma and diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is crucial because these two types of lymphoma require different treatments. We examined whether gene-expression profiling could reliably distinguish Burkitt's lymphoma from diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma.

METHODS: Tumor-biopsy specimens from 303 patients with aggressive lymphomas were profiled for gene expression and were also classified according to morphology, immunohistochemistry, and detection of the t(8;14) c-myc translocation.

RESULTS: A classifier based on gene expression correctly identified all 25 pathologically verified cases of classic Burkitt's lymphoma. Burkitt's lymphoma was readily distinguished from diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma by the high level of expression of c-myc target …

Mixed Germ Cell Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors Of The Testis And Ovary. Morphological, Immunohistochemical, And Molecular Genetic Study Of Seven Cases, Michal Michal, Tomas Vanacek, Radek Sima, Petr Mukensnabl, Ondrej Hes, Dmitry V. Kazakov, Jozef Matoska, Anna Zuntova, Vladimir Dvorak, Alexander Talerman

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

We present the morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic features of three cases of testicular and four cases of ovarian mixed germ cell sex cord-stromal tumors (MGSCT). The germ cells in the testicular MGSCTs morphologically differed from those in classical seminomas by lacking the typical "square off" quality of the nuclei. In contrast to the nuclei in classical seminomas, their size in testicular MGSCTs was smaller and nucleoli were inconspicuous and the cytoplasm was Periodic Acid-Schiff(PAS) negative. Quite on the contrary, the variability in the size of the nuclei of the germ cells in the testicular MGSCTs was more similar to …

Early Onset Stroke Due To Fibromuscular Dysplasia In A Child, Selçuk Çomoğlu, Yavuz Gürer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a rare, idiopathic and nonatheromatous disease. Definitive diagnosis is made only by angiography, which is characterized by a "string of beads" appearance. In this article, we present the rare entity of early-onset thromboembolic stroke due to FMD in a case who was found to have a carotid artery lesion in angiography. Antiaggregant therapy was given (300 mg/oral/day) and partial improvement was observed on follow-up.

Cell-Cycle Regulatory Proteins In Podocyte Cell In Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Of Childhood., Tarak Srivastava, Robert E. Garola, J M. Whiting, Uri S. Alon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The podocyte cell is believed to play an important role in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) of childhood. In adults with cellular and collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), the expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins such as p27, p57, and cyclin D is decreased and expression of cyclin A, Ki-67, and p21 is observed in podocyte cells suggestive of a dysregulated podocyte phenotype. We investigated for alterations in the expression of cyclin kinase inhibitors, p27, p57, p21, and cyclins D and A in the podocyte cell of children with INS.

METHODS: Forty-two kidney biopsies were investigated; 14 with minimal-change disease (MCD), …

Association Of Viral Genome With Graft Loss In Children After Cardiac Transplantation., Girish S. Shirali, J Ni, R E. Chinnock, J K. Johnston, G L. Rosenthal, N E. Bowles, J A. Towbin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The survival of recipients of cardiac allografts is limited by rejection, lymphoproliferative disease, and coronary vasculopathy. The purpose of this study in children who had received heart transplants was to evaluate the cardiac allografts for myocardial viral infections and to determine whether the presence of viral genome in the myocardium correlates with rejection, coronary vasculopathy, or graft loss.

METHODS: We enrolled heart-transplant recipients 1 day to 18 years old who were undergoing evaluation for possible rejection and coronary vasculopathy. Endomyocardial-biopsy specimens were evaluated for evidence of rejection with the use of standard criteria and were analyzed for the presence …

Global Cns Gene Transfer For A Childhood Neurogenetic Enzyme Deficiency: Canavan Disease., Paola Leone, Christopher G Janson, Scott J Mcphee, Matthew J During

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

The neurogenetic prototypic disease on which we chose to test our gene therapy strategy is Canavan disease (CD). CD is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy associated with spongiform degeneration of the brain. At present the disease is uniformly fatal in affected probands. CD is characterized by mutations in the aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene, resulting in loss of enzyme activity. In this review, recent evidence is summarized on the etiology and possible treatments for CD. In particular, we discuss two gene delivery systems representing recent advances in both viral and liposome technology: a novel cationic liposome-polymer-DNA (LPD) complex, DCChol/DOPE-protamine, as well as recombinant …