Medical Sciences Commons^™

Innovation And Missed Opportunities In Internal Medicine Undergraduate Education During Covid-19: Results From A National Survey, Irene Alexandraki, Katherine J Walsh, Temple Ratcliffe, Chavon Onumah, Karen Szauter, Camilla Curren, Nora Osman, Cindy J Lai, Deborah Dewaay, Nicholas S Duca, Amy Weinstein, Nadia Ismail, Jackcy Jacob, Michael Kisielewski, Amber T Pincavage

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 disrupted undergraduate clinical education when medical schools removed students from clinical rotations following AAMC recommendations. Clerkship directors (CDs) had to adapt rapidly and modify clerkship curricula. However, the scope and effects of these modifications are unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of the initial phase of COVID-19 on the internal medicine (IM) undergraduate clinical education.

DESIGN: A nationally representative web survey.

PARTICIPANTS: IM CDs from 137 LCME-accredited US medical schools in 2020.

MAIN MEASURES: Items (80) assessed clerkship structure and curriculum, assessment in clerkships, post-clerkship IM clinical experiences, and CD roles and support. The framework of Understanding Crisis …

Provider Perceptions Of Telehealth And In-Person Exposure And Response Prevention For Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Andrew D Wiese, Kendall N Drummond, Madeleine N Fuselier, Jessica C Sheu, Gary Liu, Andrew G Guzick, Wayne K Goodman, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Until recently, psychotherapies, including exposure and response prevention (ERP) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), have primarily been delivered in-person. The COVID-19 pandemic required OCD providers delivering ERP to quickly transition to telehealth services. While evidence supports telehealth ERP delivery, limited research has examined OCD provider perceptions about patient characteristics that are most appropriate for this modality, as well as provider abilities to identify and address factors interfering with effective telehealth ERP. In the present study, OCD therapists (N = 113) rated the feasibility of delivering telehealth ERP relative to in-person for different (1) patient age-groups, (2) levels of OCD severity, and …

Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Terkonfirmasi Covid-19 Di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya., Rizka Fahmia, Helda Helda

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Banyaknya kasus COVID-19 membuat daya tampung fasilitas kesehatan hampir tidak mencukupi untuk memberikan pelayanan medis rawat inap yang memadai pada pasien COVID- 19. Studi yang dilakukan di beberapa negara seperti China, Beijing, Vietnam, Amerika Serikat melaporkan durasi dan faktor risiko rawat inap pasien COVID-19 yang bervariasi. Namun, saat ini penelitian tentang durasi dan faktor risiko lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19 di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor risiko lama rawat inap pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia (RSUI). Desain studi potong lintang dilakukan pada 266 pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat inap di RSUI selama Maret sampai dengan …

Biochemical, Biophysical, And Immunological Characterization Of Respiratory Secretions In Severe Sars-Cov-2 Infections, Michael J Kratochvil, Gernot Kaber, Sally Demirdjian, Pamela C Cai, Elizabeth B Burgener, Nadine Nagy, Graham L Barlow, Medeea Popescu, Mark R Nicolls, Michael G Ozawa, Donald P Regula, Ana E Pacheco-Navarro, Samuel Yang, Vinicio A De Jesus Perez, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Andrew M Peters, Bihong Zhao, Maximilian L Buja, Pamela Y Johnson, Robert B Vernon, Thomas N Wight, Carlos E Milla, Angela J Rogers, Andrew J Spakowitz, Sarah C Heilshorn, Paul L Bollyky

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Thick, viscous respiratory secretions are a major pathogenic feature of COVID-19, but the composition and physical properties of these secretions are poorly understood. We characterized the composition and rheological properties (i.e., resistance to flow) of respiratory secretions collected from intubated COVID-19 patients. We found the percentages of solids and protein content were greatly elevated in COVID-19 compared with heathy control samples and closely resembled levels seen in cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease known for thick, tenacious respiratory secretions. DNA and hyaluronan (HA) were major components of respiratory secretions in COVID-19 and were likewise abundant in cadaveric lung tissues from these …

Promoting Cancer Health Equity: A Qualitative Study Of Mentee And Mentor Perspectives Of A Training Program For Underrepresented Scholars In Cancer Health Disparities, Anastasia Rogova, Isabel Martinez Leal, Maggie Britton, Shine Chang, Kamisha H Escoto, Kayce D Solari Williams, Crystal Roberson, Lorna H Mcneill, Lorraine R Reitzel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Racial and ethnic minorities, and women, experience stark disparities in cancer risk behaviors and mortality rates, yet often remain underrepresented in scientific research positions. We conducted an exploratory, qualitative study to examine the value of mentored research experience as part of an NCI-funded research training program designed to increase the representation of minority and women scientists in cancer disparities research. Using individual interviews, we explored 16 mentees' and 7 mentors' program experiences and perspectives to identify the most effective strategies to build strong mentoring relationships that could ultimately contribute to increased representation in health disparities research. Two expert analysts employed …

Descriptive Analysis Of Acute Ischemic Stroke In Covid-19 Patients Through The Course Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Amman Bhasin, Jay Liuhong Liu, Keval Shah, Amin Marji, Ricky Sareini, Shishir Rao, Wazim Mohamed, Kumar Rajamani, Parthasarathi Chamiraju, Ayaz Khawaja

Medical Student Research Symposium

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). Here, we characterize our institutional experience with management of COVID-19 and AIS. Baseline demographics, clinical, imaging, and outcomes data were determined in patients with COVID-19 and AIS presenting within March 2020 thru October 2020, and November 2020 thru August 2021, based on institutional COVID-19 hospitalization volume. Of 2512 COVID-19 patients, 35 (1.39%, mean age 63.3 years, 54% women) had AIS. AIS recognition was frequently delayed after COVID-19 symptoms (median 19.5 days). Four patients (31%) were on therapeutic anticoagulation at AIS recognition. AIS mechanism was undetermined or due to …

Meta-Analysis Of 175 Patients With Covid-19 And Seizures, Status Epilepticus, Or Cortical Myoclonus: An Individual Patient Data Analysis, Aditi Kappagantu Bs, Helena A. Brantz Ms, Amman Bhasin Ba, Cristina Jageka Bs, Rooqash Ali Md, Izzy Saef Md, Brittany M. Stopa Mph, Ayaz Khawaja Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Objective

To characterize management and outcomes of seizures, status epilepticus, and cortical myoclonus in COVID-19, with individual patient data analysis of published literature.

Methods

Systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Criteria included new-onset seizures, status epilepticus, and/or cortical myoclonus with concomitant COVID-19. COVID-19 severity was dichotomized into mild and severe cases. Good outcome was defined as discharge without severe deficits, and/or return to baseline.

Results

A total of 105 studies reporting 176 patients (male 56.3%;mean age 47.8,SD 25.6) were included. Status epilepticus occurred in 47 patients (26.7%) and myoclonus in 41 (23.3%). Severe COVID-19 occurred in …

The Short-Term Effects Of Fine Airborne Particulate Matter And Climate On Covid-19 Disease Dynamics, El Hussain Shamsa, Kezhong Zhang

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Despite more than 60% of the United States population being fully vaccinated, COVID-19 cases continue to spike in a temporal pattern. These patterns in COVID-19 incidence and mortality may be linked to short-term changes in environmental factors.

Methods: Nationwide, county-wise measurements for COVID-19 cases and deaths, fine-airborne particulate matter (PM_2.5), and maximum temperature were obtained from March 20, 2020 to March 20, 2021. Multivariate Linear Regression was used to analyze the association between environmental factors and COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates in each season. Negative Binomial Regression was used to analyze daily fluctuations of COVID-19 cases …

Challenges Created By The Covid-19 Pandemic: Pediatric Emergency Medicine And Disaster Management Perspectives, Thomas E Tanner, Nichole R Davis, Brent D Kaziny, Erin E Endom, Esther M Sampayo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has presented unique challenges to pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) departments. The purpose of this study was to identify these challenges and ascertain how centers overcame barriers in creating solutions to continue to provide high-quality care and keep their workforce safe during the early pandemic.

METHODS: This is a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with physicians in leadership positions who have disaster or emergency management experience. Participants were identified through purposive sampling. Interviews were recorded and transcribed electronically. Themes and codes were extracted from the transcripts by 2 independent coders. Constant comparison analysis was …

Effect Of Awake Prone Positioning On Endotracheal Intubation In Patients With Covid-19 And Acute Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Waleed Alhazzani, Ken Kuljit S Parhar, Jason Weatherald, Zainab Al Duhailib, Mohammed Alshahrani, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Sarah Buabbas, Sujith V Cherian, Laveena Munshi, Eddy Fan, Fahad Al-Hameed, Jamal Chalabi, Amera A Rahmatullah, Erick Duan, Jennifer L Y Tsang, Kimberley Lewis, François Lauzier, John Centofanti, Bram Rochwerg, Sarah Culgin, Katlynne Nelson, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Kirsten M Fiest, Henry T Stelfox, Haytham Tlayjeh, Maureen O Meade, Dan Perri, Kevin Solverson, Daniel J Niven, Rachel Lim, Morten Hylander Møller, Emilie Belley-Cote, Lehana Thabane, Hani Tamim, Deborah J Cook, Yaseen M Arabi, Covi-Prone Trial Investigators And The Saudi Critical Care Trials Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: The efficacy and safety of prone positioning is unclear in nonintubated patients with acute hypoxemia and COVID-19.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of prone positioning in nonintubated adult patients with acute hypoxemia and COVID-19.

Design, setting, and participants: Pragmatic, unblinded randomized clinical trial conducted at 21 hospitals in Canada, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the US. Eligible adult patients with COVID-19 were not intubated and required oxygen (≥40%) or noninvasive ventilation. A total of 400 patients were enrolled between May 19, 2020, and May 18, 2021, and final follow-up was completed in July 2021.

Intervention: Patients were …

Part I Antimicrobial Resistance: Bacterial Pathogens Of Dermatologic Significance And Implications Of Rising Resistance, Saira George, Fiorinda F Muhaj, Celine D Nguyen, Stephen K Tyring

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been the defining global health crisis of our time, public health officials have been sounding the alarm of another ominous threat for years: an impending antimicrobial resistance crisis. In dermatology, antibiotics are often used for prolonged courses in the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections and common inflammatory skin conditions, increasing the risk of microbiome alteration and antibiotic-related adverse effects, all while exerting consequential selective pressures on both pathogenic and bystander bacteria. In this review, we hope to raise awareness of the crisis of antimicrobial resistance and review resistance concerns related to dermatology-relevant bacterial …

Pneumothorax And Pneumomediastinum In Covid-19: A Case Series, Stephan Reyes, Brad Roche, Farah Kazzaz, Daniel Ocazionez, Aditya P Lal, Rosa M Estrada-Y-Martin, Sujith V Cherian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

COVID- 19 has become a major pandemic affecting more than 11 million people worldwide. Common radiological manifestations of COVID-19 include peripheral based ground-glass or consolidative opacities; however, pneumothorax and pneumo-mediastinum are very rare manifestations; even more so within patients not on mechanical ventilation. We present a case series of 5 patients with COVID-19 who either presented with or developed spontaneous pneumothorax or pneumo-mediastinum within the course of hospitalization. With the exception of one patient, all other patients developed pneumothorax as a late manifestation in their illness; more than 10 days after initial symptom onset in COVID-19. From within this case …

Evolution Of International Pediatric Endoscopic Practice Changes During The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic, Wenly Ruan, Douglas S Fishman, Diana G Lerner, Raoul I Furlano, Mike Thomson, Catharine M Walsh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically altered endoscopic practices. We initially reported the international impact of COVID-19 on pediatric endoscopic practice. This follow-up study aimed to assess changes 7 months following the initial survey to delineate practice change patterns as the pandemic evolved.

METHODS: Pediatric gastroenterologists who responded to the initial survey were re-surveyed seven months later using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). The survey recorded information on changes in pediatric endoscopic practice patterns, including COVID-19 screening and testing processes and personal protective equipment (PPE) utilization. Additionally, endoscopists' risk tolerance of COVID-19 transmission was evaluated.

RESULTS: Seventy-five …

Social And Demographic Disparities In The Severity Of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children, Fabio Savorgnan, Sebastian Acosta, Alexander Alali, Axel Moreira, Ananth Annapragada, Craig G Rusin, Saul Flores, Rohit S Loomba, Alvaro Moreira

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Social constructs are known risk factors for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. A review of 206 patients demonstrated that children who were non-Hispanic Black, over the age of 12 years or living in a disadvantaged neighborhood associated with severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (intensive care unit admission, intubation and/or vasopressor use).

Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Visual Outcomes Of Diabetic Macular Edema Patients At A Tertiary Care Veterans Affairs Center, Philip Zhou, Jie Gao, Xiaofan Huang, Kristen A Staggers, Kristin Biggerstaff, Silvia Orengo-Nania, Roomasa Channa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: There are limited studies on factors that impacted retina clinic patient outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate visual and anatomic outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) requiring anti-VEGF injections at the veterans' affairs tertiary care eye clinic in Houston, TX.

METHODS: Patient volume from April 2020 was compared to that of April 2019 to determine attendance changes. To evaluate outcomes, we reviewed patients with DME who had scheduled appointments during April 2020. We tracked changes in central foveal thickness (CFT) and Snellen visual acuity (VA) measurements. Patient outcomes were classified as poor (defined as …

Aberrant Fibrin Clot Structure Visualized Ex Vivo In Critically Ill Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Lisa S Brubaker, Arun Saini, Trung C Nguyen, Marina Martinez-Vargas, Fong W Lam, Qizhi Yao, Michele M Loor, Todd K Rosengart, Miguel A Cruz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: Disseminated fibrin-rich microthrombi have been reported in patients who died from COVID-19. Our objective is to determine whether the fibrin clot structure and function differ between critically ill patients with or without COVID-19 and to correlate the structure with clinical coagulation biomarkers.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional observational study. Platelet poor plasma was used to analyze fibrin clot structure; the functional implications were determined by quantifying clot turbidity and porosity.

SETTING: ICU at an academic medical center and an academic laboratory.

PATIENTS: Patients admitted from July 1 to August 1, 2020, to the ICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 …

A Single Dose Of The Deactivated Rabies-Virus Vectored Covid-19 Vaccine, Coravax, Is Highly Efficacious And Alleviates Lung Inflammation In The Hamster Model, Drishya Kurup, Christoph Wirblich, Leila Zabihi Diba, Rachael Lambert, Megan Watson, Noor Shaikh, Holly Ramage, Charalambos Solomides, Matthias J Schnell

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Without sufficient herd immunity through either vaccination or natural infection, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is unlikely to be controlled. Waning immunity with the currently approved vaccines suggests the need to evaluate vaccines causing the induction of long-term responses. Here, we report the immunogenicity and efficacy of our adjuvanted single-dose Rabies-vectored SARS-CoV-2 S1 vaccine, CORAVAX, in hamsters. CORAVAX induces high SARS-CoV-2 S1-specific and virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) that prevent weight loss, viral loads, disease, lung inflammation, and the cytokine storm in hamsters. We also observed high Rabies VNA titers. In summary, CORAVAX is a promising dual-antigen vaccine candidate for clinical evaluation …

Global Community Of Practice: A Means For Capacity And Community Strengthening For Health Professionals In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Allison Silverstein, Amy Benson, Catriona Gates, Diane Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Low- and middle-income countries face distinct challenges in providing health care services and training. The community of practice (CoP) has been described as a method of facilitating much-needed connections and conversations on this topic and has been adapted over time to include virtual CoPs. We describe the development and evaluation of a global Clinical Lead Forum (CLF) using a CoP framework to structure informal continuing professional development (CPD) and enhance the capacity of health care professionals in low- and middle-income countries.

METHODS: Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) and its network of affiliated, independent non-governmental organizations …

A Case Report On Causes Of Covid-19 Induced Psychosis And Treatments, Jennifer Pires, Steven Sarner

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

COVID-19 is a viral infection that is caused by an RNA virus in a subfamily of Coronaviridae named severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS CoV 2). The family also includes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS CoV) which have previously been shown to cause respiratory symptoms and psychosis with immunoreactivity to IgG.

Case Report: Covid Arm (Covid Vaccine Arm), Joseph Pagano, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Henry Schuitema

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

We report the case of a 38-year-old male physician who was vaccinated with the Pfizer vaccine. He experienced arm pain and swelling on the vaccinated arm as well as systemic symptoms, including fever, chills, headache and weakness. The systemic symptoms improved after the use of oral prednisone. A review of the literature on the COVID vaccine is presented.

A Suspected Case Of Vaccine Induced Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia Following Sars Cov2 Vaccine, Maryam Soliman

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

With the new development of the SARS-CoV vaccine and the majority of the population receiving this vaccine, it is important to recognize some of the rare side effects associated with it.

VITT is a rare complication of the COVID vaccine

Diagnostic criteria: COVID vaccine 4-24 days prior to symptom onset, any venous or arterial thrombosis, thrombocytopenia < 150, positive PF4 HIT ELISA, markedly elevated D-dimer >4x ULN.

Vaccine Induced Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia is a potentially life-threatening diagnosis that must be recognized and treated correctly to prevent poor outcomes.

Internal Medicine Residents' Perceptions Of Virtual Morning Report: A Multicenter Survey, Tyler J Albert, Joel Bradley, Helene Starks, Jeff Redinger, Cherinne Arundel, Albertine Beard, Laura Caputo, Jonathan Chun, Craig G Gunderson, Dan Heppe, Anand Jagannath, Kyle Kent, Michael Krug, James Laudate, Vignesh Palaniappan, Amanda Pensiero, Zaven Sargsyan, Emily Sladek, Matthew Tuck, Paul B Cornia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted graduate medical education, compelling training programs to abruptly transition to virtual educational formats despite minimal experience or proficiency. We surveyed residents from a national sample of internal medicine (IM) residency programs to describe their experiences with the transition to virtual morning report (MR), a highly valued core educational conference.

OBJECTIVE: Assess resident views about virtual MR content and teaching strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

DESIGN: Anonymous, web-based survey.

PARTICIPANTS: Residents from 14 academically affiliated IM residency programs.

MAIN MEASURES: The 25-item survey on virtual MR included questions on demographics; frequency and reason for attending; opinions …

Building Capacity For Cancer Research In The Era Of Covid-19: Implementation And Results From An International Virtual Clinical Research Training Program In Zambia, Kevin Diao, Dorothy C Lombe, Catherine K Mwaba, Juliana Wu, Darya A Kizub, Carrie A Cameron, Elizabeth Y Chiao, Susan C Msadabwe, Lilie L Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing rapidly, yet cancer research in the region continues to lag. One contributing factor is limited exposure to clinical research among trainees. We describe implementation and results of a virtual clinical research training program for Zambian clinical oncology fellows developed jointly by the Cancer Diseases Hospital in Zambia and the MD Anderson Cancer Center to address this need.

Methods: The clinical research training program consisted of 14 weekly virtual lectures, development of research questions by Zambian clinical oncology fellows, assignment of faculty and peer mentors, longitudinal mentorship of research protocols, and …

The Covid-19 Pandemic: Early Ripple Effects In Pediatric Palliative Care, Linda Marisol Bustamante, Regina Okhuysen-Cawley, Julia Downing, Stephen R Connor, Mary Ann Muckaden, Marianne Phillips, Andrea Icaza, Nicole Garzon, Yuriko Nakashima, Kelsi Morgan, David Mauser, Michelle Grunauer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Palliative care, which aims to provide comprehensive, interdisciplinary, holistic care to children, adolescents and adults with life-threatening, and ultimately life-limiting conditions, is a discipline that has emerged as an integral component of healthcare systems throughout the world. Although the value of life-affirming palliative care (PC) has been shown across many domains, funding and acceptance of palliative care teams have been variable: some hospital systems have free-standing, dedicated interdisciplinary teams while, in many instances, palliative care services are provided "pro bono" by individuals with a special interest in the discipline, who provide PC in addition to other responsibilities. In this article, …

Perceived Roles, Benefits And Barriers Of Virtual Global Health Partnership Initiatives: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study, Lisa Umphrey, George Paasi, William Windsor, Grace Abongo, Jessica Evert, Heather Haq, Elizabeth M Keating, Suet Kam Lam, Megan S Mchenry, Carolyne Ndila, Charles Nwobu, Amy Rule, Reena P Tam, Daniel Olson, Peter Olupot-Olupot

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Virtual global health partnership initiatives (VGHPIs) evolved rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure partnership continuity. However the current landscape for VGHPI use and preference is unknown. This study aimed to increase understanding of GH partners' perspectives on VGHPIs.

METHODS: From 15 October to 30 November 2020, An online, international survey was conducted using snowball sampling to document pandemic-related changes in partnership activities, preferences for VGHPIs, and perceived acceptability and barriers. The survey underwent iterative development within a diverse author group, representing academic and clinical institutions, and the non-profit sector. Participants from their professional global health networks were invited, …

Physician's Attitudes On Pulmonary Rehabilitation Following Covid-19: A Brief Perspective From A Developing Country, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Emanuel Vanegas, Miguel Felix, María José Farfán Bajaña, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Genesis Camacho, Alanna Barrios-Ruiz, Jack Michel

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Despite the uncertainty about the follow up of COVID-19 survivors, there is a growing body of evidence supporting specific interventions including pulmonary rehabilitation, which may lead to a reduced hospital stay and improved overall respiratory function. The aim of this short report was to assess the attitudes toward pulmonary rehabilitation following COVID-19 among Ecuadorian physicians. A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which a 5-question survey was used to assess the level of agreement to specific statements with a 5-point Likert scale. Out of the 282 participants, 48.2% (n=136) were male, with a mean of 12.6 (SD=11.3) years of experience. More …

Variation In Student Perceptions Of Higher Education Course Quality And Difficulty As A Result Of Widespread Implementation Of Online Education During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Joseph Cavanaugh, Stephen J. Jacquemin, Christine Junker

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The onset of the COVID-19 global pandemic affected higher education in a myriad of ways. One of the most notable effects however was the rapid and sudden transition of nearly all courses at most institutions to an online environment. And while there are a growing number of courses offered online already, this transition to nearly 100% remote education presented numerous challenges for instructors and students of face-to-face and hybrid style courses. Since student perceptions are closely tied to recruitment and retention, it is important to know if there are differences in student perceptions present in the way different courses are …

Medical Factors Associated With Caregiver Intention To Vaccinate Their Children Against Covid-19, Thao-Ly Phan, Paul T Enlow, Michael King, Amanda M Lewis, Anne E Kazak, Jonathan M Miller

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Objective: To describe medical factors that are associated with caregiver intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of families receiving primary care in a mid-Atlantic pediatric healthcare system, linking caregiver-reported data from a survey completed March 19 to April 16, 2021 to comprehensive data from the child's EHR.

Results: 513 families were included (28% Black, 16% Hispanic, 44% public insurance, 21% rural, child age range 0-21 years). 44% of caregivers intended to vaccinate their children against COVID-19, while 41% were not sure and 15% would not. After adjusting for socio-demographics, the only medical factors …

Methods For Cross-Cultural Communication In Clinic Encounters, Princess U Ogbogu, Lenora Mendoza Noroski, Kimberly Arcoleo, Benjamin D Reese, Andrea J Apter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Successful cross-cultural communication is critical for adequate exchange of ideas with our patients. Our communities have become more diverse, and thus, the necessity has increased. The murder of George Floyd and other atrocities have sparked recognition of the need to address social injustice and racism and as we fight the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Allergist-immunologists are uniquely trained to explain the complex immunology of COVID-19 to patients, but they have less experience discussing issues of health equity. Here, we explore critical components of patient-provider communication: communicating with those for whom English is a second language, advising patients with …

Differences In Covid-19-Related Testing And Healthcare Utilization By Race And Ethnicity In The Veterans Health Administration, Javad Razjouyan, Drew A Helmer, Ang Li, Aanand D Naik, Christopher I Amos, Venkata Bandi, Amir Sharafkhaneh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Recent reports indicate differences in COVID-19-related care and outcomes between Black and White Americans.

OBJECTIVE: We examine the COVID-19-related healthcare utilization and mortality by race and ethnicity of patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: We used the VHA COVID-19 shared data resources between February 1 and June 30, 2020.

PARTICIPANTS: Veterans tested for SARS-CoV-2 virus by VHA.

EXPOSURE(S): Three racial-ethnicity groups of Black, Hispanic, and White (as reference) veterans.

MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S): Main outcomes are testing rate, positivity rate, hospitalization rate, ICU admission rate, and in-hospital mortality. Controlling …