Medical Sciences Commons^™

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Medial Forebrain Bundle: Effects On Anhedonia And Behavioral Activation In Treatment-Resistant Depression, Andrea Boscutti, Bashar Asir, Isabela Moura, Albert Fenoy, João Quevedo, Jair C Soares

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining The Presence And Effects Of Coherence And Fragmentation In The Gulf Of Maine Fishery Management Network, Derek Katznelson, Antonia Sohns, Dongkyu Kim, Evelyn Roozee, William R Donner, Andrew M Song, Jasper R De Vries, Owen Temby, Gordon M Hickey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Natural resource management networks cohere due to mutual dependencies and fragment, in part, due to the perceived risks of interaction. However, research on these networks has tended to accept coherence a priori rather than problematizing dependence, and few studies exist on interorganizational risk perception. This article presents the results of a study operationalizing these concepts and measuring the distribution of three types of dependence (capital, legitimacy, and regulatory) and two types of perceived risk (performance and sanction) among nearly fifty stakeholder groups and organizations participating in the management of fisheries in the binational Gulf of Maine. The analysis reveals an …

Nrg Oncology White Paper On The Relative Biological Effectiveness In Proton Therapy, Harald Paganetti, Charles B Simone, Walter R Bosch, Daphne Haas-Kogan, David G Kirsch, Heng Li, Xiaoying Liang, Wei Liu, Anita Mahajan, Michael D Story, Paige A Taylor, Henning Willers, Ying Xiao, Jeffrey C Buchsbaum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This position paper, led by the NRG Oncology Particle Therapy Work Group, focuses on the concept of relative biologic effect (RBE) in clinical proton therapy (PT), with the goal of providing recommendations for the next-generation clinical trials with PT on the best practice of investigating and using RBE, which could deviate from the current standard proton RBE value of 1.1 relative to photons. In part 1, current clinical utilization and practice are reviewed, giving the context and history of RBE. Evidence for variation in RBE is presented along with the concept of linear energy transfer (LET). The intertwined nature of …

18 Kda Translocator Protein (Tspo) Is Upregulated In Rat Brain After Peripheral Nerve Injury And Downregulated By Diroximel Fumarate, Rafael A Cazuza, Sever M Zagrai, Anamaria R Grieco, Thomas D Avery, Andrew D Abell, Hsiao-Ying Wey, Marco L Loggia, Peter M Grace

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neuroimmune signaling is a key process underlying neuropathic pain. Clinical studies have demonstrated that 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a putative marker of neuroinflammation, is upregulated in discrete brain regions of patients with chronic pain. However, no preclinical studies have investigated TSPO dynamics in the brain in the context of neuropathic pain and in response to analgesic treatments. We used positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and [18F]-PBR06 radioligand to measure TSPO levels in the brain across time after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in both male and female rats. Up to 10 weeks post-CCI, TSPO expression was …

High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified, With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Gene Expression Signatures: Genomic Analysis And Potential Therapeutics, Waseem Lone, Alyssa Bouska, Tyler A Herek, Catalina Amador, Joo Song, Alexander M Xu, Dylan Jochum, Issa Ismail Issa, Dennis D Weisenburger, Xuan Zhang, Sharath Kumar Bhagavathi, Tayla B Heavican-Foral, Sunandini Sharma, Ab Rauf Shah, Abdul Rouf Mir, Aisha Ahmad Alkhinji, Dalia El-Gamal, Bhavana J Dave, Keenan Hartert, Jiayu Yu, Mallick Saumyaranjan, Timothy C Greiner, Julie Vose, Timothy W Mckeithan, Kai Fu, Michael Green, Chengfeng Bi, Akil Merchant, Wing C Chan, Javeed Iqbal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

High-grade B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (HGBCL, NOS) has overlapping morphological and genetic features with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphoma (BL), leading to uncertainty in its diagnosis and clinical management. Using functional genomic approaches, we previously characterized HGBCL and NOS, that demonstrate gene expression profiling (GEP), and genetic signatures similar to BL. Herein, we characterize distinct HGBCL, NOS, cohort (n = 55) in adults (n = 45) and in children (n = 10), and compared the GEP, genomic DNA copy number (CN), and mutational spectrum with de novo DLBCL (n = 85) and BL (n = 52). …

Plasma Dna Methylation-Based Biomarkers For Mpnst Detection In Patients With Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Katarzyna Tomczak, Manishkumar S Patel, Angela D Bhalla, Christine B Peterson, Sharon M Landers, S Carson Callahan, Di Zhang, Justin Wong, Jace P Landry, Alexander J Lazar, J Andrew Livingston, B Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Heather G Lyu, Heather Lillemoe, Christina L Roland, Emily Z Keung, Christopher P Scally, Kelly K Hunt, Ian E Mccutcheon, John M Slopis, Jian Gu, Paul Scheet, Liang Wang, Kunal Rai, Keila E Torres

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) development is characterized by an altered DNA methylation landscape, which presents a promising area for developing MPNST-specific biomarkers for screening patients with NF1. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of a cohort of 13 patients with MPNST (29 samples of tumor and adjacent neurofibroma tissues) and of NF1-MPNST cell lines was performed to identify and validate candidate MPNST-specific CpG sites (CpGs). A logistic regression prediction model was constructed to select MPNST-specific CpGs distinct from adjacent neurofibromas and normal tissues. To test if hypermethylation at selected CpGs can also be detected in plasma from patients with MPNST, …

Approach To Determining Etiology Of Hypophosphatemia In A Patient With Coexisting Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor And Fibrous Dysplasia, Madhuri D Patil, Sintawat Wangsiricharoen, Alexander J Lazar, Bryan Moon, John E Madewell, Michael T Collins, Theresa A Guise

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dysregulated FGF23 production is a demonstrated cause of hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. Diseases associated with these conditions include phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) causing tumor induced osteomalacia, various forms of rickets, and fibrous dysplasia (FD). Coexistence of 2 conditions that can increase FGF23 concentrations is rare. We report a case of a 79-yr-old man who presented with rib and right flank pain. Imaging revealed bone lesions in the right iliac wing, left supra-acetabular area, and L4 vertebral body. Biopsies showed a right iliac PMT and left supra-acetabular FD. Cryoablation of both lesions resolved the phosphaturia with normalization of phosphorus level. Coexistence of …

Role Of Posterior Carbon Fiber Implants In Spine Tumor Surgery, Christopher A Alvarez-Breckenridge, Robert North, Claudio Tatsui, Naresh Kumar, Sheng-Fu Lo, Karim Mohammed, Jeremy Reynolds, Aron Lazary, Ilya Laufer, Jorrit Jan Verlaan, Ziya Gokaslan, Alessandro Luzzati, Riccardo Cecchinato, John Shin, Francis Hornicek, Alexander Disch, Matthew Goodwin, Rory Goodwin, Arjun Sahgal, Alessandro Gasbarrini, Stefano Boriani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Study design: Narrative Review.

Objective: The management of spinal tumors requires a multi-disciplinary approach including surgery, radiation, and systemic therapy. Surgical approaches typically require posterior segmental instrumentation to maintain long-term spinal stability. Carbon fiber reinforced pedicle screws (CFRP) are increasingly used in the oncologic setting due to reductions in both imaging artifacts and radiotherapy perturbations compared to titanium implants. We performed a review of the literature and highlight advantages and future areas of study for CFRP.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and identified 10 articles …

Ft538, Ipsc-Derived Nk Cells, Enhance Aml Cell Killing When Combined With Chemotherapy, Amanda Eckstrom, Anudishi Tyagi, Sajid Mahmood, Lilly Wong, Bahram Valamehr, Adishwar Rao, Akriti Agrawal, Maryam Siddiqui, V Lokesh Battula

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived natural killer (NK) cells offer an opportunity for a standardized, off-the-shelf treatment with the potential to treat a wider population of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients than the current standard of care. FT538 iPSC-NKs express a high-affinity, noncleavable CD16 to maximize antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, a CD38 knockout to improve metabolic fitness, and an IL-15/IL-15 receptor fusion preventing the need for cytokine administration, the main source of adverse effects in NK cell-based therapies. Here, we sought to evaluate the potential of FT538 iPSC-NKs as a therapy for AML through their effect on AML cell lines …

Selective Inhibition Of Canonical Stat3 Signaling Suppresses K-Ras Mutant Lung Tumorigenesis And Reinvigorates Anti-Tumor Immunity, Michael J Clowers, Zahraa Rahal, Sung-Nam Cho, Avantika Krishna, Bo Yuan, Leticia G Hamana Zorrilla, T Kris Eckols, Moses M Kasembeli, Samuel Liu, Stephen Peng, Marco Ramos-Castaneda, Annamarie L Thompson, Carlos Ignacio Rodriguez Reyna, Katherine E Larsen, Maria T Grimaldo, Shanshan Deng, Nastaran Karimi, Cody Chou, Walter V Velasco, Melody Zarghooni, Sayan Alekseev, Luisa M Solis Soto, Edwin J Ostrin, Humam Kadara, Suhendan Ekmekcioglu, David J Tweardy, Seyed Javad Moghaddam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: K-ras mutant lung adenocarcinoma (KM-LUAD) is a difficult-to-treat cancer subtype in which chronic inflammation pervades the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Pro-inflammatory pathways dampen the response to treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, necessitating therapies that target this inflammatory signaling network in the TIME. One of the lynchpins of chronic inflammation in KM-LUAD is signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3).

Methods: Here, we tested the anti-tumor and early immunotherapeutic efficacy of TTI-101, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of canonical STAT3 signaling, in a K-rasG12D mutant lung cancer mouse model (CC-LR).

Results: Treatment of CC-LR mice with TTI-101 resulted in reduced …

Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas Treated With Immune Checkpoint Blockade: The Md Anderson Experience, Madeline B Torres, Cheuk Hong Leung, Marianne Zoghbi, Rossana Lazcano, Davis Ingram, Khalida Wani, Emily Z Keung, M Alejandra Zarzour, Christopher P Scally, Kelly K Hunt, Anthony Conley, Andrew J Bishop, B Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Ahsan Farooqi, Devarati Mitra, Alison K Yoder, Michael S Nakazawa, Dejka Araujo, Andrew Livingston, Ravin Ratan, Shreyaskumar Patel, Vinod Ravi, Alexander J Lazar, Christina L Roland, Neeta Somaiah, Elise F Nassif Haddad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is one of the most common types of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) characterized by liposarcomatous differentiation and a predilection for the retroperitoneum. Despite the growing number of histology-specific immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) trials in STS, it is still difficult to identify the radiographic objective response rate (ORR) for DDLPS in the real world setting. This study aimed to evaluate the ORR and survival of patients with DDLPS treated with ICB at a single center.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 31 patients with pathologically confirmed DDLPS treated with ICB at MD Anderson Cancer Center between …

Detrimental Effects Of Space Flight On The Lumbar Spine May Be Correlated To Baseline Degeneration: Insights From An Advanced Mr Imaging Study, Rakan Bokhari, Daniel G Bisson, Maryse Fortin, Marie Vigouroux, Juan Pablo Cata, Ken-Pin Hwang, Melissa M Chen, Guillermo Ceniza-Bordallo, Jean A Ouellet, Pablo M Ingelmo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Pain in lower back is a common condition reported by astronauts, both during and after space missions. Investigating the alterations in the spine and the mechanisms driving these changes is essential for a deeper understanding of how microgravity impacts the human spine. This knowledge could also open pathways for therapeutic or preventive interventions. Nevertheless, there is a limited evidence regarding changes in intervertebral discs (IVDs) due to space travel.

Materials and methods: In this study, 2 astronauts were enrolled in a space travel. Before the space flight, a lower back magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed. We repeated …

Optimal Timing Of Organs-At-Risk-Sparing Adaptive Radiation Therapy For Head-And-Neck Cancer Under Re-Planning Resource Constraints, Fatemeh Nosrat, Cem Dede, Lucas B Mccullum, Raul Garcia, Abdallah S R Mohamed, Jacob G Scott, James E Bates, Brigid A Mcdonald, Kareem A Wahid, Mohamed A Naser, Renjie He, Aysenur Karagoz, Amy C Moreno, Lisanne V Van Dijk, Kristy K Brock, Jolien Heukelom, Seyedmohammadhossein Hosseinian, Mehdi Hemmati, Andrew J Schaefer, Clifton D Fuller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and purpose: Prior work on adaptive organ-at-risk (OAR)-sparing radiation therapy has typically reported outcomes based on fixed-number or fixed-interval re-planning, which represent one-size-fits-all approaches and do not account for the variable progression of individual patients' toxicities. The purpose of this study was to determine the personalized optimal timing of re-planning in adaptive OAR-sparing radiation therapy, considering limited re-planning resources, for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Materials and methods: A novel Markov decision process (MDP) model was developed to determine optimal timing of re-planning based on the patient's expected toxicity, characterized by normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), for …

Hsa-Mir-214-3p Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth And Improves The Tumor Immune Microenvironment By Downregulating B7h3, Yan Lu, Kang Wang, Yuanhong Peng, Meng Chen, Lin Zhong, Luji Huang, F U Cheng, Xindan Sheng, Xin Yang, Manzhao Ouyang, George A Calin, Zhiwei He

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.

METHODS: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. MicroRNAs were selected using the TarBase, miRTarBase, and miRBase databases. …

Immune Pathway Modulation In Melanoma Using Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Dsrna Delivery, Bethel C. Iwuji

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division, which typically results in the formation of tumours. Even with advances in treatments, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally. Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer which is highly malignant, develops in the pigment-producing cells of the skin, melanocytes, and in the late stages of the disease poses a significant challenge for therapeutic intervention due to its multidrug resistance. The innate immune system is the first line of defence against invading pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and can recognize and destroy …

Magnetization Transfer Ratio In The Typically Developing Pediatric Spinal Cord: Normative Data And Age Correlation, Sara Naghizadeh Kashani, Iswarya Vel, Zahra Sadeghi Adl, Shiva Shahrampour, Devon Middleton, Mahdi Alizadeh, Laura Krisa, Scott Faro, Slimane Tounekti, Julien Cohen-Adad, Feroze Mohamed

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study presents automated atlas-based magnetization transfer (MT) measurements of the typically developing pediatric cervical spinal cord (SC). We report normative MT ratio (MTR) values from the whole cervical cord white matter (WM) and WM tracts, examining variations with age, sex, height, and weight.

METHODS: MT scans of 33 healthy females (mean age = 12.8) and 22 males (mean age = 13.09) were acquired from the cervical SC (C2-C7) using a 3.0 T MRI. Data were processed using the SC Toolbox, segmented, and registered to the PAM50 template. Affine and non-rigid transformations co-registered the PAM50 WM atlas …

“Globes" Module (Guiding Learners Towards One Health, Biodiversity, And Environmental Stewardship): Catalyzing Synergies To Advance Leadership And Scholarly Engagement With One Health In Under Graduate Medical Education, Krishna Mohan Surapaneni

Health Professions Education

Background: The concept of One Health addresses the interconnected health of humans, animals, and the environment, offering a critical framework for tackling complex health challenges. However, gaps in the integration of One Health principles into medical education limit the ability of future healthcare providers to operationalize this knowledge in practice. The "GLOBES" module (Guiding Learners towards One health, Biodiversity, and Environmental Stewardship) was designed to bridge these gaps, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3, 13, 14, 15) to promote holistic and interdisciplinary healthcare education. Methods: The "GLOBES" module was developed with 22 competencies across ten categories, incorporating case-based learning, …

A Quality Improvement Initiative To Decrease Sugammadex Expenditures, Jordan Austin Gardo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Abstract

A Quality Improvement Initiative to Decrease Sugammadex Expenditures

Jordan Gardo

Introduction/Background: The manufacturer’s suggestion in the dosing of the Sugammadex is

generally dosed at 2-4 mg/kg of total body weight (TBW) depending on the extent of

neuromuscular blockade. Evidence suggests that in the morbidly obese population, this

can lead to excessive dosing due to the drug's hydrophilic properties, making it less cost-

effective. Dosing based on adjusted body weight (ABW) leads to dose reductions while

achieving full reversal of neuromuscular blockade as measured by quantitative train-of-

four monitoring, resulting in lower costs from decreased vial usage.

Purpose: The purpose …

A Comparison Of Two Motivational Tasks In Male And Female Rats Under Acute Stress, Stephanie M. Muscott

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Motivation is a complex concept that contributes to or is embedded within many different behaviors. As such, it can be difficult to assess motivation directly, but many researchers have attempted to measure motivation to understand its role in behavior and in diseases associated with a dysregulation of motivation, such as drug addiction or depression. To better understand motivation, behavioral tests frequently use palatable foods to measure motivation as defined by the amount of effort a rat will demonstrate to achieve the reward. Much of research has focused on highly controlled experimental settings, such as lever pressing in an operant box …

Determining Essential Regulatory Factors In Extravillous-Trophoblast Differentiation And Splice Variants Associated With The Development Of Preeclampsia, Brandt Hugh Beck

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Preeclampsia is a common condition affecting mothers across the world. Rates for preeclampsia have been rising in the past years due to factors such as obesity and diabetes. Since this condition has been more prevalent, a better understanding of the factors surrounding the preeclamptic state are needed. Core cell types and biological functions of placenta development are known but the cause behind the preeclamptic environment is not well understood. This research aims to investigate the potential causes behind preeclampsia by first reviewing Extravillous-Trophoblast differentiation factors in the context of differential gene expression and alternative splicing then evaluate towards preeclamptic tissue. …

Multimodal Approach In Distinguishing And Managing Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report, Sajeev Sridhar, Roman Sukhovershin, John A Hancock

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal vascular connections bypassing the capillary system, categorized as acquired or congenital. Acquired uterine AVMs, often resulting from uterine trauma due to procedures like dilatation and curettage, can be life threatening, necessitating prompt diagnosis and management. Here we present a 34-year-old woman with a history of missed abortion and dilatation and curettage presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding 2 months postprocedure. Although initial transvaginal ultrasound suggested retained products of conception, several modalities were required to accurately diagnose uterine AVM with invasive angiography revealing the culprit vessel. Multimodal imaging approaches are crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. This …

Type 2 Diabetes Polygenic Risk Score Interactions With Lifestyle Risk Factors In Black Americans, Ashley W Scadden, Aastha Kakar, Elizabeth M Litkowski, Mariah C Meyer, Nicole D Armstrong, Steven Buyske, Yanwei Cai, Iona Cheng, Burcu F Darst, Myriam Fornage, Mariaelisa Graff, Boya Guo, Christopher A Haiman, Heather M Highland, Charles Kooperberg, Loïc Le Marchand, Kari North, Ulrike Peters, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Hemant K Tiwari, Stephanie Waldrop, Kristin Young, Sridharan Raghavan, Ethan M Lange, Leslie A Lange, Marguerite R Irvin, Maggie A Stanislawski

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Introduction: Prior work in predominantly European ancestry populations has explained how the risk associated with demographic, lifestyle, and health factors differs with underlying genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but less is known about these relationships in Black Americans.

Methods: We used covariate-adjusted logistic regression models of T2D to examine interactions between a published trans-ancestry derived T2D polygenic risk score (PRS) and various demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors among 28,251 self-identified Black Americans from six cohort studies.

Results: The results are generally consistent with prior work in White populations. The PRS showed a significant interaction with body mass index, …

Enhanced Anticancer Activity Of Novel Pyrimidine Nucleoside Analog In Pancreatic Cancer, Raviteja Bulusu, Joy Okoro, Esther Frimpong, Sunil Krishnan, Saunjoo Yoon, Bo Han, Xue Zhu, Edward Agyare

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic efficacy of AGY1, AGY2, AGY3, AGY4, and AGY5, which are novel 5-FU analogs designed to improve metabolic stability, prolong half-life, and anti-tumor activity against pancreatic cancer. The 5-FU molecule was chemically modified to bypass dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)-mediated inactivation, enhancing drug retention and increasing lipophilicity for improved cellular uptake. The analog cytotoxic activity was evaluated in 2D monolayer cultures and 3D pancreatic cancer spheroids and organoid models derived from MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells to simulate a more complex tumor environment. In the 2D model, AGY1, AGY2, AGY3, AGY4, and AGY5 displayed significantly higher …

Rezafungin For Suppressive Therapy Of Candida Auris In A Patient With A Left Ventricular Assist Device (Lvad), Matthew A Stack, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Rodrigo Hasbun, Sun O Park, Jessica Babic, Mona Kapadia

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Introduction: Invasive candidiasis is a common healthcare-associated infection with significant morbidity and mortality. Candida auris in particular has emerged as a problematic and challenging healthcare-associated infection, especially with regards to infections involving left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). There is a paucity of evidence on the best management of these particular types of infections. Rezafungin is a newly-approved echinocandin and an important new tool in the management of invasive candidiasis. We report the novel use of rezafungin for suppressive therapy in a patient with an LVAD-associated C. auris infection.

Case: The patient is a 57-year-old male with a past medical history …

Mechanisms And Environmental Factors Shaping The Ecosystem Of Brain Macrophages, Silvia Penati, Simone Brioschi, Zhangying Cai, Claudia Z Han, Marco Colonna

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Brain macrophages encompass two major populations: microglia in the parenchyma and border-associated macrophages (BAMs) in the extra-parenchymal compartments. These cells play crucial roles in maintaining brain homeostasis and immune surveillance. Microglia and BAMs are phenotypically and epigenetically distinct and exhibit highly specialized functions tailored to their environmental niches. Intriguingly, recent studies have shown that both microglia and BAMs originate from the same myeloid progenitor during yolk sac hematopoiesis, but their developmental fates diverge within the brain. Several works have partially unveiled the mechanisms orchestrating the development of microglia and BAMs in both mice and humans; however, many questions remain unanswered. …

A Systematic Review And Evaluation Of Mobile Health Apps Designed For Parents Who Are Preparing Or Caring For Medically Complex Infants, Anne Chevalier Mckechnie, Nellie Munn Swanson, Ratchada Jantraporn, Kristin M Elgersma, Taylor Iwaszko Wagner, Suhyun Park, Anna Trebilcock

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Background: Parents learning about their children with medical complexity often use numerous health-related resources, including mobile health applications (mHealth apps). mHealth apps could provide broad access to key information and support, lower healthcare costs, and improve care. The quality of mHealth apps for this population has been a concern, but is currently unknown. The objective of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the quality of publicly available mHealth apps designed for parents who are preparing or caring for medically complex infants.

Methods: A systematic search strategy was applied to identify mHealth apps in the Apple and Google Play …

Limitations Of The Radiotheranostic Concept In Neuroendocrine Tumors Due To Lineage-Dependent Somatostatin Receptor Expression On Hematopoietic Stem And Progenitor Cells, Nghia Nguyen, Yu Min, Jennifer Rivière, Mark Van Der Garde, Sukhen Ghosh, Laura M Bartos, Matthias Brendel, Florian Bassermann, Ali Azhdarinia, Wolfgang A Weber, Katharina S Götze, Susanne Kossatz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rationale: Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) has become an effective treatment option for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and castration-resistant prostate cancer and is in clinical development for many indications. One of the major advantages of theranostic RPT is that the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in the human body can be imaged, and radiation doses to the patient's organs can be calculated. However, accurate dosimetry may be fundamentally limited by microscopic heterogeneity of radiopharmaceutical distribution.

Methods: We developed fluorescent analogs of somatostatin-receptor-subtype 2 (SSTR2) targeting Lutetium-177 labeled radiopharmaceuticals that are clinically used in patients with NETs and studied their uptake by hematopoietic stem and progenitor …

Analisis Situasi Masalah Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual Di Kota Bogor Tahun 2024, Wardiman Wardiman, Ratna Djuwita, Bai Kusnadi

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Abstrak

Infeksi menular seksual (IMS) masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia, terutama pada kelompok usia produktif 15-49 tahun. Di Kota Bogor, angka kasus IMS mengalami peningkatan, namum belum sepenuhnya menggambarkan kondisi yang sebenarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis situasi IMS secara mendalam dan menetapkan prioritas masalah kesehatan menggunakan metode PAHO-adapted Hanlon, yang mengacu pada pembobotan Basic Priority Rating (BPR) berdasarkan lima kriteria utama, yaitu, A=Masalah utama; B=Keseriusan masalah; C=Efektivitas intervensi; E=Ketidakadilan; F=Kapasitas institusi dalam mengatasi masalah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Dinas kesehatan Kota Bogor pada Oktober 2024 hingga Januari 2025, dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif, serta disajikan secara …

Determinan Faktor Dengan Ketidakpatuhan Dalam Mengonsumsi Obat Antiretroviral Pada Orang Dengan Hiv(Odhiv) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2023, Dessi Marantika Nilam Sari, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Syahrizal Syarif, Helwiah Umniyati, Suyono .

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Ketidakpatuhan alasan utama Pasien HIV tidak menerima pengobatan ARV sehingga harus selalu dipantau dan dinilai secara teratur serta didorong pada setiap kunjungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati determinan faktor terjadinya ketidakpatuhan dalam mengonsumsi obat ARV pada ODHIV yang mendapatkan terapi ARV di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di poli HIV RSUD Kabupaten pada bulan November 2023 menggunakan data laporan HIV pada SIHA. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 1.337 ODHIV aktif menjalani pengobatan antiretroviral di RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang dengan menggunakan total sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi sehingga sampel …

From Misinformation To Policy Solutions: Teaching Herd Immunity And Vaccine Hesitancy Through Real-World Case Studies Of Measles Outbreaks, Laurieann Klockow

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Vaccine hesitancy threatens herd immunity, contributing to the resurgence of measles outbreaks. This lesson engages upper-level biomedical science students in analyzing the complex interplay between vaccination rates, herd immunity and vaccine exemption policies through examination of the 2019 New York measles outbreak that threatened the United States’ measles elimination status. Students critically evaluate anti-vaccine misinformation, analyze epidemiological data and develop evidence-based policy recommendations to increase vaccination rates. The lesson combines team-based learning with authentic assessment through vaccine policy development, moving beyond knowledge acquisition and content to building scientific literacy and evidence-based reasoning skills essential for scientifically literate citizens and future …