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Articles 1411 - 1440 of 1778
Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
Comparing Performance Of Mcgrath Mac Videolaryngoscope In Morbidly Obese Andnonobese Patients, Ying Gao, Liu-Jia-Zi Shao, Fushan Xue
Comparing Performance Of Mcgrath Mac Videolaryngoscope In Morbidly Obese Andnonobese Patients, Ying Gao, Liu-Jia-Zi Shao, Fushan Xue
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
No abstract provided.
In Reply: Comparing Performance Of Mcgrath Mac Videolaryngoscope In Morbidlyobese And Nonobese, Zehra İpek Arslan Aydin
In Reply: Comparing Performance Of Mcgrath Mac Videolaryngoscope In Morbidlyobese And Nonobese, Zehra İpek Arslan Aydin
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
No abstract provided.
Comment On `Treatment Of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis And Factors Related Withdisease Recurrence?, Emre Tekgöz, Seda Çolak, Muhammet Çinar, Sedat Yilmaz
Comment On `Treatment Of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis And Factors Related Withdisease Recurrence?, Emre Tekgöz, Seda Çolak, Muhammet Çinar, Sedat Yilmaz
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Early Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Global And Turkish Economy, Ömer Açikgöz, Asli Günay
The Early Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Global And Turkish Economy, Ömer Açikgöz, Asli Günay
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: Individuals infected by the Covid-19 potentially are at risk of health and economic well-being. Today, the Covid-19 is a global issue, and the world economy can be interpreted as almost at the standstill. In this context, this study aims to discuss the potential first reactions of short and long term global economic impacts of the pandemic through sectors by assessing its costs according to the data announced for both the world and Turkey. In addition, this study tries to put forth possible economic and political scenarios for the post-pandemic world. Materials and methods: This is a review article that …
Sars-Cov-2 Epidemiology And Control, Different Scenarios For Turkey, Eskild Petersen, Ayşe Deni̇z Gökengi̇n
Sars-Cov-2 Epidemiology And Control, Different Scenarios For Turkey, Eskild Petersen, Ayşe Deni̇z Gökengi̇n
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a pandemic spreading in most countries including Turkey. Materials and methods: The current knowledge of COVID-19 and the virus causing it, SARS-CoV-2, was reviewed. The epidemiology and control in different countries was compared and the differences discussed. Results: The population attack rates and case fatality rates vary from country to country with Lombardy in northern Italy reporting an attack rate in the general population of 0.37% compared to 0.004% in Hong Kong. The differences are caused by different testing strategies and reporting systems. Conclusion: Turkey is early in the outbreak. Different control …
Mobilizing The Research Ecosystem For Scientific Advances Towards Positive Impact In Thecontext Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hasan Mandal
Mobilizing The Research Ecosystem For Scientific Advances Towards Positive Impact In Thecontext Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hasan Mandal
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
This special issue of the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences is dedicated to providing scientific advances in the process of better understanding the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 infection. The special issue is published in a special time in which science-based approaches, cocreation-based collaboration, and the effective utilization and integration of competences have a crucial role during the race against time while combating the COVID-19 pandemic. In this process, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), which publishes academic journals including the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, has taken rapid action to mobilize the research community. This …
Understanding Dynamics Of Pandemics, Levent Akin, Mustafa Gökhan Gözel
Understanding Dynamics Of Pandemics, Levent Akin, Mustafa Gökhan Gözel
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Along the centuries, novel strain of virus such as influenza produces pandemics which increase illness, death and disruption in the countries. Spanish flu in 1918, Asian flu in 1957, Hong Kong flu in 1968 and swine flu in 2009 were known pandemic which had various characteristics in terms of morbidity and mortality. A current pandemic is caused by novel corona virus originated from China. COVID-19 pandemic is very similar to Spanish, Hong Kong, Asian and swine influenza pandemics in terms of spreading to world by the mobilized people. Burden of pandemic is considered in terms of disease transmissibility and the …
Global Surveillance, Travel, And Trade During A Pandemic, Ceren Çeti̇n, Ateş Kara
Global Surveillance, Travel, And Trade During A Pandemic, Ceren Çeti̇n, Ateş Kara
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Pandemics have had very important consequences in human history. Lots of people lost their lives and countries have been intensively affected in terms of socioeconomic problems. Unfortunately, avoidance of pandemics and limiting the spread are still currently not always possible. Maybe the most important factor for this is the increasing frequency of traveling. Increasing airline traveling rate also increases the rate of spread. Global organizations like the World Health Organization and United Nations are trying to play a supreme role over the countries. Pandemics do not have borders; therefore, efforts should be given globally, definition of pandemic should be established …
Emerging And Reemerging Respiratory Viral Infections Up To Covid-19, İlhami̇ Çeli̇k, Esma Saatçi̇, Ayşegül Füsun Eyüboğlu
Emerging And Reemerging Respiratory Viral Infections Up To Covid-19, İlhami̇ Çeli̇k, Esma Saatçi̇, Ayşegül Füsun Eyüboğlu
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Infectious diseases remain as the significant causes of human and animal morbidity and mortality, leading to extensive outbreaks and epidemics. Acute respiratory viral diseases claim over 4 million deaths and cause millions of hospitalizations in developing countries every year. Emerging viruses, especially the RNA viruses, are more pathogenic since most people have no herd immunity. The RNA viruses can adapt to the rapidly changing global and local environment due to the high error rate of their polymerases that replicate their genomes. Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is determined as an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 …
Epidemiology Of Covid-19, Cemal Bulut, Yasuyuki̇ Kato
Epidemiology Of Covid-19, Cemal Bulut, Yasuyuki̇ Kato
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
It seems that coronaviruses take an important place in the 21th century history. Five of seven human coronavirus was isolated in this century. Unfortunately, last three of them entered our life with a fear of outbreak, pandemic or death. Last human coronavirus which emerged world from Wuhan China, SARS CoV-2 and its clinical expression, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently taken a significant place in our daily practice. Initial reports showed that, its origin was bats. It transmitted human to human by droplet and contact routes, but some doubt about airborne, fecal or intrauterine transmission also should be removed. Its R0 value …
Crushing The Curve, The Role Of National And International Institutions And Policy Makersin Covid-19 Pandemic, Zeli̇ha Koçak Tufan, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan
Crushing The Curve, The Role Of National And International Institutions And Policy Makersin Covid-19 Pandemic, Zeli̇ha Koçak Tufan, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Nobody can be fully prepared to a pandemic. Of course there are signs of it, the scientists can predict, alarming speeches can be made. But there are always alarmist people around, maybe that is why sometimes even the most serious warnings may be not considered by the authorities on time. The first patients may be lost without a proper diagnosis. When everybody realizes that there may be a big problem in the horizon, sometimes it is too late. That is why it is very important to monitor contagious diseases and follow the warnings and releases of national and international disease …
Coronaviruses And Sars-Cov-2, Mustafa Hasöksüz, Selçuk Kiliç, Fahri̇ye Saraç
Coronaviruses And Sars-Cov-2, Mustafa Hasöksüz, Selçuk Kiliç, Fahri̇ye Saraç
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause a broad spectrum of diseases in domestic and wild animals, poultry, and rodents, ranging from mild to severe enteric, respiratory, and systemic disease, and also cause the common cold or pneumonia in humans. Seven coronavirus species are known to cause human infection, 4 of which, HCoV 229E, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1 and HCoV OC43, typically cause cold symptoms in immunocompetent individuals. The others namely SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus), MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) were zoonotic in origin and cause severe respiratory illness and fatalities. On 31 December 2019, the existence of patients with pneumonia …
Global Threat Of Covid 19 And Evacuation Of The Citizens Of Different Countries, İrfan Şencan, Semanur Kuzi̇
Global Threat Of Covid 19 And Evacuation Of The Citizens Of Different Countries, İrfan Şencan, Semanur Kuzi̇
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Beginning from China on December 2019, COVID-19 epidemic has spreaded all over the world in a short period of time and has been a pandemic. In challenge with this pandemic quarantine technique has been used widely after tens of years. In the course of the pandemic, many countries evacuated their citizens from affected regions and combined the evacuation with quarantine process. Some examples of these countries who evacuated their citizens are Germany, Italy, Spain, and USA. In further times, during the course of pandemic, according to spread, other countries evacuated their citizens from these countries too. Despite being the origin …
Protective Measures For Covid-19 For Healthcare Providers And Laboratory Personnel, Canan Ağalar, Derya Öztürk Engi̇n
Protective Measures For Covid-19 For Healthcare Providers And Laboratory Personnel, Canan Ağalar, Derya Öztürk Engi̇n
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
In the COVID-19 pandemic, which affects the whole world, healthcare professionals (HCP) are at high risk of transmission due to their direct contact with patients with COVID-19. Therefore, how to ensure the triage of the patient with acute respiratory symptoms should be determined in advance, the contact distance should be arranged to be at least 2 m, COVID-19 suspect or diagnosed patient should be instructed to wear a surgical mask. During the care of these patients, HCP should wear their personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the procedure and should not neglect hand hygiene. The samples of the patient …
Critically Ill Covid-19 Patient, Burçi̇n Halaçli, Akin Kaya, Arzu Topeli̇ İski̇t
Critically Ill Covid-19 Patient, Burçi̇n Halaçli, Akin Kaya, Arzu Topeli̇ İski̇t
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stands out as the major pandemic that we have experienced in the last century. As it affects every social structure, it brought the importance of intensive care support once again to the agenda of healthcare system after causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. The precautions to be taken against this virus, where our knowledge is extremely small, intensive care units take an indispensable place in pandemic planning. In this review, we aimed to emphasize the crucial points regarding intensive care management of COVID-19 patients, which we have written not only for intensivists but also for all healthcare …
Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) In Children, Hasan Tezer, Tuğba Bedi̇r Demi̇rdağ
Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) In Children, Hasan Tezer, Tuğba Bedi̇r Demi̇rdağ
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly reported at the end of 2019. The disease rapidly spread all around the world in a few months and was declared a worldwide pandemic by WHO in March 2020. By April 9, there were 1,436,198 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world, nearly with 6% mortality rate. This novel infectious disease causes respiratory tract illness that may generally occur as mild upper respiratory tract disease or pneumonia. In older patients and/or patients with underlying conditions, it may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi organ failure and even death. According to the current literature, children account …
Radiological Approaches To Covid-19 Pneumonia, Müşerref Şule Akçay, Tevfi̇k Özlü, Aydin Yilmaz
Radiological Approaches To Covid-19 Pneumonia, Müşerref Şule Akçay, Tevfi̇k Özlü, Aydin Yilmaz
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
COVID-19 pneumonia has high mortality rates. The symptoms are undiagnostic, the results of viral nucleic acid detection method (PCR) can delay, so that chest computerized tomography is often key diagnostic test in patients with possible COVID-19 pneumonia. In this review, we discussed the main radiological findings of this infection.
Antiviral Treatment Of Covid-19, Serap Yavuz, Serhat Ünal
Antiviral Treatment Of Covid-19, Serap Yavuz, Serhat Ünal
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Currently, there is not any specific effective antiviral treatment for COVID-19. Although most of the COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate courses, up to 5%-10% can have severe, potentially life threatening course, there is an urgent need for effective drugs. Optimized supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy. There have been more than 300 clinical trials going on, various antiviral and immunomodulating agents are in various stages of evaluation for COVID-19 in those trials and some of them will be published in the next couple of months. Despite the urgent need to find an effective antiviral treatment for COVID-19 through …
Covid-19, Immune System Response, Hyperinflammation And Repurposingantirheumatic Drugs, Abdurrahman Tufan, Aslihan Avanoğlu Güler, Marco Matucci-Cerinic
Covid-19, Immune System Response, Hyperinflammation And Repurposingantirheumatic Drugs, Abdurrahman Tufan, Aslihan Avanoğlu Güler, Marco Matucci-Cerinic
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
In the Wuhan Province of China, in December 2019, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a severe involvement of the lower respiratory tract leading to an acute respiratory syndrome. Subsequently, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provoked a pandemic which is considered a life-threatening disease. The SARS-CoV-2, a family member of betacoronaviruses, possesses singlestranded positive-sense RNA with typical structural proteins, involving the envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid and spike proteins that are responsible for the viral infectivity, and nonstructural proteins. The effectual host immune response including innate and adaptive immunity against SARS-Cov-2 seems crucial to control and resolve the viral infection. However, the severity …
Medical Mask Or N95 Respirator: When And How To Use?, Alpay Azap, Fatma Şebnem Erdi̇nç
Medical Mask Or N95 Respirator: When And How To Use?, Alpay Azap, Fatma Şebnem Erdi̇nç
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
COVID-19 pandemic is now a global threat to human health reaching up to 2 million infected people all around the world. Since its first recognition in Wuhan, many topics were discussed intensively about COVID-19, both in the public and scientific community. Personal protective equipment, especially masks, has been among the hottest topics during this pandemic. Regardless of which mask is used, performing hand hygiene frequently with an alcohol-based hand rub or with soap and water if hands are dirty is the most effective preventive measure for COVID-19. The type of mask used when caring for COVID-19 patients will vary according …
Behçet Syndrome As A Construct, Hasan Yazici
Behçet Syndrome As A Construct, Hasan Yazici
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
We still do not know the cause(s) of Behçet syndrome. Most probably several, separate disease mechanisms are involved. I, like some others, propose we call it not a disease but a syndrome, a construct with a list of strong and weak elements. I like to think that this frank admission of our ignorance of its cause(s) will be an important semantic stimulus for more meaningful research.
Decreasing Incidence And Severity Of Behçet's Disease: A Changing Trend Inepidemiological Spectrum Possibly Associated With Oral Health, Gonca Mumcu, Fatma Ali̇baz Öner, Safi̇ye Atlas Tüli̇n Ergun, Rafi̇ Haner Di̇reskeneli̇
Decreasing Incidence And Severity Of Behçet's Disease: A Changing Trend Inepidemiological Spectrum Possibly Associated With Oral Health, Gonca Mumcu, Fatma Ali̇baz Öner, Safi̇ye Atlas Tüli̇n Ergun, Rafi̇ Haner Di̇reskeneli̇
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic and inflammatory disorder that is mainly present along the ancient Silk Road, from the Mediterranean Sea to East Asia. A wide range of prevalence figures (0.1-420/100,000) have been reported for BD, also among Turkish populations of similar genetic background living in different countries. Recently, a decline in the incidence of BD and a change of the disease spectrum to less-severe manifestations have been reported from Japan and Korea, two genetically homogenous, affluent populations with limited immigration. It was hypothesized that a decline in infectious diseases, especially dental/periodontal infections, associated with the improvement in oral …
Familial Mediterranean Fever, From Pathogenesis To Treatment: A Contemporary Review, Abdurrahman Tufan, Helen Lachmann
Familial Mediterranean Fever, From Pathogenesis To Treatment: A Contemporary Review, Abdurrahman Tufan, Helen Lachmann
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) (OMIM #249100) is the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease in the world. FMF is caused by gain of function mutations of MEFV gene which encodes an immune regulatory protein, pyrin. Over the last few years, we have witnessed several new developments in the pathogenesis, genetic testing, diagnosis, comorbidities, disease related damage and treatment approaches to FMF. Elucidation of some of the pathogenic mechanisms has led to the discovery of pathways involved in inflammatory, metabolic, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. The use of next generation sequencing in FMF has revealed many new gene variants whose clinical significance may …
The Negative Effects Of Dry Eye Disease On Quality Of Life And Visual Function, Lee W. Guo, Esen Akpek
The Negative Effects Of Dry Eye Disease On Quality Of Life And Visual Function, Lee W. Guo, Esen Akpek
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
In recent years, dry eye has become a hot topic within ophthalmology and optometry, especially in regards to new frontiers in treatment modalities which include novel devices, procedures, and medications. However, some of the more understudied areas in dry eye involve its impact on quality of life. Although ocular discomfort symptoms are well known to be associated with dry eye, its negative effects on visual function remain underrecognized. This paper reviews these topics within the currently published literature to heighten awareness among clinicians.
Gut Microbiota And Therapeutic Approaches For Dysbiosis In Irritable Bowel Syndrome:Recent Developments And Future Perspectives, Hanna Fjeldheim Dale, Gülen Arslan Lied
Gut Microbiota And Therapeutic Approaches For Dysbiosis In Irritable Bowel Syndrome:Recent Developments And Future Perspectives, Hanna Fjeldheim Dale, Gülen Arslan Lied
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Increased knowledge regarding the implications of gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suggests that a disturbed intestinal microenvironment (dysbiosis) might promote the development and maintenance of IBS symptoms and affects several pathways in the pathology of this multifactorial disease. Accordingly, manipulation of the gut microbiota in order to improve IBS symptoms has evolved as a novel treatment strategy in the last decade. Several different approaches have been investigated in order to improve the gut microbiota composition. Dietary modifications including supplementation with fibers, prebiotics, and probiotics are shown to improve symptoms and composition of gut microbiota in IBS; however, the …
Update On Liver Transplantation-Newer Aspects, Rahşan Olga Meti̇n, Cem Şi̇mşek, Ahmet Ömür Gürakar
Update On Liver Transplantation-Newer Aspects, Rahşan Olga Meti̇n, Cem Şi̇mşek, Ahmet Ömür Gürakar
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Liver transplantation (LT) remains the only therapeutic option offering gold standard treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD) and acute liver failure (ALF), as well as for certain early-stage liver tumors. Currently, the greatest challenge facing LT is the simple fact that there are not enough adequate livers for all the potential patients that could benefit from LT. Despite efforts to expand the donor pool to include living and deceased donors, organ shortage is still a major problem in many countries. To solve this problem, the use of marginal liver grafts has become an inevitable choice. Although the definition of marginal …
Thalamocortical Network Interruption: A Fresh View For Migraine Symptoms, Hayrunni̇sa Bolay Belen
Thalamocortical Network Interruption: A Fresh View For Migraine Symptoms, Hayrunni̇sa Bolay Belen
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Migraine is a multifaceted brain disorder where multisensory disturbances are associated with headache. Yet sensory symptoms are conventionally justified by dysfunctions confined to the cerebral cortex, a perspective through the complex interplay of thalamocortical network would provide the entire picture, more pertinent to the central sensory processing. It is important to consider thalamus as a hub that integrates multiple domains via extensive connections among anatomically and functionally separate cortical areas. Accordingly, cortical spreading depression (CSD), implicated in migraine pathophysiology can be seen as a tool to disconnect thalamocortical network by functionally eliminating cerebral cortex. Hence, including thalamic reticular nucleus and …
Tuberous Sclerosis: A Review Of The Past, Present, And Future, Sanem Pinar Uysal, Mustafa Şahi̇n
Tuberous Sclerosis: A Review Of The Past, Present, And Future, Sanem Pinar Uysal, Mustafa Şahi̇n
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant, multisystem disorder that is characterized by cellular and tissue dysplasia in several organs. With the advent of genetic and molecular techniques, mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes were discovered to be responsible for mTOR overactivation, which is the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis. TSC is a highly heterogenous clinical entity with variable presentations and severity of disease. The brain, heart, skin, eyes, kidneys, and lungs are commonly involved in this syndrome, with neurologic symptoms comprising a significant source of morbidity and mortality. In 2012, the diagnostic criteria for TSC were revised by …
Molecular Subtyping Bladder Cancer: Is It Ready For Clinical Practice?, Funda Vakar Lopez
Molecular Subtyping Bladder Cancer: Is It Ready For Clinical Practice?, Funda Vakar Lopez
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Bladder cancer, one of the more common cancers, is a heterogeneous disease, both morphologically and clinically. Although histological classification and extent of the disease (staging) guide treatment options, the heterogeneity in responses to therapy highlights the need for better stratification of patients for the appropriate therapy in order to achieve better outcomes. Several molecular classifications of muscle-invasive bladder cancer have been proposed but currently their use in clinical practice is limited by the complexity of the methods used and diversity of the subtypes.
Immune Gene Therapy Of Cancer, Hakan Akbulut
Immune Gene Therapy Of Cancer, Hakan Akbulut
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Cancer gene therapy emerged as a promising treatment modality 3 decades ago. However, the failure of the first gene therapy trials in cancer treatment has decreased its popularity. Likewise, immunotherapy has followed a similar course. While it was a popular and promising treatment with IL-2 and interferon and cancer vaccines in the 1980s, it later lost its popularity. Immunotherapy became one of the main options for cancer treatment with the successful use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinics approximately 10 years ago. The success of immunotherapy has increased even more with the introduction of cancer gene therapy methods in this …