Medical Education Commons^™

Diversifying Skin Tone Representation In Medical School Dermatology Curriculum, Devin Barzallo, Afua A. Ofori-Darko, Ashley M. Perez, Katherine Disano

Student Scholarship

The lack of diversity in medical education contributes to disparities in dermatologic health outcomes, particularly for patients of color. This study evaluates second-year medical students’ comfort in diagnosing conditions in skin of color (SOC) and explores strategies to improve their confidence. We hypothesize that a curriculum enriched with SOC representation will enhance diagnostic skills. Surveys from Fall 2020 and Fall 2022 showed increased student comfort in diagnosing SOC. Fall 2022 students, exposed to more diverse dermatologic photos, demonstrated greater confidence. These findings underscore the necessity of integrating SOC content into medical curricula to address healthcare disparities.

Accelerated 3ymd Programs: The Last Decade Of Growth Of The Consortium Of Accelerated Medical Pathway Programs (Campp)., Catherine L Coe, Sally A Santen, Annette Reboli, Jeffrey R Boscamp, Amanda M Stoltz, Erin Latif, Lisa Grill Dodson, Matthew Hunsaker, Anuradha Paavuluri, Judith Brenner, Seethalakshmi Ramanathan, Allison Macerollo, Shou Ling Leong, Lisa Strano-Paul, Christin Traba, Betsy Goebel Jones, Kristen Rundell, Alicia Gonzalez-Flores, William J Crump, Mark Vining, April O Buchanan, Debaroti Tina Mullick Borschel, Christina M Vitto, Joan Cangiarella

Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Departmental Research

INTRODUCTION: Over the past decade, the growth of accelerated three-year MD (3YMD) programs has flourished. In 2015, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, the Consortium of Medical Pathway Programs (CAMPP) started with eight North American medical schools. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the current state of the 3YMD programs.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 2015, the CAMPP has tracked new and prospective 3YMD programs. An electronic survey collecting curricular and programmatic information about the programs was disseminated to all members of the CAMPP in August 2023. The survey included elements related to year of initiation, number …

Competency-Based Medical Education And The Education Continuum: Establishing A Framework For Lifelong Learning, Ann E. Burke, Daniel J. Sklansky, Hilary M. Haftel, Andrew Mitchell, Keith J. Mann

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) is built on the concept that the competencies of learners, both graduates and practicing physicians, should ensure they are ready to meet the ever-changing healthcare needs of patients.1, 2, 3 Education outcomes in a CBME system are defined based on the needs of patients, and in healthy CBME systems, there is a paradigm shift from a focus on process and teachers to outcomes and learners.2,4 CBME should occur across the continuum of one's career, from undergraduate medical education through retirement. Furthermore, learners must be accustomed to driving their own educational processes.4,5 This learner-centered perspective requires …

Emergency Department Slit Lamp Interdisciplinary Training Via Longitudinal Assessment In Medical Practice, Samara Hamou, Shayan Ghiaee, Christine Chung, Maureen Lloyd, Kelly Khem, Xiao Zhang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Eye emergencies make up nearly 3% of US emergency department (ED) visits. While emergency physicians (EP) should diagnose and treat these ophthalmologic emergencies, many trainees report limited ocular exposure and insufficient training throughout their residency to confidently conduct a thorough slit-lamp exam.

METHODS: We created an interdisciplinary, simulation-based mastery learning (SBML) curriculum to teach emergency attending physicians how to operate the slit lamp with multimodal learning methodology at a tertiary academic center. The EPs first demonstrate their initial slit-lamp competency with a 20-item checklist, and they then review the necessary curricular content to pass their independent readiness test before …

Let’S Go! 2022-2023 Educational Programs: Developing A Standardized Obesity Medicine Curriculum Through A Realist Evaluation, Isaac Stickney, Peter Amann, Victoria Rogers, Austin Steward, Kayla Bronzo, Alec Luro, Robert Bing-You

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Problem: Obesity is linked to more than 200 chronic conditions, lower quality of life, and worse outcomes for patients. Let’s Go! is a community engagement initiative that works with communities to create environments that support healthy behaviors that impact obesity. Let’s Go! provides educational programming for all medical learners and providers throughout Maine and Carroll County, New Hampshire. The goal of Let’s Go! is to address the health outcomes of obesity and the stigma associated with it, including its impact on patients’ mental health and clinicians’ unconscious biases.

Approach: We used a realist evaluation, a framework in which the social …

Exploring Social Workers Potential Role In Mitigating Maternal Mortality Through Coordinated Care, Jena Brown-Talib

Honors Theses

Maternal health disparities persist as a significant challenge in Mississippi, particularly for African American women. This thesis explores the intersection of coordinated care models and social work interventions in addressing maternal mortality. Coordinated care involves collaboration among physicians, nurses, practitioners, social workers, community health workers, and other support services, aiming to maximize pregnant patients' overall health outcomes.

Analyzing strategies of social workers within coordinated care models is important for improving maternal health outcomes within this study. A qualitative approach was chosen to delve beyond statistics and illuminate the reality of maternal health disparities and the efforts to resolve them. Data …

Learning To Lead: The Evolution Of A Pilot Leadership Curriculum For Gynecologic Oncology Fellows At The Ohio State University., Monica D Levine, Vincent M Wagner, Courtney J Riedinger, Wafa Khadraoui, Paulina J Haight, Molly Morton, David A Barrington, Corinne A Calo, Antonio V Castaneda, Michelle Lightfoot, Julia Chalif, Anna Gonzalez, David E Cohn

Medical Education Articles

•Leadership training is under-emphasized in traditional medical education.•An effective leadership curriculum must be dynamic and requires genuine investment from participants.•Through didactic education, self-reflection, and real-world perspective we can actively mold future leaders in gynecologic oncology.

A Novel For-Credit Dei Humanities Co-Curriculum, Megan Voeller, Charles A. Pohl

Jefferson Humanities & Health Papers

No abstract provided.

Early Immersion In Team-Based Event Review: Experiential Patient Safety Education For Pgy 1 Internal Medicine Residents, Michelle Perkons, Alexis Wickersham, Sonia Bharel, Timothy Kuchera, Rebecca Jaffe

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, there has been a national push to incorporate high-fidelity quality improvement and patient safety (QIPS) education into physician training programs. In fact, integration of robust patient safety education became an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Common Program Requirement for residency programs in 2017. We developed a curriculum to not only fulfill the ACGME's requirement but also provide PGY 1 internal medicine residents with the skills needed to become active participants in ongoing patient safety work throughout their training and careers.

METHODS: Our patient safety curriculum was woven into residents' existing protected educational time and …

Assessment Of Structured Research Curriculum On Resident Scholarly Activity, Trevi Mancilla, Ryan Knight, Marshall Spiegel

Continental, MidAmerica, & Mountain Divisions GME Research Day 2024

No abstract provided.

Impact Of A Design Thinking Educational Activity On Graduate Students’ Knowledge, Confidence, And Perceived Benefits, Janice Hawkins, John Baaki, Beth Tembley, Robert J. Hawkins

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Background: Design Thinking is gaining recognition as an innovative and creative approach to problem solving. Though nurse leaders need problem solving tools to address health care challenges, Design Thinking concepts are not commonly taught in nursing education. To introduce graduate level nursing students to Design Thinking, we held an educational activity focused on this content as part of required coursework.

Purpose: The purpose was to describe and compare outcomes of a Design Thinking educational activity on students’ perceived knowledge, confidence, and benefits to nursing practice.

Methods: Graduate level nursing students participated in a 3-hour educational activity. After the session, …

Twelve Tips For Using The Understanding By Design® Curriculum Planning Framework, Alana D Newell, Cara A Foldes, Alison J Haddock, Nadia Ismail, Nancy P Moreno

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Health professions faculty engaged in curriculum planning or redesign can struggle with developing courses or programs that align desired learner outcomes, such as competencies to be applied in a clinical setting, with assessment and instruction.

AIMS: Our medical school implemented the Understanding by Design (UbD) framework to achieve alignment of outcomes, assessments and teaching during the renewal of our four-year curriculum. This article shares our strategies and practices for implementing UbD with teams of faculty curriculum developers.

DESCRIPTION: The UbD framework is a 'backward' approach to curriculum development that begins by identifying learner outcomes, followed by the development of …

The 6 Degrees Of Curriculum Integration In Medical Education In The United States, Julie Youm, Jennifer Christner, Kevin Hittle, Paul Ko, Cinda Stone, Angela D Blood, Samara Ginzburg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Despite explicit expectations and accreditation requirements for integrated curriculum, there needs to be more clarity around an accepted common definition, best practices for implementation, and criteria for successful curriculum integration. To address the lack of consensus surrounding integration, we reviewed the literature and herein propose a definition for curriculum integration for the medical education audience. We further believe that medical education is ready to move beyond “horizontal” (1-dimensional) and “vertical” (2-dimensional) integration and propose a model of “6 degrees of curriculum integration” to expand the 2-dimensional concept for future designs of medical education programs and best prepare learners to meet …

An Interactive, Case-Based Workshop On The Patient Experience For Internal Medicine Residents, Julian Swanson, Doris Lin, Kristen A Staggers, Priti Dangayach

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: The technological revolution has narrowed the information gap between physician and patient. This has led to an evolution in medicine from paternalistic to patient-centric, with health care systems now prioritizing patient experience to achieve higher satisfaction scores. Therefore, it is imperative to start early in educating trainees on how to best address the holistic needs of the patient while also delivering high-quality care.

METHODS: We implemented a 1-hour workshop that was repeated weekly over 8 weeks to capture all internal medicine residents in our program. During the workshop, we reviewed the historical evolution of patient care from paternalistic to …

A Mini Chalk Talk Workshop For Fourth-Year Medical Students: Facilitating The Transition From Student To Resident Educator, Trevor Jamison, Zaven Sargsyan, Uma Ayyala, Stephanie Sherman, Holland Kaplan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing recognition that incoming interns benefit from formal training in teaching skills during UME. Many medical schools have capstone courses well suited for teacher-training content. Mini chalk talks (MCTs) are a common clinical teaching modality requiring a variety of teaching skills. We developed a session for our institution's capstone course in which students prepared and delivered MCTs.

METHODS: The voluntary flipped classroom session was offered virtually in 2021 and in person in 2022. Before the session, students reviewed materials on creating effective MCTs and developed and practiced their own MCT. During the 90-minute session, students presented their …

Harm Reduction In Undergraduate And Graduate Medical Education: A Systematic Scoping Review, Kelsey R. Smith, Nina K. Shah, Abby L. Adamczyk, Lara C. Weinstein, Erin L. Kelly

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Substance use increasingly contributes to early morbidity and mortality, which necessitates greater preparation of the healthcare workforce to mitigate its harm. The purpose of this systematic scoping review is to: 1) review published curricula on harm reduction for substance use implemented by undergraduate (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) in the United States and Canada, 2) develop a framework to describe a comprehensive approach to harm reduction medical education, and 3) propose additional content topics for future consideration.

METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, ERIC: Education Resources Information Center (Ovid), and MedEdPORTAL were searched. Studies included any English language curricula about harm …

Mental Health Differences In Medical Students Based On Curriculum And Gender, Maxim Jestin, Shelly Sharma, Deval Jhaveri, Brittany Mitchell, Dean Micciche, Venkat Venkataraman, Kathryn Lambert

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of mental health struggles among students in medical school is widely reported; however, little is known about how it is impacted by the medical school curriculum. This study aimed to evaluate differences in anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion in medical students based on gender, class year, and curriculum.

METHODS: An anonymous online survey consisting of questions from established, validated questionnaires about demographics, anxiety, depression, emotional exhaustion, and personal health behaviors was sent to 817 medical students who attended Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine during the Spring of 2021. When applying to this school, each of these students …

Elevating The Educational Mission Of "Full-Service" Core Facilities Through Formal Biotechnology Workshops, Emily Ricco, Stacy Nguyen, Victoria Rodriguez, Kieu Pham, Esmanur Tokcan, Sherita Love, Alana Newell, Daniel C Kraushaar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Core facility laboratories are an essential part of the successful research enterprise of many universities around the world. Core facilities provide state-of-the-art instrumentation and technologies to support research of all faculty, postdocs, and students on a fee-for-service basis. Academic next-generation sequencing cores are typically "full service" facilities, and access to and training on their instrumentation is limited to core staff. To address these limitations, we provided graduate students with technical training at our core facility. We developed a 1-week noncredit-bearing workshop and recruited 6 graduate students (N = 6) as part of a pilot program. The program involved online teaching, …

Steps On Establishing A Faculty Development Curriculum For Health Science Educators In A New Medical School, Beatriz Tapia, Karina Madrigal, Robert Nelson

Research Colloquium

Purpose: New Medical Schools need health science educators, to teach throughout the medical education continuum from basic science to clinical years. The need to establish a defined faculty development curriculum for health science educators will aid in standardizing best teaching practices and build a potential master teacher to move the curriculum toward active learning and innovation. The UTRGV SoM is a distributed campus, to achieve increase outreach we will offer synchronous and asynchronous online faculty development during the pandemic. This poster will share our progress to date.

Methods: A pilot, faculty development program, was established from faculty needs assessment data, …

Establishing A Mentoring Program For Health Science Educators In A New Medical School, Karina Madrigal, Beatriz Tapia, Robert Nelson

Research Colloquium

Purpose: New Medical Schools need mentoring programs to enhance the personal and professional development of mentees and mentors. The need to establish a mentoring support mechanism is critical. This poster will share our progress to date.

Methods: A pilot mentoring program was established for junior faculty. These faculty members were paired with an associate professor or professor to serve as mentors for career development and engage in a focused scholarly project over a nine-month period.

Typically, the junior faculty is within the first three years of appointment and hold the rank of assistant professor. Each mentee will have 10% protected …

Evaluation Of An Individualized Learning Plan Template For The Transition To Residency, Amber T Pincavage, Ashish Gandhi, Eli Falk, Lauren Dimarino, Douglas Ruiz Carbajal, Uma Ayyala, Jayaram Chandrasekar, Andrew N Dentino, Allison H Ferris, Richard M Forster, Paul A Hemmer, Nancy Masucci, William D Surkis, Valerie O, John H Choe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background Specialty-specific individualized learning plans (ILPs) have been promoted to improve the undergraduate to graduate medical education transition, yet few pilots have been described.

Objective To create and report on the feasibility and acceptability of a pilot internal medicine (IM) ILP template.

Methods The ILP was created by a group of diverse IM expert stakeholders and contained questions to stimulate self-reflection and collect self-reported readiness data from incoming interns. US IM residency programs were invited to pilot the ILP with interns in spring 2022. Data was used at the programs’ discretion. The pilot was evaluated by a post-pilot survey of …

Best Practices In Patient Education: Medical Students’ Perceptions And Implementations, Bridget Croniger, Mikaela Grudzien, Rubab Imtiaz, Dana Kabbani Md, Jennifer Mendez

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Effective patient education can help achieve better clinical outcomes, especially when a patient is managing a chronic illness. Despite patient education being an important skill in the professional formation of physicians, little is known about medical students’ perceptions and implementations of such strategies. After completing a chronic illness educational module, second-year medical students were asked to rate the importance of specific patient education strategies and to assess their use of said strategies in the module’s project assignment. Results indicated students utilized different patient education strategies from those they initially identified as most effective.

Current Curricular Trends After The Covid-19 Pandemic: A National Survey Of Psychiatry Residency Programs, Jeff Wang Jin, Kacy Smith, Amanda Helminiak, Vineeth John, Hanjing Emily Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many psychiatry residencies (academic, community, and hybrid programs) have adopted different learning modalities to preserve a high quality of educational training. There is minimal data on specific program adaptations, related change perspectives, and program type stratification. This study sought to examine trends in curriculum changes in accredited psychiatry residency programs in the United States.

METHODS: Program directors of accredited general psychiatry programs in the United States were surveyed to assess both general program details and changes in educational content, delivery, and perspectives with regard to program curricula.

RESULTS: A total of 63 program directors out …

Strategies For Advancing Equity In Frontline Clinical Assessment, Chavon M Onumah, Amber T Pincavage, Cindy J Lai, Diane L Levine, Nadia J Ismail, Irene Alexandraki, Nora Y Osman

Faculty and Staff Publications

Educational equity in medicine cannot be achieved without addressing assessment bias. Assessment bias in health professions education is prevalent and has extensive implications for learners and, ultimately, the health care system. Medical schools and educators desire to minimize assessment bias, but there is no current consensus on effective approaches. Frontline teaching faculty have the opportunity to mitigate bias in clinical assessment in real time. Based on their experiences as educators, the authors created a case study about a student to illustrate ways bias affects learner assessment. In this paper, the authors use their case study to provide faculty with evidence-based …

Developing An Interprofessional Community Psychiatry Rotation Using An Assertive Community Treatment Team Model: A Preliminary Evaluation, Ruth Frydman

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: There is a shortage of psychiatric providers trained to work in community settings with people with serious mental illness (SMI) and associated comorbidities. We designed an innovative psychiatry rotation and curriculum for psychiatry residents and other learners.

Methods: The rotation incorporates working with our Assertive Community Treatment team and includes home visits, assertive outreach, and visits in other community settings. It was designed to improve learners’ confidence in their understanding and skill set for working with and treating people with SMI in the community on an interprofessional (IP) team. This pilot quality improvement project evaluated psychiatry resident responses to …

Learning Through Doing: Comprehensive Programming For A Training Program In Cancer Disparities, Kayce D Solari Williams, Kamisha Hamilton Escoto, Crystal Roberson, Kathy Le, Lorraine R Reitzel, Lorna H Mcneill, Shine Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In the United States, preparing researchers and practitioners for careers in cancer requires multiple components for success. In this reflection article, we discuss our approach to designing a comprehensive research training program in cancer disparities. We focused on elements that provide students and early career scientists a deep understanding of disparities through first-hand experiences and skills training necessary to build a research career in the area. Our Educational Program sits within the framework of an NCI P20 program, "UHAND (University of Houston/MD Anderson Cancer Center)", jointly established by an NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center and a minority-serving university as a collaborative …

Reviewing Internal Medicine Clerkship Grading Through A Proequity Lens: Results Of A National Survey, Cindy J Lai, Irene Alexandraki, Nadia Ismail, Diane Levine, Chavon Onumah, Amber T Pincavage, Jackcy Jacob, Melissa Osborn Jenkins, Amulya Nagarur, Michael Kisielewski, Nora Y Osman

Faculty and Staff Publications

Purpose: Equity in assessment and grading has become imperative across medical education. Although strategies to promote equity exist, there may be variable penetrance across institutions. The objectives of this study were to identify strategies internal medicine (IM) clerkship directors (CDs) use to reduce inequities in assessment and grading and explore IM CDs' perceptions of factors that impede or facilitate the implementation of these strategies.

Method: From October to December 2021, the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine of the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine conducted its annual survey of IM core CDs at 137 U.S. and U.S. territory-based medical schools. This …

Well-Being At A Military Medical School And Implications For Military Retention., Michael Soh, Jessica Bunin, Sebastian Uijtdehaage, Anthony R. Artino, Erin S Barry, Steven J Durning, Neil E Grunberg, Ryan R Landoll, Ashley Maranich, Lisa K Moores, Jessica Servey, Dario Torre, Pamela M Williams, Ting Dong

Health Sciences Education Research

INTRODUCTION: Physical and psychological well-being play a critical role in the academic and professional development of medical students and can alter the trajectory of a student's quality of personal and professional life. Military medical students, given their dual role as officer and student, experience unique stressors and issues that may play a role in their future intentions to continue military service, as well as practice medicine. As such, this study explores well-being across the 4 years of medical school at Uniformed Services University (USU) and how well-being relates to a student's likelihood to continue serving in the military and practicing …

How Influential Are Medical School Curriculum And Other Medical School Characteristics In Students’ Selecting Pathology As A Specialty?, Cindy B. Mccloskey, Mark Brissette, John Michael Childs, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Melissa R. George, Ashley M. Holloman, Bronwyn Bryant, Mary P. Berg, Lisa Ross Dixon, Julie Katz Karp, Barbara E.C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Victor Gerardo Prieto, Charles F. Timmons, Robert D. Hoffman

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

There has been a significant decline in the number of United States allopathic medical students matching to pathology residency programs. Data acquired from the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) show sustained variation in the medical school production of students who go on to pathology residency. When divided into groups based on the medical school's historical volume of graduates entering pathology, the schools in groups labeled Group 1 and Group 2 produced significantly higher and lower proportions of pathology residents, respectively. This study aimed to identify what medical school curriculum elements and other medical school characteristics might explain the differences …

Optimizing Teaching Effectiveness In Dental Education For A New Generation Of Learners, Christopher J Walinski, Joe C Ontiveros, Fei Liu, Geralyn Crain, Saynur Vardar-Sengul

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Today's dental students, Generation Z (Gen Z), are said to learn differently than those of previous generations. As generations of dental students vary, our teaching styles must keep up with unique and changing groups of individuals.

Methods: This article discusses learner-focused teaching methods including techniques that address the characteristics of Gen Z learners. Blended learning methods that combine online media with traditional face-to-face sessions, team-based learning, and a flipped classroom format have previously been suggested as ways to increase learning effectiveness and student satisfaction.

Results: In this paper, the characteristics and preferences of Gen Z students are described along …