Medical Education Commons^™

Training Apart, Together: Team Dynamics In Individual Sports And Surgical Residency, W. Jack Palmer, Dylan Bertoni, Elizabeth E. Cottrill, Colin T. Huntley

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Surgeons in training share notable parallels with competitive athletes, including rigorous training, skill specialization, and functioning under pressure. Surgical educators have leveraged this comparison, incorporating techniques from sports psychology, such as mental imagery and mindfulness, to improve trainees' individual performance and well-being. Surgical trainees and athletes both rely on effective teamwork for optimal outcomes, suggesting that residency leaders can glean valuable team-level insights from sports psychology. This article examines how the structure of surgical residency influences team dynamics, using concepts from sports psychology to identify evidence-based strategies for improving program cohesion and resident well-being. The surgical literature typically conceptualizes surgery …

Using An Automated Evaluation System To Improve Medical Student Evaluation Response Rate And Reduce Administrative Burden, Chaiya Laoteppitaks, Alisha Agarwal, Jason Gonzalez, Nina Mingioni, Xiao C. Zhang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Email reminders facilitate timely task completion but can create substantial administrative burdens for clerkship staff. In our emergency medicine (EM) clerkship, third-year medical students initiate digital evaluation requests after each clinical shift, requiring frequent manual reminders to maintain completion rates. The time-intensive nature of this process highlights the need for a more efficient and scalable approach.

METHODS: This multi-site, pre-post study evaluated clinical performance evaluation completion rates and time to completion during the required EM clerkship over 48 weeks before and after implementation of an automated reminder system in September 2024. The system integrated existing survey functionality with Microsoft …

Impact Of The Hidden Curriculum And Unprofessionalism On Medical Student Specialty Choice, Melissa George, Kristie White, Balaram Puligandla, Hailey Gosnell, Amanda Lofgreen, Kristen Johnson, Stephanie Barak, Mary Berg, Satyapal Chahar, John Childs, Barbara Knollmann-Ritschel, Julie Karp, Md, Cindy Mccloskey, Bronwyn Bryant

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The hidden curriculum in medical education refers to implicit lessons not formally taught, including specialty hierarchies, stereotypes, and misconceptions. Pathology, in particular, is often subject to derogatory comments and the perception that communication skills and patient care are wasted in this specialty. This study explored pathology residents' experiences with the hidden curriculum and its impact on medical student education. A survey was administered to pathology trainees to assess demographic trends and specialties associated with positive or negative perceptions of pathology and included free-text responses. Most respondents reported encountering negative remarks about pathology, spanning all levels of training and practice. Reactions …

Diversity Among Academic Orthopaedic Surgery Sports Medicine Faculty Across Us Residency Programs, Terence L. Thomas, Alexander Zavitsanos, Claude Regis, John Czarnicki, Harrison S. Fellheimer, Gabriel I. Onor, William Justice, Jalen Broome, Damon V. Briggs, Edward S. Chang, Meghan Bishop, Christopher C. Dodson

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Despite growing attention to workforce diversity in orthopaedic surgery, limited data exist describing the demographic composition of academic sports medicine faculty. This study examines the diversity of sports medicine fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgery faculty across US orthopaedic surgery residency training programs.

METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of all ACGME-accredited orthopaedic surgery sports medicine faculty was conducted. Faculty data included sex, race, level of professorship, residency attended, year of residency graduation, and h-index. Underrepresented in Orthopaedics (URiO) was defined as non-White and non-Asian by race and all women. Descriptive statistics were performed.

RESULTS: A total of 812 sports medicine-fellowship trained faculty were …

Sexual Orientation And Burnout Among Emergency Medicine Residents, David Rudolph, Kirlos Haroun, Michael Gottlieb, Susan Farrell, Yvette Calderon, Kayla Iuliucci, Lea Moujaes, Blake Denley, P. Logan Weygandt

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Burnout is highly prevalent among emergency medicine (EM) residents and is associated with negative outcomes for physician well-being and patient care. Emerging evidence suggests sexual minority trainees may be at increased risk, but differences within EM residency are not well characterized.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if burnout prevalence among EM residents differs by sexual orientation after adjustment for key confounders.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study included US resident physicians who took the 2024 American Board of Emergency Medicine In-Training Exam (ITE) postexamination survey and answered the question on sexual orientation.

EXPOSURE: Sexual minority status (heterosexual or straight and …

Collaborative Healthcare: Advancing Interprofessional Practice & Education, Volume 16, Number 2, Spring/Summer 2026

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

In this Issue:

• From the Editors
• What Does It Take to Truly Improve Black Maternal Health from an Interprofessional Lens?
• Spotlight on an Interprofessional Clinical Team
• Meet an IPE/IPCP Faculty Champion
• Meet an IPE/IPCP Student Champion

Comparable Outcomes, Divergent Learning Pathways: Comparing Metacognitive Reflection And Practice Problems In Organic Chemistry, Jitendra D. Belani

College of Life Sciences Faculty Papers

Organic Chemistry I presents significant challenges for students, requiring both conceptual understanding and effective study strategies. Two commonly used approaches to support learning are structured practice problems and metacognitive reflection activities; however, these strategies are rarely compared directly within the same course context. In this study, students enrolled in a postbaccalaureate Organic Chemistry I course (n = 31) were randomly assigned to one of two low-stakes interventions: weekly practice problem sets or structured reflection surveys focused on study strategies. Student performance was evaluated using three midterm examinations, a cumulative final exam, and overall course grades, along with measures of participation. …

From Fly On The Wall To Future Colleagues: Best Practice Recommendations For Medical Student Shadowing Programs, Molly Estes, Danielle Matonis, Mckenna Knych, Brian Barbas, Ronnie Ren, William Dixon, Michael Pasirstein, Xiao C. Zhang, Kaitlin Bowers, Ravi R. Chauhan, Laryssa A. Patti

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Physician shadowing is a common component of early medical education and frequently represents students' first exposure to clinical practice. Despite its prevalence, existing guidance primarily targets learners rather than physicians supervising shadowing experiences. This gap is especially relevant in the emergency department (ED), where high patient acuity, workflow demands, and complex clinical environments create challenges for providing safe and meaningful observational learning. We sought to develop consensus-based best practice recommendations for ED faculty supervising medical student shadowing.

METHODS: We conducted a modified Delphi study using an online survey platform to achieve panelist consensus. Ten emergency medicine educators with a …

Financial Implications Of Vascular Surgery Conference Fees, Alexandra Kats, Gerard M. Martin, Sanath Patil, Joshua R. Chen, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dawn Salvatore, Michael Nooromid, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Conferences are an important venue for trainees and students to engage in scholarly activities and networking. However, cost presents a significant consideration for students looking to attend conferences as institutional funding varies. In this study, we analyze the attendance costs of vascular conferences.

METHODS: Thirty-one vascular surgery conferences were identified with 12 regional and 6 national, and 13 international. Invitation-only conferences were excluded from the analysis. Cost of attendance was stratified by early and regular registration timing and attending, trainee, and student status. Additionally, conference websites were queried individually for scholarship opportunities. Data was presented descriptively and compared using …

Screen-Based Simulation Assessment For Emergency Medicine Learners: A Rapid Review, Patrick Zeniecki, Rebecca Kamens, Jared Kilpatrick, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Xiao C. Zhang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Simulation has played a vital role in training medical professionals. The COVID-19 Pandemic has highlighted the need for physically distant educational assessment methods. Screen-based simulation (SBS) demonstrates one alternative to traditional in-person simulation methods to assess learners clinical reasoning and communication skills. This study aims to compare in-person simulation to SBS as assessment methods in Emergency Medicine (EM).

METHODS: A rapid review literature search methodology of an electronic database (PubMed) was performed in February 2022 with search terms such as "Computer Simulation," "Patient Simulation," "Simulation Training," "Education, Distance," "Virtual OSCE," "Academic Performance," or "Emergency Medicine." Reference lists of relevant …

A Survey Of Health Professions Learners’ Attitudes Towards Social Media In Medical Education: A Substance Use Disorders Education Case Study, Gregory A. Jaffe, Sarah Lawson, William Leach, Mallika Kodavatiganti, Erin Avanzato, Katherine Fesperman, Heather Klusaritz

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Social media is a ubiquitous part of the modern world and plays a key role in the dissemination of information. While utilizing social media for educational purposes has been repeatedly demonstrated as feasible, it has been underutilized in medical education and remains a critical opportunity to integrate microlearning and stigma reduction curricula.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on social media usage, attitudes, and beliefs was sent to medical and nursing students at two large academic institutions within Philadelphia. Descriptive statistics are reported, and non-parametric tests were utilized for exploratory analyses.

RESULTS: Health learners were low consumers of social media, reporting …

Isass Brave New Continuing Medical Education World: The Stifling Of Innovation In Spine Surgery Through Overrestriction Of Collaboration, Morgan P. Lorio, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Óscar L. Alves, Avelino Parajón, Matthew Scott-Young, Hansen A. Yuan, Alex R. Vaccaro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: in 2020, the accreditation Council for Continuing Medical education (aCCMe) released the Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Medical Education, effective january 1, 2022, to ensure that accredited activities are accurate, balanced, evidence-based, and clearly separated from marketing and sales. although these aims are broadly supported, implementation may have unintended consequences in procedure-intensive specialties such as spine surgery, where surgeon–industry collaboration often drives device innovation, clinical trials, and dissemination of new techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how current interpretations of ACCME eligibility and financial-relationship standards may affect continuing medical education in spine surgery and to propose practical adaptations …

The First Cut Is The Deepest: Understanding Learner Trauma In The Emergency Medicine Clerkship, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Leela Raj, Karen E. Watkins, Xiao C. Zhang, Andres Fernandez, Md, Victoria J. Marsick

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: As third-year medical students transition into high-stakes, high-stress clinical environments like the emergency department (ED), they may experience significant personal trauma. However, little is known about how this trauma is experienced early in their training - specifically during the transition from preclinical to clinical learning environments. This study addresses that gap by exploring third-year medical students' experiences of trauma during the emergency medicine (EM) clerkship through the lens of Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) and identifies workplace factors and intersectional demographics influencing these experiences.

METHODS: This qualitative study used the critical incident technique to explore emotionally-significant events encountered by third-year medical …

Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudinal Gaps In Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Diagnosis And Management In The United States, Patrice Lazure, Matthew Drake, Michelle Davis, Corrie Crowe, Zvi Grunwald, Lu Fan, Suzanne Murray

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare and disabling disease. Preventing unnecessary and/or harmful medical procedures to patients requires early and accurate diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, and access to specialists with FOP expertise. This study aims to assess the needs of healthcare providers (HCPs) when providing care to patients with FOP. Knowledge, confidence, and management practices were measured through a short awareness survey, completed by 400 HCPs from different specialties who may encounter patients with FOP. Complementary qualitative data were obtained from a dialogue session about FOP. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis, while qualitative data underwent thematic …

Interprofessional Perspective: Development Of The National Academies Of Practice Joint Health Literacy Position Statement, Teresa Wagner, Vincent Salyers, Bich Nguyen, Tanya Sudia, Kate Taylor, Devora R. Winkfield, Nancy Colletti, Felicia Chew, Sarah Manspeaker

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Chatgpt Versus Uptodate In Preclinical Medical Education: Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency Cosine Similarity, Shankar S. Thiru, Nicholas E. Aksu, Matthew Chiang, Daniel O. Gallagher, Mary Furlong, Elizabeth R. Prevou, Akhil Jay Khanna

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Generative artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT are increasingly used by medical students for self-directed learning. Although these models demonstrate linguistic fluency, their reliability as supplementary resources for preclinical education remains uncertain. In particular, comparisons with evidence-based references such as UpToDate are lacking.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the similarity between responses generated by ChatGPT (with GPT-4o mini) and those from UpToDate to preclinical medical education questions to assess ChatGPT's potential as an adjunctive learning tool.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional comparison study using 150 first-order questions derived from a preclinical question bank at a single allopathic institution under the …

Authors’ Response To Letter To The Editor From Aphale, P, Et Al., Resident Autonomy In Pathology: Bridging Gaps Between Training And Practice, Bronwyn H. Bryant, Balaram Puligandla, Hailey L. Gosnell, Kristen Johnson, Stephanie Barak, Mary P. Berg, Julie Karp, Amanda Lofgreen, Cindy B. Mccloskey, Barbara E. C. Knollmann-Ritschel, Kristie L. White, W. Stephen Black-Schaffer

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Ai Scribe Use In Residency Training: A Call For Specialty Society Guidance In Graduate Medical Education, Julia A. Giordano, Elizabeth Jones

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used for documentation purposes in clinical practice, yet guidance for resident use is limited. Given the substantial documentation burden on medical trainees, AI-powered scribing tools may offer benefits, but their integration into residency training raises educational, supervisory, and patient safety considerations. This study aimed to assess the availability of resident-specific guidance on AI scribe use from major medical and specialty organizations and to summarize current evidence on AI scribes in residency. We reviewed five major medical and specialty society websites (AAD, AMA, ACGME, AAMC, ABMS) via website searches and direct emails and conducted a PubMed …

Translating Social Accountability Values Into Practice: Doctors’ Experiences From Problem- Based Learning Medical Curriculum In The United Arab Emirates, Nihar Ranjan Dash, Ahmed Alrazzak Hasswan, Mayar Abbas Ahmed Essam Samaha, Kamel A. Samara, Mohamed Hassan Taha

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Purpose: Medical schools play a crucial role in preparing future doctors to address the health needs of patients and their communities. Graduates are expected to provide socially accountable care by upholding values such as relevance, equity, quality, and cost- effectiveness. This study explores how these values are understood and applied by medical graduates trained in problem-based learning (PBL) curricula. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among University of Sharjah medical graduates to assess their exposure to and practice of social accountability values. Results: Of the 689 graduates invited, 503 (73%) responded, including 329 (65%) women. Most respondents, 375 (75%), …

Italian Medical Students' Knowledge, Attitudes And Beliefs About Medical Marijuana And Their Implications On The Italian Medical Curriculum, Sneh S. Shah, Roberta Pastorino, Phd, Giovanni Gambassi, Md

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Purpose: Medical marijuana is gaining clinical and legislative relevance in Italy, yet little is known about Italian medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and preparedness regarding its therapeutic use. As future physicians, medical students will play a key role in integrating cannabis-based therapies safely into patient care. This study assessed Italian medical students’ perceived knowledge, clinical exposure, and attitudes toward medical marijuana, and evaluated implications for the medical curriculum.

Methods: A cross-sectional, anonymous online survey was distributed to students across Italian medical universities from May 2023 to March 2024. The survey used Likert-scale items to assess attitudes, perceived knowledge, educational exposure, and …

Jefferson Heart Health (Jhh): A Successful Student-Delivered Motivational Interviewing Pilot Program To Lower Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk, Nicholas Tomasko, Bs, Cindy Cheng, Md, Phd, Rafael Hernandez, Bs, Alessandra Sapon, Bs

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Purpose: The Jefferson Heart Health (JHH) program utilizes student health coaching by trained undergraduate and medical students supporting patients to sustain lifestyle changes and subsequently determine: how can we effectively educate patients by improving adherence to lifestyle recommendations? Also, what is the effectiveness of student-delivered health coaching for reducing patient cardiovascular risk? With our unique student-delivered program, we promote cost-effective lifestyle interventions for lowering overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden.

Methods: We successfully completed a four-week pilot with consistent patient attendance. Certified student JHH coaches, supervised by the certified obesity-management specialist and principal investigator, met weekly with 23 patients: 82.6% female/17.4% …

Factors Influencing Match Success In Integrated Vascular Surgery Residency Programs From 2019 To 2023, Antony A. Fuleihan, Melissa C. Xu, Scott H. Koeneman, Paul J. Dimuzio, Babak Abai, Michael Nooromid

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Integrated vascular surgery residency (IVSR) programs have grown increasingly competitive. However, the factors influencing successful matching remain unclear. This study evaluates the impact of medical school and applicant characteristics on IVSR match outcomes.

METHODS: A list of ACGME-accredited IVSRs was obtained from the Society for Vascular Surgery, and resident data from the 2019-2023 match cycles were collected from publicly available sources. Applicant characteristics consisted of additional graduate degrees, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) status, and research productivity. Medical school characteristics consisted of ranking, research funding, vascular surgery interest group (VSIG) presence, and vascular surgery faculty size. Logistic regression models were …

The Impact Of Pasifikas In Medicine On Pacific Islander Medical Student Experiences, Devon Hori Harvey, Micah Ngatuvai, Siale Vaitohi, Paige E. Faasuamalie, Maegan Tupinio, Lisa H. Smith

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

BACKGROUND: Pacific Islanders experience significant health disparities. One contributing aspect to these disparities is the lack of racial concordance as Pacific Islanders are underrepresented in the U.S. physician work force. Several factors contribute to this underrepresentation including lack of support systems for Pacific Islander premed and medical students. Pasifikas in Medicine (PiM) is a recently established national student organization founded to provide support for Pacific Islander premed students, medical students, residents, fellows and attending physicians. This study seeks to understand the impact of PiM on medical student experiences.

METHODS: An anonymous survey was distributed to the PiM listserv and to …

Collaborative Healthcare: Advancing Interprofessional Practice & Education, Volume 16, Number 1, Fall 2025/Winter 2026

Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE)

In this Issue:

• From the Editors
• Spotlight on an Interprofessional Clinical Team
• Meet an IPE/IPCP Faculty Champion
• Meet an IPE/IPCP Student Champion
• A Journey Through Interprofessional Education (IPE) from Health Mentors to Palliative Care

Status Of Training In The Use Of Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents For Therapeutic Endoscopic Ultrasound During Advanced Endoscopy Fellowship: A Survey Questionnaire, Yasi Xiao, Maham Hayat, Abdul S. Mohammed, Abdullah Abbasi, Sagar Pathak, Saurabh Chandan, Daryl Ramai, Deepanshu Jain, Muhammad K. Hasan, Mustafa A. Arain, Kambiz K. Kadkhodayan, Natalie Cosgrove, Dennis Yang

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Background and Aims The lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) has revolutionized endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). However, there is a paucity of data on the optimal approaches to training on the use of LAMSs. This survey study aimed to evaluate the status of training in LAMSs among advanced endoscopy fellowship (AEF) trainees. Methods AEF (academic year 2023-2024) trainees were invited to complete a 15-question survey on LAMS training. The questions included the following domains: demographics, exposure to LAMSs before AEF, number of observed and hands-on participation using LAMSs for EUS-guided pancreatic fluid collection drainage (EUS-PFCD), choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CD), gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD), and gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) …

A Contemporary Guide To An International Aortic Super-Fellowship For Surgical Trainees And Surgeons In The United States, Roberto G. Aru, Adam W. Beck, Stéphan Haulon

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Fenestrated and branched technology for endovascular aortic repair of the thoracoabdominal aorta and aortic arch has evolved significantly over the last decade. The spectrum of these devices is largely available outside the United States (US), while patient-specific company manufactured devices are limited to ten sites in the US, with ongoing expanding use of market-approved off-the-shelf devices. The necessary environment for appropriate education to ensure safe dissemination of these technologies is limited, and the current centralization of both device availability and skillsets affects trainee education. In order to refine their endovascular treatment algorithm and planning/implantation skillsets at these multidisciplinary aortic centers, …

Applying Entrustable Professional Activities Across Emergency Medicine Medical Education Fellowships: A Cross-Institutional Commentary, Carrie Maupin, Ambika Anand, Danielle Nesbit, Casey Morrone, Danielle Sultan

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Quality Assessment Of Pathology Board-Exam-Style Mcqs Produced By Chatgpt3.5: A Comparative Study, Arianna B. Morton, Zunaira Naeem, Allison F. Goldberg, Alexis R. Peedin, Joanna Chan

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Residents preparing for pathology board exams frequently use multiple-choice questions (MCQs) from question banks (QBs) like PathDojo and PathPrimer, which can be costly. ChatGPT, a free tool, has been used to generate MCQs for other tests like the SAT. This study compared the quality of pathology MCQs created by ChatGPT versus commercially available study questions for the American Board of Pathology’s (ABPath) certifying exams. A rubric adapted from the National Board of Medical Examiners’ (NBME) question writing guide was validated by two pathologists using commercially available pathology board exam questions. This rubric was then used to evaluate MCQs from commercially …

Ready Or Not? Merits Of An End-Of-Fourth-Year Summative Osce, Shruti Chandra, Md, Mehp, Deborah Ziring, Md, Katherine Berg, Md, Mph, Stefani Russo, Md

JeffMD Academic Affairs

Purpose

To develop a summative OSCE for fourth-year medical students to assess core clinical skills for internship readiness and remediate low performers.

Program directors report gaps between expectations and interns’ skills.

End of clerkship OSCEs, End of third-year summative OSCE

• Different competencies assessed
• Not reflective of graduation skills

An end-of-fourth-year summative OSCE was developed to

• Assess advanced reasoning and communication
• Assure residency readiness
• Identify and remediate clinical skills deficiencies

Does Cognitive Frame Affect Clinical Reasoning Among Medical Students? A Cross-Sectional Study, Xiao C. Zhang, Sara A. Belko, Andrew J Monick

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Background Diagnostic errors affect patient safety and lead to high costs. Cognitive bias is a key source of diagnostic error, and the framing effect poses a particular clinical challenge. The extent to which individual factors affect susceptibility to the framing bias is unclear, and the role of expertise in particular is contested across the literature. Objectives This study investigated the effects of framing bias on diagnostic reasoning among medical students. We hypothesised that the effects attributable to framing would be mediated by the number of years of medical education completed. Methods Participants were randomly assigned on an automated basis with …