Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Commons^™

When Constipation Becomes Lethal: Septic Shock Induced By Stercoral Colitis In A 77-Year-Old Female, Anna Delancy, Nicholas Tomasello, Joan Wiley, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Stercoral colitis is a form of colitis caused by fecal impaction distending the colon and causing fecaloma formation. Fecalomas lead to pressure necrosis of the colon and eventual perforation. The increased intraluminal pressure from the distention of the colon causes vascular compromise and ischemia. The most common locations of necrosis are in the sigmoid colon and rectum . When progressed to perforation, the mortality rate is as high as 60%. The most common cases of stercoral colitis occur in nursing home patients, mentally impaired patients, or those with chronic constipation. Here we describe an unusual case of stercoral colitis causing …

An Unusual Ed Case: Spontaneous Necrotizing Fasciitis Presenting As Hypoxic Pneumonia, Chetna Thawani, Kishan Patel

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

We present a case of necrotizing fasciitis initially presenting as septic hypoxic pneumonia, and discuss imaging modalities and diagnostic evaluation. Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a rapidly progressive surgical emergency with a mortality rate of 30%. In approximately 80% of cases, it is introduced through a break in the skin. It can also occur after any invasive procedure or surgery. It is most commonly associated with skin flora including staph and strep, though polymicrobial infections are most common. It usually presents with signs of systemic infection, including fever, chills, sepsis, altered mental status - and signs of cutaneous involvement …

Listen To Your Heart, Or At Least Theirs: Maintaining A High Index Of Suspicion For Infective Endocarditis, Mollie Powell Do, Mahesh Setty Md

Emergency Medicine

After an endothelial injury, a fibrin and platelet cap forms. This cap is typically sterile but in times of infection can become colonized by microbes leading to a vegetation. When this occurs on the endothelium of the heart, it is termed infective endocarditis (IE). IE is a difficult diagnosis to make in the ED. The symptoms are vague. Classic exam findings are often absent, murmur auscultation can be challenging and there is not a single diagnostic test. A delayed or missed diagnosis can be fatal; therefore, it is essential that ED physicians maintain a high index of suspicion in high …

Effects Of Maternal Protein Restriction On The Pulmonary Surfactant System During The Early Life And Adulthood, Reza Khazaee

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is defined by low birth weight and contributes to a variety of adult-onset diseases with different severities between males and females. However, the effects of FGR on the pulmonary surfactant are not fully elucidated. In this thesis, first, we investigated the FGR effects on the lung function and the surfactant system at the early postnatal life. It was hypothesized that FGR contributes to alterations of lung mechanics and the surfactant system during the neonatal period. Second, we assessed the FGR effects on the surfactant system in response to sepsis in adulthood. It was hypothesized that FGR …

Sepsis, Sarah Jones

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Sepsis is a dysregulation of the inflammatory response, termed systemic inflammatory response syndrome or SIRS, caused by stimulation of an infectious process. Sepsis often leads to organ dysfunction and increased morbidity, mortality and financial burdens. The goal of treatment is to initiate appropriate antimicrobial therapies, target the underlying infection, optimize intravascular volume, provide fluid resuscitation and maintain adequate perfusion and stroke volume (Taeb, Hooper & Marik, 2017).

Timing of treatment and early detection of sepsis is critical to patients with early warning signs. Sharing this information and potentially making a difference in the outcomes of patients presenting with early signs …

Sepsis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Classification, Biomarkers And Management, Noah Pirozzi, Nima Rejali, Matthew Brennan, Anuj Vohra, Trevor Mcginley, Murali G. Krishna

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (Middletown) Publications and Research

Every physician has been trained early in their careers on how to recognize and manage sepsis. Although sepsis has been one of the most researched ailments in medicine, it also remains one of the deadliest diseases in the face of recent advances. In this current article, we review the diagnostic and management criteria for Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock, and Multi Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS). We then examine the implications of the “surviving sepsis” campaign as well as explore the philosophy of Early Goal Directed Therapy (EGDT) and its role in the modern day management …

Sepsis-Review Of Screening For Sepsis By Nursing, Nurse Driven Sepsis Protocols And Development Of Sepsis Hospital Policy/Protocols, Matthew Mccaffery, Omobola Onikoyi, Dilisha Rodrigopulle, Ali Syed, Suzanne Jones, Laura Mansfield, Murali G. Krishna

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (Middletown) Publications and Research

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. In order to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis in patients, early detection is vital, and so screening protocols have been developed. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign has developed an evidence based screening guideline that has been adapted by various institutions. Having specific criteria in detecting a septic patient is the defining factor in screening for sepsis by nursing staff. In order for the sepsis protocol to be effective, it is necessary that nursing and other front line staff be educated. Institutional barriers regarding implementation of …

The Effects Of Lipoxin A4 (Lxa4) On Neutrophil Biology In Sepsis, Benedict Wu

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Theses and Dissertations

During sepsis, neutrophils are inappropriately activated and have prolonged lifespans, thus becoming dysfunctional. Excessive neutrophil activation can lead to tissue injury while neutrophil dysfunction can lead to decreased free radical production and reduced phagocytosis, preventing the host from clearing preexisting infections. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a specialized pro-resolution mediator which reduces neutrophil migration and expression of proinflammatory mediators. Intact neutrophil functions are critical for the host to efficiently clear invading pathogens. The effects of LXA4 on neutrophil function in sepsis have not been established. Using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis, LXA4 administered 1 h after sepsis …