Diseases Commons^™

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Efficacy Of Semaglutide In The Step Program, Anastassia Amaro, Neil S. Skolnik, Danny Sugimoto

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

People with overweight or obesity often suffer from associated cardiometabolic diseases and comorbidities. Current therapies for obesity include lifestyle intervention, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy. The magnitude of weight loss achieved with these therapies can determine the level of improvement in various comorbidities. Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of obesity. This article reviews data from the global phase 3 Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) program, comparing the efficacy of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo for weight loss and …

Dietary Strawberries Improve Serum Metabolites Of Cardiometabolic Risks In Adults With Features Of The Metabolic Syndrome In A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial, Arpita Basu, Kenneth Izuora, Andrew Hooyman, Hal R. Scofield, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Dietary strawberries have been shown to improve cardiometabolic risks in multiple clinical trials. However, no studies have reported effects on serum metabolomic profiles that may identify the target pathways affected by strawberries as underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 14-week randomized, controlled crossover study in which participants with features of metabolic syndrome were assigned to one of the three arms for four weeks separated by a one-week washout period: control powder, 1 serving (low dose: 13 g strawberry powder/day), or 2.5 servings (high dose: 32 g strawberry powder/day). Blood samples, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and dietary and physical activity data were …

A Low-Fat/Sucrose Diet Rich In Complex Carbohydrates Reverses High-Fat/Sucrose Diet-Induced Corneal Dysregulation, Prince K Akowuah, Carolina Lema, Rolando E Rumbaut, Alan R Burns

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High-fat/sucrose diet feeding in mice causes loss of corneal nerve function and impairs corneal wound healing. While changing to a diet with a low fat/sugar composition and enrichments in complex carbohydrates mitigates the reduction in nerve function, it remains to be determined if it has an effect on corneal wound healing. In this study, 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat/sucrose diet for 20 weeks. A third group (diet reversal) was placed on a high-fat/sucrose diet for 10 weeks followed by a normal diet for an additional 10 weeks. A central corneal epithelial abrasion …

High Body Mass Index Changes Peri-Tumor Adipose Tissue Which In Turn Promotes Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Cora Elizabeth Miracle

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, responsible for over half a million deaths each year. There are multiple risk factors associated with the development of cancer. Some of these risks include genetics, smoking, and most recently, obesity (Lewandowska et al., 2019) (De Pergola & Silvestris, 2013). Research has shown that obesity is linked to the promotion of fourteen different cancers, including aggressive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Patients that are obese are more likely to develop cancer (Park et al., 2014). In addition, if the patient is obese at the time of a cancer diagnosis, they …

Sex Differences In Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In Youth With Obesity, Lucrecia Valdez

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents is rising, with 13% having elevated blood pressure and 5% having hypertension. Sex differences play a role in cardiovascular diseases in adults but are not well defined in youth. The objective of this study is to identify sex differences in obesity-mediated cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. Methods: This is a pilot study of n=82 youth with obesity recruited from a High BMI Clinic. Clinical data and blood samples were collected at a single time point. Serum sterols were quantified via LC-MS/MS. Number of cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated. Data are mean …

Non-Pharmaceutical Symptom Management In Patients With Pcos, Allison Stern

Capstone Showcase

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a relatively common diagnosis among biological females. There are many variations of presentations among patients with PCOS that require an individualized and tailored treatment plan for symptom management. Although there are pharmaceutical medications that can be used for PCOS symptoms, some patients’ symptoms might not be fully managed, or they might prefer to focus on non-pharmaceutical options for their symptoms instead. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to be familiar with alternatives to the mainstay of pharmaceutical treatment.

The Short- And Long-Term Readmission Of Four Major Categories Of Digestive System Cancers: Does Obesity Or Metabolic Disorder Matter?, Yan Li, Xiaoqin Wu, Yongfeng Song, Peipei Wang, Bofei Zhang, Bingzhou Guo, Ziwei Liu, Yafei Wu, Shanshan Shao, Yiping Cheng, Honglin Guo, Xiude Fan, Jiajun Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Patients with digestive system cancers (DSCs) are at a high risk for hospitalizations; however, the risk factors for readmission remain unknown. Here, we established a retrospective cohort study to assess the association between metabolic obesity phenotypes and readmission risks of DSC.

Experimental design: A total of 142,753 and 74,566 patients at index hospitalization were ultimately selected from the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) 2018 to establish the 30-day and 180-day readmission cohorts, respectively. The study population was classified into four groups: metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Multivariate Cox …

Inverse Association Between Gluteofemoral Obesity And Risk Of Non-Cardia Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia, Andre G Jove, Hudson M Holmes, Mimi C Tan, Hashem B El-Serag, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: It is unclear whether obesity confers increased risk of non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma and its precursor, gastric intestinal metaplasia. Here, we examined whether various dimensions of adiposity independently predispose to the development of non-cardia gastric intestinal metaplasia.

METHODS: We compared data from 409 non-cardia gastric intestinal metaplasia cases and 1748 controls without any gastric intestinal metaplasia from a cross-sectional study at the VA Medical Center in Houston, Texas. Participants completed standardized questionnaires, underwent anthropometric measurements, and underwent a study endoscopy with gastric mapping biopsies. Non-cardia gastric intestinal metaplasia cases included participants with intestinal metaplasia on any non-cardia gastric …

Weight Strategy In Older Adults With Obesity: Calorie Restriction Or Not?, Georgia Colleluori, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Along with the marked increase in the population of older adults with obesity is the need for effective strategies to treat aging- and obesity-related complications. This review highlights recent progress in obesity management in older adults.

RECENT FINDINGS: Although calorie restriction is needed to significantly reduce fat mass, an exercise protocol is crucial to ameliorate functional outcomes. The addition of a resistance exercise protocol improves the response of muscle protein synthesis to anabolic stimuli, preventing the calorie restriction-induced reduction in muscle and bone mass. The addition of an aerobic exercise protocol improves cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function. …

Development Of A Clinical Prediction Model For Diabetes In Chronic Pancreatitis: The Predict3c Study, Christie Jeon, Phil A Hart, Liang Li, Yunlong Yang, Eleanor Chang, Melena D Bellin, William E Fisher, Evan L Fogel, Christopher E Forsmark, Walter G Park, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Santhi Swaroop Vege, Jose Serrano, David C Whitcomb, Dana K Andersen, Darwin L Conwell, Dhiraj Yadav, Mark O Goodarzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes that arises from chronic pancreatitis (CP) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Methods to predict which patients with CP are at greatest risk for diabetes are urgently needed. We aimed to examine independent risk factors for diabetes in a large cohort of patients with CP.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised 645 individuals with CP enrolled in the PROCEED study, of whom 276 had diabetes. We conducted univariable and multivariable regression analyses of potential risk factors for diabetes. Model performance was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis, and accuracy was …

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Middle-Aged And Older Adult Vietnamese American Members Of A Northern California Health Plan, Donna B Haysbert, Joan C Lo, Nirmala D Ramalingam, Nancy P Gordon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing recognition that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors vary by Asian subgroups. We examined CVD risk factor prevalence among Vietnamese adults in a northern California health plan.

METHODS: We used electronic health record data to examine smoking, overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m

RESULTS: Current smoking prevalence was 20.3% for middle-aged men, 7.0% for older men, and

CONCLUSIONS: Study results suggest that more research on health conditions, lifestyle, and social factors among Vietnamese American adults is needed to develop culturally competent interventions to reduce CVD risk in this growing ethnic group.

Indices Of Sarcopenic Obesity Are Important Predictors Of Finite Element Analysis-Derived Bone Strength In Older Adults With Obesity, Giulia Gregori, Arjun Paudyal, Yoann Barnouin, Alessandra Celli, Martha Belen Segoviano-Escobar, Reina Armamento-Villareal, Nicola Napoli, Clifford Qualls, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The expanding population of older adults with obesity is a public health challenge, in part, because of the increased risk of fractures despite normal or high bone mineral density. Potential factors predisposing to fractures in this group include sarcopenia associated with obesity and impaired bone quality. We aimed to determine the contribution of sarcopenic obesity (SO) indices to bone strength as assessed by microfinite element analysis (μFEA) of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).

METHODS: One-hundred eighty-nine older (age ≥ 65 years) adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m

RESULTS: Both ALM/W and HGS were positively correlated explaining 28% …

Childhood And Adolescent Obesity: Related Comorbidities And Interventions, Jasmine Wong

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background

The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity in the United States has steadily risen over the years and has become a public health concern. Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex. Obese children and adolescents are at risk for poor health and poor quality of life. Furthermore, there are numerous comorbidities associated with childhood and adolescent obesity. While some of the associated diseases are acute, others can become chronic and result in lifelong conditions.

Objective

The purpose of the present thesis is to explore …

Effects Of Home-Based High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Continuous Walking On Cognition In Overweight And Obese Women, Kelsey C. Bourbeau

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether six weeks of home-based high-intensity interval training versus six weeks of moderate-intensity walking improves cognition, depression, and anxiety in women that are overweight or obese. Design: A randomized control trial design. Subjects: Twelve sedentary women characterized as overweight or obese were randomized into either a six-week home-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 6, 26.6 ± 8.9 years, 37.4 ± 4.9% body fat) group or a six-week moderate-intensity walking (Walk, n = 6, 22.5 ± 3.7 years, 40.2 ± 4.1% body fat) group. Main Measures: Pre- and post-intervention, participants …

Weekly Telehealth Weigh-In For Bmi Reduction, Kelly Ahmad

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The citizens of the United States are known for being overweight or obese. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2021) reported that approximately 74% of adults are either overweight or obese. PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was In overweight adults (P), does telemonitoring weekly for counseling and weigh-in (I) compared to current practice (C) decrease BMI over an 8-week period of time (T)? Evidence: The citizens of the United States are known for being overweight or obese. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2021) reported that approximately 74% of …

Dawn-To-Dusk Dry Fasting Induces Anti-Atherosclerotic, Anti-Inflammatory, And Anti-Tumorigenic Proteome In Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome, Ayse L Mindikoglu, Jihwan Park, Antone R Opekun, Mustafa M Abdulsada, Zoe R Wilhelm, Prasun K Jalal, Sridevi Devaraj, Sung Yun Jung

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome characterized by abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose and triglyceride levels and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is associated with pro-inflammatory state, increased risk for atherosclerosis, and multiple cancers. Our previous results on subjects with metabolic syndrome showed that 4-week dawn-to-dusk (sunset) dry fasting resulted in significant changes in the serum proteome and improvement in several metabolic risk factors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proteomics is a powerful tool that can provide mechanistic insights into how dawn-to-dusk dry fasting affects protein expression in metabolic pathways at cellular level. In this study, we determined whether dawn-to-dusk …

Mediterranean-Style Diet And Exercise Improve Parameters For Management And Prevention Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Stefani Ann Derrick

Master's Theses

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition recognized as the inability to maintain glucose homeostasis, typically presenting with insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. With the prevalence of T2DM and major risk factors such as prediabetes and obesity increasing each year, there is a crucial need to identify strategies for the management and prevention of this condition. Addressing lifestyle-related risk factors through consumption of a well-balanced, nutritious diet and maintaining regular moderate- to high-intensity physical activity may provide a strategy for improving glycemic control, improving metrics of body composition, and decreasing the inflammatory response associated with metabolic dysregulation. Twenty-two …

The Enigma Of Primary Hypertension In Childhood, Bonita Falkner

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Beginning in the 1970s, hypertension in children and adolescents has been defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) that is equal to or greater than the 95th percentile of the normal BP distribution in healthy children. The definition of hypertension in adults is based on longitudinal data that links a BP level with an increased risk for subsequent adverse outcomes related to hypertension including heart failure, kidney failure, stroke, or death. The statistical definition of hypertension continues to be used in childhood because there have been no data that link a BP level in childhood with a heightened risk …

The Roles Of Sleep And Eating Patterns In Adiposity Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children, Amy R Goetz, Ishita Jindal, Jennette P Moreno, Maurice R Puyau, Anne L Adolph, Salma Musaad, Nancy F Butte, Fida Bacha

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Short sleep durations are related to risks for obesity in preschool children. However, the underlying mechanism or mechanisms are not clear.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the relationships between sleep characteristics and body composition, energetics, and weight-regulating behaviors in preschool-aged children, as well as the longitudinal associations between children's sleep and eating patterns and body composition at a 1-year follow-up.

METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 118 children aged 3-5 years. Sleep (duration, midpoint, regularity) and physical activity (PA) were measured by accelerometry over 6 consecutive days; total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water …

Conference Proceedings: Select Abstracts Presented At Advocate Aurora Scientific Day 2022

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The abstracts published in this supplement were presented at the 48th annual Advocate Aurora Scientific Day on May 25, 2022. This scholarly symposium provides a closed forum for sharing preliminary results from research studies conducted by faculty physicians and nurses, fellows, residents, scientists, and other health professionals associated with U.S. Midwest-based health system Advocate Aurora Health, publisher of the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews.

Association Of Prediagnosis Obesity And Postdiagnosis Aspirin With Survival From Stage Iv Colorectal Cancer, Jennifer S Davis, Janelle C Chavez, Melissa Kok, Yazmin San Miguel, Hwa Young Lee, Henry Henderson, Michael J Overman, Van Morris, Bryan Kee, David Fogelman, Shailesh M Advani, Benny Johnson, Christine Parseghian, John Paul Shen, Arvind Dasari, Kenna R Shaw, Eduardo Vilar, Kanwal P Raghav, Imad Shureiqi, Robert A Wolff, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Dipen Maru, David G Menter, Scott Kopetz, Shine Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The potential relationship between obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcome is poorly understood in patients with late-stage disease. Increased body mass index may negate aspirin use for cancer prevention, but its role as a factor on the effectiveness of postdiagnosis aspirin use is unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how prediagnosis obesity and postdiagnosis aspirin use may be associated with overall survival in patients with late-stage colorectal cancer.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used self-reported data from patients with metastatic or treatment-refractory disease who consented to a clinical protocol at MD Anderson Cancer Center, a large US cancer treatment …

Does Crime Trigger Genetic Risk For Type 2 Diabetes In Young Adults? A G X E Interaction Study Using National Data, Fangqi Guo, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Jason D. Boardman, Jennifer W. Robinette

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Living in neighborhoods perceived as disordered exacerbates genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults. It is unknown whether this gene-neighborhood interaction extends to younger adults. The present study aims to investigate whether crime, an objectively measured indicator of neighborhood disorder, triggers genetic risk for T2D among younger adults, and whether this hypothesized triggering occurs through exposure to obesity.

Methods

Data were from the Wave I (2008) National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. A standardized T2D polygenic score was created using 2014 GWAS meta-analysis results. Weighted mediation analyses using generalized structural equation models were conducted …

Investigating The Correlation Between Lpr & Obesity, Andrew S. Franklin Bs, Chad A. Nieri Bs, M. Boyd Gillespie Md

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Objectives: To determine whether Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) findings of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) correlate with obesity, gender, Epworth Sleepiness scale, and OSA severity.

Study design: Single center retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patients greater than 18 years of age who underwent DISE by one surgeon at a tertiary care center from July 2016 to July 2022 were included. DISE findings, patient characteristics, demographics, polysomnogram(s), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale(s) were extracted. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and independent sample t-test was used to compare continuous variables. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.

Results: …

Changing Global Epidemiology Of Liver Cancer From 2010 To 2019: Nash Is The Fastest Growing Cause Of Liver Cancer, Daniel Q Huang, Amit G Singal, Yuko Kono, Darren J H Tan, Hashem B El-Serag, Rohit Loomba

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Liver cancer epidemiology is changing due to increasing alcohol consumption, rising prevalence of obesity, and advances in hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. However, the impact of these changes on global liver cancer burden remains unclear. We estimated global and regional temporal trends in the burden of liver cancer and the contributions of various liver disease etiologies using the methodology framework of the Global Burden of Disease study. Between 2010 and 2019, there was a 25% increase in liver cancer deaths. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) increased only in the Americas and remained stable or fell in …

Activating Connexin43 Gap Junctions Primes Adipose Tissue For Therapeutic Intervention, Yi Zhu, Na Li, Mingyang Huang, Xi Chen, Yu A An, Jianping Li, Shangang Zhao, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Jianhong Cao, Zhenyan He, Qingzhang Zhu, Zhuzhen Zhang, Zhao V Wang, Lin Xu, Kevin W Williams, Chien Li, Kevin Grove, Philipp E Scherer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Adipose tissue is a promising target for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. However, pharmacological agents usually fail to effectively engage adipocytes due to their extraordinarily large size and insufficient vascularization, especially in obese subjects. We have previously shown that during cold exposure, connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions are induced and activated to connect neighboring adipocytes to share limited sympathetic neuronal input amongst multiple cells. We reason the same mechanism may be leveraged to improve the efficacy of various pharmacological agents that target adipose tissue. Using an adipose tissue-specific Cx43 overexpression mouse model, we demonstrate effectiveness in connecting adipocytes to augment metabolic …

An Exercise-Inducible Metabolite That Suppresses Feeding And Obesity, Veronica L Li, Yang He, Kévin Contrepois, Hailan Liu, Joon T Kim, Amanda L Wiggenhorn, Julia T Tanzo, Alan Sheng-Hwa Tung, Xuchao Lyu, Peter-James H Zushin, Robert S Jansen, Basil Michael, Kang Yong Loh, Andrew C Yang, Christian S Carl, Christian T Voldstedlund, Wei Wei, Stephanie M Terrell, Benjamin C Moeller, Rick M Arthur, Gareth A Wallis, Koen Van De Wetering, Andreas Stahl, Bente Kiens, Erik A Richter, Steven M Banik, Michael P Snyder, Yong Xu, Jonathan Z Long

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Exercise confers robust protection against obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other cardiometabolic diseases.1–5 However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the metabolic benefits of physical activity remain unclear.6 Here we show that exercise stimulates production of Lac-Phe, a blood-borne signaling metabolite that suppresses feeding and obesity. Lac-Phe biosynthesis from lactate occurs in CNDP2+ cells including immune cells, epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells localized to diverse organs. In diet-induced obese mice, pharmacological elevation of circulating Lac-Phe reduces food intake without affecting movement or energy expenditure. Chronic administration of Lac-Phe decreases adiposity and body weight and …

Constitutive Loss Of Dnmt3a Causes Morbid Obesity Through Misregulation Of Adipogenesis, Ayala Tovy, Jaime M Reyes, Linda Zhang, Yung-Hsin Huang, Carina Rosas, Alexes C Daquinag, Anna Guzman, Raghav Ramabadran, Chun-Wei Chen, Tianpeng Gu, Sinjini Gupta, Laura Ortinau, Dongsu Park, Aaron R Cox, Rachel E Rau, Sean M Hartig, Mikhail G Kolonin, Margaret A Goodell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

DNA Methyltransferase 3 A (DNMT3A) is an important facilitator of differentiation of both embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells. Heterozygous germline mutations in DNMT3A lead to Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome (TBRS), characterized by obesity and excessive height. While DNMT3A is known to impact feeding behavior via the hypothalamus, here we investigated a role in adipocyte progenitors utilizing heterozygous knockout mice that recapitulate cardinal TBRS phenotypes. These mice become morbidly obese due to adipocyte enlargement and tissue expansion. Adipose tissue in these mice exhibited defects in preadipocyte maturation and precocious activation of inflammatory gene networks, including interleukin-6 signaling. Adipocyte progenitor cell lines lacking DNMT3A …

Health Equity & Obesity Management: An Improvement Project In A Federally Qualified Healthcare Center In Central Harlem, Brianna Bouchez

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Description of the problem: Obesity is a growing healthcare problem worldwide with extraordinary costs to the individual's health and the healthcare system. Individuals most affected by obesity include socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, often with limited resources to seek specialized care.

Available knowledge: Various weight-loss interventions exist but access and success rates vary. Weight loss is often modest and additional factors such as social determinants of health, health literacy, and patient motivation are all factors important to the success of an intervention.

Specific Aims: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve self-regulatory weight loss behaviors and increase weight loss …

Feasibility And Efficacy Of Bisphosphonate Use For The Prevention Of Bone And Muscle Loss, Laura E. Flores

Theses & Dissertations

Loss of bone and muscle mass often occurs in tandem, increasing the risk of fragility fractures. Whereas many drugs are approved for the treatment of bone loss, there are few treatments available for the concomitant loss of bone and muscle. Identification of a treatment to mitigate pathologic bone and muscle atrophy has the potential to impact countless populations and influence approaches for healthy aging. Bisphosphonates have emerged as a potential treatment for both bone and muscle loss in cellular, murine, and observational human studies. Our findings of modest weight maintenance in postmenopausal women treated with 12-months of risedronate, relative to …

Burden Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Disease In Five Asian Groups In Catalonia: A Disaggregated, Population-Based Analysis Of 121 000 First-Generation Asian Immigrants, Priyanka Satish, Emili Vela, Usama Bilal, Montse Cleries, Alka M Kanaya, Namratha Kandula, Salim S Virani, Nadia Islam, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Tamer Yahya, Josep Comin-Colet, Khurram Nasir, Josepa Mauri, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS: To evaluate the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease (CVD) among five Asian groups living in Catalonia (Spain): Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Filipino, and Chinese.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Retrospective cohort study using the Catalan Health Surveillance System database including 42 488 Pakistanis, 40 745 Chinese, 21 705 Indians, 9544 Filipinos, and 6907 Bangladeshis; and 5.3 million native individuals ('locals'). We estimated the age-adjusted prevalence (as of 31 December 2019) and incidence (during 2019) of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, tobacco use, coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure (HF). Bangladeshis had the highest prevalence of diabetes …