Diseases Commons^™

Aerosol Production With Surgical Instrumentation: Implications For Head And Neck Surgery In The Covid-19 Era, Garren M I Low, Bailey Leconte, Arturo A Eguia, Ashley Kim, Ron J Karni, Amber U Luong, Kunal S Jain

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Evaluating the aerosolization of droplets from surgical instruments to assess the implications of surgery in SARS-CoV-2 transmission for both patients and providers. Cadaver study. Outpatient surgery center. Aerosolized particles between 0.3 and 25 microns were measured. Instruments tested included monopolar cautery with and without suction, bipolar cautery, a bipolar vessel sealing device, and tissue scissors. Each trial was compared to a background reading. Monopolar cautery without suction, Ligasure used continuously and Bipolar cautery produced the most aerosols. Monopolar cautery with simultaneous suction produced no detectable aerosols. Ligasure used for a single cycle produced notably fewer aerosols than during continuous use. …

Clinical And Pathological Characteristics And Outcomes Among Patients With Subcutaneous Panniculitis-Like T-Cell Lymphoma And Related Adipotropic Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Joan Guitart, Aaron R Mangold, Maria Estela Martinez-Escala, Christina J Walker, Nneka I Comfere, Mellissa Pulitzer, Kerri E Rieger, Carlos A Torres-Cabala, Laura B Pincus, Erica S Kumar, Erica Bo Kyung Wang, Katherine E Park, Maria L Espinosa, Madeleine Duvic, Youn H Kim, Steven Horwitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: There is a knowledge gap about subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) owing to its rarity and diagnostic difficulty, resulting in an absence of well-documented large case series published to date.

OBJECTIVE: To generate consensus knowledge by a joint multi-institutional review of SPTCL and related conditions.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective clinical and pathological review included cases initially diagnosed as SPTCL at 6 large US academic centers. All cases were reviewed by a group of pathologists, dermatologists, and oncologists with expertise in cutaneous lymphomas. Through a process of group consensus applying defined clinical and pathological diagnostic criteria, the cohort …

American Association Of Endocrine Surgeons Guidelines For Adrenalectomy: Executive Summary, Linwah Yip, Quan-Yang Duh, Heather Wachtel, Camilo Jimenez, Cord Sturgeon, Cortney Lee, David Velázquez-Fernández, Eren Berber, Gary D Hammer, Irina Bancos, James A Lee, Jamie Marko, Lilah F Morris-Wiseman, Marybeth S Hughes, Masha J Livhits, Mi-Ah Han, Philip W Smith, Scott Wilhelm, Sylvia L Asa, Thomas J Fahey, Travis J Mckenzie, Vivian E Strong, Nancy D Perrier

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Adrenalectomy is the definitive treatment for multiple adrenal abnormalities. Advances in technology and genomics and an improved understanding of adrenal pathophysiology have altered operative techniques and indications.

OBJECTIVE: To develop evidence-based recommendations to enhance the appropriate, safe, and effective approaches to adrenalectomy.

EVIDENCE REVIEW: A multidisciplinary panel identified and investigated 7 categories of relevant clinical concern to practicing surgeons. Questions were structured in the framework Population, Intervention/Exposure, Comparison, and Outcome, and a guided review of medical literature from PubMed and/or Embase from 1980 to 2021 was performed. Recommendations were developed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology …

Thromboembolism In Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome: A Literature Review, Neethu M Menon, Lakshmi V Srivaths

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a hyperinflammatory response observed in children several weeks to months after acute infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). On review of all published cases of thromboembolism (TE) as a complication of MIS-C, 33 cases of TE were found with incidence ranging from 1.4 to 6.5%. TE occurred mostly in children aged 12 years and above. One-third of the cases were cerebral infarcts and the remaining cases included intracardiac and radial arterial thromboses, upper and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and splenic infarcts. Five were asymptomatic cases and 3/33 (9%) …

Heterozygous Variants In Myh10 Associated With Neurodevelopmental Disorders And Congenital Anomalies With Evidence For Primary Cilia-Dependent Defects In Hedgehog Signaling, Alexander M Holtz, Rachel Vancoillie, Elizabeth A Vansickle, Deanna Alexis Carere, Kara Withrow, Erin Torti, Jane Juusola, Francisca Millan, Richard Person, Maria J Guillen Sacoto, Yue Si, Ingrid M Wentzensen, Jada Pugh, Georgia Vasileiou, Melissa Rieger, André Reis, Emanuela Argilli, Elliott H Sherr, Kimberly A Aldinger, William B Dobyns, Theresa Brunet, Julia Hoefele, Matias Wagner, Benjamin Haber, Urania Kotzaeridou, Boris Keren, Delphine Heron, Cyril Mignot, Solveig Heide, Thomas Courtin, Julien Buratti, Serini Murugasen, Kirsten A Donald, Emily O'Heir, Shade Moody, Katherine H Kim, Barbara K Burton, Grace Yoon, Miguel Del Campo, Diane Masser-Frye, Mariya Kozenko, Christina Parkinson, Susan L Sell, Patricia L Gordon, Jeremy W Prokop, Amel Karaa, Caleb Bupp, Benjamin A Raby

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Nonmuscle myosin II complexes are master regulators of actin dynamics that play essential roles during embryogenesis with vertebrates possessing 3 nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain genes, MYH9, MYH10, and MYH14. As opposed to MYH9 and MYH14, no recognizable disorder has been associated with MYH10. We sought to define the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanism of a novel autosomal dominant disorder related to MYH10.

METHODS: An international collaboration identified the patient cohort. CAS9-mediated knockout cell models were used to explore the mechanism of disease pathogenesis.

RESULTS: We identified a cohort of 16 individuals with heterozygous MYH10 variants presenting with a …

Cardio-Onco-Metabolism – Metabolic Vulnerabilities In Cancer And The Heart, Anja Karlstaedt, Heinrich Taegtmeyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic remodeling is a hallmark of both cancer and the failing heart. Tumors reprogram metabolism to optimize nutrient utilization and meet increased demands for energy provision, biosynthetic pathways, and proliferation. Shared risk factors for cancer and CVDs suggest intersecting mechanisms for disease pathogenesis and progression. In this review, we aim to highlight the role of metabolic remodeling in cancer and its potential to impair cardiac function. Understanding these mechanisms will help us develop biomarkers, better therapies, and identify patients at risk of developing heart disease after surviving cancer.

Clinical Relevance Of Proteomic Profiling In De Novo Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Children’S Oncology Group Study, Fieke W Hoff, Anneke D Van Dijk, Yihua Qiu, Chenyue W Hu, Rhonda E Ries, Andrew Ligeralde, Gaye N Jenkins, Robert B Gerbing, Alan S Gamis, Richard Aplenc, E Anders Kolb, Todd A Alonzo, Soheil Meshinchi, Amina A Qutub, Eveline S J M De Bont, Terzah M Horton, Steven M Kornblau

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a fatal disease for at least 30% of patients, stressing the need for improved therapies and better risk stratification. As proteins are the unifying feature of (epi)genetic and environmental alterations, and are often targeted by novel chemotherapeutic agents, we studied the proteomic landscape of pediatric AML. Protein expression and activation levels were measured in 500 bulk leukemic patients' samples and 30 control CD34+ cell samples, using reverse phase protein arrays with 296 strictly validated antibodies. The multistep MetaGalaxy analysis methodology was applied and identified nine protein expression signatures (PrSIG), based on strong recurrent protein …

Sex Differences In Clinical Outcomes And Biological Profiles In Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Post-Hoc Analysis Of Two Randomised Controlled Trials, Elizabeth R Volkmann, Donald P Tashkin, Richard Silver, Carol Feghali Bostwick, Shervin Assassi, Deanna Baker Frost, Mei Leng, Holly Wilhalme, Grace Hyun Kim, Jonathan Goldin, Michael D Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Observational studies have shown that men with systemic sclerosis have an increased risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and mortality compared with women. However, previous studies have not controlled for treatment effect or evaluated the biological mechanism or mechanisms underlying this sex difference. We aimed to compare ILD progression and long-term morbidity and mortality outcomes in male and female participants of two randomised controlled trials for systemic sclerosis-associated ILD.

METHODS: For this post-hoc analysis, data from all participants in the Scleroderma Lung Study (SLS) I and SLS II were analysed. The primary objective was to explore the effect of …

Nerve Density And Neuronal Biomarkers In Cancer, Shahrukh R Ali, Madeleine Jordan, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Moran Amit

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Certain histologic characteristics of neurons, novel neuronal biomarkers, and nerve density are emerging as important diagnostic and prognostic tools in several cancers. The tumor microenvironment has long been known to promote tumor development via promoting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation, but new evidence has shown that neural proliferation and invasion in the tumor microenvironment may also enable tumor growth. Specific neuronal components in peripheral nerves and their localization in certain tumor sites have been identified and associated with tumor aggressiveness. In addition, dense neural innervation has been shown to promote tumorigenesis. In this review, we will summarize the histological components of …

In Vivo Evaluation Of A New Hybrid Graft Using Retrograde Visceral Perfusion For Thoracoabdominal Aortic Repair In An Animal Model, Sabine Wipper, Harleen K Sandhu, Tilo Kölbel, Anthony L Estrera, Constantin Trepte, Christoph Behem, Charles C Miller, E Sebastian Debus

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: The SPIDER technique for hybrid thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair can avoid thoracotomy and extracorporeal circulation. To improve technical feasibility and safety, the new Thoracoflo graft, consisting of a proximal stent graft connected to a 7-branched abdominal prosthesis, was evaluated in a pig model for technical feasibility testing, before implantation in humans.

METHODS: Retroperitoneal exposure of the infradiaphragmatic aorta, including visceral and renal arteries, was performed in 7 pigs (75-85 kg). One iliac branch was temporarily attached to the distal aorta to maintain retrograde visceral and antegrade iliac perfusion after deployment of the thoracic stent graft segment (SPIDER technique). The …

Adhering To Eat And Exercise Status During Radiotherapy For Oropharyngeal Cancer For Prevention And Mitigation Of Radiotherapy-Associated Dysphagia, Carly E A Barbon, Christine B Peterson, Amy C Moreno, Stephen Y Lai, Jay P Reddy, Ariana Sahli, Rosemary Martino, Faye M Johnson, Clifton David Fuller, Katherine A Hutcheson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Previously published work reported independent benefit of maintenance of oral intake (eat) and swallowing exercise adherence (exercise) during radiotherapy (RT) on diet and functional outcomes. The current study seeks to validate the authors' previously published findings in a large contemporary cohort of patients with oropharynx cancer (OPC) and address limitations of the prior retrospective study using prospective, validated outcome measures.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the longitudinal association of oral intake and swallowing exercise using validated, clinician-graded and patient-reported outcomes.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Secondary analysis of a prospective OPC registry including patients who underwent primary RT/chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or primary transoral …

Self-Expanding Transcatheter Vs Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement In Intermediate-Risk Patients: 5-Year Outcomes Of The Surtavi Randomized Clinical Trial, Nicolas M Van Mieghem, G Michael Deeb, Lars Søndergaard, Eberhard Grube, Stephan Windecker, Hemal Gada, Mubashir Mumtaz, Peter S Olsen, John C Heiser, William Merhi, Neal S Kleiman, Stanley J Chetcuti, Thomas G Gleason, Joon Sup Lee, Wen Cheng, Raj R Makkar, Juan Crestanello, Barry George, Isaac George, Susheel Kodali, Steven J Yakubov, Patrick W Serruys, Rüdiger Lange, Nicolo Piazza, Mathew R Williams, Jae K Oh, David H Adams, Shuzhen Li, Michael J Reardon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: In patients with severe aortic valve stenosis at intermediate surgical risk, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a self-expanding supra-annular valve was noninferior to surgery for all-cause mortality or disabling stroke at 2 years. Comparisons of longer-term clinical and hemodynamic outcomes in these patients are limited.

OBJECTIVE: To report prespecified secondary 5-year outcomes from the Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis in Intermediate Risk Subjects Who Need Aortic Valve Replacement (SURTAVI) randomized clinical trial.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: SURTAVI is a prospective randomized, unblinded clinical trial. Randomization was stratified by investigational site and need for revascularization determined by the local heart teams. …

First-In-Human Study Of An Ox40 (Ivuxolimab) And 4-1bb (Utomilumab) Agonistic Antibody Combination In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Omid Hamid, Alberto A Chiappori, John A Thompson, Toshihiko Doi, Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Ferry A L M Eskens, Willeke Ros, Adi Diab, Jean-Philippe Spano, Naiyer A Rizvi, Jeffrey S Wasser, Eric Angevin, Patrick A Ott, Alison Forgie, Wenjing Yang, Cen Guo, Jeffrey Chou, Anthony B El-Khoueiry

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Ivuxolimab (PF-04518600) and utomilumab (PF-05082566) are humanized agonistic IgG2 monoclonal antibodies against OX40 and 4-1BB, respectively. This first-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase I, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study explored safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of ivuxolimab+utomilumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods: Dose-escalation: patients with advanced bladder, gastric, or cervical cancer, melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were unresponsive to available therapies, had no standard therapy available or declined standard therapy were enrolled into five dose cohorts: ivuxolimab (0.1-3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W)) intravenously plus utomilumab (20 or 100 mg every …

Noninvasive Respiratory Support Does Not Prevent Extubation Failure In High-Risk Norwood Patients, Adel M Hassan, Sebastian Acosta, Feng Zheng, Craig Rusin, Fabio Savorgnan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

UNLABELLED: This study aims to determine whether bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) effectively mitigate the risk of extubation failure in children status post-Norwood procedure.

DESIGN: Single-center, retrospective analysis. Extubation events were collected from January 2015 to July 2021. Extubation failure was defined as the need for reintubation within 48 hours of extubation. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and ventilatory settings were compared between successful and failed extubations.

SETTING: Pediatric cardiovascular ICU.

PATIENTS: Neonates following Norwood procedure.

INTERVENTIONS: Extubation following the Norwood procedure.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The analysis included 311 extubations. Extubation failure occurred in 31 …

The Development And Initial Validation Of The Promis®+Hf-27 And Promis+Hf-10 Profiles, Faraz S Ahmad, Kathryn L Jackson, Susan E Yount, Nan E Rothrock, Michael A Kallen, Leilani Lacson, Karl Y Bilimoria, Abel N Kho, Raja Kannan Mutharasan, Peter A Mccullough, Jeffrey Bruckel, Savitri Fedson, Stephen E Kimmel, David T Eton, Kathleen L Grady, Clyde W Yancy, David Cella

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Aims: Heart failure (HF) is a common and morbid condition impacting multiple health domains. We previously reported the development of the PROMIS®-Plus-HF (PROMIS+HF) profile measure, including universal and HF-specific items. To facilitate use, we developed shorter, PROMIS+HF profiles intended for research and clinical use.

Methods and results: Candidate items were selected based on psychometric properties and symptom range coverage. HF clinicians (n = 43) rated item importance and clinical actionability. Based on these results, we developed the PROMIS+HF-27 and PROMIS+HF-10 profiles with summary scores (0-100) for overall, physical, mental, and social health. In a cross-sectional sample (n = 600), we …

Systematically Higher Ki67 Scores On Core Biopsy Samples Compared To Corresponding Resection Specimen In Breast Cancer: A Multi-Operator And Multi-Institutional Study, Balazs Acs, Samuel C Y Leung, Kelley M Kidwell, Indu Arun, Renaldas Augulis, Sunil S Badve, Yalai Bai, Anita L Bane, John M S Bartlett, Jane Bayani, Gilbert Bigras, Annika Blank, Henk Buikema, Martin C Chang, Robin L Dietz, Andrew Dodson, Susan Fineberg, Cornelia M Focke, Dongxia Gao, Allen M Gown, Carolina Gutierrez, Johan Hartman, Zuzana Kos, Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm, Arvydas Laurinavicius, Richard M Levenson, Rustin Mahboubi-Ardakani, Mauro G Mastropasqua, Sharon Nofech-Mozes, C Kent Osborne, Frédérique M Penault-Llorca, Tammy Piper, Mary Anne Quintayo, Tilman T Rau, Stefan Reinhard, Stephanie Robertson, Roberto Salgado, Tomoharu Sugie, Bert Van Der Vegt, Giuseppe Viale, Lila A Zabaglo, Daniel F Hayes, Mitch Dowsett, Torsten O Nielsen, David L Rimm, International Ki67 In Breast Cancer Working Group Of The Breast International Group And North American Breast Cancer Group (Big-Nabcg)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Ki67 has potential clinical importance in breast cancer but has yet to see broad acceptance due to inter-laboratory variability. Here we tested an open source and calibrated automated digital image analysis (DIA) platform to: (i) investigate the comparability of Ki67 measurement across corresponding core biopsy and resection specimen cases, and (ii) assess section to section differences in Ki67 scoring. Two sets of 60 previously stained slides containing 30 core-cut biopsy and 30 corresponding resection specimens from 30 estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients were sent to 17 participating labs for automated assessment of average Ki67 expression. The blocks were centrally cut …

Arthritis Prediction Of Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis In Hfe Hemochromatosis, Lauren Andersson, Lawrie W. Powell, Louise E. Ramm, Grant A. Ramm, John K. Olynyk

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To evaluate whether arthritis predicts the likelihood of advanced hepatic fibrosis in HFE hemochromatosis.

Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of 112 well-characterized patients with HFE hemochromatosis and liver biopsy–validated fibrosis staging recruited between January 1, 1983, and December 31, 2013. Complete clinical, biochemical, hematologic, and noninvasive serum biochemical indices (aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index [APRI] and fibrosis 4 index [FIB4]) were available. Scheuer fibrosis stages 3 and 4, APRI greater than 0.44, or FIB4 greater than 1.1 were used to define advanced hepatic fibrosis. Comparisons between groups were performed using categorical analysis, unpaired or …

Keeping Our Bodies And Minds Healthy Is Crucial, Grace Miller

Community Reflections

In my history class, I was asked to submit a part of my paper to the archive. The question asked "What would you want future generations to know about what life during the COVID pandemic was like?" I responded my offering my observations during the quarantine followed by what I think could be learned from the patterns I experienced during that time.

A Qualitative Exploration Of Social Support In Males And Females Experiencing Issues With Infertility., Maya Pinzon, Shawna Rotoli

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to qualitatively investigate and compare male and female experiences of infertility in the context of social support.

METHODS: A Qualtrics survey (Qualtrics, Provo, Utah, United States) was posted to online fertility support groups and the responses were thematically analyzed. Only participants that completed the qualitative component of the survey were included in the study. Responses were subsequently thematically analyzed.

RESULTS: A sample of 110 participants (13 males and 97 females) were included in the present study. Thematic analyses revealed that isolation and loneliness, stigma, sentiments of misunderstanding, insensitive reactions, and others' unhelpful attempts …

Video-Urodynamics Efficacy Of Sacral Neuromodulation For Neurogenic Bladder Guided By Three-Dimensional Imaging Ct And C-Arm Fluoroscopy: A Single-Center Prospective Study, Shuaishuai Shan, Wen Zhu, Guoxian Zhang, Qinyong Zhang, Yingyu Che, Jianguo Wen, Qingwei Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To assess the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for neurogenic bladder (NB), guided by intraoperative three-dimensional imaging of sacral computed tomography (CT) and mobile C-arm fluoroscopy through video-urodynamics examination. We enrolled 52 patients with NB who underwent conservative treatment with poor results between September 2019 and June 2021 and prospectively underwent SNM guided by intraoperative three-dimensional imaging of sacral CT and mobile C-arm fluoroscopy. Video-urodynamics examination, voiding diary, quality of life questionnaire, overactive bladder symptom scale (OABSS) scoring, and bowel dysfunction exam were completed and recorded at baseline, at SNM testing, and at 6-month follow-up phases. Finally, we calculated the …

Probing Mechanisms Of Binding And Allostery In The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Omicron Variant Complexes With The Host Receptor: Revealing Functional Roles Of The Binding Hotspots In Mediating Epistatic Effects And Communication With Allosteric Pockets, Gennady M. Verkhivker, Steve Agajanian, Ryan Kassab, Keerthi Krishnan

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this study, we performed all-atom MD simulations of RBD–ACE2 complexes for BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, and BA.3 Omicron subvariants, conducted a systematic mutational scanning of the RBD–ACE2 binding interfaces and analysis of electrostatic effects. The binding free energy computations of the Omicron RBD–ACE2 complexes and comprehensive examination of the electrostatic interactions quantify the driving forces of binding and provide new insights into energetic mechanisms underlying evolutionary differences between Omicron variants. A systematic mutational scanning of the RBD residues determines the protein stability centers and binding energy hotpots in the Omicron RBD–ACE2 complexes. By employing the ensemble-based global network analysis, we …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 138), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Novel Drugs Approved In 2021-2022, Michael Do, Bona Shin, Elaina Lioudis, Emaleigh Munn

Transformative Medicine

This article provides an abbreviated overview of the newly Federal Drug Administration (FDA)approved novel drugs of 2021-2022 with their respective approved indication(s). The FDA serves as the governing body that regularly evaluates and approves medications that will eventually be introduced to the market for routine use. These medications include both drugs that are the same or related to previously approved products (e.g., Extended indications of priorly approved medications) and novel drugs. By definition, a novel drug is an innovative product which serves to improve quality care in patient populations with unmet or advanced medical needs to overall advance patient care …

Vitamin C Deficiency In A Food Insecure Patient: A Rare Case Report, Gersham J. Rainone, Tatiana J. Han, Muhammed Rahim, Gregory J. Pirolli, Alina Popa, Jayaram Thimmapuram

Transformative Medicine

Introduction: Scurvy is rarely seen in developed countries and is characterized by deficiency of vitamin C, which can lead to symptoms including wound impairment, bleeding manifestations, and loss of teeth. Case Description: We present a case of a 53-year-old male with a right knee hemarthrosis after a fall. The patient also noted progressively enlarging spontaneous hematomas, denying any recent trauma except for the fall to the knee. He denied family history of bleeding and clotting disorders and endorsed aspirin use in the setting of a prior stroke. He actively resided at a local shelter with limited means of transportation for …

The Effects Of Cannabidiol On Aqueous Humor Outflow And Trabecular Meshwork Cell Signaling., Alyssa S. Aebersold, Zhao-Hui Song

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is regulated primarily through aqueous humor production by ciliary body and drainage through uveoscleral and trabecular meshwork (TM) tissues. The goal of this study was to measure the effect of non-psychotropic cannabidiol (CBD) on aqueous humor outflow through TM and assess the effect of CBD on the TM cell signaling pathways that are important for regulating outflow. Perfused porcine eye anterior segment explants were used to investigate the effects of CBD on aqueous humor outflow. Cultured porcine TM cells were used to study the effects of CBD on TM cell contractility, myosin light chain (MLC) and myosin …

The Co-Expression Of Ror1 And Fzd2 In Wnt5b Signaling In Osteosarcoma, Alec J. Wright, Susan Miranda Phd, Gustavo Miranda-Carboni Phd

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. There is currently no targeted therapy, so standard treatment involves surgical resection along with chemotherapy. There is a large subset of osteosarcoma that has a high expression of WNT5B, which is linked to a worse overall survival probability. The WNT5B pathway in osteosarcoma is not known, so we wanted to find out what receptors it signals through. We came up with two candidates, ROR1 and FZD2, then tested our hypothesis using immunohistochemistry. We first optimized the antigen retrieval step and ROR1 primary antibody for our immunohistochemistry protocol then proceeded to test our …

Do You Know The Pathophysiology Of Cytokine Storm During Covid-19?, Shameera Shaik Masthan, Deekshitha Turaka, Ahmed Abdelhaleem, Mounica Vorla, Steven B. Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Does Crime Trigger Genetic Risk For Type 2 Diabetes In Young Adults? A G X E Interaction Study Using National Data, Fangqi Guo, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Jason D. Boardman, Jennifer W. Robinette

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Living in neighborhoods perceived as disordered exacerbates genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults. It is unknown whether this gene-neighborhood interaction extends to younger adults. The present study aims to investigate whether crime, an objectively measured indicator of neighborhood disorder, triggers genetic risk for T2D among younger adults, and whether this hypothesized triggering occurs through exposure to obesity.

Methods

Data were from the Wave I (2008) National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. A standardized T2D polygenic score was created using 2014 GWAS meta-analysis results. Weighted mediation analyses using generalized structural equation models were conducted …

Tigit Is The Central Player In T-Cell Suppression Associated With Car T-Cell Relapse In Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Vivian Changying Jiang, Dapeng Hao, Preetesh Jain, Yijing Li, Qingsong Cai, Yixin Yao, Lei Nie, Yang Liu, Jingling Jin, Wei Wang, Heng-Huan Lee, Yuxuan Che, Enyu Dai, Guangchun Han, Ruiping Wang, Kunal Rai, Andrew Futreal, Christopher Flowers, Linghua Wang, Michael Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy using brexucabtagene autoleucel (BA) induces remission in many patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and BA is the only CAR T-cell therapy approved by the FDA for MCL. However, development of relapses to BA is recognized with poor patient outcomes. Multiple CAR T-cell therapies have been approved for other lymphomas and the resistance mechanisms have been investigated. However, the mechanisms underlying BA relapse in MCL have not been investigated and whether any previously reported resistance mechanisms apply to BA-relapsed patients with MCL is unknown.

METHODS: To interrogate BA resistance mechanisms in MCL, we …

Covid Experience, Jorge Gracia

Community Reflections

My personal experience about the pandemic has been for me a lesson of life from which I was able to learn many things.