Diseases Commons^™

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 81), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

How To Clean Electronic Items To Prevent Coronavirus (Covid-19), Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment.This infographic provides facts about cleaning electronics.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Lettuce And Other Leafy Greens And Root Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning lettuce and other leafy greens and root vegetables.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Tender Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 Prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning tender fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, ripe stone fruits, mushrooms, and berries.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Sturdy Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning sturdy fruits and vegetables such as green beans, asparagus, cucumbers, and melons.

How Long Can The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Survive?, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about the survival times of the virus.

What Can You Do To Prevent Spreading The Coronavirus (Covid-19)?, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information on practices to prevent disease.

What Household Cleaning Products Effectively Prevent The Coronavirus (Covid-19)?, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about household cleaning products that prevent disease.

The Experience Of Off Periods In Parkinson’S Disease: Descriptions, Triggers, And Alleviating Factors, Sneha Mantri, Madeline Lepore, Briana Edison, Margaret Daeschler, Catherine Kopil, Connie Marras, Lana Chahine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Wearing off of Parkinson’s disease medication is common, but triggers and coping strategies for this transient phenomenon are poorly understood. We aimed to assess the lived experience of OFF periods for people with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods: Participants in the longitudinal Fox Insight study who endorsed OFF periods were invited to complete a survey consisting of both multiple-choice and free-text responses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize multiple-choice responses, and free-text responses were classified into themes through iterative discussion by 3 movement disorders specialists.

Results: A total of 2110 participants (52.4% male) completed the survey. Tremor was the most common …

Determining The Perception And Willingness Of Primary Care Providers To Prescribe Advanced Diabetes Technologies, Alexander O’Donovan, Sean M. Oser, Jessica Parascando, Arthur Berg, Donald E. Nease Jr., Tamara K. Oser

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Advanced diabetes technologies have produced increasingly favorable outcomes compared to older treatments. Disparities in practice resources have led to a treatment disparity by clinical setting, where endocrinologists typically prescribe far more such technologies than primary care providers (PCPs). Fully automated artificial pancreas systems (APS), which combine technologies to deliver and adjust insulin dosing continuously in response to automatic and continuous glucose monitoring, may be more straightforward for PCPs to prescribe and manage, therefore extending their benefit to more patients. We aimed to assess willingness of PCPs to prescribe advanced diabetes technologies through a cross-sectional survey of PCPs from 4 geographically …

Does Exercise Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Pregnant Women? A Clin-Iq, Olivia Lust, Tana Chongsuwat, Elizabeth Lanham, Ann F. Chou, Elizabeth Wickersham

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Excessive weight gain during pregnancy has been on the rise globally, leading to increased prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A diagnosis of GDM often leads to pregnancy and infant-related complications. Regular exercise may have the potential to prevent GDM. However, evidence surrounding the utility of exercise during pregnancy as an effective risk reduction intervention has been mixed. This clinical inquiry examined the role of regular exercise during pregnancy in preventing GDM in both obese and normal-weight women and analyzed specific aspects of exercise that make it an effective preventive measure. The review of evidence included 3 meta-analyses, 3 systematic …

Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Patient-Centered Language Use In Journals Publishing Research Focused On Heart Failure, Vivian Pham, Benjamin Greiner, Ryan Ottwell, Matt Vassar, Micah L. Hartwell

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Detrimental effects of using non–patient-centered language (nPCL) have been reported for diabetes, mental illness, and obesity, and both the American Medical Association (AMA) and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommend using patient-centered language in medical literature. Heart failure is a common yet stigmatized disease, and nPCL may further propagate stigma. This study analyzed current use of nPCL in journals focused on heart failure research and also examined whether the journals steer authors to adhere to AMA or ICMJE guidelines regarding nPCL.

Methods: Following systematic search of PubMed for heart failure-related articles published from May 1, 2018, to …

Comprehensive Review And Update Of Burning Eye Syndrome, Stephen Giacomazzi, Ivan Urits, Briggs Hoyt, Ashley Hubble, Elyse M. Cornett, Kyle Gress, Karina Charipova, Amnon A. Berger, Hisham Kassem, Alan D. Kaye, Omar Viswanath

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (“dry eye”) is a common (14%–30% of adults over age 48) though difficult to treat condition that causes both discomfort and disability with associated dryness, pain, and visual disturbances. Etiology is not clearly understood but is likely varied, with a subset of patients suffering from chronic neuropathic pain referred to as “burning eye syndrome.” This review of existing literature summarizes the clinical presentation, natural history, pathophysiology, and treatment modalities of burning eye syndrome.

Chronicity of burning eye syndrome is likely secondary to increased nociception from the cornea, decrease in inhibitory signals, and nerve growth factor expression alterations. Treatment …

Covid-19 Deliveries: Maternal Features And Neonatal Outcomes, Viviana Zlochiver, Blair Tilkens, Ana Cristina Perez Moreno, Fatima Aziz, M. Fuad Jan

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Integrated, data-driven criteria are necessary to evaluate delivery outcomes in pregnancies affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed maternal demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and delivery outcomes of 85 ethnically diverse, adult pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of delivery. Median maternal and gestational ages were 27 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23–31) and 39 weeks (IQR: 37.3–40.0), respectively. Of the 85 SARS-CoV-2–positive participants, 67 (79%) had no COVID-19 symptoms at the time of routine COVID-19 admission testing, 14 (16%) reported mild COVID-19 symptoms, and 4 (5%) presented …

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages available in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This infographic provides facts about cleaning fruits and vegetables.

Preprints In Times Of Covid19: The Time Is Ripe For Agreeing On Terminology And Good Practices, Raffaella Ravinetto, Céline Caillet, Muhammad H. Zaman, Jerome Amir Singh, Philippe J. Guerin, Aasim Ahmad, Carlos E. Durán, Amar Jesani, Ana Palmero, Laura Merson

Section of Nephrology

Over recent years, the research community has been increasingly using preprint servers to share manuscripts that are not yet peer-reviewed. Even if it enables quick dissemination of research findings, this practice raises several challenges in publication ethics and integrity. In particular, preprints have become an important source of information for stakeholders interested in COVID19 research developments, including traditional media, social media, and policy makers. Despite caveats about their nature, many users can still confuse pre-prints with peer-reviewed manuscripts. If unconfirmed but already widely shared first-draft results later prove wrong or misinterpreted, it can be very difficult to "unlearn" what we …

Factors Motivating Smoking Cessation: A Cross-Sectional Study In A Lower-Middle-Income Country, Russell S. Martins, Muhammad Umer Junaid, Muhammad Sharjeel Khan, Namrah Aziz, Zoha Zahid Fazal, Mariam Umoodi, Fatima Shah, Javaid Ahmed Khan

Medical College Documents

Introduction: Only one-quarter of smokers in Pakistan attempt to quit smoking, and less than 3% are successful. In the absence of any literature from the country, this study aimed to explore factors motivating and strategies employed in successful smoking cessation attempts in Pakistan, a lower-middle-income country.
Methods: A survey was carried out in Karachi, Pakistan, amongst adult (≥ 18 years) former smokers (individuals who had smoked ≥100 cigarettes in their lifetime but who had successfully quit smoking for > 1 month at the time of survey). Multivariable logistic regression, with number of quit attempts (single vs. multiple) as the dependent variable, …

Risk Of Infection And Transmission Of Sars-Cov-2 Among Children And Adolescents In Households, Communities And Educational Settings: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Omar Irfan, Jiang Li, Kun Tang, Zhicheng Wang, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: There is uncertainty with respect to SARS-CoV-2 transmission in children (0-19 years) with controversy on effectiveness of school-closures in controlling the pandemic. It is of equal importance to evaluate the risk of transmission in children who are often asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic carriers that may incidentally transmit SARS-CoV-2 in different settings. We conducted this review to assess transmission and risks for SARS-CoV-2 in children (by age-groups or grades) in community and educational-settings compared to adults.
Methods: Data for the review were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, WHO COVID-19 Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Database, WanFang Database, Latin …

Reducing Covid-19 Quarantine With Sars-Cov-2 Testing: A Simulation Study, Bo Peng, Wen Zhou, Rowland W Pettit, Patrick Yu, Peter G Matos, Alexander L Greninger, Julie Mccashin, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing on shortening the duration of quarantines for COVID-19 and to identify the most effective choices of testing schedules.

DESIGN: We performed extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of quarantine strategies when one or more SARS-CoV-2 tests were administered during the quarantine. Simulations were based on statistical models for the transmissibility and viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the sensitivities of available testing methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of perturbations in model assumptions on the outcomes of optimal strategies.

RESULTS: We found that SARS-CoV-2 testing can effectively reduce the …

Evaluation Of A Hypertension Bundle To Improve Maternal Outcomes, Jamie Jetton

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy continue to be on the rise in the United States, contributing to an increase in both maternal morbidity and mortality rates. These disorders not only have an effect on the pregnant women, but also the neonate. Early recognition and treatment of increased blood pressure findings can improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods: This Quality Improvement (QI) project used a descriptive design and was comprised of a retrospective chart review, focused on the effectiveness of evaluating a hypertension bundle to improve maternal outcomes. The data collected for this project encompassed six months pre and post …

General Public Perception Of Social Media, Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic, And Related Misconceptions, Rabiya Ali, Shireen Jawed, Mukhtiar Baig, Ahmed Azam Malik, Fatima Syed, Rehana Rehman

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objectives: To investigate the general public perception of social media (SM), impact of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and related misconceptions among Pakistani population.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted during the peak of COVID-19 in Pakistan between May-June 2020 comprised of 2307 Pakistani male and female participants. Subjects under 18 years of age and nationality other than Pakistani were excluded. An online questionnaire was administered via the Internet using various kinds of social media.
Results: The study comprised of 2307 male and female participants; 2074(89.90%) were using SM for seeking COVID-19 information, 450 (20%) were using both Facebook (FB) and WhatsApp (WA) and …

A Retrospective Review On Antibiotic Use In Acute Watery Diarrhea In Children In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Karachi, Pakistan, Sonia Qureshi, Shahzadi Resham, Mariam Hashmi, Abdullah B. Naveed, Zoya Haq, Syed Asad Ali

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: Responsible for at least one in nine pediatric deaths, diarrheal diseases are the leading, global cause of death. Further abetted by improper antibiotic use in a hospital setting, children with acute watery diarrhea can see prolonged hospital stays, and unwanted adverse effects such as antibiotic resistance. Hence, this study is aimed to identify the association between antibiotic usage for the treatment of acute watery diarrhea in children, and the impact this line of management has on the duration of their hospital stay.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted at the department of Pediatric of Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) …

Crispr, Curing Huntington’S Disease, And Humanity’S Future In Isaacson's 'Code Breaker', Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Human Apobec3 Variations And Viral Infection, Shiva Sadeghpour, Saeideh Khodaee, Mostafa Rahnama, Hamzeh Rahimi, Diako Ebrahimi

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

Human APOBEC3 (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3) enzymes are capable of inhibiting a wide range of endogenous and exogenous viruses using deaminase and deaminase-independent mechanisms. These enzymes are essential components of our innate immune system, as evidenced by (a) their strong positive selection and expansion in primates, (b) the evolution of viral counter-defense mechanisms, such as proteasomal degradation mediated by HIV Vif, and (c) hypermutation and inactivation of a large number of integrated HIV-1 proviruses. Numerous APOBEC3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, and splice variants have been identified in humans. Several of these variants have been reported to be associated …

Phenotypic And Functional Signatures Of Peripheral Blood And Spleen Compartments Of Cynomolgus Macaques Infected With T. Cruzi: Associations With Cardiac Histopathological Characteristics, Renato Sathler-Avelar, Danielle Marquete Vitelli-Avelar, Armanda Moreira Mattoso-Barbosa, Marcelo Antônio Pascoal-Xavier, Silvana Maria Elói-Santos, Ismael Artur Da Costa-Rocha, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Edward J. Dick Jr, Jane F. Vandeberg, John L. Vandeberg, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho

School of Medicine Publications

We performed a detailed analysis of immunophenotypic features of circulating leukocytes and spleen cells from cynomolgus macaques that had been naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, identifying their unique and shared characteristics in relation to cardiac histopathological lesion status. T. cruzi-infected macaques were categorized into three groups: asymptomatic [CCC(-)], with mild chronic chagasic cardiopathy [CCC(+)], or with moderate chronic chagasic cardiopathy [CCC(++)]. Our findings demonstrated significant differences in innate and adaptive immunity cells of the peripheral blood and spleen compartments, by comparison with non-infected controls. CCC(+) and CCC(++) hosts exhibited decreased frequencies of monocytes, NK and NKT-cell subsets in …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 80), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Blue Biotechnology: Computational Screening Of Sarcophyton Cembranoid Diterpenes For Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease Inhibition, Mahmoud A A. Ibrahim, Alaa H M. Abdelrahman, Mohamed A M. Atia, Tarik A. Mohamed, Mahmoud F. Moustafa, Abdulrahim R. Hakami, Shaden A M. Khalifa, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Faris Alrumaihi, Syed Hani Abidi

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

The coronavirus pandemic has affected more than 150 million people, while over 3.25 million people have died from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As there are no established therapies for COVID-19 treatment, drugs that inhibit viral replication are a promising target; specifically, the main protease (Mpro) that process CoV-encoded polyproteins serves as an Achilles heel for assembly of replication-transcription machinery as well as down-stream viral replication. In the search for potential antiviral drugs that target Mpro, a series of cembranoid diterpenes from the biologically active soft-coral genus Sarcophyton have been examined as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. Over 360 metabolites from the …

The Development Of An Instrument To Measure Transdermal Hydrogen Sulfide As A Way To Evaluate Microvascular Health In Humans, Benjamin Thomas Matheson

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a gasotransmitter critical in maintaining microcirculation homeostasis. Impaired microcirculation occurs in multiple disease states such as peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension. Early detection and identification of patients with DM who are at risk for heart attack, stroke and amputation due to microvascular disease is crucial. Human skin is an accessible vascular bed that provides an opportunity to non-invasively measure H₂S, which could be used as a biomarker to evaluate microvascular health.

In this work, a novel H₂S gas sensor, called the transdermal arterial gasotransmitter sensor (TAGS^{TM …}

Review Of Sexual Health Issues Linked With Cardiovascular Disease And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Males, Veronica Collins, Tamara J. Swann, Jane Burns, Tim Moss, Mick Adams

Australian Indigenous HealthBulletin

There are well established links between male sexual health conditions and chronic disease, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Erectile dysfunction (ED) and low testosterone are two sexual health conditions that are relatively common among the wider male population. However, there is a lack of data specifically about these sexual problems among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males.

One of the most important findings of research regarding the links between sexual health and chronic disease is that ED can be a risk marker for future CVD or undiagnosed T2DM. Understanding these links can lead to more holistic …

Baricitinib In The Treatment Of A Critical Patient With Covid-19 Pneumonia: A Case Report, Nishant Patel, Dylan Goldsmith, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

A 72-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of diarrhea after having tested positive for COVID-19 two days prior. He initially had minimal respiratory complaints, but was eventually transferred to the intensive care unit for acute hypoxic respiratory failure. In addition to dexamethasone, remdesivir, and antibiotics, the patient was treated with baricitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor that was recently granted emergency use authorization by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. He had an extensive and complicated hospital course and had to be placed on mechanical ventilation, ultimately undergoing tracheostomy. After …