Diseases Commons^™

Flash Pulmonary Edema: A Case And Review Of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy, Paula J. Watts, Oliver S. Garbo, Wendy Barrett, Michael Kopstein, Ryan Maybrook, Dmitriy Scherbak

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy is an uncommon type of cardiomyopathy caused by malformation of the myocardium during embryogenesis. This results in trabeculations within the ventricular wall that can affect the left and, less commonly, right ventricles. Presentation ranges from clinically asymptomatic to life-threatening arrhythmias. It is a rare and relatively unknown form of cardiomyopathy, though thought to be underdiagnosed. Prevalence is increasing due to improvements in imaging and awareness. Management is similar to that of other cardiomyopathies including angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement and cardiac transplantation. We present a case of a …

In This Electoral Season, Let’S Highlight Our Natural Role As Caregivers And Support Care Professionals, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Longitudinal Changes In Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Between Alzheimer’S And Healthy Controls, Berk Can Yilmaz

Theses

Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) is a technique that is widely used for analyzing brain function using different approaches and methods. This study involves rs-fMRI analysis of Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signals acquired from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Patients and Healthy Controls (HC). Each subject in the study had both functional and anatomical images with at least one rs-fMRI scan with their Anatomical (T1) scans. Previous rs-fMRI studies have demonstrated that AD shows differences in Amplitude of Low Frequency (<0.1 Hz) Fluctuations (ALFF), and Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) measures according to HCs.

The aim of the study is to investigate individual and group level differences using ReHo and mALFF related …

Drivers Of Stunting Reduction In Peru: A Country Case Study, Luis Huicho, Elisa Vidal-Cárdenas, Nadia Akseer, Samanpreet Brar, Kaitlin Conway, Muhammad Islam, Elisa Juarez, Aviva Rappaport, Hana Tasic, Tyler Vaivada, Jannah Wigle, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Peru reduced its under-5 child stunting prevalence notably from 31.3% in 2000 to 13.1% in 2016.
Objectives: We aimed to study factors and key enablers of child stunting reduction in Peru from 2000-2016.
Methods: Demographic and Health Surveys were used to conduct descriptive analyses [height-for-age z scores (HAZ) means and distributions, equity analysis, predicted child growth curves through polynomial regressions] and advanced regression analyses. An ecological (at department level) multilevel regression analysis was conducted to identify the major predictors of stunting decline from 2000 to 2016, and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was conducted to identify the relative contribution of each factor …

Stunting In Childhood: An Overview Of Global Burden, Trends, Determinants, And Drivers Of Decline, Tyler Vaivada, Nadia Akseer, Selai Akseer, Ahalya Somaskandan, Marianne Stefopulos, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Progress has been made worldwide in reducing chronic undernutrition and rates of linear growth stunting in children under 5 y of age, although rates still remain high in many regions. Policies, programs, and interventions supporting maternal and child health and nutrition have the potential to improve child growth and development.
Objective: This article synthesizes the available global evidence on the drivers of national declines in stunting prevalence and compares the relative effect of major drivers of stunting decline between countries.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published peer-reviewed and gray literature analyzing the relation between changes in key …

Sepsis Knowledge Among Adults Living In Tippecanoe County, Jessica Devine

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Machine Learning Models: Gesture Recognition Using A Multimodal Wrist Orthosis For Tetraplegics, Charlie Martin

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Many tetraplegics must wear wrist braces to support paralyzed wrists and hands. However, current wrist orthoses have limited functionality to assist a person’s ability to perform typical activities of daily living other than a small pocket to hold utensils. To enhance the functionality of wrist orthoses, gesture recognition technology can be applied to control mechatronic tools attached to a novel fabricated wrist brace. Gesture recognition is a growing technology for providing touchless human-computer interaction that can be particularly useful for tetraplegics with limited upper-extremity mobility. In this study, three gesture recognition models were compared—two dynamic time-warping models and a hidden …

The Intertwined Relationship Between Malnutrition And Poverty, Faareha Siddiqui, Rehana Salam, Zohra S. Lassi, Jai K. Das

Woman and Child Health

Despite social and economic development, the burden of malnutrition across the globe remains unacceptably high. A vital relationship exists between nutritional status, human capital, and economic standing. Malnutrition adversely affects the physiological and mental capacity of individuals; which in turn hampers productivity levels, making them and their respective countries more susceptible to poverty. A two-way link exists between malnutrition and poverty, creating a vicious cycle with each fueling the other. Malnutrition produces conditions of poverty by reducing the economic potential of the population and likewise, poverty reinforces malnutrition by increasing the risk of food insecurity. The aim of the paper …

The Kinetics Of Influenza A (A/California/4/2009-H1n1) And B (B/Phuket/3073/2013 (Byam), B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Bvic)) Virus Infection In Ferrets, Demi L. Erickson

Honors Thesis

Influenza is a persistent threat to individual and global health. Seasonal influenza kills nearly 500,000 people globally each year. Influenza viruses have circulated within the human population, causing a significant disease burden. In order to create the most effective antiviral therapies, knowledge concerning all lineages of influenza must be studied accurately and thoroughly. The influenza virus itself is not always responsible for these mortalities, rather, the secondary bacterial infections associated with death. In order to protect the population and examine the secondary infections that arise, the kinetics of influenza must be studied entirely. To understand the kinetics, researchers are turning …

Intensive Animal Farming Conditions Are A Major Threat To Global Health, Cynthia Schuck-Paim

Animal Sentience

Wiebers & Feigin accurately propose that reducing the risks posed by infectious disease outbreaks and other global health challenges will depend critically on transitioning away from intensive animal farming practices. Creating the right incentive structure for this transition to happen is one of the great challenges in the years to come, but a much-needed step to ensure the health and well-being of current and future generations.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 1, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Rash, Liza. Math Department Head Makes a Shocking Model Regarding Potential Campus COVID-19 Death Rate
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU Introduces COVID-19 Testing to Campus Community
• Marshall, Olivia. How Students Can Navigate Campus Facilities This Semester
• Bunton, Gabrielle. Campus Organizations Prepare to Engage Students Amid COVID Restrictions
• Deppen, Laurel. On-campus Students Who Contract COVID to be Moved to New Location to Quarantine
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Social Distancing
• College of Health & Human Services Should Have Been More Involved in Restart Committee
• Deppen, Laurel. From the …

Serum Immune Profiling Of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Hifsa Mobeen, Muhammad Kashif, Ahmed Nadeem, Faheem Shahzad, Romeeza Tahir, Afia Abbas, Nadeem Afzal

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent hormonal disorder in females, is characterized by low levels of progesterone, which causes increased estrogen levels leading to production of various anti and auto-antibodies. This study aimed to estimate and compare levels of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG), and anti-islet cell antibodies (anti-ICAb) in patients with PCOS and healthy controls.

Methods: The present comparative study included 82 subjects divided into two groups with 41 individuals in each group. Group I included healthy subjects, while Group II included patients diagnosed with PCOS. Blood samples were collected to determine …

Middle Ear Salivary Choristoma: A Rare Case Report And Update On Congenital Associations, Facial Nerve Involvement, And Treatment Strategies, Allen Young, Lauren Evans, Matthew Ng

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Salivary gland choristoma is an extremely rare middle ear mass and is hypothesized to be caused by second branchial arch developmental anomalies. We present a 14-year-old girl with Dandy-Walker syndrome and conductive hearing loss. Middle ear exploration revealed a large middle ear mass with absent incus and stapes and displaced facial nerve. The mass was completely excised with histological confirmation of salivary gland choristoma. Her hearing was improved with bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHA). As facial nerve involvement is common, physicians should consider partial excision to avoid facial nerve palsy. Hearing restoration can be achieved with OCR or BAHA.

Mir-205: A Potential Biomedicine For Cancer Therapy, Neeraj Chauhan, Anupam Dhasmana, Meena Jaggi, Subhash C. Chauhan, Murali M. Yallapu

School of Medicine Publications

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of their target mRNAs post transcriptionally. miRNAs are known to regulate not just a gene but the whole gene network (signaling pathways). Accumulating evidence(s) suggests that miRNAs can work either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, but some miRNAs have a dual nature since they can act as both. miRNA 205 (miR-205) is one such highly conserved miRNA that can act as both, oncomiRNA and tumor suppressor. However, most reports confirm its emerging role as a tumor suppressor in many cancers. This review focuses on the downregulated expression …

Validating Use Of Electronic Health Data To Identify Patients With Urinary Tract Infections In Outpatient Settings, George Germanos, Patrick Light, Roger Zoorob, Jason Salemi, Fareed Khan, Michael Hansen, Kalpana Gupta, Barbara Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To validate the use of electronic algorithms based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes to identify outpatient visits for urinary tract infections (UTI), one of the most common reasons for antibiotic prescriptions.

METHODS: ICD-10 symptom codes (e.g., dysuria) alone or in addition to UTI diagnosis codes plus prescription of a UTI-relevant antibiotic were used to identify outpatient UTI visits. Chart review (gold standard) was performed by two reviewers to confirm diagnosis of UTI. The positive predictive value (PPV) that the visit was for UTI (based on chart review) was calculated for three different ICD-10 code algorithms using (1) …

Impact Of 2012 Spanish Health Care Reform On Hiv-Positive Immigrants: A Mixed Methods Approach, Megi Gogishvili

Dissertations and Theses

Background: The financial crisis of 2008 hit Spain hard. As a consequence, the government took multiple austerity measures, including reforms in the healthcare system in 2012. Specifically, the government reduced the budget for health and social services by 13.7% in 2012.The reduction was further followed with structural changes via the 2012 Royal Decree Law (RDL) and Royal Decree (RD).The 2012 RDL and RD entailed broad areas of action,but most importantly the Spanish National Health System (SNS) no longer covered undocumented immigrants. The 2012 RDL and RD excluded approximately 500,000 undocumented immigrants from SNS.

The number of immigrants in Spain has …

Specialized Nutritious Food Combined With Cash Transfers And Social And Behavior Change Communication To Prevent Stunting Among Children Aged 6 To 23 Months In Pakistan: Protocol For A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Gul Nawaz Khan, Sumra Kureishy, Shabina Ariff, Atif Habib, Asra Abeer Usmani, Areeba Mubarik, Masawar Hussain, Naveed Akbar, Pablo Rodriguez De Castro, Alba Cecilia Garzon, Saskia De Pee, Sajid Bashir Soofi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: In Pakistan, the prevalence of stunting in children younger than 5 years has remained above global critical levels over the past two decades, with the stunting rate being 40.2% in 2018. Children living in rural areas and in the poorest households suffer the most from stunting across the country-43.2% in rural areas and 51.4% in the lowest wealth quintile. As a continuing public health concern, it is essential that stunting prevention is a national priority in order to ensure human capital development, especially among the poorest households.
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect …

Reducing The Incidence Of Pressure Injuries In Adult Icu Patients At Mcallen Medical Center With The Implementation Of A Pressure Injury Preventive Bundle: A Quality Improvement Project, Cheryl Cruz

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Pressure injuries (PIs) are a significant healthcare problem globally. Adult patients in the intensive care setting are especially vulnerable to the development of PIs given the acuity of their diagnoses requiring extensive treatments, procedures and the use of multiple medical devices.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was, “In adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients, how does the effect of implementing a pressure injury prevention bundle compare in patients who received the bundle, and patients receiving standard pressure injury prevention in reducing the incidence of pressure injuries after two months?”

Evidence: Evidence exist that bundle implementation …

A Policy Change To Reduce Hospital-Acquired Clostridium Difficile Infection Rates: A Quality Improvement Project, Nia Hidalgo

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: At a small community facility in Los Angeles County, there was a reporting rate of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile cases that was higher than both state and national benchmarks.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In acute care patients aged 18-90, does not retesting for CDI for at least seven days compared to retesting in less than seven days reduce the incidence of false positive CDI tests during the first seven days of the hospital stay?

Evidence: The evidence demonstrates that if patients are tested initially for Clostridium difficile and then retested seven days after, the …

Coronavirus Update 8/21/20, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

Opening-of-School Activities --Learning What NOT to Do --More on Masks --Faculty --Testing/Contact Information --Study Areas for Commuters --Daily Health Symptom Survey --We're Here to Answer Your Questions.

Erythema Annulare Centrifugum: A Rare Skin Manifestation Of Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Palwasha Jalil, Sadia Masood, Saira Fatima

Section of Internal Medicine

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is an unusual skin condition appearing as recurrent erythematous annular eruptions associated with autoimmune disorders, infections, and various neoplastic conditions. We present a very rarely reported association of EAC with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) in a young male. A 26-year-old male recently diagnosed as case of HT presented in the dermatology clinic with nine-month history of non-itchy persistent annular lesions on the body. The morphology and biopsy of lesions confirmed the diagnosis of EAC. HT is a part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases with its own specific cutaneous manifestations. Our case also depicts the impact …

Adherence To Hiv Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant And Postpartum Women During The Option B+ Era: 12-Month Cohort Study In Urban South Africa And Rural Uganda, Lynn T. Matthews, Catherine Orrell, Mwebesa B. Bwana, Alexander C. Tsai, Christina A. Psaros, Stephen Asiimwe, Gideon Amanyire, Nicholas Musinguzi, Kathleen Bell, David Bangsberg, Jessica E. Haberer

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: We conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non-pregnancy follow-up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering Option B+ in rural Uganda and urban South Africa. Methods: We collected survey data, continuously monitored ART adherence (Wisepill), HIV-RNA and pregnancy tests at zero, six and twelve months from women initiating ART in Uganda and South Africa, 2015 to 2017. The primary predictor of interest was follow-up time categorized as pregnant (pregnancy diagnosis to pregnancy end), postpartum (pregnancy end to study exit) or non-pregnancy-related (neither pregnant nor postpartum). Fractional regression …

Incidental Discovery Of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery Arising From The Pulmonary Artery In A Coronavirus Disease-2019 Patient: A Blessing In Disguise, Masood Ghori, Rizwan Ahmed

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a serious congenital malformation. Reports about asymptomatic, incidentally discovered ALCAPA in adults are scarce. We describe a patient with no known pre-existing cardiac condition admitted to our hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and was incidentally found to have ALCAPA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of incidentally discovered ALCAPA in a COVID-19 patient and highlights the importance of appropriate investigation of the coronary status by Multidetector Cardiac Computed Tomographic Angiography (MDCCTA) in individuals with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. The presentation …

Occupational Therapy’S Role In Addressing Sex And Intimacy For Individuals With Progressive Neuromuscular Disorders, Lindsay N. Richards, Becki Cohill, Katrhyn Ellis, Susan Macdermott

San Marcos, Summer 2020

Individuals with progressive neuromuscular disorders (PND); specifically, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s Disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) often face physical, psychological, and social challenges related to sex and intimacy. Occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are experts in activity analysis and are equipped with unique knowledge of performance skills and client factors to address deficits in occupational performance.

Though there is literature presenting the effects of PND on sexual occupations, a gap exists as it relates to qualitative data from the perspective of the individual and their partners. A mixed-methods survey was conducted examining the lived experience of …

Associations Between High-Density Lipoprotein Particles And Ischemic Events By Vascular Domain, Sex, And Ethnicity: A Pooled Cohort Analysis, Kavisha Singh, Alvin Chandra, Thomas Sperry, Parag H. Joshi, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen

Office of the Provost

Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration (HDL-C) is an established atheroprotective marker, in particular for coronary artery disease; however, HDL particle concentration (HDL-P) may better predict risk. The associations of HDL-C and HDL-P with ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) among women and Blacks have not been well studied. We hypothesized that HDL-P would consistently be associated with MI and stroke among women and Blacks compared with HDL-C.
Methods: We analyzed individual-level participant data in a pooled cohort of 4 large population studies without baseline atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: DHS (Dallas Heart Study; n=2535), ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; n=1595), MESA …

The Utility Of Ultrasound In The Preoperative Localization Of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Insights From Pakistan, Tehseen Fatima, Bhagwan Das, Saadia Sattar, Sumerah Jabeen, Abid Abbas Khan, Najmul Islam

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Objective: We aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of ultrasound (US) and 99m-Tc sestamibi scintigraphy for the preoperative localization of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, and comprised the data of patients with PHPT who underwent parathyroidectomy from 2008 to 2017. Preoperative US and 99m-Tc sestamibi scintigraphy findings were recorded and compared to surgical and histological findings, which were taken as a reference standard.
Results: The sensitivity of US in the preoperative localization of PHPT was 88.3%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 94.6%, and accuracy …

Understanding Of Metals Dysregulation In Patients With Systolic And Diastolic Dysfunction In Ischemic Heart Disease, Noman Khan, Satwat Hashmi, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Sabiha Farooq, Shahid Ahmed Sami, Nageeb Basir, Syeda Saira Bokhari, Hasanat Sharif, Sanaullah Junejo, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Syed Ghulam Musharraf

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and chronic disability in the world. IHD affects both the systolic and diastolic function of the heart which progressively leads to heart failure; a structural and functional impairment of filling or ejection of blood from the heart. In this study, the progression of systolic and diastolic dysfunction characterized according to their echocardiographic parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), grades of diastolic dysfunction and ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/e'), were correlated with differential regulation of various metals in patients sera samples (n …

Ua3/10/3 Convocation, Timothy Caboni

WKU Administration Documents

Convocation speech given by WKU president Timothy Caboni regarding COVID-19, diversity, student recruitment, enrollment, retention and graduation; budget, and economic growth.

Cancer-Targeting Immunostimulatory Peptides As An Immunotherapeutic Approach To Cancer, Rachel Montel

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This dissertation reports the synthesis and biological applications of bifunctional trimeric peptides with B7H6-derived NKp30 binding motifs that serve to activate an immunocytotoxic response in natural killer cells and a GRP78-binding motif that can target tumors that express surface GRP78. In this manner the cancer-targeting immunostimulatory peptides are anticipated to directly bind and activate effector NK92-MI cells while also recognizing and binding to target A549 tumor cells to facilitate NK cell-dependent immunocytotoxicity of the targeted tumors. The NKp30 binding peptide motifs are derived from the tumor associated B7H6 antigen that is often downregulated or shed from the surface of tumors …

Living With Multiple Sclerosis: A Phenomenological Study Of Worries, Concern And Psychological Problems In Iranian Patients With Ms, Zahra Abdekhodaie, Shahriar Shahidi, Mohammad Ali Mazaheri, Laily Panaghi, Vahid Nejati

The Qualitative Report

Multiple sclerosis (MS), as a progressive and degenerative illness, has an impact on different aspects of individual lives and may lead to difficulties, concerns, and worries in patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate concerns, worries and problems in patients with MS. We used a descriptive phenomenological qualitative approach. Participants were volunteers purposively selected based on their availability. We carried out deep interviews with 15 MS patients and analyzed the detailed information obtained from these interviews by using Colaizzi’s method. We extracted six essential themes and thirty-four sub-themes associated with MS from the content of the interviews. …