Diseases Commons^™

Alternative Modality In The Treatment Of Acne Vulgaris: Low Level Laser Therapy, Rudi Chandra, Nelva K. Jusuf

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit with polymorphic manifestations. The four key elements leading to the formation of acne lesions are alteration of follicular keratinization that leads to comedones, increased and altered sebum production under androgen control, follicular colonization by Propionibacterium acnes, and complex inflammatory mechanisms that involve both innate and acquired immunity. Phototherapy (light, lasers, and photodynamic therapy) has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic modality to treat acne vulgaris and is proposed to have less side effects compared to other treatment options. Recently, low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) which refers to the use …

Dermoscopy-Guided Carbon Dioxide Laser Destruction For Nevus Sebaceous: Two Case Reports, Larisa Paramitha Wibawa, Kuniaki Ohara

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Nevus sebaceous (NS) is a common hamartoma of the cutaneous adnexal structure, clinically appear as a well demarcated yellow-orange plaque, sometimes with verrucous surface. Dermoscopy may aid the diagnosis of NS and also guide carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy.

Case Illustration: Two cases of brown and yellowish plaque on the face, with clinical appearance, dermoscopic, and histopathological findings consistent with NS. The patients consented to undergo serial CO­2laser destruction, aimed to reduce recurrences and shorten the duration of the downtime. Dermoscopy aided in locating the area and the depth of each treatment.

Discussion: The dermoscopy finding …

Childhood-Onset Borderline Tuberculoid Leprosy With Reversal Reaction, Ramona D. Lubis, Mila Darmi, Rudi Chandra

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium lepraethat predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. Leprosy among children is still common in endemic countries.

Case Illustration: A 12-year-old girl complained about a hypopigmented anesthetic patch on her face for 11 years, which became larger and spread slowly to her arms and legs. She had a history of close contact with her aunt, who was diagnosed with multibacillary leprosy. On slit-skin-smear test, acid-fast-bacilli (bacteriologic index +1) were found. She was diagnosed with multibacillary leprosy and treated with children’s multidrug therapy-multibacillary (MDT-MB) regimen. After 2 months of …

Efficacy Of 3d-Pore Sanitary Napkin On Mild-To-Moderate Irritant Contact Dermatitis In The Female Genital Area, Srie Prihianti Gondokaryono, Hanny Nilasari, Inge Ade Krisanti, Tia Febrianti, Herliyani Purba, Haruko Toyoshima, Danang Agung Yunaidi

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Women worldwide have their own strategies to cope with menstruation, and unhygienic menstrual practices often cause vaginal diseases. During menstruation, the skin is irritated by the remaining unabsorbed menstrual flow and sweat on sanitary pads. Irritation of vulvar skin by an external agent could cause contact dermatitis, which is an important contributor to vulvar diseases. Various sanitary napkins available today share similar materials. This study compared commonly used sanitary napkin among Indonesian women with 3D-pore sanitary napkin in terms of efficacy.

Methods: A randomized, controlled, single blind, crossover study of 72 participants who met the inclusion and …

Lucio’S Phenomenon: A Report On Six Patients In A Tertiary Referral Hospital In Indonesia, Melani Marissa, Rahadi Rihatmadja, Denny Surya, Henry W. Lim, Sri Linuwih Menaldi

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Lucio's phenomenon (LP) is a rare variant of leprosy reaction, with the clinical manifestation of “necrotizing erythema.” LP was observed in patients with lepromatous leprosy who have not received or completed the treatment, and it is especially evident in patients with diffuse lepromatous leprosy (DLL), known as Lucio-Latapi’s leprosy. LP occurs due to M. leprae invading the blood vessels, causing endothelial damage that leads to thrombosis, ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis. The clinical features of the disease are erythematous lesions that can be accompanied by vesicles or bullae, with ulcers forming scar tissues. Histopathological examination can help establish …

Correlation Between Clinical And Histopathological Findings Of Five Puzzling Cases Of Cutaneous Tuberculosis, Eliza Miranda, Sandra Widaty, Sondang Pandjaitan Sirait, Luddwi Achmad Rizky, Sri Linuwih Menaldi, Henry W. Lim

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis refers to the clinical manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis affecting the skin. Determining the type of cutaneous tuberculosis from a patient afflicted with is challenging because clinical and histopathological similarities exist between types. Moreover, confirming a diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis is difficult because of its similarity with other diseases. For instance, typical and atypical cutaneous tuberculosis may have similar manifestations, but each disease is managed by completely different approaches. Microbiological examination with polymerase chain reaction and bacterial culture are the gold standard methods used to confirm a diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis. However, results often demonstrate negative findings. …

Purpuric Lesion In A Patient With Leprosy: Was It A Lucio’S Phenomenon Or An Epiphenomenon?, Sri Linuwih Menaldi, Melani Marissa, Inadia Putri Chairista, Henry W. Lim, Rahadi Rihatmadja

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Lucio’s phenomenon (LP) is a severe necrotizing cutaneous reaction that occurs in patients with Lucio’s leprosy. The exact pathomechanism is not fully understood, but typically abundant acid-fast bacilli in the walls of blood vessels point to direct perturbation of blood supply to the epidermis. We report a case of LP where epidermal necrosis occurred in the absence of vascular invasion by mycobacteria, raising the question whether this was an epiphenomenon or a true LP.

Case Illustration: A 34-year-old male was referred for an episodic swelling of his hands and feet that persisted for two years. There were …

Cutaneous Candidiasis Mimicking Inverse Psoriasis Lesion In A Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient, Steven Philip Surya, Kardiana Purnama Dewi, Regina Regina

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) condition could affect the skin. The disease is among the greatest risk factors of skin infection such as cutaneous candidiasis and is also associated with autoimmune skin diseases such as psoriasis, which lesion morphologies and predilection areas are quite similar. These similarities are a source of confusion to clinicians.

Case illustration: We present a 60-year-old female patient with uncontrolled T2DM and multiple erythematous plaques in the form of shiny lesions at the intertriginous area that developed 1 week prior to her hyperglycemic state. The lesions had recurred at the same site for …

Prevalence Of Nail Changes In Patients Infected With Hiv - A Cross Sectional Study, Seethalakshmi Ganga Vellaisamy, Priya Jeyaraman, Kannan Gopalan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Introduction: The spectrum of nail changes is wider and their frequency is higher among HIV patients. These changes magnify the range and multiplicity of AIDS manifestations. Their systematic examination is a non-invasive method of possible diagnostic value.

Objective: The present study was conducted to study the frequency and types of nail changes in  HIV infected individuals and to correlate the severity of nail changes  with CD4 count.

Material and Method: This was a cross sectional study, conducted in Skin & STD Out-Patient department in a tertiary care hospital between March 2018 and April 2019. A total of …

The Management Of Seborrheic Dermatitis 2020, Sandra Widaty, Kusmarinah Bramono, Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan, Ariyati Yosi, Eliza Miranda, Githa Rahmayunita, Herwinda Brahmanti, Henry W. Lim

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic relapsing dermatitis manifesting in the seborrheic area, affecting infants or adults. In Indonesia, the prevalence of SD is 0.99–5.8% of all dermatology cases from 2013 to 2015. SD has been known to be a prominent manifestation among HIV patients, but there is an increasing trend in the general population. Therefore, in 2017, the Indonesian Society for Dermatology and Venereology proposed a consensus for the management of SD in Indonesia based on the discussion from 12 dermatological centers. Concurrent with the development of new drugs, this study aims to evaluate and develop a …

Reversal Reaction With Nodules Clinical Manifestations That Initially Diagnosed As Erythema Nodosum Leprosum In Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy, Laila Tsaqilah, Pati Aji Achdiat, Hendra Gunawan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The reversal leprosy reaction generally manifest as larger, swollen, red and shiny the pre-existing skin lesions which are accompanied with pain. This reaction can be manifest as infiltration and nodules which resembles the features of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) leprosy reaction.

Case Illustration: We present a case of 26-year-old woman with erythematous nodules on almost all the body since two weeks ago. She had pre-existing erythema plaque on the right elbow became more erythematous and arouse with partially felt pain, fever, and malaise. Nodule lesions in BL leprosy with reaction need to be distinguished between ENL and …

The Absence Of Prophylactic Antibiotics Administration And The Surgical Site Infections Rate In Mohs Micrographic Surgery, Riva Ambardina Pradita, Larisa Paramitha Wibawa

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The use of prophylactic antibiotics in dermatologic surgery, particularly in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), remains a gray area. Despite the low rate of surgical site infection (SSI), SSI can result in some significant morbidities. Thus, numerous dermatologists keep administering prophylactic antibiotics in MMS.

Method: A search was conducted to identify clinically significant topics followed by literature review through the main available medical literature database. The three selected studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then critically assessed for their validity, importance, and applicability using the guidance from Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine for Critical Appraisal …

Case Series Of Primary Psychiatric Skin Disorders With Multi-Disciplinary Approach, Lusiana Lusiana, Rizky Lendi Prayogo, Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya, Irma Bernadette S. Sitohang, Kusmarinah Bramono

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The incidence of psychodermatologic diseases, a group of skin abnormalities associated with psychosomatic factor, are increasing recently. About 20-40% patients with skin symptoms have concurrent psychiatric problems which are often difficult to diagnose and treat. The new classification of primary psychiatric skin disorders are delusional disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, and factitious disorders. This classification could be used for effective treatment in each patient which involves multi-disciplinary approach, including dermatology, psychiatry and other discipline if necessary.

Case Illustration: The first case was a 39-year-old unmarried female, with anemia and dermatitis artefacta occurred as wound due to …

Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy Combined With Topical Treatment For Vitiligo In 2 Geriatric Patients, Rinadewi Astriningrum, Lili Legiawati, Vivianne Chandrakesuma, Department Of Dermatology And Venereology, Faculty Of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) become the mainstay of widespread vitiligo therapy due to its great efficacy and safety compared with other modalities. The use of NB-UVB for vitiligo has been widely studied in adult patients, while studies on geriatric patients specifically are still very limited. This report aims to show the immediate response after the initial treatment, side effects of therapy, and other problems that were encountered during therapy in two geriatric patients with vitiligo who have been followed up for more than 12 months.

Case Illustration: We reported two geriatric patients with vitiligo treated with NB-UVB …

Association Of Zinc Intake & Serum Zinc Levels With Acne Severity, Chintia Otami, Novita Chandra, Irma Bernadette S. Sitohang

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Recent studies have suggested the relationship between diet and acne, and zinc plays a role through its anti-inflammatory mechanism. This study aimed to determine the association between zinc intake and serum zinc levels with acne severity.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the difference in zinc intake and serum zinc levels with acne severity based on Indonesian Acne Expert Meeting (IAEM) criteria. Sixty patients with acne in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital were selected. The effect of zinc intake on acne severity was analyzed via unpaired T test, whereas the effect of serum zinc …

Validity And Reliability Of Melasma Quality Of Life Scale Questionnaire In Bahasa Indonesia For Female Patients, Rubby Aditya, Aida S. D. Hoemardani, Irma Bernadette, Levina Chandra, Rajesh Balkrisnan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: At present, there is no questionnaire in Bahasa Indonesia to assess the quality of life of female patients with melasma. The aim of this study is to adapt the existing English questionnaire, MELASQOL, into Bahasa Indonesia, and to assess its validity and reliability.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study consisting of two stages. The initial stage is cross-cultural and language adaptation. The final stage is the validity and reliability test. The original MELASQOL questionnaire is in English and is adapted into Bahasa Indonesia according to the cross-cultural and language adaptation guidelines. The subjects were recruited from two …

The Association Between Blotting Paper Application And Severity Of Acne Vulgaris Among Medical Students, Ivana Beatrice Alberta, Melyawati Hermawan, Soegianto Ali

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous glands caused by various factors including excessive excretion of sebaceous glands. Excess sebum can be reduced using oil blotting paper (OBP), a thin paper with microspores that absorb the oil on the face. This study was conducted to determine the association between OBP application and sebum excretion according to the Oily Skin Self- Assessment Scale (OSSAS) questionnaire and acne severity according to the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) questionnaire.

Methods: This experimental study was conducted in 2017 among 60 students aged 17–22 years at the Faculty of Medicine, …

The Applicability Of Sonic Hedgehog In Mixed Type Basal Cell Carcinoma, Zahra Ayu Lukita Sari, Yulia Farida Yahya, Theresia Lumban Toruan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy found in nonmelanoma skin cancer. There are multiple factors contribute to risks for BCC but the underlying mechanism is genetic alteration. The Sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is implicated in the etiology of the most common BCC. We reported BCC nodular type in the tip of nasal region with increase SHH.

Case Illustration: 50 years old man, presented with hyperpigmented tumor on the nasal tip which easily bleed since 6 months ago. Dermatological examination: the tip of nasal region: a solitaire irregular immobile hyperpigmented tumor, with the size …

Nail Involvement In Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Diagnostic And Prognostic Clues, Sondang P. Sirait, Rahadi Rihatmadja, Rizky Lendl Prayogo, Riesye Arisanty, Gisca Melviana, Kuniaki Ohara

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Introduction: Despite its rarity, nail involvement in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) may show various clinical presentations. This study aims to show the roles of nail involvement in LCH patients as the diagnostic and prognostic clues.
Case illustrations: We presented four cases of multisystem LCH in children which were already confirmed by skin biopsy with various nail abnormalities. We were able to perform nail biopsy in two patients and confirmed the nail involvement. Histopathological examination showed the infiltration of Langerhans cells characterized by indented/reniform nuclei and CD1a expressions. All patients had high-risk organ involvements.

Discussion: Langerhans cells may infiltrate …

Spontaneous Regression Of Divided Nevus Of The Eyelid Evaluated By Dermoscopy : Is It Hypopigmentation After Regression Or Vitiligo, Danang Tri Wahyudi, Izzah Aulia, Aida S. D. Hoemardani, Agassi Suseno Sutarjo

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Divided nevus, also known as “kissing nevus,” is a rare form of congenital melanocytic nevus that occurs on opposing margins of upper and lower eyelids. A paucity of literature on this rare anomaly exists, with most being case reports and series. Moreover, regression of this lesion was rarely reported.

Case Illustration: We present a rare case of congenital divided nevus of the eyelid that regressed after eight years, confirmed with dermoscopy. A six-year-old boy presented to the Dharmais National Cancer Hospital with two pigmented macules on the upper and lower right eyelid since birth. A year ago, …

A Case Of Ana-Negative Systemic Sclerosis Treated With Methylprednisolone, Carminda P. Rogacion, Veronica S, Uy, Reynaldo L. Ugalde, Emmerson Gale S. Vista

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Systemic sclerosis is a multi-systemic disease characterized by excessive fibrosis, inflammation, and vasculopathy. Common clinical features include skin thickening, telangiectasias, salt and pepper skin, beak-shaped nose, and microstomy. We report a case of ANA-negative systemic sclerosis in a male patient.

Case illustration: Our patient presented with a 10-month history of diffuse hyperpigmentation, skin tightening and decreased mouth aperture, accompanied by digital ulcers, hypopigmented macules and violaceous discoloration of the digits upon exposure to cold temperature. Punch biopsy done revealed mild acanthosis of the epidermis with basal cell layer hyperpigmentation, vacuolar alteration and thickening of the basement membrane …

Association Between Obesity And History Of Atopy With Atopic Dermatitis In Children: A Cross-Sectional Study, Putu Nila Wardhani Batan, Ariana Ariana, Made Wardhana

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has rapidly increased in the past 4 decades and has been mostly observed in children. The prevalence of obesity has also significantly increased worldwide, suggesting that the two conditions may be associated.

Methods: This retrospective analytic study involved a cross-sectional design and used secondary data taken from the medical record of patients who visited the Pediatric Dermatology Subdivision at Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic Sanglah General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. Thirty-two samples were selected.

Results: The prevalence ratio of obesity among subjects with AD was 2.178 (95% CI …

Treatment Of Multibacillary Leprosy Following The Development Of Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome, Sudarsono Sudarsono

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) multi-drug therapy (MDT) is the current standard treatment for leprosy. A wide range of frequency of adverse effects caused by MDT has been reported. Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) is a serious adverse effect caused by dapsone. Prompt withdrawal of dapsone is important aspect in the management of DHS. Alternative regimens are needed to treat leprosy patient with DHS.

Case Illustration: A 37-year-old man with multibacillary (MB) leprosy developed DHS in 39 days after the initiation of WHO MDT. Dapsone was withdrawn and methylprednisolone of 75 mg/day was prescribed. Twelve days after admission the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Female Sex Workers In Surakarta, Rini Hastuti, Danu Yuliarto, Agung Triana, Willa Damayanti, Rakhma Tri Irfanti, Mardiana Mardiana, Putti Fatiharani Dewi, Ambar Aliwardani, Ervianti Abas, Sulistyo Sulistyo, Prasetyadi Mawardi, Endra Yustin Ellistasari

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age and increases the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Data regarding the association between sexual activity and BV acquisition is contradictory. Thus, tracking the prevalence and associated risk factors of BV among female sex workers (FSWs) is necessary to improve our understanding and control of STDs and the HIV epidemic.

Methods: The subjects of this study were FSWs in Surakarta. This study adopted a cross-sectional design, and diagnosis was established using Amsel criteria. Interviews were conducted …

The Epidemiology Of Skin Cancer At Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital From 2014 To 2017, Larisa Paramitha Wibawa, Melody Febriana Andardewi, Inge Adi Kristanti, Riesye Arisanty

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The incidence of skin cancer has been increasing over the past decades globally. At present, there is no valid national cancer data in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the increment of skin cancer cases at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta.

Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, we evaluated all pigmented skin tumor cases from June 2014 to June 2017. Data were obtained from the Department of Anatomical Pathology and medical records at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. Data were compared with previous reports.

Results: From 263 skin cancer cases, …

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Diagnosis And Management, Lusiana Lusiana, Hikari Ambara Sjakti, Githa Rahmayunita, Tjut Nurul Alam Jacoeb, Inge Ade Krisanti

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of Langerhans dendritic cells. The incidence of LCH is 1 to 3 cases per 1 million children worldwide, and occurs most frequently in children of 1–4 years of age. The etiopathogenesis of LCH, whether it is neoplastic or reactive, is still controversial. Langerhans cell histiocytosis has a wide spectrum of clinical features, and dermatological abnormalities usually occur early. The most frequent lesions are elevated yellowish-red translucent papules about 1–2 mm in diameter and generally located in seborrheic areas. The most recent classification (the Histiocyte Society study 2017) …

The Use Of Systemic Medications In Pediatric Dermatoses: A Review, Shanthi Narla, Githa Rahmayunita, Rinadewi Astriningrum, Tor Shwayder, Ariyati Yosi, Henry W. Lim

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Research has begun to illustrate a favorable efficacy and side-effect profile for many systemic agents used in pediatric dermatological conditions (i.e. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, alopecia areata, chronic spontaneous urticaria, autoimmune blistering disorders, and hidradenitis suppurativa) despite not having extensive randomized clinical trials. The purpose of this article is to summarize the available data on the treatment regiments, safety, and efficacy of systemic immunosuppressants, including the newer biologics, focusing on the most up-to-date systematic reviews or randomized clinical trials. The review demonstrates that many of the present studies lack data on long-term efficacy and consist of small patient populations. Further …

Recurrent Basal Cell Carcinoma With Maxillary Bone Invasion, Adhimukti T. Sampurna, Eva Riani, Inge Ade Kristanti, Yayi Dwina, Kuniaki Ohara

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant, slow growing, and locally invasive skin tumor. Advanced and neglected BCC may invade adjacent structures. The 5-year recurrence rates of facial BCCs are 4.1% after excision and 2.5% after Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS). The number of BCC cases invading the bones of the head and neck region is limited.

Case Illustration: A 75-year-old male complained of bleeding and ulcer enlargement on the right cheek expanding to the right nasal ala for 1 month. The patient had a history of an enlarged and painful lenticular nodule with a hyperpigmented spot that …

Ulcus Vulvae Acutum - A Rare Case, Irene Dorthy Santoso, Ika Anggraini, Wresti Indriatmi, Yudo Irawan, Hanny Nilasari, Melani Marissa, Sondang P. Sirait, Rahadi Rihatmadja

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Ulcus vulvae acutum, also known as Lipschütz ulcer, is a rare condition characterized by multiple, painful, and acute genital ulceration in young women without venereal infections, associated with systemic symptoms like malaise, fever, and inguinal lymphadenopathy.

Case Illustration: A 24-year-old woman developed multiple and painful vulvar ulcers that recurred for almost a year. The patient was primarily diagnosed and treated as genital herpes in several hospitals with only slight improvement and no complete healing. The patient came to our hospital for examinations to rule out sexually-transmitted infection (STI) (genital herpes, syphilis, HIV, and chancroid) and possibility of …

Clinical Diagnostic Matrix (Cdm) As A Tool To Diagnose Subtypes Of Epidermolysis Bullosa Cases In Children, Suci Widhiati, Benazier Marcella, Susanti Rosmala Dewi, Anggana Rafika Paramitasari, Endra Yustin Ellistari, Indah Julianto

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare genetic skin disease characterized by trauma-induced blisters, which appear shortly after birth. Immunofluorescence antigen mapping and mutational analysis are essential for establishing an accurate diagnosis of EB. However, in limited resource settings like in Indonesia, such techniques are not always readily available, forcing many clinicians to diagnose EB based on clinical features alone that is often inaccurate. Recently, a novel clinical diagnostic matrix (CDM) tool has been developed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of EB in such settings.

Case Illustration: We examined clinical photographs and medical records of patients registered at …