Diseases Commons^™

Incident Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection In A High School Population, Jacques M. Nsuami, Wato Nsa, Catherine L. Cammarata, David H. Martin, Stephanie N. Taylor

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Prospective cohort studies of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are logistically impractical owing to time and expenses. In schools, students are readily available for school-related follow-ups and monitoring. Capitalizing on the logistics that society already commits to ensure regular attendance of adolescents in school, a school-based STI screening in New Orleans made it possible to naturally observe the occurrence of chlamydia and to determine its incidence among 14–19-year-old adolescents. Among participants screened repeatedly, we calculated incidence rates, cumulative incidence, and incidence times. Male (n = 3820) and female (n = 3501) students were observed for 6251 and 5143 person-years, respectively, during …

An International Working Group Consensus Report For The Prioritization Of Molecular Biomarkers For Ewing Sarcoma, David S Shulman, Sarah B Whittle, Didier Surdez, Kelly M Bailey, Enrique De Álava, Jason T Yustein, Adam Shlien, Masanori Hayashi, Alexander J R Bishop, Brian D Crompton, Steven G Dubois, Neerav Shukla, Patrick J Leavey, Stephen L Lessnick, Heinrich Kovar, Olivier Delattre, Thomas G P Grünewald, Cristina R Antonescu, Ryan D Roberts, Jeffrey A Toretsky, Franck Tirode, Richard Gorlick, Katherine A Janeway, Damon Reed, Elizabeth R Lawlor, Patrick J Grohar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The advent of dose intensified interval compressed therapy has improved event-free survival for patients with localized Ewing sarcoma (EwS) to 78% at 5 years. However, nearly a quarter of patients with localized tumors and 60-80% of patients with metastatic tumors suffer relapse and die of disease. In addition, those who survive are often left with debilitating late effects. Clinical features aside from stage have proven inadequate to meaningfully classify patients for risk-stratified therapy. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop approaches to risk stratify patients with EwS based on molecular features. Over the past decade, new technology has enabled …

Association Between Abnormal Lipid Profile And Inflammation And Progression Of Myelodysplastic Syndrome To Acute Leukemia, Wei Qiao, Elliana Young, Chun Feng, Suyu Liu, Jeff Jin, Laila Noor, Cristhiam M Rojas Hernandez, Gautam Borthakur, Olga Gorlova, Vahid Afshar-Kharghan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with a small risk of developing hematologic malignancies and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We asked whether the reverse correlation exists and cardiometabolic risk factors have an impact on the progression of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated the association between abnormal lipid profiles and inflammation in MDS, which shares many genetic mutations with CHIP, and the risk of developing acute leukemia. We examined the medical records of 11071 MDS patients. Among them, 5422 had at least one lipid profile or C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement. In …

Associations Between Cannabis, Psychosis, And Schizophrenia In Adolescents, Lauren Moment

Academic Leadership Journal in Student Research

The effects of cannabis use on the brain, mind, and body have been studied for decades. The developing brain, particularly the adolescent and young adult brain, undergoes critical development that makes it especially susceptible to the effects of cannabis use. Among the adverse effects of cannabis use in adolescence and young adulthood, psychosis and psychotic disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) have been examined. The association of cannabis use with schizophrenia was first elucidated in a Swedish study of army conscripts. Specifically, conscripts reported their cannabis use exposure and were followed longitudinally to assess the emergence of schizophrenia. The authors found that those …

International Consensus Classification Of Myeloid Neoplasms And Acute Leukemias: Integrating Morphologic, Clinical, And Genomic Data, Daniel A Arber, Attilio Orazi, Robert P Hasserjian, Michael J Borowitz, Katherine R Calvo, Hans-Michael Kvasnicka, Sa A Wang, Adam Bagg, Tiziano Barbui, Susan Branford, Carlos E Bueso-Ramos, Jorge E Cortes, Paola Dal Cin, Courtney D Dinardo, Hervé Dombret, Eric J Duncavage, Benjamin L Ebert, Elihu H Estey, Fabio Facchetti, Kathryn Foucar, Naseema Gangat, Umberto Gianelli, Lucy A Godley, Nicola Gökbuget, Jason Gotlib, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Gabriela S Hobbs, Ronald Hoffman, Elias J Jabbour, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Richard A Larson, Michelle M Le Beau, Mignon L-C Loh, Bob Löwenberg, Elizabeth Macintyre, Luca Malcovati, Charles G Mullighan, Charlotte Niemeyer, Olatoyosi M Odenike, Seishi Ogawa, Alberto Orfao, Elli Papaemmanuil, Francesco Passamonti, Kimmo Porkka, Ching-Hon Pui, Jerald P Radich, Andreas Reiter, Maria Rozman, Martina Rudelius, Michael R Savona, Charles A Schiffer, Annette Schmitt-Graeff, Akiko Shimamura, Jorge Sierra, Wendy A Stock, Richard M Stone, Martin S Tallman, Jürgen Thiele, Hwei-Fang Tien, Alexandar Tzankov, Alessandro M Vannucchi, Paresh Vyas, Andrew H Wei, Olga K Weinberg, Agnieszka Wierzbowska, Mario Cazzola, Hartmut Döhner, Ayalew Tefferi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias was last updated in 2016 within a collaboration between the World Health Organization (WHO), the Society for Hematopathology, and the European Association for Haematopathology. This collaboration was primarily based on input from a clinical advisory committees (CACs) composed of pathologists, hematologists, oncologists, geneticists, and bioinformaticians from around the world. The recent advances in our understanding of the biology of hematologic malignancies, the experience with the use of the 2016 WHO classification in clinical practice, and the results of clinical trials have indicated the need for further revising and updating the classification. As …

Risk And Incidence Of Head And Neck Cancers In Veterans Living With Hiv And Matched Hiv-Negative Veterans, Angela L Mazul, Christine M Hartman, Yvonne M Mowery, Jennifer R Kramer, Donna L White, Kathryn E Royse, Suchismita Raychaudhury, Vlad C Sandulache, Sarah T Ahmed, Jose P Zevallos, Peter A Richardson, Andrew G Sikora, Elizabeth Y Chiao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Persons living with HIV/AIDS have a higher incidence of virus-related and tobacco/alcohol-related cancers. This study is the first to estimate the effect of HIV versus HIV-negative veterans on the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma incidence in a large retrospective cohort study.

METHODS: The authors constructed a retrospective cohort study using patient data from 1999 to 2016 from the National Veterans Administration Corporate Data Warehouse and the VA Central Cancer Registry. This cohort study included 45,052 veterans living with HIV/AIDS and 162,486 HIV-negative patients matched by age, sex, and index visit (i.e., HIV diagnosis date or clinic …

Stones, Bones, And Groans With Cancerous Overtones - A Rare Case Of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Presenting As Hypercalcemia, Evan Becker, Caitlyn Moss, Steve Chung

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can present in a variety of ways including fever, weight loss, weakness, and drenching night sweats. Uncommonly, hypercalcemia of malignancy can be associated with DLBCL through multiple mechanisms that include synthesis of parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) or elevated calcitriol levels. It is estimated that hypercalcemia in the setting of DLBCL is present in 18% of newly diagnosed cases. This report details a case of an 80-year-old man with history of chronic anemia and CKD stage 3b that presented with weakness, decreased oral intake, and self-reported weight …

Social Media Impact Of Articles Published By Dermatology Residents During Medical School: Cross-Sectional Study, Austin Huang, Harrison Zhu, Kelvin Zhou, R Parker Kirby, Nina Dasari, Gianmarco A Calderara, Kathryn Cordova, Ryan Sorensen, Anshul Bhatnagar, Soo Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The Altmetric score (AS) is a novel measure of publication impact that is calculated by the number of mentions across various social media websites. This method may have advantages over traditional bibliometrics in the context of research by medical students.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether dermatology matriculants who graduated from higher-ranked medical schools published more articles with greater impact (ie, a higher AS) than those from lower-ranked institutions.

METHODS: A PubMed search for articles published by dermatology residents who started medical school in 2020 was conducted. Demographic information and Altmetric data were collected, and medical schools were …

Measure Dx: Implementing Pathways To Discover And Learn From Diagnostic Errors, Andrea Bradford, Marjorie Shofer, Hardeep Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Despite the high frequency of diagnostic errors, multiple barriers, including measurement, make it difficult learn from these events. This article discusses Measure Dx, a new resource from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality that translates knowledge from diagnostic safety measurement research into actionable recommendations. Measure Dx guides healthcare organizations to detect, analyze, and learn from diagnostic safety events as part of a continuous learning and feedback cycle. Wider adoption of Measure Dx, along with the implementation of solutions that result, can advance new frontiers in reducing preventable diagnostic harm to patients.

Mutations In Bcor, A Co-Repressor Of Crx/Otx2, Are Associated With Early-Onset Retinal Degeneration, Maéva Langouët, Christine Jolicoeur, Awais Javed, Pierre Mattar, Micah D Gearhart, Stephen P Daiger, Mette Bertelsen, Lisbeth Tranebjærg, Nanna D Rendtorff, Karen Grønskov, Catherine Jespersgaard, Rui Chen, Zixi Sun, Hui Li, Najmeh Alirezaie, Jacek Majewski, Vivian J Bardwell, Ruifang Sui, Robert K Koenekoop, Michel Cayouette

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Many transcription factors regulating the production, survival, and function of photoreceptor cells have been identified, but little is known about transcriptional co-regulators in retinal health and disease. Here, we show that BCL6 co-repressor (BCOR), a Polycomb repressive complex 1 factor mutated in various cancers, is involved in photoreceptor degenerative diseases. Using proteomics and transcription assays, we report that BCOR interacts with the transcription factors CRX and OTX2 and reduces their ability to activate the promoters of photoreceptor-specific genes. CUT&RUN sequencing further shows that BCOR shares genome-wide binding profiles with CRX/OTX2, consistent with a general co-repression activity. We also identify missense …

Active And Passive Immunization With An Anti-Methamphetamine Vaccine Attenuates The Behavioral And Cardiovascular Effects Of Methamphetamine, Colin N. Haile, Kurt J. Varner, Xia Huijing, Reetakshi Arora, Frank M. Orson, Thomas R. Kosten, Therese A. Kosten

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a growing health concern with no FDA-approved treatment. The present series of studies build upon our previous work developing an anti-methamphetamine (MA) vaccine for MUD. We determined the effects of a formulation that included tetanus-toxoid (TT) conjugated to succinyl-methamphetamine (TT-SMA) adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide (alum) in combination with the novel Toll-Like Receptor-5 agonist, entolimod. Methods: Mice were vaccinated (0, 3, 6 weeks) with TT-SMA+alum and various doses of entolimod to determine an optimal dose for enhancing immunogenicity against MA. Functional effects were then assessed using MA-induced locomotor activation in mice. Experiments using passive immunization …

Post Covid-19 Cognitive Impairment In A Patient With Bipolar Disorder, Nilanjana Dutta, Raghav Gupta, Dr. M Kishor Mbbs, Md

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

COVID-19 has caused widespread health conditions, psychological and social distress among people and there is evidence that shows profound neuropsychiatric complications during acute and post-recovery phases of the infection. Cognitive impairment occurring after COVID-19 infection can be explained by various mechanisms, including persistent systemic inflammation, direct viral invasion, alteration in the blood-brain barrier, and cerebrovascular endothelial injury.There are few studies that have explored the impact of COVID-19 on pre-existing psychiatric conditions. This case report highlights the temporal association of cognitive impairment with COVID-19 and the need for cognitive assessment and management in post-COVID-19 patients with pre-existing psychiatric conditions.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder With Porn Addiction During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Varuni Pragya, M Kishor Dr.

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 Pandemic is an unprecedented humanitarian crisis that has affected the mental health of individuals immensely. OCD was among the mental health conditions that emerged with the new norm that is associated with repeated hand wash, social distancing and testing to confirm COVID-19. Nissen et al. (2020) found that there was a significant positive correlation between total OCD severity scores and the occurrence of OCD aggressive and sexual symptoms. [6] The COVID-19 lockdown translated into physical isolation, driving individuals to waste time online with no definite purpose, spending longer, abnormal durations of time online when bored, leading to increased …

Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 disease, is a highly infectious and transmissible viral pathogen that continues to impact human health globally. Nearly ~600 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, and about half exhibit some degree of continuing health complication, generically referred to as long COVID. Lingering and often serious neurological problems for patients in the post-COVID-19 recovery period include brain fog, behavioral changes, confusion, delirium, deficits in intellect, cognition and memory issues, loss of balance and coordination, problems with vision, visual processing and hallucinations, encephalopathy, encephalitis, neurovascular or cerebrovascular insufficiency, and/or …

The Lawnmower And The Pediatric Lower Extremity: A Catastrophic Combination, Alvaro Tamayo-Gutierrez, Hassan N Ibrahim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Heart failure can lead to renal impairment, an interaction now termed "cardiorenal syndrome." The prevalent physiological explanation for the renal impairment that accompanies heart failure centers around the forward failure hypothesis, which emphasizes the role of left ventricular dysfunction in causing edema, and the backward failure hypothesis, which singles out venous congestion as the dominant mechanism of edema and reduced glomerular filtration rate. In this review, we provide an appraisal on venous congestion, an extremely important contributor that has received little attention. We also summarize the pharmacology of loop diuretics, explain current understanding of diuretic resistance, and address controversies regarding …

Xpert Mtb/Rif Ultra Assay For Tuberculosis Disease And Rifampicin Resistance In Children, Alexander W Kay, Tara Ness, Sabine E Verkuijl, Kerri Viney, Annemieke Brands, Tiziana Masini, Lucia González Fernández, Michael Eisenhut, Anne K Detjen, Anna M Mandalakas, Karen R Steingart, Yemisi Takwoingi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Every year, an estimated one million children and young adolescents become ill with tuberculosis, and around 226,000 of those children die. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) is a molecular World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended rapid diagnostic test that simultaneously detects Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance. We previously published a Cochrane Review 'Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assays for tuberculosis disease and rifampicin resistance in children'. The current review updates evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert Ultra in children presumed to have tuberculosis disease. Parts of this review update informed the 2022 WHO updated guidance on management of …

In Vivo Measurement Of Intradiscal Pressure Changes Related To Thrust And Non-Thrust Spinal Manipulation In An Animal Model: A Pilot Study, William R Reed, Michael A K Liebschner, Carla R Lima, Harshvardhan Singh, Christopher P Hurt, Daniel F Martins, James M Cox, Maruti R Gudavalli

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The intervertebral disc is a known back pain generator and is frequently the focus of spinal manipulative therapy evaluation and treatment. The majority of our current knowledge regarding intradiscal pressure (IDP) changes related to spinal manual therapy involves cadaveric studies with their inherent limitations. Additional in vivo animal models are needed to investigate intervertebral disc physiological and molecular mechanisms related to spinal manipulation and spinal mobilization treatment for low back disorders.

METHODS: Miniature pressure catheters (Millar SPR-1000) were inserted into either the L4-L5 or L5-L6 intervertebral disc of 3 deeply anesthetized adult cats (Oct 2012-May 2013). Changes in IDP …

A Potential Role For Substance P In West Nile Virus Neuropathogenesis, Shannon E Ronca, Sarah M Gunter, Rebecca Berry Kairis, Allison Lino, Jonathan Romero, Robia G Pautler, Alan Nimmo, Kristy O Murray

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Of individuals who develop West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND), ~10% will die and >40% will develop long-term complications. Current treatment recommendations solely focus on supportive care; therefore, we urgently need to identify novel and effective therapeutic options. We observed a correlation between substance P (SP), a key player in neuroinflammation, and its receptor Neurokinin-1 (NK1R). Our study in a wild-type BL6 mouse model found that SP is upregulated in the brain during infection, which correlated with neuroinvasion and damage to the blood−brain barrier. Blocking the SP/NK1R interaction beginning at disease onset modestly improved survival and prolonged time to death in …

Impact Of Social Determinants Of Health On Anticoagulant Use Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Systemic Review And Meta-Analysis, Rasha Khatib, Nicole Glowacki, John Byrne, Peter Brady

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature now exists examining associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation; however, little is available on anticoagulant prescriptions and the impact of SDOH.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the impact of SDOH on anticoagulant prescriptions in patients with atrial fibrillation.

DATA SOURCES: Medline and Embase databases up to January 2021.

STUDY SELECTION: Noninterventional studies were included if they reported associations between at least 1 of 14 SDOH domains and anticoagulant prescription in patients with atrial fibrillation. Two investigators independently screened and collected data.

DATA EXTRACTION: Two investigators independently screened and …

Preoperative Inflammatory Markers As Prognostic Predictors After Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resection: Data From A Western Referral Center, João Paulo Maciel Silva, Fabricio Ferreira Coelho, Alex Jones Flores Cassenote, Vagner Birk Jeismann, Gilton Marques Fonseca, Jaime Arthur Pirola Kruger, José Donizeti De Meira Júnior, Sérgio Carlos Nahas, Paulo Herman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent studies from eastern centers have demonstrate an association between inflammatory response and long-term outcomes after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection. However, the prognostic impact of inflammatory markers in western patients, with distinct tumor and epidemiologic features, is still unknown.

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic impact of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), as well as their impact according to tumor size (< 5 cm, 5-10 cm, > 10 cm) in patients undergoing HCC resection with curative intent.

METHODS: Optimal cut-off values for NLR, PLR, and MLR were determined by plotting the receiver operator curves. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free …

Ppm1d In Solid And Hematologic Malignancies: Friend And Foe?, Linda Zhang, Joanne I Hsu, Margaret A Goodell

Center on Aging Staff Publications

In the face of constant genomic insults, the DNA damage response (DDR) is initiated to preserve genome integrity; its disruption is a classic hallmark of cancer. Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1D (PPM1D) is a central negative regulator of the DDR that is mutated or amplified in many solid cancers. PPM1D overexpression is associated with increased proliferative and metastatic behavior in multiple solid tumor types and patients with PPM1D-mutated malignancies have poorer prognoses. Recent findings have sparked an interest in the role of PPM1D in hematologic malignancies. Acquired somatic mutations may provide hematopoietic stem cells with a competitive advantage, leading to a …

Retinoic Acid Receptor Activation Reduces Metastatic Prostate Cancer Bone Lesions By Blocking The Endothelial-To-Osteoblast Transition, Guoyu Yu, Paul G Corn, Pengfei Shen, Jian H Song, Yu-Chen Lee, Song-Chang Lin, Jing Pan, Sandeep K Agarwal, Theocharis Panaretakis, Maurizio Pacifici, Christopher J Logothetis, Li-Yuan Yu-Lee, Sue-Hwa Lin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) in the bone induces bone-forming lesions that contribute to progression and therapy resistance. PCa-induced bone originates from endothelial cells (EC) that have undergone endothelial-to-osteoblast (EC-to-OSB) transition in response to tumor-secreted BMP4. Current strategies targeting PCa-induced bone formation are lacking. Here, we show that activation of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) inhibits EC-to-OSB transition and reduces PCa-induced bone formation. Treatment with palovarotene, an RARγ agonist being tested for heterotopic ossification in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, inhibited EC-to-OSB transition and osteoblast mineralization in vitro and decreased tumor-induced bone formation and tumor growth in several osteogenic PCa models, and similar effects …

Defining The Role Of Powassan Virus In Evading Host Antiviral Immunity (September 2022), Melissa Molho, Phd, Holly Ramage, Phd

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Posters

Background

Powassan Virus (POWV) is an emerging neurotropic flavivirus transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected tick. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment nor approved vaccine for POWV. During infection, many interferon-independent host proteins and pathways sense and respond to viral infection. Flaviviruses have evolved multiple mechanisms to counteract host antiviral programs, often with individual viral proteins mediating this antagonism. However, it has not been determined if these mechanisms are conserved across diverse flaviviruses.

Patient-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Models For Individualized Predictions Of Liver Disease, Alexandra Manchel, Jan B. Hoek, Ramon Bataller, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The prevalence of liver disease is steadily increasing, coupled with the limited availability of therapeutic treatments. Recent literature points to metabolic reprogramming as a key feature of liver failure. Hence, we sought to uncover the metabolic pathways and mechanisms associated with liver disease and acute liver failure. We generated patient-specific genome scale metabolic models by integrating RNA-seq data from patient liver samples with a generalized human metabolic model. Flux balance analysis simulations showed a distinct separation of non-alcohol associated and alcohol-associated disease states. Our analysis suggests that the alcohol associated liver has an increased flux through nucleotide and glycerophospholipid metabolic …

Genome-Wide Association Analyses Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior Provide Insights Into Underlying Mechanisms And Roles In Disease Prevention, Zhe Wang, Andrew Emmerich, Nicolas J Pillon, Tim Moore, Daiane Hemerich, Marilyn C Cornelis, Eugenia Mazzaferro, Siacia Broos, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Traci M Bartz, Amy R Bentley, Lawrence F Bielak, Mike Chong, Audrey Y Chu, Diane Berry, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Nicole D Dueker, Elisa Kasbohm, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary F Feitosa, Christian Gieger, Mariaelisa Graff, Leanne M Hall, Toomas Haller, Fernando P Hartwig, David A Hillis, Ville Huikari, Nancy Heard-Costa, Christina Holzapfel, Anne U Jackson, Åsa Johansson, Anja Moltke Jørgensen, Marika A Kaakinen, Robert Karlsson, Kathleen F Kerr, Boram Kim, Chantal M Koolhaas, Zoltan Kutalik, Vasiliki Lagou, Penelope A Lind, Mattias Lorentzon, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Massimo Mangino, Christoph Metzendorf, Kristine R Monroe, Alexander Pacolet, Louis Pérusse, Rene Pool, Rebecca C Richmond, Natalia V Rivera, Sebastien Robiou-Du-Pont, Katharina E Schraut, Christina-Alexandra Schulz, Heather M Stringham, Toshiko Tanaka, Alexander Teumer, Constance Turman, Peter J Van Der Most, Mathias Vanmunster, Frank J A Van Rooij, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Jing-Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, Zhanna Balkhiyarova, Marie N Balslev-Harder, Sebastian E Baumeister, John Beilby, John Blangero, Dorret I Boomsma, Soren Brage, Peter S Braund, Jennifer A Brody, Marcel Bruinenberg, Ulf Ekelund, Ching-Ti Liu, John W Cole, Francis S Collins, L Adrienne Cupples, Tõnu Esko, Stefan Enroth, Jessica D Faul, Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes, Alison E Fohner, Oscar H Franco, Tessel E Galesloot, Scott D Gordon, Niels Grarup, Catharina A Hartman, Gerardo Heiss, Jennie Hui, Thomas Illig, Russell Jago, Alan James, Peter K Joshi, Taeyeong Jung, Mika Kähönen, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Woon-Puay Koh, Ivana Kolcic, Peter P Kraft, Johanna Kuusisto, Lenore J Launer, Aihua Li, Allan Linneberg, Jian'an Luan, Pedro Marques Vidal, Sarah E Medland, Yuri Milaneschi, Arden Moscati, Bill Musk, Christopher P Nelson, Ilja M Nolte, Nancy L Pedersen, Annette Peters, Patricia A Peyser, Christine Power, Olli T Raitakari, Mägi Reedik, Alex P Reiner, Paul M Ridker, Igor Rudan, Kathy Ryan, Mark A Sarzynski, Laura J Scott, Robert A Scott, Stephen Sidney, Kristin Siggeirsdottir, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Emily Sonestedt, Marin Strøm, E Shyong Tai, Koon K Teo, Barbara Thorand, Anke Tönjes, Angelo Tremblay, Andre G Uitterlinden, Jagadish Vangipurapu, Natasja Van Schoor, Uwe Völker, Gonneke Willemsen, Kayleen Williams, Quenna Wong, Huichun Xu, Kristin L Young, Jian Min Yuan, M Carola Zillikens, Alan B Zonderman, Adam Ameur, Stefania Bandinelli, Joshua C Bis, Michael Boehnke, Claude Bouchard, Daniel I Chasman, George Davey Smith, Eco J C De Geus, Louise Deldicque, Marcus Dörr, Michele K Evans, Luigi Ferrucci, Myriam Fornage, Caroline Fox, Theodore Garland, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ulf Gyllensten, Torben Hansen, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L Horta, Elina Hyppönen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, W Craig Johnson, Sharon L R Kardia, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Markku Laakso, Claudia Langenberg, Terho Lehtimäki, Loic Le Marchand, Patrik K E Magnusson, Nicholas G Martin, Mads Melbye, Andres Metspalu, David Meyre, Kari E North, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Marju Orho-Melander, Guillaume Pare, Taesung Park, Oluf Pedersen, Brenda W J H Penninx, Tune H Pers, Ozren Polasek, Inga Prokopenko, Charles N Rotimi, Nilesh J Samani, Xueling Sim, Harold Snieder, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Tim D Spector, Nicholas J Timpson, Rob M Van Dam, Nathalie Van Der Velde, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Trudy Voortman, Gérard Waeber, Nicholas J Wareham, David R Weir, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, James F Wilson, Andrea L Hevener, Anna Krook, Juleen R Zierath, Martine A I Thomis, Ruth J F Loos, Marcel Den Hoed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies yields 99 loci that associate with self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST) and/or sedentary behavior at work. Loci associated with LST are enriched for genes whose expression in skeletal muscle is altered by resistance training. A missense variant in ACTN3 makes the alpha-actinin-3 filaments more flexible, resulting in lower maximal force in isolated type IIA muscle …

The Insulin Receptor Regulates The Persistence Of Mechanical Nociceptive Sensitization In Flies And Mice, Tatiana V Karpinets, Xiaogang Wu, Travis Solley, Molly B El Alam, Travis T Sims, Kyoko Yoshida-Court, Erica Lynn, Mustapha Ahmed-Kaddar, Greyson Biegert, Jingyan Yue, Xingzhi Song, Huandong Sun, Joseph F Petrosino, Melissa P Mezzari, Pablo Okhuysen, Patricia J Eifel, Anuja Jhingran, Lilie L Lin, Kathleen M Schmeler, Lois Ramondetta, Nadim Ajami, Robert R Jenq, Andrew Futreal, Jianhua Zhang, Ann H Klopp, Lauren E Colbert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Early phase diabetes is often accompanied by pain sensitization. In Drosophila, the insulin receptor (InR) regulates the persistence of injury-induced thermal nociceptive sensitization. Whether Drosophila InR also regulates the persistence of mechanical nociceptive sensitization remains unclear. Mice with a sensory neuron deletion of the insulin receptor (Insr) show normal nociceptive baselines; however, it is uncertain whether deletion of Insr in nociceptive sensory neurons leads to persistent nociceptive hypersensitivity. In this study, we used fly and mouse nociceptive sensitization models to address these questions. In flies, InR mutants and larvae with sensory neuron-specific expression of RNAi …

Indocyanine Green Angiography As The Principal Design And Perfusion Assessment Tool For The Supraclavicular Artery Island Flap In Head And Neck Reconstruction, Jo-Lawrence M Bigcas, Carolyn A Debiase, Tang Ho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A consecutive case series of supraclavicular artery island flaps was designed using indocyanine green angiography (IcG-A) in head and neck reconstruction to demonstrate its utilization in supraclavicular artery island flap (SCAIF) head and neck reconstruction. IcG-A was used consecutively between April 2014 and July 2015 to evaluate its use in flap design, inset, and intraoperative decision-making in five patients undergoing head and neck reconstruction. Six SCAIFs were harvested in five patients where IcG-A was used as the primary tool for flap design by visually mapping the supraclavicular artery under fluorescence. Each flap was harvested around the mapped course of the …

Efficacy And Safety Of Topical Hypericin Photodynamic Therapy For Early-Stage Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides): The Flash Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial, Ellen J Kim, Aaron R Mangold, Jennifer A Desimone, Henry K Wong, Lucia Seminario-Vidal, Joan Guitart, James Appel, Larisa Geskin, Edward Lain, Neil J Korman, Nathalie Zeitouni, Neda Nikbakht, Kenneth Dawes, Oleg Akilov, Joi Carter, Michi Shinohara, Timothy M Kuzel, Warren Piette, Neal Bhatia, Amy Musiek, David Pariser, Youn H Kim, Dirk Elston, Erin Boh, Madeleine Duvic, Auris Huen, Theresa Pacheco, Jeffrey P Zwerner, Seung Tae Lee, Michael Girardi, Christiane Querfeld, Kimberly Bohjanen, Elise Olsen, Gary S Wood, Adam Rumage, Oreola Donini, Andrea Haulenbeek, Christopher J Schaber, Richard Straube, Christopher Pullion, Alain H Rook, Brian Poligone

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Given that mycosis fungoides-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (MF/CTCL) is chronic, there is a need for additional therapies with minimal short- and long-term adverse effects. Topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light is a novel, nonmutagenic photodynamic therapy (PDT).

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy and safety of topical synthetic hypericin ointment, 0.25%, activated with visible light as a nonmutagenic PDT in early-stage MF/CTCL.

DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, phase 3 randomized clinical trial (FLASH study) conducted from December 2015 to November 2020 at 39 academic and community-based US medical centers. Participants were adults (≥18 …

Practice Patterns And Adherence To Society Guidelines For Suspected Choledocholithiasis: A Comparison Of Academic And Community Settings From A Large Us Healthcare System, Shahrooz Rashtak, Hemant Goyal, Aswathi Chandran, Bhavtosh Dedania, Prithvi Patil, Vaibhav Wadhwa, Sushovan Guha, Tomas Davee, Srinivas Ramireddy, Nirav Thosani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) has proposed practice guidelines for evaluating patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. This study aims to assess and compare practice patterns for following ASGE guidelines for choledocholithiasis in a large academic vs. community hospital setting.

METHODS: A total of one thousand ER indicated for choledocholithiasis were randomly selected. Patients' demographics, total bilirubin, imaging studies including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and ERCP results were retrospectively collected. Patients with prior sphincterotomy were excluded. We examined the following practice deviations from the current ASGE guidelines; (1) ERCP was potentially delayed in …

Predominantly Persistent Intraretinal Fluid In The Comparison Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials, Jason Q Core, Maxwell Pistilli, Peiying Hua, Ebenezer Daniel, Juan E Grunwald, Cynthia A Toth, Glenn J Jaffe, Daniel F Martin, Maureen G Maguire, Gui-Shuang Ying, Comparison Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (Catt) Research Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: To describe predominantly persistent intraretinal fluid (PP-IRF) and its association with visual acuity (VA) and retinal anatomic findings at long-term follow-up in eyes treated with pro re nata (PRN) ranibizumab or bevacizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

DESIGN: Cohort within a randomized clinical trial.

PARTICIPANTS: Participants in the Comparison of Age-related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials (CATT) assigned to PRN treatment.

METHODS: The presence of intraretinal fluid (IRF) on OCT scans was assessed at baseline and monthly follow-up visits by Duke OCT Reading Center. Predominantly persistent intraretinal fluid through week 12, year 1, and year 2 was defined as the …