Diseases Commons^™

Incidence And Outcome Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation In Patients With Shunted Single Ventricle: Advantage Of Right Ventricle To Pulmonary Artery Shunt., Eric M. Graham, Geoffrey A. Forbus, Scott M. Bradley, Girish S. Shirali, Andrew M. Atz

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

The Zucker Rat As A Model Of Obesity-Hypertension, Ryan Morrison

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Hypertension is a serious health problem that affects approximately 1 in 4 American adults. Most cases are diagnosed as essential hypertension, meaning that the exact cause is unknown. In most patients, however, excess weight is a major contributory factor to the development of essential hypertension. The role of obesity in promoting hypertension is now well documented and has become the foundation for an entire field of research known alternately as obesity-hypertension, obesity-induced hypertension, or obesity-associated hypertension. In this field, rapid advances are being made in our understanding of how obesity and hypertension are linked. A plethora of related risk factors, …

Cardiac Transplant Following Failed Fontan Or Glenn Procedures., Naveen L. Pereira, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Tgf-Beta1 And Serum Both Stimulate Contraction But Differentially Affect Apoptosis In 3d Collagen Gels, Tetsu Kobayashi, Xiangde Liu, Hui Jung Kim, Tadashi Kohyama, Fu-Qiang Wen, Shinji Abe, Qiuhong Fang, Yun Kui Zhu, John R. Spurzem, Peter Bitterman, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Apoptosis of fibroblasts may be key for the removal of cells following repair processes. Contraction of three-dimensional collagen gels is a model of wound healing and remodeling. Here two potent inducers of contraction, TGF-beta1 and fetal calf serum (FCS) were evaluated for their effect on fibroblast apoptosis in contracting collagen gels. Human fetal lung fibroblasts were cultured in floating type I collagen gels, exposed to TGF-beta1 or FCS, and allowed to contract for 5 days. Apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL and confirmed by DNA content profiling. Both TGF-beta1 and serum significantly augmented collagen gel contraction. TGF-beta1 also increased apoptosis assessed …

Mouse Cytomegalovirus M33 Is Necessary And Sufficient In Virus-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration, Ryan Melnychuk, Patsy Smith, Craig N. Kreklywich, Franziska Ruchti, Jennifer Totonchy, Laurel Hall, Lambert Loh, Jay A. Nelson, Susan L. Orloff, Daniel N. Streblow

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encodes two potential seven-transmembrane-spanning proteins with homologies to cellular chemokine receptors, M33 and M78. While these virus-encoded chemokine receptors are necessary for the in vivo pathogenesis of MCMV, the function of these proteins is unknown. Since vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration is of critical importance for the development of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases, the ability of M33 to promote SMC motility was assessed. Similar to human CMV, MCMV induced the migration of mouse aortic SMCs but not mouse fibroblasts. To demonstrate whether M33 was required for MCMV-induced SMC migration, we employed interfering-RNA technology to specifically …

Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Hussain, Riaz Lakdawala, Fayyaz Hussain, Javaid Khan

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

No abstract provided.

The Short-Term Effects Of Grade 1 And 2 Joint Mobilizations On Subject Pain Range Of Motion And Muscle Activity In The Pathological Lumbar Spine, Sean Hanrahan

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of Grades 1 and 2 posteroanterior joint mobilizations (JM) at the pathological lumbar spine on subject pain, range of motion (ROM), and muscle force. All subjects were determined to have sustained mechanical dysfunction of the lumbar spine of less than 48 hours as assessed through a standardized evaluation. Subjects were randomly assigned to a group; the control group received ice and stretching while the experimental group received JM in addition to ice and stretching. The JM's were performed at 3 consecutive lumbar segments surrounding the area of greatest discomfort. …

Platelets Stimulate Fibroblast-Mediated Contraction Of Collagen Gels, Ulrika Zagai, Karin Fredriksson, Stephen I. Rennard, Joachim Lundahl, C. Magnus Sköld

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Platelets are thought to play a role in a variety of inflammatory conditions in the lung, some of which may lead to fibrosis. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that whole platelets and platelet lysate can mediate remodelling of extracellular matrix in vitro by affecting fibroblast-mediated contraction of a collagen gel. We also sought to determine to what extent platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) contribute to this effect.

METHODS: Washed platelets, isolated from healthy blood donors, and platelet lysate (freezing and thawing), were cast together with human lung fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen gels. …

Human Cytomegalovirus Chemokine Receptor Us28-Induced Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Is Mediated By Focal Adhesion Kinase And Src, Daniel N. Streblow, Jennifer Totonchy, Patsy Smith, Ryan Melnychuk, Laurel Hall, Dora Pancheva, Martine Smit, Paola Casarosa, David D. Schlaepfer, Jay A. Nelson

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The human cytomegalovirus-encoded chemokine receptor US28 induces arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in this process are unclear. We have previously shown that US28-mediated SMC migration occurs by a ligand-dependent process that is sensitive to proteintyrosine kinase inhibitors. We demonstrate here that US28 signals through the non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinases Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and that this activity is necessary for US28-mediated SMC migration. In the presence of RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), US28 stimulates the production of a FAK Src kinase complex. Interestingly, Src co-immunoprecipitates with US28 in …

The Effect Of Occupant And Vehicular Parameters On The Onset And Severity Of Whiplash Associated Disorder, James Keith Wilkerson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) cases millions of injuries and billions of dollars in litigation and medical cost. The purpose of this study was to determine if any relationship existed between certain occupant and vehicular constants and the onset and severity of WAD. One hundred subjects involved in low-speed collisions were selected from an active database. Fifty-nine subjects were females and 70% of the subjects were drivers. A discriminant function analysis was performed, with occupant position and duration as the only variables that had significant discriminating power. However, eighty-four percent of the subjects experienced 100millisecond accelerations and 70% were drivers. Therefore, …

Association Of Viral Genome With Graft Loss In Children After Cardiac Transplantation., Girish S. Shirali, J Ni, R E. Chinnock, J K. Johnston, G L. Rosenthal, N E. Bowles, J A. Towbin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The survival of recipients of cardiac allografts is limited by rejection, lymphoproliferative disease, and coronary vasculopathy. The purpose of this study in children who had received heart transplants was to evaluate the cardiac allografts for myocardial viral infections and to determine whether the presence of viral genome in the myocardium correlates with rejection, coronary vasculopathy, or graft loss.

METHODS: We enrolled heart-transplant recipients 1 day to 18 years old who were undergoing evaluation for possible rejection and coronary vasculopathy. Endomyocardial-biopsy specimens were evaluated for evidence of rejection with the use of standard criteria and were analyzed for the presence …

Stereospecific Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics Of Beta-Adrenergic Blockers In Humans, Reza Mehvar, Dion R. Brocks

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The beta-blockers comprise a group of drugs that are mostly used to treat cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, or ischemic heart disease. Each of these drugs possesses at least one chiral center, and an inherent high degree of enantioselectivity in binding to the b-adrenergic receptor. For beta-blockers with a single chiral center, the (-) enantiomer possesses much greater affinity for binding to the b-adrenergic receptors than antipode. The enantiomers of some of these drugs possess other effects, such as antagonism at alpha-adrenergic receptors or Class III antiarrhythmic activity. However, these effects generally display a lower level of stereoselectivity …

Ups And Downs Of Mucosal Cellular Immunity Against Protozoan Parasites, Lloyd H. Kasper, Dominique Buzoni-Gatel

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Recognition Of Left Atrial Aneurysm By Fetal Echocardiography., R R. Fountain-Dommer, H B. Wiles, C O. Shuler, S M. Bradley, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Posttransplant Recoarctation Of The Aorta: A Twelve Year Experience., Girish S. Shirali, C E. Cephus, M A. Kuhn, K K. Ogata, L K. Vander Dussen, R E. Chinnock, N F. Mulla, J K. Johnston, L L. Bailey, S R. Gundry, A J. Razzouk, R L. Larsen

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence of posttransplant recoarctation of the aorta, delineate the mode of presentation, identify risk factors that predict recoarctation and examine the results of intervention for posttransplant recoarctation.

BACKGROUND: Patients with aortic arch hypoplasia require extended arch reconstruction at transplant, with an inherent possibility of subsequent recoarctation of the aorta.

METHODS: This was a retrospective review of all children (ageyears) who underwent cardiac transplantation over a 10-year period. Collected data included pretransplant diagnosis, details of the transplant procedure and posttransplant data including development of recoarctation of the aorta, interventions for recoarctation and the …

Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography For Assessing Coronary Artery Disease After Transplantation In Children., R L. Larsen, P M. Applegate, D A. Dyar, P A. Ribeiro, S D. Fritzsche, N F. Mulla, Girish S. Shirali, M A. Kuhn, R E. Chinnock, P M. Shah

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, safety and diagnostic accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) for evaluating posttransplant coronary artery disease (TxCAD) in children, and to determine the frequency of selected cardiac events after normal or abnormal DSE.

BACKGROUND: Posttransplant coronary artery disease is the most common cause of graft loss (late death or retransplantation) after cardiac transplantation (CTx) in children. Coronary angiography, routinely performed to screen for TxCAD, is an invasive procedure with limited sensitivity. The efficacy of DSE for detecting atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is established, but is unknown in children after CTx. …

Repair Of The Airway Epithelium: Potential Opportunities For Therapeutic Intervention In Airway Disease, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

The epithelium of the airway has considerable capacity to undergo repair. These repair processes are responsible for maintaining and restoring function after injury of the airways, which likely occurs often as a result of infectious, toxic or other exposures. However, repair processes need not be fully effective. Inadequate repair can take a number of forms and may result in metaplasia, hyperplasia or fibrotic scarring. It is likely that repair processes that lead to tissue disruption play an important role in the chronic airways diseases, such as asthma and bronchitis. Through delineation of these processes, it may become feasible to target …

The Optimal Fontan Connection: A Growing Extracardiac Lateral Tunnel With Pedicled Pericardium., S R. Gundry, A J. Razzouk, M J. Del Rio, Girish S. Shirali, L L. Bailey

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: The concept of a lateral tunnel for the Fontan operation is now widely accepted. Most lateral tunnels are constructed intraatrially with the use of aortic crossclamping. Construction of extracardiac lateral tunnels with the use of homografts or other nonviable tubes eliminates aortic crossclamping but lacks growth potential in length or width. The native pericardium, which is "sealed" posteriorly along the pulmonary artery, atrium, and inferior vena cava, could be turned down onto the right atrium to form a viable extracardiac lateral tunnel.

METHODS: We designed and successfully constructed extracardiac lateral tunnels using viable autologous pericardium, pedicled on its lateral …

Efficient Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Hydrolyzing Autoantibody Light Chains Selected By Phage Display, Sonia Tyutyulkova, Qing-Sheng Gao, Austin Thompson, Stephen I. Rennard, Sudhir Paul

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

An immunoglobulin light chain (L chain) library derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with asthma was cloned into a phagemid vector. Phage particles displaying L chains capable of binding vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were isolated by affinity chromatography. Two VIP binding L chains were expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by metal chelating and protein L affinity chromatography. Both L chains catalyzed the hydrolysis of [tyr10-125I]VIP substrate. The catalytic activity eluted at the molecular mass of the monomer form of the L chain (28 kDa) from a gel filtration column. The …

Ventricular Remodeling Following Infant-Pediatric Cardiac Transplantation. Does Age At Transplantation Or Size Disparity Matter?, Girish S. Shirali, F Lombano, W L. Beeson, D A. Dyar, N F. Mulla, A Khan, J K. Johnston, R E. Chinnock, S R. Gundry, A J. Razzouk

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Early left ventricular (LV) remodeling following pediatric cardiac transplantation has not been described. To identify patterns and determinants of change in left ventricular mass and volume posttransplant, we studied 125 consecutive children who underwent cardiac transplantation between January 1, 1989 and July 31, 1993. Two-dimensional imaging-directed M-mode echocardiograms were studied weekly until 26 weeks post-transplant. LV mass and volume (indexed to BSA1.5) were measured. LV mass index increased until 3 weeks post-transplant, and then decreased. The mean decrement in LV mass index after 8 weeks post-transplant (relative to baseline) was significantly larger in patients with donor-recipient weight ratio > 1.5 compared …

The Effect Of Selenium Supplementation On The Immune Response Of Mice With Experimental Chagas' Disease, Cindy Calisi, Lynette Brooks

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

No abstract provided.

Conjoined Twins - A Review Of Literature With Two Case Studies, Naaeem Uz-Zafar Khan, Nadeem Ullah Khan, Khalid Matin, Adnan Zaidi

Department of Emergency Medicine

Two cases of conjoined twins have been reported. A review of literature is given.

Efficient Immortalization Of Luminal Epithelial Cells From Human Mammary Gland By Introduction Of Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen With A Recombinant Retrovirus, Bartek J, Bartkova J, Kyprianou N, El-Nasir Lalani, Staskova Z, Shearer M, Chang S, Taylor Papadimitriou J

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

When defined in terms of markers for normal cell lineages, most invasive breast cancer cells correspond to the phenotype of the common luminal epithelial cell found in the terminal ductal lobular units. Luminal epithelial cells cultured from milk, which have limited proliferative potential, have now been immortalized by introducing the gene encoding simian virus 40 large tumor (T) antigen. Infection with a recombinant retrovirus proved to be 50-100 times more efficient than calcium phosphate transfection, and of the 17 cell lines isolated, only 5 passed through a crisis period as characterized by cessation of growth. When characterized by immunohistochemical staining …

The Great Potato Debate, James D. Hudson

Honors Theses

Anencephaly and spina bifida cystica are two of the most common severe congenital malformations consistently observed in human populations. Both represent defects in the neural tube and share a significant number of similar epidemiological associations among them, occupational class, geography, sex ratio, maternal age, year and season of the year. In anencephaly most of the brain and upper skull never form usually resulting in death within a few hours of birth. Spina bifida cystica is a malformation of the spinal cord often causing paralysis, vulnerability to infection, and early death. In 1972, Dr. J.H. Renwick presented a controversial hypothesis which …

Antibiotics And The Wasting Disease In Neonatally Thymectomized Rats, Douglas M. Grignon

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The administration of the antibiotic, Chloramphenicol, to pregnant rats just prior to, and for four days after delivery, diminishes the incidence of the so-called "Wasting Disease" in neonatally thymectomized rats.

A total of 50 rats were divided into the following groups:

1. Thymectomy only---nonmedicated 17 rats
2. Thymectomy only---medicated 12 rats
3. Thymectomy-adrenalectomy---nonmedicated 5 rats
4. Thymectomy-adrenalectomy---medicated 8 rats
5. Controls---nonmedicated 4 rats
6. Controls---medicated 4 rats

Chloramphenicol was administered in the drinking water to the mothers of groups 2, 4 and 6 for about 2 days prior to delivery and 4 days after. On the day of birth or within three days after birth, the …

The Nature And Incidence Of Vascular Lesions Of The Brain In 10,000 Consecutive Autopsies, David Hartson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract not included]

The Muscular Activity Of The Small Intestine During Acute Obstruction., Rudolph F. Antoncic

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Experimental Liver Damage On The Blood Picture Of The Dog., H. D. Bruner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.