Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Science Dialogue Mapping Of Knowledge And Knowledge Gaps Related To The Effects Of Dairy Intake On Human Cardiovascular Health And Disease, Andrew W Brown, Kathryn A Kaiser, Andrew Keitt, Kevin Fontaine, Madeline Gibson, Barbara A Gower, James M Shikany, Colby J Vorland, Donald C Beitz, Dennis M Bier, J Thomas Brenna, David R Jacobs, Penny Kris-Etherton, Kevin Maki, Michael Miller, Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Margarita Teran-Garcia, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Dairy has been described as everything from a superfood to a poison; yet, arguments, assumptions, and data justifying these labels are not always clear. We used an issue-based information system, “dialogue mapping™,” to summarize scientific points of a live panel discussion on the putative effects of dairy on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) from a day-long session among experts in nutrition and CVD. Dialogue mapping captures relations among ideas to explicitly, logically, and visually connect issues/questions, ideas, pro/con arguments, and agreements, even if discussed at different times. Experts discussed two propositions: for CVD risk, consumption of full-fat dairy products, 1) should be …

Assessment Of The Gut Bacterial Microbiome And Metabolome Of Girls And Women With Rett Syndrome, Santosh Thapa, Alamelu Venkatachalam, Nabeel Khan, Mohammed Naqvi, Miriam Balderas, Jessica K Runge, Anthony Haag, Kathleen M Hoch, Daniel G Glaze, Ruth Ann Luna, Kathleen J Motil

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Gastrointestinal problems affect the health and quality of life of individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and pose a medical hardship for their caregivers. We hypothesized that the variability in the RTT phenotype contributes to the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in RTT, predisposing these individuals to gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Objectives: We characterized the gut bacterial microbiome and metabolome in girls and young women with RTT (n = 44) and unaffected controls (n = 21), and examined the relation between the composition of the microbiome and variations in the RTT phenotype.

Methods: Demographics and clinical information, including growth and …

Gut Microbiota Profiles Of Young South Indian Children: Child Sex-Specific Relations With Growth, Nirupama Shivakumar, Ambily Sivadas, Sarita Devi, Farook Jahoor, John Mclaughlin, Craig P Smith, Anura V Kurpad, Arpita Mukhopadhyay

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Gut microbiota has been implicated as a modifier of childhood growth. Here, 16S rRNA sequencing-based fecal microbiota profiles of 18-24 month old Indian children were evaluated (n = 41), in relation to their anthropometric parameters, intestinal permeability, body composition and total energy expenditure. Pathway analyses were conducted to assess microbial functions related to stunting, underweight and wasting. The fecal microbiota was enriched in Prevotella 9, Bifidobacterium and Escherichia-Shigella. Weight, weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) and weight-for-length Z-scores (WLZ), along with age, acted as covariates of microbiota variation specifically in boys (n = 23). Bifidobacterium longum subsp longum abundance was positively associated with …

Associations Between Independent Assessments Of Child Appetite Self-Regulation: A Narrative Review, Maria A Papaioannou, Nilda Micheli, Thomas G Power, Jennifer O Fisher, Sheryl O Hughes

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

A variety of eating behaviors among children have been associated with obesity risk and are thought to broadly reflect child appetite self-regulation (ASR). While ASR is thought to occur on cognitive, emotional, motivational, biological, and behavioral levels, the inter-relatedness of ASR constructs as assessed by different methods/measures is not well-characterized. This narrative review describes the correspondence between different methods/measures of child ASR constructs as assessed by self-report questionnaires and/or observational tasks and their relationship to child standardized body mass index (BMIz). Research involving at least two different methods/measures is presented including observational tasks such as the Eating in the Absence …

Crucial Role Of Mammalian Glutaredoxin 3 In Cardiac Energy Metabolism In Diet-Induced Obese Mice Revealed By Transcriptome Analysis, Ninghui Cheng, Qianxing Mo, Jimmonique Donelson, Lingfei Wang, Ghislain Breton, George G Rodney, Jin Wang, Kendal D Hirschi, Xander H T Wehrens, Paul A Nakata

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Obesity is often associated with metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress with the latter serving as a possible unifying link between obesity and cardiovascular complications. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) comprise one of the major antioxidant systems in the heart. Although Grx3 has been shown to act as an endogenous negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, its metabolic impact on cardiac function in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice remains largely unknown. In the present study, analysis of Grx3 expression indicated that Grx3 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, were significantly increased in the hearts of DIO mice. Cardiac-specific Grx3 deletion (Grx3 CKO) mice …

Hypothalamic Perineuronal Nets Are Regulated By Sex And Dietary Interventions, Nan Zhang, Zili Yan, Hailan Liu, Meng Yu, Yang He, Hesong Liu, Chen Liang, Longlong Tu, Lina Wang, Na Yin, Junying Han, Nikolas Scarcelli, Yongjie Yang, Chunmei Wang, Tianshu Zeng, Lu-Lu Chen, Yong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are widely present in the hypothalamus, and are thought to provide physical protection and ion buffering for neurons and regulate their synaptic plasticity and intracellular signaling. Recent evidence indicates that PNNs in the mediobasal hypothalamus play an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. However, whether and how hypothalamic PNNs are regulated are not fully understood. In the present study, we examined whether PNNs in various hypothalamic regions in mice can be regulated by sex, gonadal hormones, dietary interventions, or their interactions. We demonstrated that gonadal hormones are required to maintain normal PNNs in the arcuate …

Wearable Activity Tracking Device Use In An Adolescent Weight Management Clinic: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial, Kanika Bowen-Jallow, Omar Nunez-Lopez, Alex Wright, Erika Fuchs, Mollie Ahn, Elizabeth Lyons, Daniel Jupiter, Lindsey Berry, Oscar Suman, Ravi S Radhakrishnan, Andrea M Glaser, Deborah I Thompson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The use of physical activity tracker devices has increased within the general population. However, there is limited medical literature studying the efficacy of such devices in adolescents with obesity. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using wearable activity tracking devices as an adjunct intervention on adolescents with obesity.

Methods: Randomized controlled pilot trial evaluated the feasibility (attrition ≤50%) of an activity tracking intervention (ATI) and its effects on weight loss in adolescents with obesity enrolled in an adolescent weight management clinic (AWMC). Outcomes included feasibility (attrition rate) and absolute change in BMI. Differences between groups at 6, …

Food/Non-Food Classification Of Real-Life Egocentric Images In Low- And Middle-Income Countries Based On Image Tagging Features, Guangzong Chen, Wenyan Jia, Yifan Zhao, Zhi-Hong Mao, Benny Lo, Alex K Anderson, Gary Frost, Modou L Jobarteh, Megan A Mccrory, Edward Sazonov, Matilda Steiner-Asiedu, Richard S Ansong, Thomas Baranowski, Lora Burke, Mingui Sun

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Malnutrition, including both undernutrition and obesity, is a significant problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In order to study malnutrition and develop effective intervention strategies, it is crucial to evaluate nutritional status in LMICs at the individual, household, and community levels. In a multinational research project supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, we have been using a wearable technology to conduct objective dietary assessment in sub-Saharan Africa. Our assessment includes multiple diet-related activities in urban and rural families, including food sources (e.g., shopping, harvesting, and gathering), preservation/storage, preparation, cooking, and consumption (e.g., portion size and nutrition analysis). …

Associations Between Lipoprotein Subfractions And Area And Density Of Abdominal Muscle And Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Megan M Marron, Matthew Allison, Alka M Kanaya, Britta Larsen, Alexis C Wood, David Herrington, Philip Greenland, Iva Miljkovic

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Skeletal muscle quantity and quality decrease with older age, which is partly attributed to ectopic fat infiltration and has negative metabolic consequences. To inform efforts to preserve skeletal muscle with aging, a better understanding of biologic correlates of quantity and quality of muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is needed. We used targeted lipidomics of lipoprotein subfractions among 947 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants to provide a detailed metabolic characterization of area and density of abdominal muscle and IMAT. Serum lipoprotein subfractions were measured at the first visit using 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Muscle and IMAT area (cm

A Computational Pipeline To Infer Alternative Poly-Adenylation From 3′ Sequencing Data, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili, Nathan D Elrod, Madeline K Jensen, Ping Ji, Ai Lin, Eric J Wagner, Zhandong Liu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

An increasing number of investigations have established alternative polyadenylation (APA) as a key mechanism of gene regulation through altering the length of 3' untranslated region (UTR) and generating distinct mRNA termini. Further, appreciation for the significance of APA in disease contexts propelled the development of several 3' sequencing techniques. While these RNA sequencing technologies have advanced APA analysis, the intrinsic limitation of 3' read coverage and lack of appropriate computational tools constrain precise mapping and quantification of polyadenylation sites. Notably, Poly(A)-ClickSeq (PAC-seq) overcomes limiting factors such as poly(A) enrichment and 3' linker ligation steps using click-chemistry. Here we provide an …

Tph2 In The Dorsal Raphe Nuclei Regulates Energy Balance In A Sex-Dependent Manner, Hailan Liu, Chunmei Wang, Meng Yu, Yongjie Yang, Yang He, Hesong Liu, Chen Liang, Longlong Tu, Nan Zhang, Lina Wang, Julia Wang, Feng Liu, Fang Hu, Yong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

AbstractCentral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), which is primarily synthesized by tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) in the dorsal Raphe nuclei (DRN), plays a pivotal role in the regulation of food intake and body weight. However, the physiological functions of TPH2 on energy balance have not been consistently demonstrated. Here we systematically investigated the effects of TPH2 on energy homeostasis in adult male and female mice. We found that the DRN harbors a similar amount of TPH2+ cells in control male and female mice. Adult-onset TPH2 deletion in the DRN promotes hyperphagia and body weight gain only in male mice, but not in female …

Effectiveness Of Behavior-Based Counseling For Weight Loss Maintenance: A Systematic Literature Review, Jaime V. Stanczyk

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Obesity is linked to the development of chronic health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) at an annual expense of $147 billion in related healthcare costs. Effective lifestyle modification treatment for long-term WLM remains elusive. Traditional advice from primary care providers regarding dietary modification and increased physical activity has not led to WLM as a long-term outcome. Newer guidelines for the treatment of obesity now recommend high-intensity behavior-based counseling (BBC) programs that deliver traditional weight loss education in tandem with behavior-change strategies. Methods: A database search was conducted for peer reviewed literature published in 2012-2020 on …

Maternal Feeding Practices And Toddlers’ Fruit And Vegetable Consumption: Results From The Dit - Coombe Hospital Birth Cohort In Ireland, Xiyao Liu, Qianling Zhou, Keara Clarke, Katherine Younger, Meijing An, Zhouyinuo Li, Yang Tan, John Kearney

Articles

Health benefits of fruit and vegetable have been well recognized. However, insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetable is prevalent among toddlers, and has become a global public health issue. Maternal feeding practices are potential factors influencing toddlers’ dietary intake, including fruit and vegetable intake. This study was conducted to explore the influence of maternal feeding practices on toddlers’ fruit and vegetable consumption in Ireland.

The Effects Of Fermented Vegetable Consumption On The Composition Of The Intestinal Microflora And Levels Of Inflammatory Markers In Women: A Pilot And Feasibility Study, Amy Galena

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: The gut microbiome plays a key role in metabolic disease development. Diet is a modifiable factor that significantly influences gut microbial composition, and fermented foods are a reliable source of probiotic microorganisms that can contribute to gut homeostasis. The primary objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of fermented vegetable consumption for six weeks on markers of inflammation and gut microflora profiles in women.

Methods: Thirty-one women consumed 100 g/day of fermented vegetables (group A), non-fermented vegetables (group B), or no vegetables (group C) for six weeks. Dietary intake was assessed twice during the intervention by a …

An Examination Of The Impact Of The Covid-19 Health Threat, Stress, And Social Isolation On Lifestyle Habits As Analyzed Through The Protection Motivation Theory, Luciana Adib Soares

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 emerged in China in 2019 and quickly spread to other countries, leading to mandated lockdowns and social isolation. This cross-sectional study examined the impact of the COVID-19-generated stress, health threat, and social isolation on dietary, physical activity, and self-care habits of adults in Florida, utilizing the PMT as a framework. Participants (n = 478) completed online surveys about demographics, perceived stress, and changes in lifestyle habits. Significant positive changes were reported in cooking at home (p < .001) frequency, sweets (p < .001), and breakfast (p = .009) consumption, outdoors physical activity (p = .005), self-care (p < .001), relaxation (p < .001), and rest (p < .001) habits. Significant negative changes were reported in fast food (p = .004) and snack (p < .001) consumption. A significant relationship existed between self-reported stress, perceived threat, (r = .33, p < .001), and perceived efficacy, (r = -.15, p = .002). Perceived threat was the most important predictor of changes …

Investigation Of The Multidimensional Determinants Of Nutritionally Risky Coping Strategies And Tradeoffs In Adults, Cheryl Marsland

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Multidimensional determinants influence use of negative nutrition coping strategies and tradeoffs in households accessing food relief. The objective of this study is to examine negative nutrition coping strategies and tradeoffs at different levels of food insecurity in households accessing food relief and investigate how these behaviors relate to experience-based food insecurity dimensions and populations at risk. This secondary data analysis is from the cross-sectional Sunshine State Hunger Survey (SSHS) conducted June 2018 to August 2018. Over 600 adults were surveyed capturing households of Floridians who accessed 18 direct service charities and community groups that provide food relief across the Tampa …

A Mixed Methods Study Examining The Barriers And Facilitators To Research Utilization And Evidence-Based Practice In Adult Weight Management, Kevin B. Metcalf

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background

Obesity is a disease with many associated comorbidities and its prevalence in the U.S. continues to increase despite the majority of people with obesity attempting weight loss. Dietitians are responsible for using evidence-based practice to mitigate the effects of obesity, however, differences in practice philosophies, opinion leaders, misinformation, a sense of competence, and the complexity of nutrition research have been identified as barriers to implementing practice guidelines into daily practice. It is unclear how dietitians strike a balance between empirical evidence, anecdotal evidence, and patient-centered practice.

Aims

The primary aim of this mixed-methods study was to identify the barriers …

Physician Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors Towards Registered Dietitian Nutritionists, Amy Motley Jones

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Diet is increasingly linked with overall quality of life, and a healthy diet is now being considered one of the cornerstones of preventative care. Physicians rely on Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) as most doctors lack the nutrition knowledge to properly treat their patients, especially during their residency. Little published information exists on the specific collaboration of RDNs and resident physicians. This study aimed to determine whether mentoring with an RDN increased physician nutrition knowledge, increased consults to RDNs, and whether physician attitudes improved regarding their understanding of the role of the RDN in healthcare. Knowledge or attitude alone are not …

Factors Associated With Overall Experience In Advanced-Practice Doctoral Programs, Kristi Chipman

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Advanced-Practice Doctoral (APD) students are working professionals who are often returning to school after several years of practice. Multiple areas and concerns may affect overall experience as well as retention rates in doctoral programs.

This mixed-methods research study utilized both qualitative (interview) and quantitative (survey) methods. Students from three different APD programs (Doctorate in Clinical Nutrition, Doctor of Education, and Doctor of Nursing) were asked to participate in a semi-structured interview. The interview was used to help guide the development of a survey. Students from the three groups (n=65) were asked to participate in a one-time, non-incentivized, survey. The survey …

Disordered Eating, Food Insecurity, And Weight Status Among Transgender And Gender Nonbinary Youth And Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using A Nutrition Screening Protocol, Whitney R. Linsenmeyer, Ian M. Katz, Jaime L. Reed, Andrea M. Giedinghagen, Christopher B. Lewis, Sarah K. Garwood

Psychology Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of and relationships among disordered eating, food insecurity, and weight status among transgender and gender nonbinary youth and young adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a screening protocol to assess disordered eating and food insecurity risk from September to December of 2019 at a gender clinic using five validated measures: (1) previous eating disorder diagnosis (yes/no); (2) Sick, Control, One Stone, Fat, Food Questionnaire (SCOFF); (3) Adolescent Binge Eating Disorder Questionnaire (ADO-BED); (4) Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen (NIAS); and (5) Hunger Vital Sign. Age, assigned sex at …

Examining The Ecological Validity Of The Power Of Food Scale, Lindsay M. Howard, Kristin E. Heron, Kathryn E. Smith, Ross D. Crosby, Scott G. Engel, Stephen A. Wonderlich, Tyler B. Mason

Psychology Faculty Publications

Purpose

Appetite for palatable foods may impact eating-related behaviors in everyday life. The present study evaluated the real-world predictive validity of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).

Methods

30 women who reported binge eating completed the PFS and related measures. Subsequently, during a 14-day assessment period, participants completed five daily EMA surveys of appetite and binge eating via text message and web.

Results

Results of generalized estimating equations showed that higher PFS scores were associated with higher momentary levels of hunger, eagerness to eat, and urge to eat but were unrelated to fullness, preoccupation with …

Validation Of An Evidence-Based Dietetic Practice Instrument And The Association Between Level Of Education And Use Of Evidence-Based Dietetic Practices Among Registered Dietitian Nutritionists, Leslie Thompson Van Horn

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is associated with improved and consistent patient care and reduced healthcare costs. While dietetic didactic and practice requirements emphasize EBP, there is a lack of a valid and reliable instrument that measures both objective and subjective knowledge of EBP among registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). Content validity was conducted with 11 experts and resulted in a 38-item survey that included ten items assessing objective knowledge of EBP. Items were deemed clear and appropriate for the survey goals and intended audience based on a face validity review among 16 RDNs with varying backgrounds. A pilot evaluation (n = …

Impacts Of Meals On Wings (Mow) Program On Volunteers' Perceptions And Motives, Juan Diego Salcedo

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Food insecurity is a problem in the subpopulation of older adults and the elderly. The following study aimed to explore the perceptions and motives such as career benefits, impacts experienced through volunteering, skills in dietetics, comfort level with seniors, social responsibility, peer modeling, and empathy of student volunteers participating in a food recovery-meal delivery program known as Meals on Wings (MOW) on a college campus in the Southeast.

METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted during July 2021. Semi-structured interviews were administered over the video conference program Zoom to 10 (n=10) student volunteers who volunteered with MOW for at least one …

Utility Of Self-Rated Adherence For Monitoring Dietary And Physical Activity Compliance And Assessment Of Participant Feedback Of The Healthy Diet And Lifestyle Study Pilot., Holly O'Reilly, Chloe E. Panizza, Unhee Lim, Kim M. Yonemori, Lynne R. Wilkens, Yurii B. Shvetsov, Michelle N. Harvie, John Shepherd, Fengqing Maggie Zhu, Loïc Le Marchand, Carol Boushey, Kevin D. Cassel

Other resources

We examined the utility of self-rated adherence to dietary and physical activity (PA) prescriptions as a method to monitor intervention compliance and facilitate goal setting during the Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study (HDLS). In addition, we assessed participants’ feedback of HDLS. HDLS is a randomized pilot intervention that compared the effect of intermittent energy restriction combined with a Mediterranean diet (IER + MED) to a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, with matching PA regimens, for reducing visceral adipose tissue area (VAT).

Fruits And Vegetables In The Management Of Underlying Conditions For Covid-19 High-Risk Groups, Nora Moreb, Ahmed Albandary, Swarna Jaiswal, Amit Jaiswal

Articles

: SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus, which is the cause of the current pandemic with 107,411,561 infections and 2,351,195 death worldwide so far. There are multiple symptoms that are linked with the infection of COVID-19 such as coughing, shortness of breath, congestion together with fatigue, fever, loss of taste or smell, headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The lack of or early stage of development of a cure for COVID-19 illness, there is need for insuring the best possible position of health to be able to fight the virus naturally through a robust immune system to limit …

Using Exercise And Nutrition To Alter Fat And Lean Mass In Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review, Rebekah L. Wilson, Dennis R. Taaffe, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Fat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. LM is the predominant contributor to resting metabolic rate, with any loss impacting long-term weight management as well as physical function. Therefore, reducing FM and preserving LM may improve patient-reported outcomes, risk of disease progression, and ameliorate comorbidity development. In ADT-treated patients, exercise and nutrition programs can lead to improvements in quality of life and …

Flavonoid Intake And Incident Dementia In The Danish Diet, Cancer, And Health Cohort, Catherine P. Bondonno, Nicola P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Kevin Murray, Samantha L. Gardener, Ralph N. Martins, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Aedín Cassidy, Joshua R. Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Cecilie Kyrø, Gunnar Gislason, Augustin Scalbert, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

No abstract provided.

Malnutrition In Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Review Of The Current Literature, Jihoon T Choi, Brandon Yoshida, Omid Jalali, George F Hatch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CONTEXT: Malnutrition is well-studied in various aspects of the orthopaedic literature, most commonly in relation to arthroplasty, spine surgery, and trauma. However, the management of nutritional deficiencies is commonly overlooked among orthopaedic sports medicine providers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the available sports medicine literature to review the associations between malnutrition and the management of orthopaedic sports medicine patients from a treatment and performance standpoint.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: PubMed was searched for relevant articles published from 1979 to 2019.

STUDY DESIGN: Clinical review.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.

RESULTS: Few studies exist on the implications of macronutrient deficiencies …

Chronic Nitrite Treatment Activates Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase-Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Pathway In Human Aortic Endothelial Cells, Yang Liu, Kevin D. Croft, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Trevor Mori, Natalie C. Ward

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Endothelial dysfunction, with impaired bioavailability and/or bioactivity of the vasoprotective molecule, nitric oxide, appears to be a vital step in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Several studies have shown that dietary nitrate/nitrite can have significant benefits on human cardiovascular homeostasis. Although serum nitrite concentrations can reach micromolar levels, the physiological significance of nitrate/nitrite in normal tissues has not been fully elucidated. We investigated in vitro the chronic effects of nitrate/nitrite on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to determine the potential vasoprotective effects of nitrate/nitrite and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results demonstrate the expression of phosphorylated eNOS at Ser1177 and phosphorylated …

Vegetable Nitrate Intake, Blood Pressure And Incident Cardiovascular Disease: Danish Diet, Cancer, And Health Study, Catherine P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Kevin Murray, Joshua R. Lewis, Kevin D. Croft, Cecilie Kyrø, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Nicola P. Bondonno, Jonathan M. Hodgson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Whether the vascular effects of inorganic nitrate, observed in clinical trials, translate to a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) with habitual dietary nitrate intake in prospective studies warrants investigation. We aimed to determine if vegetable nitrate, the major dietary nitrate source, is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and lower risk of incident CVD. Among 53,150 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study, without CVD at baseline, vegetable nitrate intake was assessed using a comprehensive vegetable nitrate database. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using restricted cubic splines based on multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. During 23 years of …