Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Characteristics Of Eating Behavior Profiles Among Preschoolers With Low-Income Backgrounds: A Person-Centered Analysis, Jennifer Orlet Fisher, Sheryl O Hughes, Alison L Miller, Mildred A Horodynski, Holly E Brophy-Herb, Dawn A Contreras, Niko Kaciroti, Karen E Peterson, Katherine L Rosenblum, Danielle Appugliese, Julie C Lumeng

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Individual differences in eating behaviors among young children are well-established, but the extent to which behaviors aggregate within individuals to form distinct eating behavior profiles remains unknown. Our objectives were to identify eating behavior profiles among preschool-aged children and evaluate associations with temperament and weight.

Methods: A secondary, cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 2 cohort studies was conducted involving 1004 children aged 3-4 years and their parents with low-income backgrounds. Children's eating behaviors and temperament were assessed by parental report. Body mass index z-scores and weight status were calculated using measured heights and weights. Latent profile analysis (LPA) …

Epixplorer: A Web Server For Prediction, Analysis And Visualization Of Enhancer-Promoter Interactions, Li Tang, Zhizhou Zhong, Yisheng Lin, Yifei Yang, Jun Wang, James F Martin, Min Li

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Long distance enhancers can physically interact with promoters to regulate gene expression through formation of enhancer-promoter (E-P) interactions. Identification of E-P interactions is also important for profound understanding of normal developmental and disease-associated risk variants. Although the state-of-art predictive computation methods facilitate the identification of E-P interactions to a certain extent, currently there is no efficient method that can meet various requirements of usage. Here we developed EPIXplorer, a user-friendly web server for efficient prediction, analysis and visualization of E-P interactions. EPIXplorer integrates 9 robust predictive algorithms, supports multiple types of 3D contact data and multi-omics data as input. The …

The Effect Of Interventions To Prevent Type 2 Diabetes On The Development Of Diabetic Retinopathy: The Dpp/Dppos Experience, Neil H White, Qing Pan, William C Knowler, Emily B Schroeder, Dana Dabelea, Emily Y Chew, Barbara Blodi, Ronald B Goldberg, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Christine Darwin, Mathias Schlögl, David M Nathan

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: To determine whether interventions that slow or prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in those at risk reduce the subsequent prevalence of diabetic retinopathy.

Research design and methods: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) randomized subjects at risk for developing type 2 diabetes because of overweight/obesity and dysglycemia to metformin (MET), intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS), or placebo (PLB) to assess the prevention of diabetes. During the DPP and DPP Outcome Study (DPPOS), we performed fundus photography over time on study participants, regardless of their diabetes status. Fundus photographs were graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading system, …

An Analysis Of The Recent Us Dietary Guidelines Process In Light Of Its Federal Mandate And A National Academies Report, Cheryl Achterberg, Arne Astrup, Dennis M Bier, Janet C King, Ronald M Krauss, Nina Teicholz, Jeff S Volek

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The US Dietary Guidelines for Americans is an enormously influential policy that has guided US nutrition programs since 1980. During these last 40 years, some researchers have expressed concern that the guidelines are based on an insufficiently rigorous assessment of the scientific evidence, a view that was largely substantiated by a Congressionally mandated 2017 report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, which identified a need for enhanced transparency, greater scientific rigor, and updates to the scientific methodology for the DGA process. This paper traces the history of these ideas and contextualizes the DGA within the law and …

Micronutrient Fortified Soymilk Processing Supplemental Data Tables, Michael L. Dunn, Oscar A. Pike, Bradley J. Taylor, Dallin M. Hardy

ScholarsArchive Data

This data set contains Supplemental Tables (created using Microsoft Word) for the following manuscript submitted for publication:

Vitamin stability and sensory acceptability in micronutrient-fortified soymilk prepared by small-scale batch processing

Authors: Dallin M. Hardy, Oscar A. Pike, Bradley J. Taylor, Michael L. Dunn

The above manuscript was prepared with modifications from portions of the M.S. thesis of Dallin M. Hardy, which can be found at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8284/

The data set includes five supplementary tables containing data values for vitamin retention during processing and sensory acceptance of micronutrient fortified soymilk. The data in these tables had no statistically significant differences between treatments.

Context Matters: Preliminary Evidence That The Association Between Positive Affect And Adiposity In Infancy Varies In Social Vs Non-Social Situations, Alexis C Wood, Shabnam R Momin, Mackenzie K Senn, David J Bridgett

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Previous studies have suggested that infants high in negative affect have higher levels of adiposity, arising in part via changes in nutrition (e.g., “feeding to soothe”). Few studies have examined whether positive affect shows similar or inverse associations with adiposity. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between adiposity and observations of positive affect in both a social and a non-social context, using data from infants at four (n = 125) and 12 (n = 80) months of age. Our analyses did not find any cross-sectional associations between positive affect and adiposity (all p > 0.05). However, in the longitudinal …

Tomatoes, Lycopene, And Prostate Cancer: What Have We Learned From Experimental Models?, Nancy E Moran, Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner, Lei Wan, Krystle E Zuniga, John W Erdman, Steven K Clinton

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Human epidemiology suggests a protective effect of tomatoes or tomato phytochemicals, such as lycopene, on prostate cancer risk. However, human epidemiology alone cannot reveal causal relations. Laboratory animal models of prostate cancer provide opportunities to investigate hypotheses regarding dietary components in precisely controlled, experimental systems, contributing to our understanding of diet and cancer risk relations. We review the published studies evaluating the impact of tomatoes and/or lycopene in preclinical models of prostate carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. The feeding of tomatoes or tomato components demonstrates anti-prostate cancer activity in both transplantable xenograft models of tumorigenesis and models of chemically- and genetically-driven carcinogenesis. …

French-Fried Potato Consumption And Energy Balance: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel L Smith, Rebecca L Hanson, Stephanie L Dickinson, Xiwei Chen, Amy M Goss, John B Cleek, W Timothy Garvey, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Epidemiologic observations suggest increased potato consumption correlates with weight gain, adiposity, and diabetes risk, whereas nut consumption is associated with weight control and metabolic health. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data indicate humans respond to changes in energy intake in single dietary components and compensate for extra energy consumed.

Objectives: We completed an RCT testing whether increased daily potato consumption influences energy balance [specifically, fat mass (FM)] compared with calorie-matched almond consumption.

Methods: A 30-d RCT of 180 adults prescribed calorie-matched (300 kcal/d, n = 60 participants/group) than consumed 1 of the following: 1) almonds (almond group), 2) French fries …

The Effects Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Athletic Performance And Injury Prevention, Amani Adeeb Abushamma

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Vitamin D supplementation has numerous effects on athletic performance and plays a significant role in preventing an athlete’s risk of getting injuries. Vitamin D has an impact on numerous physiological functions such as: bone health, muscle function, inflammatory response, and immune function. An athlete’s bone and muscle health are essential for maximum performance and career success. A bone fracture due to vitamin D deficiency can delay an athlete’s training and ultimately inhibit obtaining a collegiate scholarship and/or contract. A cross sectional study found that more than half of athletic trainers did not view 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25[OH]) testing and vitamin D supplementation …

Associations Between Adherence To The Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension (Dash) Diet And Six Glucose Homeostasis Traits In The Microbiome And Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (Miles), Gautam Ramesh, Alexis C Wood, Matthew A Allison, Stephen S Rich, Elizabeth T Jensen, Yii-Der I Chen, Jerome I Rotter, Alain G Bertoni, Mark O Goodarzi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background and aims: The DASH diet conveys protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) Via plant-based and non-plant-based recommendations. Research has not identified which glucose homeostasis pathways are improved. We examined associations between adherence to a DASH diet and six glucose homeostasis traits, probing whether associations could be attributed to the plant-based (DASH-P) and/or non-plant based (DASH-NP) components.

Methods and results: We included data from 295 adults without T2D (age 59.3 ± 9.00 years; 63.46% non-Hispanic White and 36.54% African American, self-reported race ancestry) participating in the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) …

Circadian Disruption Of Hippocampus In An Early Senescence Male Mouse Model, Jennifer A Davis, Jodi R Paul, Mugdha V Mokashi, Stefani A Yates, Daniel J Mount, Hira A Munir, Lacy K Goode, Martin E Young, David B Allison, Karen L Gamble

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Age-related cognitive decline and disruptions in circadian rhythms are growing problems as the average human life span increases. Multiple strains of the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) show reduced life span, and the SAMP8 strain in particular has been well documented to show cognitive deficits in behavior as well as a bimodal pattern of circadian locomotor activity. However, little is known about circadian regulation within the hippocampus of these strains of mice. Here we test the hypothesis that in this early senescence model, disruption of the molecular circadian clock in SAMP8 animals drives disrupted behavior and physiology. We found normal rhythms in …

The Effect Of Reduced Cp, Synthetic Amino Acid Supplemented Diets On Growth Performance And Nutrient Excretion In Wean To Finish Swine, Caitlin E Vonderohe, Kayla M Mills, Shule Liu, Matthew D Asmus, Emily R Otto-Tice, Brian T Richert, Ji-Qin Ni, John Scott Radcliffe

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Mixed sex pigs (n = 720) were placed in 12 rooms (Purdue Swine Environmental Research Building) to measure the effect of reduced crude protein (CP), amino acid (AA)-supplemented diets on growth and the carcass. Pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and gender and allotted to room and pen (10 mixed-sex pigs/pen). Pigs were fed a nine-phase, wean-finish program. Control pigs consumed corn-soybean meal-distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) diets containing no to minimal (Met) synthetic AA. The 2X diet was formulated to meet the seventh most-limiting AA, and balanced using synthetic AAs to meet all AA needs. The …

An Exercise-Inducible Metabolite That Suppresses Feeding And Obesity, Veronica L Li, Yang He, Kévin Contrepois, Hailan Liu, Joon T Kim, Amanda L Wiggenhorn, Julia T Tanzo, Alan Sheng-Hwa Tung, Xuchao Lyu, Peter-James H Zushin, Robert S Jansen, Basil Michael, Kang Yong Loh, Andrew C Yang, Christian S Carl, Christian T Voldstedlund, Wei Wei, Stephanie M Terrell, Benjamin C Moeller, Rick M Arthur, Gareth A Wallis, Koen Van De Wetering, Andreas Stahl, Bente Kiens, Erik A Richter, Steven M Banik, Michael P Snyder, Yong Xu, Jonathan Z Long

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Exercise confers robust protection against obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other cardiometabolic diseases.1–5 However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the metabolic benefits of physical activity remain unclear.6 Here we show that exercise stimulates production of Lac-Phe, a blood-borne signaling metabolite that suppresses feeding and obesity. Lac-Phe biosynthesis from lactate occurs in CNDP2+ cells including immune cells, epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells localized to diverse organs. In diet-induced obese mice, pharmacological elevation of circulating Lac-Phe reduces food intake without affecting movement or energy expenditure. Chronic administration of Lac-Phe decreases adiposity and body weight and …

The Hypothalamus For Whole-Body Physiology: From Metabolism To Aging, Tiemin Liu, Yong Xu, Chun-Xia Yi, Qingchun Tong, Dongsheng Cai

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Obesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues, which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancers. The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs, sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function. Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions. This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations, sex, brain inflammation, microbiota, stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology, arguing …

Parent-Perceived Neighbourhood Environment, Parenting Practices And Preschool-Aged Children Physical Activity And Screen Time: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Two Culturally And Geographically Diverse Cities, Ester Cerin, Anthony Barnett, Tom Baranowski, Rebecca E Lee, Robin R Mellecker, Yi Nam Suen, Jason A Mendoza, Deborah I Thompson, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Preschool-aged children's physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are important health-related behaviours likely influenced by PA opportunities, parental perceptions of neighbourhood safety and parenting practices pertaining to PA and ST. How these factors interact to impact on young children's PA and ST, and whether their effects are generalisable across cultures and geographical location is not known. This study addressed these knowledge gaps by conducting pooled analyses of comparable data from two culturally and geographically diverse samples - Chinese parent-child dyads from an ultra-dense city (Hong Kong, China) and Latino parent-child dyads from a low-density city (Houston, USA).

METHODS: …

The Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus: Watchdog Of Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis, Longlong Tu, Makoto Fukuda, Qingchun Tong, Yong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The brain, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), has been long known for its involvement in glucose sensing and whole-body glucose homeostasis. However, it is still not fully understood how the brain detects and responds to the changes in the circulating glucose levels, as well as brain-body coordinated control of glucose homeostasis. In this review, we address the growing evidence implicating the brain in glucose homeostasis, especially in the contexts of hypoglycemia and diabetes. In addition to neurons, we emphasize the potential roles played by non-neuronal cells, as well as extracellular matrix in the hypothalamus in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Further, …

Evaluation Of A Circadian Rhythm And Sleep-Focused Mobile Health Intervention For The Prevention Of Accelerated Summer Weight Gain Among Elementary School-Age Children: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study, Jennette P Moreno, Hafza Dadabhoy, Salma Musaad, Tom Baranowski, Debbe Thompson, Candice A Alfano, Stephanie J Crowley

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The i♥rhythm project is a mobile health adaptation of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy designed to promote healthy sleep and behavioral rhythms among 5-8-year olds during summer for the prevention of accelerated summer weight gain.

Objective: This pilot study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the i♥rhythm intervention. This will ensure that the research protocol and procedures work as desired and are acceptable to families in preparation for the fully powered randomized controlled trial. The proposed study will examine the willingness of participants to participate in the intervention and determine whether modifications to the intervention, procedures, …

Fibroblast Growth Factor 15/19 Expression, Regulation, And Function: An Overview, Greg Guthrie, Caitlin Vonderohe, Douglas Burrin

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Since the discovery of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19 over 20 years ago, our understanding of the peptide and its role in human biology has moved forward significantly. A member of a superfamily of paracrine growth factors regulating embryonic development, FGF19 is unique in that it is a dietary-responsive endocrine hormone linked with bile acid homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, energy expenditure, and protein synthesis during the fed to fasted state. FGF19 achieves this through targeting multiple tissues and signaling pathways within those tissues. The diverse functional capabilities of FGF19 is due to the unique structural characteristics of the protein and …

Fad Diets: Professional Development Needs Among Nutrition Agents In Select Southern States, Abigail P. Mcalister, Vicky L. Green, Simone Camel, Mary C. Fontenot, Janet F. Pope

Journal of Extension

Because FCS agents teach communities about dietary guidelines, it is important that they are aware of the latest nutrition research. This study assessed FCS agents’ knowledge of popular fad diets (low-carbohydrate, intermittent fasting, detoxes and cleanses) and their potential adverse effects, and its relationship among location, certifications, years of experience, professional association memberships, and education. Agents in Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Mississippi were emailed a survey. RDN, DTR, and CHES certifications had significant associations (p = 0.03) with knowledge of adverse effects of fad diets. Agents who hold these credentials may have more knowledge about adverse effects of fad diets.

Comparing Intuitive Eating Behaviors Between Student Athletes And College Students Enrolled At The University Of Mississippi, Mary Mckennon Pierce

Honors Theses

Intuitive eating strives to consciously listen to the internal hunger and fullness cues our body provides, as humans often practiced long before counting calories and dieting existed. Rational thought, instinct, and emotion influence an intuitive eater’s decision-making and allow for full capability in navigating food decisions. While intuitive eating habits can benefit any individual, little research has compared the intuitive eating habits between collegiate students and student-athletes. measures unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, reliance on hunger and fullness cues, and body-food choice congruence. Student-athletes presented a significantly higher overall intuitive eating score (3.53±0.54, p=0.003) …

Elucidating Human Milk Oligosaccharide Biosynthetic Genes Through Network-Based Multi-Omics Integration, Benjamin P Kellman, Anne Richelle, Jeong-Yeh Yang, Digantkumar Chapla, Austin W T Chiang, Julia A Najera, Chenguang Liang, Annalee Fürst, Bokan Bao, Natalia Koga, Mahmoud A Mohammad, Anders Bech Bruntse, Morey W Haymond, Kelley W Moremen, Lars Bode, Nathan E Lewis

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundant carbohydrates fundamental to infant health and development. Although these oligosaccharides were discovered more than half a century ago, their biosynthesis in the mammary gland remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we use a systems biology framework that integrates glycan and RNA expression data to construct an HMO biosynthetic network and predict glycosyltransferases involved. To accomplish this, we construct models describing the most likely pathways for the synthesis of the oligosaccharides accounting for >95% of the HMO content in human milk. Through our models, we propose candidate genes for elongation, branching, fucosylation, and sialylation of HMOs. Our …

Recipe Modification For Cardiovascular Health, Meg Tolbert

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. CVDs affect the heart and blood vessels. The most prominent CVDs are coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes.

The most important behavioral risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, but also include harmful abuse of tobacco and alcohol. These lifestyle factors display themselves as phenotypes like high blood pressure, high blood glucose and blood lipids, diabetes, and obesity. These risk factors, outside of genotype …

Plant-Based Diets And Metabolic Syndrome: Evaluating The Influence Of Diet Quality, Lydia Mcgrath

Honors Scholar Theses

Background: Diet plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Plant-based diets (PBDs) have demonstrated a broad range of health benefits, including a protective effect against MetS. Most research on this topic has focused on PBDs as a whole, without considering the influence of diet quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between plant-based diet quality and biomarkers of MetS.

Methods: Data were obtained from a clinical nutrition study at the University of Connecticut. 29 participants with MetS were included. PBD quality was assessed using 2 measures: healthful PBD index (hPDI) …

Anthropometric Measures Correspond With Functional Motor Outcomes In Females With Rett Syndrome, Kathleen J Motil, Suzanne Geerts, Fran Annese, Jeffrey L Neul, Tim Benke, Eric Marsh, David Lieberman, Steven A Skinner, Daniel G Glaze, Peter Heydemann, Arthur Beisang, Shannon Standridge, Robin Ryther, Jane B Lane, Lloyd Edwards, Alan K Percy

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: To characterize growth and anthropometric measurements in females with Rett syndrome and compare these measurements with functional outcomes.

Study design: We obtained longitudinal growth and anthropometric measurements from 1154 females with classic and atypical Rett syndrome seen between 2006 and 2019 in the US Natural History Study. We calculated the Clinical Severity Score, Motor Behavior Assessment score, and arm and leg muscle areas and recorded the functional assessments of arm and hand use and ambulation. We compared growth and anthropometric variables from females with Rett syndrome in regard to normative data. We analyzed Clinical Severity Score, Motor Behavior Assessment, …

Organ Fat In Latino Youth At Risk For Type 2 Diabetes, Janiel L Pimentel, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Erica G Soltero, Armando Peña, Houchun H Hu, Smita S Bailey, Amber Pokorney, Stephanie L Ayers, Ana Martinez Valencia, Micah L Olson, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Purpose: Obesity in youth increases the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and elevated abdominal adipose tissue and organ fat may be particularly deleterious. The purpose of this study was to examine associations among measures of adiposity including total, visceral, and organ fat (hepatic and pancreatic) and whether these measures were independently associated with glycemia in Latino youth at risk for diabetes.

Methods: Latino adolescents (47 boys and 32 girls, 13.7 ± 1.4 years) with obesity (BMIz 2.3 ± 0.3) were assessed for total fat by DXA and visceral and organ fat by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Glycemic indicators …

Sustainability Via Active Garden Education: The Sustainability Action Plan Model And Process, Rebecca E Lee, Jacob Szeszulski, Elizabeth Lorenzo, Anel Arriola, Meg Bruening, Paul A Estabrooks, Jennie L Hill, Teresia M O'Connor, Gabriel Q Shaibi, Erica G Soltero, Michael Todd

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Sustainability of intervention programming is challenging to achieve under real world conditions, since few models exist and many studies do not plan far beyond the funding period. Programming content in early care and education centers (ECECs) is often driven by guidelines. However, implementation is very sensitive to contextual factors, such as the setting and implementer (teacher) characteristics. This paper presents the model, definitions, and methodology used for the sustainability action plan capitalizing on a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, developed for a multi-site, multi-level garden-based childhood obesity prevention study, Sustainability via Active Garden Education (SAGE). The Ecologic Model of Obesity …

Toll-Like Receptor 1 Locus Re-Examined In A Genome-Wide Association Study Update On Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Igg Titers, Suk Yee Lam, Michiel C Mommersteeg, Bingting Yu, Linda Broer, Manon C W Spaander, Fabian Frost, Stefan Weiss, Henry Völzke, Markus M Lerch, Ben Schöttker, Yan Zhang, Hannah Stocker, Hermann Brenner, Daniel Levy, Shih-Jen Hwang, Alexis C Wood, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Kent D Taylor, Russell P Tracy, Edmond K Kabagambe, Marcis Leja, Janis Klovins, Raitis Peculis, Dace Rudzite, Liene Nikitina-Zake, Girts Skenders, Vita Rovite, André Uitterlinden, Ernst J Kuipers, Gwenny M Fuhler, Georg Homuth, Maikel P Peppelenbosch

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background & aims: A genome-wide significant association between anti-Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) IgG titers and Toll-like receptor (TLR1/6/10) locus on 4p14 was demonstrated for individuals of European ancestry, but not uniformly replicated. We re-investigated this association in an updated genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis for populations with low gastric cancer incidence, address potential causes of cohort heterogeneity, and explore functional implications of genetic variation at the TLR1/6/10 locus.

Methods: The dichotomous GWAS (25% individuals exhibiting highest anti-H pylori IgG titers vs remaining 75%) included discovery and replication sampls of, respectively, n = 15,685 and n = 9676, all of European …

Skeletal Muscle Mass Recovery Early After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation In Patients With Advanced Systolic Heart Failure, Amanda R Vest, William W Wong, Joronia Chery, Alex Coston, Laura Telfer, Matthew Lawrence, Didjana Celkupa, Michael S Kiernan, Gregory Couper, Masashi Kawabori, Edward Saltzman

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Patients with advanced systolic heart failure are at risk of unintentional weight loss and muscle wasting. It has been observed that left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients gain weight after device implantation, although it is unknown whether this represents skeletal muscle mass gains. We aimed to determine whether skeletal muscle mass increases early during LVAD support.

Methods: We prospectively recruited 30 adults with systolic heart failure ±21 days from LVAD implantation. Participants underwent whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry to measure fat free mass, appendicular lean mass (ALM, lean mass in the arms and legs) and fat mass. Dual X-ray absorptiometry …

An Assessment Evaluating The Possible Participation Of A Virtual Nutrition Education Program For Older Adults, Ashlyn Cobble

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The importance of proper nutrition education among older adults is crucial in promoting overall physical health and management of chronic health conditions. However, access to such education has been limited, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the current boom in social media popularity, as well as virtual communication portals such as Zoom, the question must be asked if nutrition education could be effectively implemented for the use of older adults through these electronic channels. The study design for this particular research was a cross sectional survey to inform development of an online nutrition education program for older adults in Northeast …

Home Cooking Quality Assessment Tool Validation Using Community Science And Crowdsourcing Approaches, Margaret Raber, Nalini Ranjit, Larkin L Strong, Karen Basen-Engquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To refine a measure of home cooking quality (defined as the usage level of practices with the potential to influence the nutrient content of prepared foods) and conduct a construct validation of the revised tool, the Healthy Cooking Questionnaire 2 (HCQ2).

Design: Two validation approaches are described: (1) a community science approach used to refine and validate Healthy Cooking Questionnaire (HCQ) constructs, and (2) responses to the revised HCQ (HCQ2) in a sample of Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers to determine questionnaire comprehension.

Setting: The Community Scientist Program at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center facilitated discussion …