Dentistry Commons^™

Agenesis Of Maxillary Lateral Incisors In Orthodontic Patients And The Relation To Overall Tooth Size, Jane Wright

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most frequently missing tooth in the dental arch with clinical management requiring a complex and multidisciplinary treatment approach. It has been suspected that teeth could be smaller in the maxillary or mandibular arches in patients experiencing agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor, making ideal occlusal relationships and space creation for restoration of the lateral incisor difficult to obtain. The purpose of this study is to determine if a tooth size discrepancy exists in orthodontic patients with agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor(s).

Forty sets of dental casts from Caucasian orthodontic patients (19 male …

The Effects Of Different Surface Treatments On The Shear Bond Strength Of Composite Resin To Machined Titanium, Mohammad Sadeq Aljadi

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between machined titanium and composite resin using different surface treatments.

Materials and Methods: Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) specimens were ground with 600 grit SiC paper and randomly divided into 6 groups (n=20/group). Group #1 (Control): samples were sandblasted with 110 µm Al₂O₃ for 10 sec. Group #2 (Rocatec): samples were treated with the Rocatec system following the manufacturer's directions but the silanization step was eliminated. Group #3 (Silano Pen): samples were treated with the Silano Pen system. Group #4 (H₂SO₄ etched): samples were …

Friction Testing Of A New Ligature, Alison Mantel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: To determine if American Orthodontics' (AO) new, experimental ligature demonstrates less friction in vitro when compared to four other ligatures on the market.

Methods: Four brackets were mounted on a custom metal fixture allowing an 0.018-in stainless steel wire attached to an opposite fixture with one bracket to be passively centered in the bracket slot. The wire was ligated to the bracket using one of five types of ligatures including the low friction test ligatures (AO), conventional ligatures (AO), Sili–TiesTM, Silicone Infused Ties (GAC), Synergy® Low-Friction Ligatures (RMO), and SuperSlick ligatures (TP Orthodontics). Resistance to sliding was measured over …

Metallurgical Characterization Of New Palladium-Containing Cocr And Nicr Alloys, Raghav Puri

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Recently introduced to the market has been an entirely new subclass of casting alloy composition whereby palladium (~25 wt%) is added to traditional base metal alloys such as CoCr and NiCr.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microstructure and Vickers hardness of two new CoPdCr and one new NiPdCr alloy and compare them to traditional CoCr and NiCr alloys.

Methods: The casting alloys investigated were: CoPdCr-A (Noble Crown NF, The Argen Corporation), CoPdCr-I (Callisto CP+, Ivoclar Vivadent), NiPdCr (Noble Crown, Argen), CoCr (Argeloy N.P. Special, Argen), and NiCr (Argeloy N.P. Star, Argen). As- cast cylindrical alloy …

Effects Of Rapid Maxillary Expansion On Upper Airway; A 3 Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis, Yoon Hwan Chang

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess changes in the volume and cross sectional areas of the upper airway in children with maxillary constriction treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME).

The study group consisted of 5 males and 9 females with mean age of 12.93 years with posterior cross bite and constricted maxilla who were treated with hyrax expander as part of their comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Pre and post RME CBCT scans were analyzed with 3D Dolphin 11.0 software to measure the retropalatal (RP) and retroglossal (RG) airway changes including volume and cross …

Marginal Ridge Thickness (Mrt) Of Maxillary Incisors, Mark Foster

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Aim: To determine the marginal ridge thickness (MRT) of maxillary incisors in orthodontic patients and the possible correlation between MRT and Bolton Index.

Methods: 120 pre<–>orthodontic treatment dental casts were collected, following the inclusion criteria: Quality pretreatment upper and lower casts, age 10<–>16, full permanent dentition (except 2nd and 3rd molars), no obvious wear/attrition/abrasion, no proximal restorations or crowns. For each cast, the mesio (M<–>D)distal (M<–>D) widths of the upper and lower teeth from left 1st molar to right 1st molar were measured to calculate Bolton Index. The MRTs of the maxillary incisors were measured in …

An In Vitro Evaluation Of Microleakage In Class V Preparations Restored With Hybrid Versus Silorane Composites., Fahad Umer, Farah Naz Farid, Farhan Raza Khan

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Aim: To compare the difference in microleakage values using conventional and new low-shrink Silorane composites using the dye penetration method. Background: With improvement in adhesive technology, problems associated with composites have been largely overcome. However, microleakage due to polymerization shrinkage still remains a challenge. New Silorane-based composites are alleged to have less than 1% polymerization shrinkage, which would potentially decrease the microleakage, and hence, resolve this longstanding issue. Materials And Methods: The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (A,B, and C). Group A was restored with conventional composite (Valux() Plus), with a total-etch protocol, Group B was restored with …

Access To Dental Care In Two Long-Term Refugee Camps In Western Tanzania; Programme Development And Assessment, Toni M. Roucka

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective:  To analyse the demographics surrounding and the sustainability of a course in Emergency Dental Care and Health Promotion developed and taught by a team of dentists from the United States to refugee camp health-care workers in two long-term refugee camps in Western Tanzania.

Methods:  Refugee camp dental patient log books from Mtabila and Nyarugusu camps Kigoma, Tanzania were analysed and demographic data collected on each patient visit from the programme inception in November 2007 until August 2009. Data collection included information relevant to 1961 patient visits. Data were entered into SPSS Statistics 17.0 using the Freq application.

Outcomes:  Patient …

Moving An Incisor Across The Midline: A Treatment Alternative In An Adolescent Patient, Jose A. Bosio, T. Gerard Bradley, Arthur F. Hefti

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A 13-year-old sought treatment for a severely compromised maxillary left central incisor and an impacted fully developed left canine. Extraction of both teeth became necessary. As the key component of the revised comprehensive treatment plan, the right maxillary central incisor was moved into the position of the left central incisor. All other maxillary teeth were moved mesially to close any gaps. Active orthodontic treatment was completed after 34 months. Frenectomy, minor periodontal surgeries, and bonded lingual retainers were used to improve aesthetics and stabilize the tooth positions. The patient was pleased with the treatment outcome. Cone-beam computed tomography provided evidence …

Jordanian Dentists' Knowledge And Implementation Of Eco-Friendly Dental Office Strategies, Sabha Mahmoud Al Shatrat

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if Jordanian dentists have knowledge about eco-friendly dental offices strategies and were employing these in their dental practices. Male and female dentists between the ages of 23–65, who work in private dental practices in the city of Amman, the capital of Jordan, were included in this study. Dentists' names and addresses were obtained from the Jordanian Dental Association. Data for this study was gathered via a researcher-designed questionnaire distributed to a convenience sample of 150 dentists. Dentists were selected according to their dental practice locality until the required number was completed. The …

Eruption Delay And Sequelae In Permanent Incisors Following Intrusive Luxation In Primary Dentition: A Case Report, H. Cem Güngör, Esin Püşman, Serdar Uysal

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

With respect to its consequences, intrusive luxation is one of the most severe form of dental traumatic injuries in primary dentition. This case report presents crown and root deformation of a permanent incisor together with its delayed eruption which have resulted from a traumatic injury to its predecessor.

Ada News - 03/21/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Misdiagnosis Of Lateral Periodontal Cysts: A Retrospective Study, Piper Larson, John Huebner, Nagamani Narayana

Posters and Presentations: College of Dentistry

A total of 239 cases were retrieved from the files of the UNMC College of Dentistry oral biopsy service which had lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) as a clinical or a histological diagnosis. Of these, 178 were submitted with a clinical differential diagnosis that included LPC. Upon histological examination only 26 (11%) of those were in fact LPC. Only 21(9%) of the 51 cases diagnosed histologically met the criteria for LPC. Within those 239 cases, 120(50%) cases were inflammatory cysts, 31(13%) of the samples were determined to be keratocystic odontogenic tumors (odontogenic keratocysts). Conclusion: The LPC is frequently misdiagnosed due to …

Ada News - 03/07/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

New Dentist News (March 2011), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Periodontal Ligament And Gingival Fibroblasts Participate In The Production Of Tgf-Β, Interleukin (Il)-8 And Il-10, Ana Carolina Morandini, Carla Renata Sipert, Erivan Schnaider Ramos-Junior, Daniel Thomas Brozoski, Carlos Ferreira Santos

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The aim of this study was to quantify and compare the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-10 by human cultured periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts both obtained from the same donors challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis. Fibroblasts were exposed to 0.1-10 µg/mL of LPS from P. gingivalis and after 24 h the supernatants were collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TGF-β protein production was upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner, mainly in gingival fibroblasts, which was statistically significant when challenged by 10 µg/mL LPS. Additionally, at this concentration, gingival fibroblasts had almost …

D-4f, An Apoa-1 Mimetic, Decreases Airway Hyperresponsiveness, Inflammation, And Oxidative Stress In A Murine Model Of Asthma, S. D. Nandedkar, D. Weihrauch, H. Xu, Y. Shi, T. Feroah, W. Hutchins, D. A. Rickaby, Nejat Düzgüneş, C. A. Hillery, K. S. Konduri, K. A. Pritchard

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Asthma is characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation of the airways. Although proinflammatory lipids are involved in asthma, therapies targeting them remain lacking. Ac-DWFKAFYDKVAEKFKEAFNH2 (4F) is an apolipoprotein (apo)A-I mimetic that has been shown to preferentially bind oxidized lipids and improve HDL function. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of 4F on oxidative stress, inflammation, and airway resistance in an established murine model of asthma. We show here that ovalbumin (OVA) -sensitization increased airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophil recruitment, and collagen deposition in lungs of C57BL/6J mice by a mechanism that could be reduced by 4F. OVA …

The Evolution Of Prophy Paste, Caren M. Barnes

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

Dental hygienists have many products to choose from when deciding which prophy paste is best for each patient. To date, the evidence supporting prophy pastes formulated to remineralize enamel or eliminate dentinal hypersensitivity is somewhat unclear. Most of the research has been conducted in vitro among environments that do not accurately simulate clinical conditions. Additional clinical research performed in vivo is needed to provide the evidence base necessary for effective clinical decision making.

Porcelain Fused To Metal (Pfm) Crowns And Caries In Adjacent Teeth, Durr-E-Sadaf, Zubair Ahmad

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To assess the discrepancies in marginal integrity and contact points of Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) crowns and its association with caries in adjacent teeth.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Dental Section of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to August 2009.

METHODOLOGY: Ninety six (96) patients with PFM crowns on maxillary and mandibular premolars and molars were included in this study. Single unit PFM crowns that were part of fixed bridge with at least one natural adjacent tooth were studied. PFM crown with no adjacent tooth or badly broken down teeth were …

J Am Coll Dent 2011 78 1

Journal of the American College of Dentists

The Journal of the American College of Dentists (JACD) publishes scholarly articles, editorials, essays, and reflections addressing the ethical, professional, and social dimensions of dentistry. The Journal serves as a forum for advancing ethics, professionalism, leadership, and excellence within the dental community. By fostering dialogue across disciplines and perspectives, JACD provides readers with insights that encourage ethical, professional practice, lifelong learning, and service to the public, reinforcing dentistry’s commitment to advancing oral healthcare and the common good.

Ada News - 02/21/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Aspirin Treatment Of Mice Infected With Trypanosoma Cruzi And Implications For The Pathogenesis Of Chagas Disease, Shankar Mukherjee, Fabiana S. Machado, Huang Huang, Helieh S. Oz, Linda A. Jelicks, Cibele M. Prado, Wade Koba, Eugene J. Fine, Dazhi Zhao, Stephen M. Factor, J. Elias Collado, Louis M. Weiss, Herbert B. Tanowitz, Anthony W. Ashton

Center for Oral Health Research Faculty Publications

Chagas disease, caused by infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important cause of cardiovascular disease. It is increasingly clear that parasite-derived prostaglandins potently modulate host response and disease progression. Here, we report that treatment of experimental T. cruzi infection (Brazil strain) beginning 5 days post infection (dpi) with aspirin (ASA) increased mortality (2-fold) and parasitemia (12-fold). However, there were no differences regarding histopathology or cardiac structure or function. Delayed treatment with ASA (20 mg/kg) beginning 60 dpi did not increase parasitemia or mortality but improved ejection fraction. ASA treatment diminished the profile of parasite- and host-derived circulating prostaglandins in infected …

Ada News - 02/07/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Potential Pathophysiological Mechanisms In Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw, Regina L. Landesberg

UCHC Articles - Research

Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, skeletal complications associated with metastastic bone disease, Paget’s disease, and osteoporosis. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a recently described clinical condition that has been associated with the use of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Reports describing this entity first appeared in the literature in 2003. While there have been significant numbers of case reports and a limited number of retrospective and prospective studies examining risk factors associated with ONJ, the pathophysiology of this condition remains elusive. In this review, we explore proposed mechanisms underlying ONJ development and identify potential areas for future …

Ada News - 01/17/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Identification Of Differential Pharyngeal Cytokine Profiles During Hiv Infection, R. A. P. M. Perera, P. C. S. Tsang, Craig S. Miller, P. Li, M. P. Lee, L. P. Samaranayake

Center for Oral Health Research Presentations

Significantly higher pharyngeal shedding of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is observed during HIV infection. Increased EBV shedding in pharynx is not affected even during highly active antiretroviral theyrapy (HAART). EBV positive monocyte populations have been shown to carry EBV to pharyngeal mucosa. Human cytokine profiles are often altered to facilitate herpes virus infection. Thus pharyngeal cytokine profiles may influence EBV reactivation and shedding during HIV infection. Our objective was to compare 37 pharyngeal cytokine profiles of HIV-seropositive patients who were or were not receiving HAART therapy.

Apoptosis In Displaced Temporomandibular Joint Disc With And Without Reduction: An Immunohistochemical Study, Carla Loreto, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Paula C. Trevilatto, Rosalia Leonardi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is due to an abnormal relationship of the articular disc to the mandibular condyle, glenoid fossa and articular eminence. The two most common types of internal derangement are anterior disc displacement with (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR). Disc displacement is associated with degenerative tissue changes. The histological features of discs from patients with TMJ ID reflect a general remodelling caused by abnormal loading. A correlation has been demonstrated between TMJ ID and apoptosis. Few investigations have addressed the role of apoptosis or caspase activity in TMJ ID. The apoptosis activation process was …

Ada News - 01/03/2011, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Faculty Impressions Of Dental Students’ Performance With And Without Virtual Reality Simulation, Riki Gottlieb, Sharon K. Lanning, John C. Gunsolley, Judith A. Buchanan

Periodontics Publications

This study compared faculty perceptions and expectations of dental students’ abilities using virtual reality simulation (VRS) to those who did not use virtual reality simulation (non-VRS) in an operative dentistry preclinical course. A sixteen-item survey with a ten-point rating scale and three open-ended questions asked about students’ abilities in ergonomics, confidence level, performance, preparation, and self-assessment. The surveys were administered three times to a small group of preclinical faculty members. First, faculty members (n=12, 92 percent response rate) gave their perceptions of non-VRS students’ abilities at the end of their traditional course. Secondly, faculty members (n=13, 100 percent response rate) …

The Streptococcus Sanguinis Competence Regulon Is Not Required For Infective Endocarditis Virulence In A Rabbit Model, Jill E. Callahan, Cindy L. Munro, Todd Kitten

Philips Institute for Oral Health Research Publications

Streptococcus sanguinis is an important component of dental plaque and a leading cause of infective endocarditis. Genetic competence in S. sanguinis requires a quorum sensing system encoded by the early comCDE genes, as well as late genes controlled by the alternative sigma factor, ComX. Previous studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus mutans have identified functions for the >100-gene com regulon in addition to DNA uptake, including virulence. We investigated this possibility in S. sanguinis. Strains deleted for the comCDE orcomX master regulatory genes were created. Using a rabbit endocarditis model in conjunction with a variety of virulence assays, …