Dentistry Commons^™

Histological Comparison Of Human Pulpal Tissue Reactions After Vital Partial Pulpectomies Using N-2, Dycal And Zoe Paste, David P. Clark

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A histological comparison of forty-four human teeth in which vital partial pulpectomies were performed, and the pulp stumps covered with dycal, N-2 and ZOE was carried out. The time interval at which the teeth were extracted for study was ten, twelve and fourteen weeks. These teeth were on patients twelve through seventeen years of age and were to he extracted for orthodontic purposes. The teeth were caries free, vital and asymptomatic. The percent retaining vital tissue, time intervals and type of paste were as follows:

• 14 week, dycal 75%
• 14 week, N-2 100%
• 12 week, ZOE 30%
• 12 week, N-2 …

A Screening Psychological Evaluation Of Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Or, Let's Evaluate The Personality Along With The Radiographs, William A. Woods

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this study a lateral transcranial oblique TMJ radiographic series and a psychometric test were used in the initial diagnosis of twenty four patients presenting with pain and dysfunction of the TMJ area. It was found that the two diagnostic tests could be done practically in the dental office. The results of the two tests combined with history, and clinical findings gave the doctor the ability to make a more discriminating diagnosis. The doctor then had increased insight into the patients' expected response to treatment. He could also predict problem patients on the basis of their personality type. This gave …

Cephalometric Norms For The Mexican Population Using The Ricketts, Steinar, And Tweed Analyses, Eduardo A. Velarde

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In order to investigate the characteristics of the facial complex of the Mexican and to compare them with the Caucasian, a sample of 40 subjects, 31 males and nine females, of Latin American origin from Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico, with a mean age of 16.6 years, were selected for this study. The criteria for selection were visual and only individuals with clinical normal, Angle Class I occlusion were chosen.

Lateral head Roentgenograms were obtained and cephalometric evaluation of the Skeletal and Dental Pattern was carried out using the Ricketts, Steiner, and Tweed Analyses.

The mean values for the Mexican were compared …

The Lasting Antimicrobial Qualities Of Three Root Canal Sealing Materials : Grossman's Sealer, Rickert's Sealer, And N2 Permanent, Lee R. Ingersoll

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An in vitro study using polyethylene tubes filled with Grossman's sealer, Rickert's sealer, and N2 permanent was conducted over a six month period in an effort to determine their lasting antimicrobial properties against eight different microorganisms.

From the study it was observed that N2 permanent possesses a long-lasting antimicrobial effect, but this effect appears to diminish greatly with time. Further investigation is needed to determine whether or not the effect is actually permanent in nature. The N2 permanent was also shown to have broader antimicrobial effectiveness against the eight microorganisms tested. N2 permanent produced zones of inhibition against five of …

Histologic Comparison Of Apical Tissue Response To Endodontic Overfills With Gutta Percha And Grossman's Sealer Vs. Sargenti Method (N₂), Donald L. Brewer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study compared endodontic overfills of N₂ and gutta percha-Grossman's Sealer from a histopathological basis. The study employed four male rhesus monkeys and a sample of 31 teeth.

The most obvious difference between the samples filled with N₂ and the gutta percha-Grossman's Sealer samples was the recurring presence of ankylosis in the N₂-treated teeth. Results also included bone necrosis, inflammation and root and bone resorption.

The N₂ samples were considered to have evidenced greater violence of reaction apically.

A Computerized Roentgenographic Cephalometric Study Of Hydrocephalus, Charles R. Henry Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A preliminary roentgenographic cephalometric investigation of twelve hydrocephalics has been conducted to consider the effects of increased intracranial pressure and enlarged neural mass on the craniofacial complex.

The Ricketts computerized analysis, utilizing both posterior-anterior and lateral cephalograms, and the Steiner and Tweed analyses, utilizing the lateral cephalogram, were used to compare the hydrocephalic to the norm.

The anterior cranial base was found to be significantly increased in length possibly due to the effects of hydrocephalus. The effects of hydrocephalus on the facial measurements were questionable in view of the fact that the significant findings of: 1) excessive inclination and protrusion …

The Theoretical Distribution Of Forces In The Rigid Component Of The Buccal Arch Positioner, Dennis H. Teruya

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The distribution of an applied force to the rigid component of the Buccal Arch Positioner was determined with a theoretically formulated model. The rigid component was assumed to be a free body without the semi-rigid attachments and was evaluated at four points for the force distribution. The summation of the forces and the moments were equated to zero and were utilized to derive equations to solve for the unknown forces. The unknown forces at each point of the rigid component were solved for in terms of the given force applications.

A laterally directed force application at one of the posterior …

Development And Analyses Of A New Ideal Finishing Appliance, Robert M. Asatani

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new theoretical finishing appliance which should reduce the problems encountered during finishing with the present appliances. Maxillary and mandibular Buccal Arch Positioner appliances were constructed on a model that could deliver custom-designed force magnitude and direction to each tooth.

The mean force and displacement of 1 mm. for each flexible component were quantitated individually while all other flexible components were in a passive bracket position to see if the force magnitude to each tooth was constructed properly. Various hypothetical situation were quantitated. Unilateral mesial vectors caused skewing and labial displacement of …

Cephalometrics For The Oral Surgeon In The Diagnosis Of Facial Deformities, Frederick J. Mantz

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Surgical orthodontics presents a challenge to the oral surgeon. By the nature of the oral surgeon's training and discipline he should be the one best qualified to treat the surgical aspect of the surgical orthodontic case. The establishment of a proper diagnosis and means of communication between the oral surgeon and orthodontist are essential in achieving a good final result for the surgically treated case. Fortunately, a scientific method of diagnosis is available that can provide both specialties with a common language. Computerized cephalometric analysis can provide the diagnosis and link of communication for the discussion of goals and treatment. …

A Method Of Analyzing Mandibular Movement, Richard B. Mccoy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Mandibular movement is considered to be a fundamental factor in the study, analysis, and treatment of occlusion. For many years, dentists have realized that dental health depends upon the compatibility of mandibular movements and occlusion. This realization has led to the development of new methods and techniques for recording accurately and scientifically the movements of the mandible. In order for this data to be of scientific value, it must be stored in a usable form which is easily available for analysis.

The purpose of this research project was to develop a procedure for storing and recalling mandibular-movement information. Before such …

Viability Of Dentin In Rats Incisors : Fluid Movement In Pulpless, Endodontically Treated, And Normal Teeth In Rats, Maria Luisa Canales

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

It is a well established fact that there is a fluid transport system through the dentin, however to the present time very little has been done regarding this system in teeth that have been endodontically treated.

The present work was conducted in vivo using the lower incisors of rats as the medium for the study.

A selected number of Sprague Dawley rats (36 animals), whose average age was 60 days, and whose body weight averaged about 180 grams, were given an anesthetic of Sodium Pentabarbitol, .05 to .07 ml. per 100 grams body weight. This anesthetic was injected intraperitoneally.

The …

The Effect Of Post-Operative Use Of Chlorhexidine On Periodontal Regeneration In Monkeys With Chronic Bifurcation Defects, J. Pat Bishop

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Periodontal regeneration and inflammation was evaluated histometrically in 36 paired teeth in six macque(sic) monkeys with chronic bifurcation defects. Daily topical TL Chlorhexidine was applied to one-half of the teeth, saline to the other half for six weeks after the bifurcation defects were surgically debrided. Measurements were made from a section taken from the mid-bifurcation for each tooth. The results demonstrated no significant difference in the area of inflammatory response or the degree of regenerative capacity of post-operative healing between Chlorhexidine treated and paired nontreated control teeth.

Effect Of Post-Operative Use Of Chlorhexidine On Regeneration Of Bifurcation Defects In Dogs, Gary Bogle

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The daily post-operative use of topical chlorhexidine application has been compared to daily toothbrushing. Periodontal defects were experimentally created in the bifurcations of lower premolars in dogs. The defects were treated by surgical debridement. Chlorhexidine application and toothbrushing were performed post-operatively for six weeks on contralateral pairs of teeth. The amounts of connective tissue and bone regeneration were evaluated from microscopic sections of the bifurcation areas. No difference between chlorhexidine and tooth brushing was found for the connective tissue attachment. However, significantly more bone had regenerated in the chlorhexidine treated areas than the tooth brushed area.

A Study Of The Evaluation Of Various Techniques And Materials In The Obturation Of Lateral And Accessory Canals, Allen E. Flans

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to test the effect of different types of condensation, irrigants, filling materials and techniques, and variations in root canal preparation, on the success of sealing lateral and accessory canals, whose presence was determined before hand, and to relate certain inherent anatomic and morphologic characteristics of these canals to the amount of sealing obtained. Seventy-three teeth containing 85 lateral canals were instrumented and irrigated with either NaOCl, NaOCl-RC Prep or saline. The filling materials used were gutta percha, softened and unsoftened and Cavit. Half the teeth were filled using sealer. Final radiographs were studied for …

Effect Of Tooth Cleaning Procedures On Gingival Sulcus, Klaus D. Wolfram

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effect of tooth cleaning procedures on the gingival sulcus has been investigated. Clinically healthy gingivae from thirty-two maxillary anterior teeth of eight individuals served as experimental sites. Measurements were obtained from zinc-oxide eugenol impressions of the sulcular area. Subsequent to periods of toothbrushing, the presence of a gingival sulcus could generally be demonstrated. This was observed for the Roll as well as for the Bass method of brushing. Following no-brushing periods, during which chlorhexidine plaque control was exercised, a reduction in sulcus depths and often a disappearance of the sulcus was noted. It is suggested that the presence of …

Observations On The Application Of The Buccal Arch Positioner, Gerald A. Fillmore

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Some of the difficulties of achieving individual tooth to tooth relationships in finishing orthodontic cases can be associated with the appliances. In an attempt to overcome many of these difficulties, the Buccal Arch Positioner (BAP) has been theoretically proposed.

This Study adapted the theoretical BAP to clinical orthodontics to observe its acceptance by patients and operators and to observe changes in occlusion during treatment.

Three patients Were chosen and BAPs were constructed. The .072 in. rigid member was found to be adequate in strength and rigidity, however it produced some minor irritation of the vestibular tissues. A pilot study of …

The Development Of A New Appliance For The Third Stage Of Begg Treatment, Ronald C. Parker

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The third stage of Begg treatment can pose difficulties to the orthodontist. Some of the undesirable developments encountered are anchorage loss, unintentional tooth tipping, extrusion, intrusion, palatal and mandibular rotation, muscular strain and profile deficiency or procumbency. In the interest of eliminating or minimizing these developments a new appliance was developed for use during the third stage of treatment.

Simply described, the appliance consisted of a rigid vestibular arch that provided anchorage for flexible extensions to each tooth. Extraoral force was directed to the maxillary rigid arch to counter anterior root torquing forces.

Anchorage control, maxillary incisor torquing efficiency and …

Modifications, Adaptations, And Clinical Observations On The Buccal Arch Positioner, Bill J. Miller

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Buccal arch positioners (BAP) were constructed for four orthodontic patients banded with edgewise brackets, which were clinically observed during the finishing stages of treatment. At 2-4 week intervals data were collected on oral hygiene, tissue tolerance, magnitude and duration of soreness, and ease of appliance insertion and adjustments.

During the construction of the BAP, an ideal set up was found to be necessary for construction of the flexible components. It had the final location of each tooth visible so the investigator could work towards that goal.

Heat treatment of the rigid component was done to remove the cold working stress …

The Clinical Efficacy Of Cavit, Eric J. Herbranson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This paper was undertaken to study the use of Cavit an[sic] an endodontic filling material.

Part I examines the physical and biological properties of Cavit. This material has a 14% linear setting expansion, which results in a very tight interphase seal. It is theorized that this type of seal in connection with a three dimensional obturation is necessary to prevent the flow of irritant from the oral environment to the periapical tissue.

The biological properties are tentatively shown to be similar to ZOE.

A description of the use of Cavit in various clinical situations is included.

Part II is a …

Clinical Photographic Analysis Of Dentofacial Midline Asymmetries, Larry A. Okmin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Clinical diagnosis of dentofacial midline asymmetries has been difficult because of the problems in locating a reliable median sagittal reference plane, and because of the complexity and time involved in analysis. For these reasons, the clinician has generally resorted to direct visual observation in diagnosing midline discrepancies. A quick, precise, chairside method of dentofacial midline analysis would be of benefit to the orthodontist.

This study presented a clinical photographic method of dentofacial midline analysis and compared its precision with that of direct observation. The photographic method employed an Orthoscan Polaroid intraoral camera (Unitek) with a positioning device used to relate …

Pins In A Composite : Their Effects On The Strength Of The Material, Milton Latoni-Camarena

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The influence of pins on the compression and tensile strength of a composite resin was measured.

Compression strength was measured in cylindrical samples 8 mm long and 4 mm in diameter, using different size threaded stainless steel pins. The tensile strength was determined by compression along the diameter of cylindrical samples containing different sizes and orientations of threaded stainless steel pins.

The conventional dumbbell tensile strength was measured by pulling the mounted specimens in the direction of their long axis, using non-threaded pins.

These tests demonstrated that the compressive strength of the composite was increased 10 percent when the large …

Oral Lichen Planus : A Clinical Study Of The Association With Diabetes Mellitus And Vascular Hypertension, Gordon M. Rick

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This investigation concerns the relationship of diabetes mellitus and vascular hypertension to oral lichen planus. Questionnaires were sent to 470 patients with oral lichen planus: 286 responded. Of these patients 103 were examined clinically, and 74 with current lesions were divided into ''keratotic'' and ''erosive'' categories. These patients underwent three-hour oral glucose tolerance tests; also, their asterial blood pressure was determined. In the survey group, diabetes was reported about three times more frequently by those with "erosive"; oral lichen planus than by those ''keratoic" lesions. The overall prevalence of diabetes was about two and one-half times greater than expected compared …

Microscopic Evaluation Of Topically Applied Chlorhexidine Gluconate On Gingival Wound Healing In Dogs, Robert C. Hirst

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate microscopically the effect of topically applied 2% chlorhexidine gluconate on the healing of gingival wounds in dogs.

One week after the teeth were scaled and polished, seven experimental wound sites were prepared in the facial gingiva adjacent to the four premolars on each side of the maxillary arch in six young Labrador dogs. From this point the dogs were fed a soft plaque-inducing diet. Chlorhexidine solution was applied daily to either the right or left maxillary premolars while on the opposite side of the arch in three dogs the first and second …

Marrow Isografts In The Oral Cavity Of Mice, Robert L. Merin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The objectives of this study were to develop an animal model for testing oral bone and marrow transplantation that is adaptable to immunological studies; to determine the effect of an isogeneic graft of cancellous bone and marrow on the healing of surgically created defects; and to determine the fate of grafted isogeneic cancellous bone and marrow transplanted into defects. Fourteen CBA/H mice served as experimental animals and bilateral intraoral defects were prepared. The experimental side received isogeneic graft material while the other side served as a control. Osseous healing was found to be accelerated in the defects receiving graft material …

The Effect Of Oral Allografts Of Cancellous Bone And Marrow In Mice, George E. Deeb

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was: to develop a model for testing oral bone transplantation; to study the healing of a surgically produced defect with and without the transplantation of strongly allogeneic cancellous bones and marrow; and to determine the fate of the allogenic grafts. Twenty-eight CBA/H mice served as experimental animals. Intra-oral defects were made and in 14 of the animals strongly allogenic cancellous bone and marrow were transplanted. The 14 remaining animals served as controls. It was observed that the healing was delayed in the experimental animals as compared to the controls and that the grafted material was …

Value Of Oxygen With Innovar And Methohexital For Outpatient Oral Surgery, Andrew D. Harsany

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This paper demonstrates the value of oxygen in maintaining arterial blood gas in an adequate range during outpatient oral surgery. Dental extractions were completed on ten patients under an anesthetic technique utilizing Innovar and methohexital with supplemental nasal oxygen. Blood gas samples were drawn at five stages during the procedure.

The mean of the PaO₂ samples drawn with the patient at the point of deepest sedation was approximately three times the normal value.

Oxygen for pulmonary ventilation provides a reservoir in the lungs, saturation of hemoglobin, and increased oxygen in the plasma which provides a margin of safety if …

Measurement Of The Force Of The External Pterygoid Muscles, Hajime Suya

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Much research has been done to determine closure forces of patients. This study was designed to determine the effect of certain variables on the maximum protrusive force of patients.

Custom mandibular clutches were fabricated out of blue tray resin for each patient. A clutch adaptor was fastened to the clutch to secure the weight testing apparatus. Maximum protrusive forces were recorded for each patient when the force paralleled the Frankfurt line and the angle of the eminence. This testing was accomplished with and without the use of a maxillary clutch, designed to allow the closure muscles to brace the mandibular …

A Clinical Evaluation Of Space Closure And Anchorage Loss In Stage I And Ii Begg Treatment, William G. Byrne

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There has been much controversy about the Begg technique since its introduction in this country. This controversy has focused on the biomechanics, specific tissue reactions, the speed, ease, chair time, and patient comfort experienced in its use, and the cephalometric results of treatment. Because of the magnitude of the discrepancies found in the literature, a comprehensive clinical evaluation of the Begg technique was conducted through the termination of Stage II mechanics.

The study indicated that light forces in the range of 2.5 to 3 ounces are adequate for tipping teeth and closing extraction spaces. The effectiveness of the technique in …

Endodontic Sealing Properties Of Cavit, Chloro-Rosin Gutta Percha, N2, And Silver Cones Using Radioisotopes, Frank H. Beal

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The main purpose of this investigation was to test the endodontic sealing abilities of silver cones, N2, warm gutta percha, chemically softened gutta percha, laterally condensed gutta percha and Cavit under carefully controlled conditions. Evaluations were done by radiographic, macroscopic, microscopic, and autoradiographic examinations.

The four points which must be considered when evaluating the efficacy of sealing root canal systems, in vivo, were presented and discussed.

Cavit as a total endodontic filling material was presented, investigated and discussed.

An improvement of the chloro-rosin - gutta percha diffusion technique was presented.

The concept of surface as well as marginal leakage was …

A Clinical Comparison Of Six Orthodontic Techniques, Erik H. Madsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Controversy exists concerning the relative superiority of various orthodontic techniques because of the difficulties encountered in making comparative clinical studies of these techniques which are scientific and statistically meaningful. The purpose of this study was to clinically compare six different orthodontic techniques which are currently being taught, relative to a number of criteria, and to do it in a scientifically significant manner.

In order to eliminate as many of the irrelevant variables as possible, the patients were required to pass a relatively stringent screening to participate. Among other things, the patients had to have first molars in Class I relation …