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Articles 181 - 210 of 223
Full-Text Articles in Dentistry
The Influence Of Growth Factors Applied During Socket Conversion, On The Incidence Of Spontaneous Early Dental Implant Exposure, Michael Anh Minh Nguyen
The Influence Of Growth Factors Applied During Socket Conversion, On The Incidence Of Spontaneous Early Dental Implant Exposure, Michael Anh Minh Nguyen
All ETDs from UAB
Spontaneous early exposure of a dental implant's cover screw can result in a nidus for plaque accumulation, which may result in inflammation, damage to the peri-implant mucosa, and possible peri-implant bone loss. This study aims to investigate the effect of the addition of growth factors, specifically recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor, and platelet-rich plasma, at the time of socket conversion, on the incidence of early implant exposures. This retrospective study utilized data from a study involving a total of 80 implants that were placed in 4 different types of sites (Groups 1,2,3, and 4). Group 1 sites were extraction sites …
Three Dimensional Comparison Of Facial Morphology Of A Caucasian American Population And A Native Brazilian Population, William N. Turner
Three Dimensional Comparison Of Facial Morphology Of A Caucasian American Population And A Native Brazilian Population, William N. Turner
All ETDs from UAB
The aim of this study was to assess the use of 3-dimensional facial averages in determining facial morphologic differences in a Caucasian North American population and a native Brazilian population. Methods and Materials: Three-dimensional images were acquired through a commercially available stereo-photogrammetric camera system (The 3dMDfaceTM system). A total of 200 images from two population groups (Caucasian American and Native Brazilian) were taken. Each image was acquired as a facial mesh and orientated along a triangulated axis. All facial images were overlaid and superimposed, using Rapid Form 6 software to create a composite facial average of one man and one …
Histomorphometry And Quantitative Analysis Of Longer-Term Implant Interfaces, Dave Darko Kojic
Histomorphometry And Quantitative Analysis Of Longer-Term Implant Interfaces, Dave Darko Kojic
All ETDs from UAB
Objective: This investigation was to evaluate (>10 year) bone response around custom (HA plasma coated) dental implants and HA particulate. Materials and Methods: Three individual post mortem mandibular COI Implants with surrounding bone were processed at six transverse locations to obtain non-decalcified ground sections (20-80µm)(n=36) and stained initially with methylene blue/basic fuchsin. Slides were evaluated to select (n= 8) slides for regions of interest along the perimeter of the implant, using optical microscopy (Olympus BX51 microscope) with a Retiga EXi color digital camera (Olympus, Center Valley, PA) and Bioquant VR software (R&M Biometrics, Nashville, TN) at an original magnification …
A Histologic And Radiologic Analysis Of Bone Formation Under The Elevated Maxillary Sinus Using Venous Coagulum As The Sole Filling Material, Kathleen Ann Beaudry
A Histologic And Radiologic Analysis Of Bone Formation Under The Elevated Maxillary Sinus Using Venous Coagulum As The Sole Filling Material, Kathleen Ann Beaudry
All ETDs from UAB
Insufficient bone height is a common obstacle to placing dental implants in the posterior maxilla. Sinus lift procedures using various grafting materials have been shown to be a highly predictable way to increase bone height in the posterior maxilla (Jensen 1998). Given the wide range of materials that have proven successful in augmenting the sinus, the argument could be made that the presence of graft is not critical. Instead, the creation and maintenance of space, provided by two implants, along with the osteoinductive properties of the membrane, the periosteum, and growth factors provided by a blood clot are the only …
The Characteristics Of Soft Tissue Following Root Coverage Procedures With Two Types Of Acellular Dermal Matrix Allografts, Ramzi Abou Arraj
The Characteristics Of Soft Tissue Following Root Coverage Procedures With Two Types Of Acellular Dermal Matrix Allografts, Ramzi Abou Arraj
All ETDs from UAB
Acellular dermal matrix allograft (ADMA) has emerged as a reliable substitute for autogenous soft tissue grafts in the treatment of gingival recessions and lack of keratinized gingiva (KG). ADMA has been hypothesized to create a zone of "immobile tissue" extending apical to the mucogingival junction (MGJ). This project aims to investigate the presence of this zone associated with the use of a coronally advanced flap in combination with either AlloDerm® (ADMA A) or Puros Dermis® (ADMA B) for root coverage procedures. Twenty patients, each presenting with one Miller Class I or II recession defect, were randomized to receive either ADMA …
Effect Of Different Percentages Of Silica Nanofibers Filler Loads On Mechanical And Physical Properties Of Flowable And Hybrid Composite Resins, Qinyue Cai
All ETDs from UAB
Dental composites are used for a variety of applications in dentistry today. Dental composites are composed of a resin matrix containing a blend of Bis-GMA (bis-phenol A-glycidyldimethacrylate) or urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) along with TEGDMA (tetraethylglycidylmethacrylate). Exhaustive researches has been conducted in recent years to improve physical and mechanical properties of resin-based dental composites, since the existing resin-filler systems may not be suitable for long term applications in large as well as high stress restorations. Nanofillers reinforced composite resins have shown promising results. Silica-based nanoparticles and clusters are blended with larger-sized fillers and are available commercially for restoring large posterior restorations. …
Wear Of Ceramics And Enamel In A Chewing Simulator, Sridhar Janyavula
Wear Of Ceramics And Enamel In A Chewing Simulator, Sridhar Janyavula
All ETDs from UAB
Dental ceramics are known for their excellent chemical and optical properties. The wear of human enamel and of the restorative material is often a vital and esthetical concern when selecting a restorative material for any given clinical restorative treatment. Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate effect of zirconia (polished, glazed, polished then glazed, adjusted, glazed and adjusted, adjusted and polished and aged zirconia) against human enamel antagonist. A comparison was made between different zirconia, veneering porcelain (Ceramco 3) and natural enamel. Additionally, the surface roughness (Ra) of the ceramic surface was measured before and after wear testing …
Influence Of Surface Treatment Of Y-Tzp And Luting Cements On Retention Of Y-Tzp Crown, Mehdi Karimipour-Saryazdi
Influence Of Surface Treatment Of Y-Tzp And Luting Cements On Retention Of Y-Tzp Crown, Mehdi Karimipour-Saryazdi
All ETDs from UAB
Clinicians for a single tooth restoration, due to improved esthetics, often select all ceramic crowns. Zirconium Oxide has been utilized for many years to full fill the requirement of esthetics, high mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments and luting agents on retention of a zirconium oxide crown. Material and Methods: Ninety extracted teeth were obtained. Teeth were mounted in Ortho JetTM resin (Lang Dental Manufacturing Co., Inc. IL, USA). Occlusal surface was cut flat using Isomet (Buhler Ltd). Diamond burs were used to cut axial walls under water …
Molar Distalization To Resolve Class Ii Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study Utilizing The Carriere Distalizer, Careybeth Hayes Rivers
Molar Distalization To Resolve Class Ii Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study Utilizing The Carriere Distalizer, Careybeth Hayes Rivers
All ETDs from UAB
Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the short-term skeletal and dental effects that occur as a result of Class II malocclusion correction utilizing the Carrière Distalizer as compared to best-matched controls. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort cephalometric study using lateral cephalometric films of 25 (14 male, 11 female, average age 13y 6m) class II patients consecutively treated with the Carrière Distalizer compared with 36 (19 male, 17 female, 13y 2m) untreated class II control subjects from a historical database best-matched based upon age, sex and skeletal classifications. Pretreatment and posttreatment lateral head films were analyzed with …
Clinical Evaluation Of Treatment Of White Spot Lesions With Icon, Candace A. Cronan
Clinical Evaluation Of Treatment Of White Spot Lesions With Icon, Candace A. Cronan
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction: Despite an increased awareness by clinicians and their attempt to aid patients in the prevention of white spot lesions, enamel demineralization continues to be a problem associated with orthodontic treatment. Current treatment options for these unaesthetic scars on the teeth range from conservative options for remineralization such as the use of fluoride and CPP-ACP to more aggressive treatment involving loss of tooth structure with microabrasion or restorations. An innovative option for treatment has recently been introduced in the form of the infiltrant resin, Icon. Icon infiltration is a minimally invasive procedure performed by a dentist that is claimed to …
Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Natural Dentition, Ryan Jeffery Cox
Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Natural Dentition, Ryan Jeffery Cox
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The purpose of this study was to determine if ultra short echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI) technology could be used to image teeth in orthodontics. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy and resolution of UTE-MRI on dental morphology and its application to the field of orthodontics with respect to appliance affect on morphology. Teeth were collected from the Orthodontic clinic at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the Institutional Review Board of the University of Alabama at Birmingham approved the study. High-resolution 3-Tesla UTE-MRI was preformed on sixty extracted human premolar teeth with fixed …
The Effects Of Runx2 Deficiency In Cartilaginous And Mineralized Craniofacial Element, David Summerford
The Effects Of Runx2 Deficiency In Cartilaginous And Mineralized Craniofacial Element, David Summerford
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The development of the orofacial structure in mammals is a highly ordered process that is coordinated activity of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Chondrocytes and osteoblasts work in close association for development of many cartilaginous skeletal structures and cartilaginous orofacial structures. Two major orofacial structures are the palate and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The transcription factor, Runx2, is obligatory for differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes and osteoblasts. However, specific contributions of chondrocyte in cartilaginous and mineralized structures of the craniofacial skeleton are not known. Thus, the objective of this study was to discover the regulatory role of Runx2 in chondrocyte …
Enamel Demineralization Around Bonded Orthdontic Appliances Using Resin Coatings, Michael Brett Wood
Enamel Demineralization Around Bonded Orthdontic Appliances Using Resin Coatings, Michael Brett Wood
All ETDs from UAB
Introduction: Orthodontists work to achieve a favorable esthetic and functional result, only to have the outcome tainted by the presence of demineralization upon appliance removal. The presence of WSL's is a disappointment to both orthodontists and patients. Several products have been developed to prevent this unfortunate damage to tooth structure, including "Opalseal" and "Ortho-coat". Opalseal is a 38% filled primer that releases and recharges fluoride. Ortho-coat is a fluoride releasing, light cure, hydrophilic resin that coats both the bracket and tooth surface preventing decalcification. The aim of this study was to investigate the barrier effect of Opalseal and Ortho-coat compared …
Increased Cutting Efficacy Of Diamond Burs With Biochemical Solution Spraying, Ramtin Sadid Zadeh
Increased Cutting Efficacy Of Diamond Burs With Biochemical Solution Spraying, Ramtin Sadid Zadeh
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CAD/CAM units are becoming increasingly popular for milling all ceramic restorations from ceramic blocks. The solution used to spray the diamond cutting instrument also improves cutting effectiveness and also lubricates the diamond, which may not only prolong the cutting life of the diamond instrument but also provide smoother cuts on the ceramic block. The purpose of this study is to evaluate cutting efficacy of diamond burs with three solutions and to compare roughness produced by each solution on the glass-ceramic block. Material and methods: 15 Empress CAD blocks, 30 fine diamond burs, two solutions and distilled water were used. Each …
Thesis- Clinical Evaluation Of Non-Carious Cervical Lesion- A Longitudinal Study., Shreya D. Shah
Thesis- Clinical Evaluation Of Non-Carious Cervical Lesion- A Longitudinal Study., Shreya D. Shah
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Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) are non-bacterial in origin and defined as the loss of tooth substance at the cemento-enamel junction (Mair, 1992). There is growing evidence that NCCLs may be associated with occlusal and lateral. OBJECTIVE: To develop a non invasive, highly reproducible technique to measure the occlusal forces (biting pressure) and to correlate it with lesion progression. MATERIALS & METHODS: Twenty-six subjects and 60 teeth were measured for biting force. Digital images and elastomeric impressions were made ateach of three visits (baseline restoration, one and two years). Casts were prepared and a fixture which aligned each patients cast in …
Effect Of Different Percentages Of Silica Nanofibers Filler Loads On Mechanical And Physical Properties Of Flowable Composite Resins, Shashikant Singhal
Effect Of Different Percentages Of Silica Nanofibers Filler Loads On Mechanical And Physical Properties Of Flowable Composite Resins, Shashikant Singhal
All ETDs from UAB
Dental composites are important in the spectra of restorative materials. Ability to match the color of natural dentition is an appealing characteristic of composite restorations. Additionally, they can be bonded physically to the tooth, which limits the amount of tooth preparation required and thereby conserves healthy tooth structure. In relation to other restorations like amalgams, non-metallic compositions of dental composites have exhibited good biocompatibility. The dental composites are composed of a resin matrix containing a blend of bis-GMA (bis-phenol A-glycidyldimethacrylate) or urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) along with TEGDMA (tetraethylglycidylmethacrylate). Novel techniques for the reinforcement of these resin-based composites continue in a …
Fracture Strength Of All-Ceramic Restorations After Fatigue Loading, Balasudha Baladhandayutham
Fracture Strength Of All-Ceramic Restorations After Fatigue Loading, Balasudha Baladhandayutham
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Fracture strength of monolithic and bilayered LAVA and e. max lower molar crowns after load cycling was measured and compared. The study included three groups (n = 8) from LAVA zirconia and three groups from e. max lithium disilicate to compare influences of different layers, thicknesses and manufacturing techniques. Prefabricated anatomically designed crowns were cemented to dies made from Z 100 composite resin using Rely X Luting Plus resin modified glass ionomer cement. Cemented crowns were stored at 37° C for 24 hours then cyclic loaded to test fatigue properties. The crowns were loaded to 200,000 cycles at 25N at …
Antimicrobial Effectiveness Of Silver-Releasing Elastomeric Ligature Ties, Matthew Christopher O'Dell
Antimicrobial Effectiveness Of Silver-Releasing Elastomeric Ligature Ties, Matthew Christopher O'Dell
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Introduction: Fixed appliances make satisfactory oral hygiene a greater challenge for the orthodontic patient. Improper oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment can cause enamel demineralization resulting in unesthetic white spot lesions. A new approach to providing protection against demineralization during treatment has been to incorporate antimicrobial agents into elastomeric ligature ties. A recent elastomeric ligature tie uses the antimicrobial characteristic of silver to help prevent formation of white spot lesions. The purpose of this in vitro study is to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of a silver-releasing elastomeric ligature tie (OrthoShield Safe-T-Tie) against Streptococcus mutans and compare its results with a selenium-containing …
Impact Of Site Development Techniques In The Soft Tissue Height On Single Implant Supported Prosthesis In The Anterior Maxilla, Juan Francisco Pardo
Impact Of Site Development Techniques In The Soft Tissue Height On Single Implant Supported Prosthesis In The Anterior Maxilla, Juan Francisco Pardo
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Implant placement should be based on a restoration-oriented treatment plan with correct three-dimensional positioning to allow optimal support and stability of surrounding hard and soft tissues. After tooth extraction the alveolus remodels producing changes in the soft tissues contours. This may translate into the inability to place the implant or in a non-esthetic restoration. In contemporary esthetic implant dentistry, the main objective is to maintain the socket dimensions and soft tissue contours to allow ideal implant placement and to provide a harmonious restoration. Objective: To evaluate if socket grafting with FDBA with or without PRP or rhPDGF in site …
Role Of Vdr In Host Immune Response To Porphyromonas Gingivalis Infection, Gulam Yezdani
Role Of Vdr In Host Immune Response To Porphyromonas Gingivalis Infection, Gulam Yezdani
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Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the etiologic factors of periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the destruction of periodontal connective tissue and the subsequent loss of alveolar bone. Epidemiological and genetic studies have indicated an association between periodontal disease and the vitamin D system. However, little is known regarding how vitamin D signaling regulates the inflammatory immune process of this disease. The purpose of the study was to understand the role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in regulating the host response to P. gingivalis infection by using a dual chamber mouse model. These chambers served both as …
Three Dimensional Comparison Of Facial Morphology Of A Native Egyptian Population And A Native Brazilian Population, Ethan Larson
Three Dimensional Comparison Of Facial Morphology Of A Native Egyptian Population And A Native Brazilian Population, Ethan Larson
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the use of three dimensional facial averages in determining facial morphological differences between a native adult Egyptian population and a native adult Brazilian population. Methods: Three- dimensional images were acquired through a commercially available stereo-photogrammetric camera system. The 3dMDfaceTM system was used to capture images from 186 subjects from two population groups (Egypt and Brazil). Each image was obtained as a facial mesh and orientated along a triangulated axis. All facial images were overlaid and superimposed, and a complex mathematical algorithm was performed to create a composite facial average of one …
Efficacy Of Sterisil In The Treatment Of Dental Unit Waterlines, Don Schmidtke
Efficacy Of Sterisil In The Treatment Of Dental Unit Waterlines, Don Schmidtke
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Introduction: Dental unit waterlines (DUWL) are an ideal home for bacterial microorganisms to grow, multiply, and develop complex living colonies commonly known as "biofilm." The American Dental Association (ADA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have recommendations to maintain DUWL heterotrophic plate count bacteria levels below 500 colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) of water. The aim of this study is to determine whether Sterisil PureTube is able to control the bacterial load in the orthodontic clinic to recommended levels. Methods: Waterline samples from the twelve dental chairs in the orthodontic clinic were used in this study. …
Diversity, Commonality, And Stability Of Mutans Streptococci In High Caries Risk Children, Kyounga Cheon
Diversity, Commonality, And Stability Of Mutans Streptococci In High Caries Risk Children, Kyounga Cheon
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Mutans streptococci (MS), Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are associated with the initiation of dental caries in humans. Initially, a single S. mutans genotype has been shown to colonize primary molars soon after eruption. More genotypes can be acquired with age and further dental development. Current methods used to genotype isolates from an individual have not systematically determined the minimum number required to demonstrate an individual's genetic diversity. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum number of oral isolates of MS (i.e., from plaque samples) to genotype in order to demonstrate diversity. This study also initiated a …
Genotyping Of Streptococcus Mutans Using Multilocus Sequence Typing, Stephanie Momeni
Genotyping Of Streptococcus Mutans Using Multilocus Sequence Typing, Stephanie Momeni
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ABSTRACT The role of Streptococcus mutans has been extensively studied using a variety of genotyping techniques. Repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) is an effective tool for screening large-scale epidemiological studies with high discriminatory power and reproducibility. For this study, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis is used to evaluate genotypes previously identified as unique using rep-PCR. Twenty-two unique S. mutans rep- PCR genotypes were selected from a longitudinal study. Four additional isolates were selected from each genotype group of the 6 most commonly occurring genotypes (n=30) for further analysis. Real-time PCR was performed using eight housekeeping S. mutans gene …
Friction Produced By Esthetic Brackets With Varying Ligation, Christine Knox Abenoja
Friction Produced By Esthetic Brackets With Varying Ligation, Christine Knox Abenoja
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Controlling friction is an important aspect of orthodontics because it allows more predictable tooth movement with less anchorage loss. Friction at the bracket/archwire/ligation interface can reduce the force available for desired tooth movement. Initial stages of orthodontic treatment depend on the ability of the archwire to slide freely through the bracket, making friction an important aspect of all orthodontic brackets in the early phases of orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to measure the force to move esthetic brackets over an archwire using different ligation methods. A stainless steel model reproducing the maxillary right dentition …
A Comparative Study Of Extraction Treatment Efficiency Using Conventional Edgewise Brackets And Self-Ligating Brackets, Stan C. Cox
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The purpose of the present study was to assess treatment efficiency of one selfligating bracket system (In-Ovation, GAC International, Bohemia, NY) compared to a conventional ligating bracket system (Ovation, GAC International, Bohemia, NY) in extraction cases used in the same practice. Treatment duration, number of appointments, and number of arch wires used per patient were compared within one private orthodontic practice. The total sample size was 155 patients, 83 consecutively finished with conventionally-ligated Ovation brackets and 72 consecutively finished with In-Ovation self-ligating brackets. After applying the exclusion criteria, there were 68 patients in the self-ligated (SL) group and 79 patients …
Variability Of Two Sampling Methods In Plaque Samples, Kuei C. Hsu
Variability Of Two Sampling Methods In Plaque Samples, Kuei C. Hsu
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Introduction: Dental caries remain the most common infectious disease in children, and is in fact, on the rise in the U.S. among 2 to 5 year olds. Among hundreds of oral bacteria, mutans streptococci (MS) are considered the major species associated with dental caries. Studies have shown that increased MS in saliva or plaque is an important indicator for caries. The use of standard plate count (SPC) from plaque samples particularly yield variable quantitative results because of complexities of sample collection and processing. Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine collection reproducibility in plaque samples from permanent first molars using …
Success Rates Of Temporary Anchorage Devices Placed In An Orthodontic Clinic, Alex C. Schreiber
Success Rates Of Temporary Anchorage Devices Placed In An Orthodontic Clinic, Alex C. Schreiber
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In recent years, the use of a variety of temporary placed implants to attain absolute anchorage has been described in the orthodontic literature. The use of temporary implants, fixed to bone, overcomes some of the limitations of traditional anchorage and their reliance on patient compliance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors relating to the successful placement of miniscrew temporary anchorage devices in an orthodontic clinic. The orthodontic records of patients who had miniscrews placed during their treatment at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry Postgraduate Orthodontic Clinic were selected. After application of the inclusion …
Potential Iatrogenic Effects On Enamel Treated With A Light Cured Flouride Releasing Filled Resin, Henry G. Griggs
Potential Iatrogenic Effects On Enamel Treated With A Light Cured Flouride Releasing Filled Resin, Henry G. Griggs
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White spot lesions have long been a problem in fixed appliance orthodontic treatment. Various methods of prevention have been used in the past, most requiring patient compliance. The use of non-compliant orthodontic sealants to form a barrier on the facial surface of the tooth has been attempted in the past with limited success due mainly to the inability of composite resins to fully polymerize. Pro Seal(Reliance Orthodontic Products, Inc, Itasca, IL) is new product which claims to fully polymerize and provide protection from white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment. In vitro studies support this claim. The side effects of acid …
Endodontic Sealers-Their Properties And Effects On Fiber Post Retention, Farrah Huthail Najib
Endodontic Sealers-Their Properties And Effects On Fiber Post Retention, Farrah Huthail Najib
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Zinc oxide eugenol sealers have been used clinically for several years. Glass ionomer sealers were introduced due to their adhesion to the dental hard tissues and excellent sealing ability. During the process of endodontic treatment a post, core and final restoration is required for tooth restoration. Recently fiber reinforced composite posts have become more popular because of their mechanical properties and esthetics. However, fiber posts have to be adhesively cemented into root canal which can be affected by the endodontics sealers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eugenol and non-eugenol containing sealers on the retention …