Dentistry Commons^™

The Accuracy Of Computer Video Imaging Prediction : Just Prior To Surgical Mandibular Advancement/Genioplasty Orthognathic Cases, Jason T. Chiakowsky

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The accuracy of the computer video imaging treatment prediction was investigated using Quick Ceph Image.™ Thirty one surgical mandibular advancement/genioplasty orthognathic cases were examined to determine if the soft tissue profile prediction was representative of the actual result. All patients were over the age of 18. Lateral cephalographs and slides were taken immediately pre-surgically, and six months post-surgically. The slides were duplicated into 4X6 photographs. The cephalographs were digitized and the photographs captured by video on the Quick Ceph Image software program. A line drawing and computer video image treatment prediction were generated using the actual surgical change that had …

Health Professions Division Academic Year 1996-1997, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Mandibular Asymmetry In Unilateral Class Ii Malocclusion : A Cephalometric Study, Raed Z. Moussa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study is to evaluate skeletal and dental asymmetry in unilateral class II malocclusion. A study group of 25 unilateral subdivision patients was compared to 25 class I malocclusion patients serving as the control group. Submento-vertical and frontal radiographs were used for the evaluation. Symmetry was evaluated by comparing measurements between right and left sides for both groups and matching the middle points with the midsagittal axis. Statistical paired and simple t-test were used to evaluate the difference between the two sides for both groups. The measurements showed no significant skeletal and dental asymmetries except for three …

Development Of Periapical Lesions In Immunosuppressed Rats, Phillip A. Waterman Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The pathogenesis of periapical lesions is the interaction of the oral flora with the existing host defenses. The role of bacteria has been established in endodontic disease but the contribution of the host defenses in periapical lesion formation is less clear. The purpose of this study was to compare periapical lesion development in immunosuppressed rats with that in normal rats. Thirty-five, eight-week old Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into seven groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given weekly injections of Cytoxan, an immunosuppressive agent. Groups 4, 5, and 6 received no immunosuppressive therapy. Group 7 served as a control, …

Soft Tissue Changes Of The Upper Lip Following Isolated Le Fort I Osteotomies, Kendall E. James

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Pre-operative (T-1) and post-operative (T-3) radiographs were obtained and traced for fifty-one non-growing patients who had undergone isolated Le Fort I osteotomies. These tracings were then digitized with the results arranged in a data file and subjected to statistical analysis. The purpose of this study was to establish ratios for certain hard to soft tissue movements that could be used to aid the clinician in post-surgical soft tissue profile prediction. The results showed that even though a large sample was used, individual patient variability remained high particularly in the horizontal directions. Most ratios found in this study were consistent with …

Condylar Angulations As Related To Submental-Vertex Radiographs, Jady L. Chiakowsky

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Pretreatment submental-vertex radiographs were obtained for 637 adolescent patients (307 males, 330 females) who had presented themselves for orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine the relationship between condylar angulations and depth of cut with the variables: age, sex, and race, and (2) establish normative values for the categories studied. The results indicated that no significant differences existed between the condylar angulations for the variables measured. However, significant differences did exist between the depth of cut for the variables measured and there was significant interaction between age and race with respect to the depth of cut. …

Preventative Oral Health Services Provided By Nurses' Aides To Nursing Home Residents, Deborah Lewis Hardy

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purposes of this investigation were to identify: 1) what preventive oral health services were provided by nurses' aides to nursing home residents, 2) how frequent preventive oral health services were performed by nurses' aides, 3) who nurses' aides reported abnormal or suspicious findings detected in the resident's mouth, 4) what factors discouraged and encouraged nurses' aides performance of oral health services, and 5) how nurses' aides rated their oral health knowledge of services they performed. The study population was comprised of a random sample of 40 percent of nursing home facilities in southeastern Virginia. A 14-item questionnaire was administered …

The Accuracy Of Sonographic Imaging (Dolphintm Digigraph) And Standard Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs : A Comparative Study, Michael D. Teichman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Radiation due to x-ray exposure is a concern, and the development of the Dolphin™ DigiGraph represents an attempt to limit this exposure. The purpose of this paper was to compare measurements (using Ricketts analysis) obtained from conventional radiographic cephalometric tracings with those obtained by computerized digitizing with the DigiGraph. Forty-six patients from the Loma Linda University School of Dentistry graduate orthodontic clinic were digitized, and the results were compared to the x-ray tracings of these patients. The results showed that seven of the twenty-one variables examined exhibited a statistical similarity between the two methods (DigiGraph and x-ray tracing). An examination …

The Use Of Corrected Occlusal X-Ray For Determination Of Ald : A Comparative Study, Merlin D. Ekvall

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this study arch length discrepancy or ALD was studied in 50 untreated patients. The measurements obtained from Hilgers' corrected occlusal x-ray using his Occlusal Paralleling Instrument or O.P.I, were compared with those derived by four conventional methods, - "Eye balling," digital caliper determination, conventional mandibular x-ray, and the Rocky Mountain Data Systems computer analysis (31 cases). When using the OPI, results give a higher negative ALD as it takes into consideration the space required to level a curve of Spee.

Measurements were made by the author and 3 faculty members using the above methods. Statistical analysis of the means …

The Concentration Of Prostaglandin E2 In Periradicular Lesions, Steve N. Mcnicholas

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Prostaglandins (PG) have been implicated in pathogenesis of periapical lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of PGE₂ in human periapical lesions. Periapical specimens from patients with clinical signs and symptoms of chronic and acute apical periodontitis were obtained and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Periradicular tissues from unerupted third molars were frozen and used as controls. The concentration of PGE₂ was determined by radioimmunoassay. Low levels of PGE₂ were found in the control tissues as compared to those detected in chronic and acute lesions. A significantly higher level of PGE₂ was …

Treatment Of Periodontal Furcation Defects, Michael Martin, Bernard Gantes

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Note: Three parts in one.]

I. Review of the Literature and Description of a Regeneration Surgical Technique

This report provides an abbreviated review of the literature on treatment and prognosis of periodontal furcation lesions. In addition, it describes a surgical technique designed to accomplish bone regeneration in class II furcation defects, together with the rationale for the development of this procedure. Results of treatment of 30 defects with this technique are presented in a subsequent report (Gantes et al. 1987).

II. Bone Regeneration in Mandibular Class II Defects

A total of 30 mandibular, buccal class II furcation defects were treated …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Oromandibular Limb Hypogenesis Syndrome (Olhs) : Type 1a Congenital Hypoglossia With Micrognathia, Edmond H. Henken

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An eighteen-year old female with Oromandibular Limb Hypogenesis Syndrome Type 1A was imaged with Magnetic Resonance in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes with the jaws closed. The intrinsic muscles of the tongue, genioglossus, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, medial and lateral pterygoid muscles were identified and compared with a control of the same age and sex. All the muscles in question were present. Combined with the intrinsic muscles of the tongue, the genioglossus were approximately one-half the size of the control in the sagittal plane. The geniohyoid of the OLHS subject was enlarged most probably due to the hyperactivity of the floor …

Pre-Orthodontic Radiography Of The Temporomandibular Joint, Stephen G. Tracey

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The dental profession has given increased attention to temporomandibular joint problems in recent years. Many orthodontists have shown professional concern by taking pretreatment lateral tomograms to assess developmental abnormalities, previous injury, pathology, and condylar position. The purpose of this study was to determine the consistency of orthodontists in evaluating lateral tomograms and panoramic films, particularly when used prior to treatment. Lateral tomograms and panoramic films of 60 single joints were evaluated by 4 orthodontists on two separate occasions. A questionnaire was completed for each radiograph observed and responses were compared for interobserver and intraobserver [aggreement]. Statistically, results showed little to …

Axial Morphology And Angulation Of The Condyle In Relation To Malocclusions In Different Age Groups, Gerald P. Tadej

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recent studies have shown that forces applied to the mandible during functional appliance and other orthodontic therapies produce measurable changes in the TMJ. It was postulated that specific malocclusions might also apply forces that could produce specific changes in the horizontal morphology of the TMJ. This study involved 104 pretreatment orthodontic patients, 44 males and 60 females. A submento-vertex analysis was performed and correlated with clinical findings including age, sex, malocclusion type, facial type, TMJ symptoms, tooth eruption sequence, crossbites and midline discrepancies. All possible correlations between the radiographic findings and the clinical malocclusions were tested with ANOVA. The width …

Quick Ceph™, A Computer Program For Cephalometric Analysis And Treatment Planning, Günther Blaseio

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The quantification of cephalometric radiographs is an integral part of orthodontic treatment planning. Numerous computer programs have been designed to digitize headfilms and to provide accurate graphic output and exact measurements. Yet these early systems were either huge, bulky and expensive or were limited in their practical use. The aim of this development was to combine modern computer and electronic equipment with advanced software engineering. The result is a universal cephalometric program written in the computer language "C" with presently seven standard and virtually limitless user definable analyses, growth forecasting, mouse-driven interactive VTO, arch length calculation, superimpositions, table of values …

Results Of A Head And Neck Examination: Evaluation Of A Tumor Of The Floor Of The Mouth, Caren M. Barnes, Kenneth W. Nelson, Gary H. Conover

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

This article reviews a solitary, well-defined tumor of the floor of the mouth. The tumor presented as a raised, elevated, sessile mass that was freely movable and soft to. the touch. The case illustrates the importance of performing a thorough head and neck examination, and formulating a differential diagnosis if any abnormality is detected. The clinical features, histopathology and responsibility of the dental hygienist in performing a thorough head and neck examination is reviewed.

Stability In Mechanical Expansion Of The Maxilla With Surgical/Mechanical Expansion Of The Mandible In An Adult Baboon, Robert D. Mitchell

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Expansion of the maxilla at the midpalatal suture has had much investigation and is a recognized option in orthodontic therapy. Lateral expansions of the mandible through surgical separation at the symphysis have been done in animal studies. A combination of these procedures has not yet been done together.

The purpose of this study was to expand both the maxilla and the mandible of a baboon simultaneously while maintaining occlusion. The amount of expansion and stability was studied using photographs, models, cephalograms, and tetracycline bone labels using U.V. microscopy.

A young adult baboon with full dentition and normal occlusion was used. …

Predictive Value Of Radiographic Analysis Of Menton, Hyoid Bone, And The Third Cervical Vertebra Angle, Kalfred G.S. Chun

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study is to determine if the hyoid bone could be used as a reliable and stable reference landmark. Previous researchers have used cranial landmarks to determine the hyoid bone position. The results of these studies have shown a large variability in hyoid position. To determine the hyoid bone position, an analysis called the hyoid triangle was used. The hyoid triangle is formed by joining the cephalometric points retrognathion (the most inferior posterior point on the mandibular symphysis), hyoidale (the most superior anterior point on the body of the hyoid bone), and C3 (the most anterior inferior …

A Comparison Of Enamel Detachments After Debonding Between Unitek's "Dynalok" Bracket And A Foil-Mesh Bracket: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study, Robert E. Meister

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The intent of this paper was to: 1. Evaluate the mode of adhesive failure when debonding both flexible and rigid base orthodontic brackets. 2. Evaluate the bracket bases for enamel detachments. 3. Measure the enamel detachments.

After preforming shear test on flexible and rigid base orthodontic brackets mounted to extracted human teeth it was determined that failure occurred at the enamel/adhesive interface 30% of the time, at the bracket/adhesive interface 10% of the time and a combination of these 60% of the time for both groups.

Five brackets from each group were evaluated for enamel detachments using energy dispersive x-ray …

Temporomandibular Joint Relations Of Bone And Lateral Pterygoid Muscle : A Computerized Tomography Study, Duane K. Yamashiro

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study utilized the imaging technique of computerized tomography (CT). Scans taken with a GE CT/N 8800 scanner of an adult cadaver and a 12-patient group were obtained through the Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, TMJ Department, and Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Neuroradiology.

The lateral scout image and a lateral cephalogram of the cadaver were compared using six angular measurements for facial type from Ricketts' Cephalometric Analysis. The six measurements, Maxillary Depth, Facial Depth, Mandibular Arc, Mandibular Plane, Lower Face Height and Facial Axis, were found to be similar. This allowed the investigator to rely exclusively …

Third Molar Eruption Prediction, Michael L. Jacobsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The diagnosis and treatment of third molars has often been cited as a special problem to the orthodontist. If the prognosis of third molars could be determined, orthodontic treatment could progress on a more positive basis.

This study was designed to provide a method of deciding whether developing third molars will erupt or become impacted.

Records from 130 orthodontically treated cases of Dr. Fredsall⁸ were studied. Several factors were evaluated and measured using the patients' cephalometric radiographs.

The actual fate of the third molars were recorded in the hope it could be used to predict what to expect from …

Mandibular Repositioning With Frankel Appliance Therapy, Clark E. Schneekluth

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A sample of twelve Frankel appliance (FR-2) treated patients, in the mixed dentition stage, were selectively chosen by an orthodontist based on the Class II correction and evaluated from before treatment and end of treatment laminagraphic and lateral cephalometric radiographs. The average treatment period was 22 months (1 yr. 10 mos.). The average pre-treatment age was 9.5 years with a range from 8 to 11 years old, while the average post-treatment age was 11.3 years with a range of 10 to 13 years.

Frankel appliance therapy was the only form of mechanics used in this study.

The before treatment lateral …

Observation Of Bone Formation In The Mandibular Symphysis Following Surgical Separation And Slow Mechanical Expansion In A Baboon, Robert J. Homer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Mechanical expansion of the maxilla, at the midline suture, is a widely accepted orthodontic procedure used to gain arch width in certain types of maxillary deficient arches.

In animal research on the mandible, techniques using surgical separation at the symphysis with immediate expansion up to 12 mm, fixation with a metal splint, and autogenous bone transplanted into the expanded area, have been reported to be successful.

To date, no experiment utilizing slow mechanical expansion of the mandible at the symphysis has been reported.

In this pilot study, the mandible of a female baboon was surgically separated A-P at the symphysis. …

A Correlation Study Of Facial Soft Tissue Proportions (Golden Sections) And Cephalometric Measurements Of Golden Sections And The Eleven Factor Analysis, Russell Andrew Sutliff

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Frontal photographs on a total of one hundred and three individuals who had been treated by Dr. Ricketts, and had been involved in a prior study at Rocky Mountain Data Systems, were evaluated for facial proportions according to Ricketts application of Pythagoras' golden section. Seven facial proportions were analyzed from 1:1 retention phase frontal photographs. Forty individuals, made up of twenty-two females and eighteen males, 12.2 to 21.0 years of age, were selected and divided into two groups of twenty each, according to their soft tissue facial proportions. A range of acceptability for the facial proportions was derived. Proportions within …

Cineradiography Of The Temporomandibular Joint : A Research Entity And Diagnostic Modality, L. Albert Lewis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Readily accessible equipment as utilized for cineangiography has been demonstrated to be useful in producing dynamic studies of the temporomandibular joint.

The reproducible studies have been obtained without adaptation of equipment. Methods used in this project were based on principles which have been advocated for the past thirty years for static radiographs of the temporomandibular joints.

Studies were made of a variety of subjects varying in size and joint integrity. Diagnostic views were obtained on all subjects showing normal osseous joint structures and typical joint function via the use of motion picture records. Changes in osseous joint structures were readily …

The Effect Of Escherichia Coli Endotoxin On The Cat Periapical Tissues, Thomas G. Dwyer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The periapical tissue reaction to three concentrations of endotoxin solutions and to a sterile saline control solution was examined in six adult cats. The maxillary and mandibular cuspids were isolated and the pulps extirpated with barbed broaches. The four solutions (1, 10, 100 μg/ml endotoxin, and saline) were then injected into the four prepared teeth for each cat and the access cavities sealed with IRM.

At two week intervals, two cats were sacrificed and the specimens removed, while the remaining animals were retreated as previously described. The block tissue sections were radiographed, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and prepared for …

Treatment Of Persistent Open-Bite Malocclusions With Interarch Elastic Fixation, Kent L. Phillips

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the facial complex after treatment of persistent anterior open-bites with Dr. R. M. Ricketts' "squeeze treatment." This treatment method requires heavy elastic fixation for one month in conjunction with placement of T-loop arches.

Twelve open-bite patients were selected for the study. Quantative[sic] measurements from lateral cephalometric and laminagraphs of the temporomandibular joint were also evaluated. Qualitative observations were obtained from the periapical radiographs, models, and photos.

Tooth extrusion occurred in varying amounts followed by alveolar crest and apical repair.

Statistical significance was shown in the correction of incisor overbite, …

A Comparative Analysis Of Intrusion Of Incisor Teeth Achieved In Adults And Children According To Facial Type, Ronald L. Otto

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A comparison of incisor intrusion achieved in deep bite adults and children was made. Facial type was also examined for affect upon intrusion achieved. Fifty-five cases treated with Bioprogressive mechanics were studied cephalometrically, including twenty-four adults and thirty-one children. Neither age nor facial type was found to be statistically related to the amount of incisor intrusion achieved in this sample. A method of measuring intrusion at the root apices was devised which was felt to give a more accurate indication of actual bodily intrusion. More external root changes during treatment were observed for adults than for growing children. Wide latitude …

A Study Of Treatment And Cephalometric Variables In Relation To Facial Axis Change During Treatment In A Dolichofacial Sample, Laurence A. Seifert

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The change in the facial axis in a sample of fifth-three dolichofacial patients, was compared with a number of pretreatment cephalometric variables. A number of treatment variables were also compared with the amount of facial axis change that occurred during orthodontic treatment.

The cephalometric variables measured were:

1. Facial axis
2. Upper face height (maxillary height)
3. Lower face height
4. Posterior face height
5. Mandibular arc
6. Palatal-mandibular plane
7. Palatal-occlusal plane
8. Occlusal-mandibular plane
9. Overbite
10. Upper first molar to palatal plane
11. Lower first molar to mandibular plane
12. Lower incisor to mandibular plane
13. Incisal edge of lower incisor to mandibular plane
14. Xi point to occlusal plane

Treatment …

The Effect Of Endodontic Therapy On The Incidence Of Radiation Caries In Dogs, James A. Abbott

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Endodontic therapy was evaluated as a possible control or prevention modality of radiation type dental caries in dogs. Two adult male dogs with permanent dentitions had endodontic therapy performed on alternating teeth in each jaw. The nontreated teeth served as controls.

The dogs were irradiated with 7000 rad Cobalt-60 radiation fractionated over an eight week period. The dogs were killed at 60 and 182 days post-irradiation. The teeth were removed from the jaws and immersed in methylene blue dye, sectioned, and the dye penetration pattern photographed. Diffusion of the dye into the tooth structure was quantified and statistically analyzed.

A …