Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

How Many Babies With Hearing Loss Will Be Missed By Repeated Newborn Hearing Screening With Otoacoustic Emissions Due To Statistical Artifact?, Karl R. White, Lauri H. Nelson, Karen F. Munoz

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Objective: People who manage newborn hearing screening programs are often told that repeating OAE hearing screening more than two or three times per ear unacceptably increases the probability of false-negatives (i.e., passing babies who have permanent hearing loss). This study evaluated the accuracy of that recommendation.

Design: A 2.0 cc coupler and three human ears with hearing loss were used to estimate the number of false-negative results per 1,000 OAE screening tests. Using those results, together with the prevalence of hearing loss among newborns, we calculated the number of babies that would be missed due to repeated testing.

Results: If …

Home Visiting Programs For Families Of Children Who Are Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing: A Systematic Review, Nannette Nicholson, Patti Martin, Abby Smith, Sheila Thomas, Ahmad A. Alanazi M.Aud.

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Prelingual hearing loss greatly restricts a child’s language development, hindering his or her behavioral, cognitive and social functioning. Although technology such as hearing aids and cochlear implants are an option for providing access to sound, they fail to teach the child how to listen or attend, how to process language (whether visual or spoken), or how to produce language and communicate. Home visiting is widely recognized as a cost-effective intervention service delivery model. Home visiting programs for promoting language development in children who are diagnosed as deaf or hard of hearing have been in existence for over 50 years, yet …

Prevalence And Trends Of Childhood Hearing Loss Based On Federally-Funded National Surveys: 1994–2013, Tyson S. Barrett, Karl R. White

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

A recent highly cited publication, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), concluded that the prevalence of childhood hearing loss in the United States is increasing (Shargorodsky, Curan, Curhan, & Eavey, 2010). This article examines the accuracy of that conclusion based on additional data from three nationally-representative surveys of childhood health. Using data from NHANES, the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), logistic regression was used to assess trends from audiometry-measured and parent-reported childhood hearing loss.

In contrast to prior research, the results were highly conflicting. NHANES suggested both …

A Comprehensive Review Of The 2016 Asha Code Of Ethics, Robin L. Edge Ph.D., Ccc-Slp, Bess Sirmon-Taylor Ph.D., Ccc-Slp, Raul F. Prezas Ph.D., Ccc-Slp

Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) initially implemented a Code of Ethics in 1952, and has periodically revisited the content of the document with revisions to reflect the expanding scope of practice within speech-language pathology and audiology and to clarify certain concepts. Code revision is a cyclical mandated task of the ASHA Board of Ethics conducted to assure accuracy, currency, and completeness of this most important document (Solomon-Rice & O’Rourke, 2016). The current version of the Code of Ethics (2016) was modified from the previous version (2010r), with an updated preamble, definitions of related vocabulary, and re-organized language in the principles. …

October 26, 2016, Communication Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

No abstract provided.

October 5, 2016, Communications Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Bilingualism On Language Development Of Children, Kelly Wallner

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

This essay examines the effects of bilingualism on the language development of children by analyzing the development of literacy skills in children learning a second language, and the models and benefits of bilingualism. This essay also observes factors influencing variability in second language acquisition among children.

A Comparison Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation And Acupuncture To Traditional Dysphagia Therapy In Stroke Patients, Rachel A. Hale, Dr. Ann E. Perreau

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

A comparison of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and acupuncture to traditional dysphagia therapy in reducing dysphagia in individuals who suffered a stroke.

The Clinical Relevance Of Smartphone Applications In Medicine And Audiology, Elizabeth Fetscher

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

The Neural Mechanisms Of Tinnitus And Tinnitus Distress, Alexandra Watts

Communication Sciences and Disorders: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Ua61/3 Research Focus (Fall 2016), Jean Neils-Strunjas, Susan Megahee, Editor, Creative, Christie Jewell, Student Editor, Wku Communication Sciences & Disorders

Communication Sciences & Disorders Publications

Contents":

Little Topper Time Program

Bingocize® Overview.

Students Present at National ASHA Convention

Meet Dr. Brain Weiler, New CSD Assistant Professor

Dissertation/Research

Publications/Presentations

Student/Alumni Spotlights

Parallel Reference Speaker Weighting For Kinematic-Independent Acoustic-To-Articulatory Inversion, An Ji, Michael T. Johnson, Jeffrey J. Berry

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Acoustic-to-articulatory inversion, the estimation of articulatory kinematics from an acoustic waveform, is a challenging but important problem. Accurate estimation of articulatory movements has the potential for significant impact on our understanding of speech production, on our capacity to assess and treat pathologies in a clinical setting, and on speech technologies such as computer aided pronunciation assessment and audio-video synthesis. However, because of the complex and speaker-specific relationship between articulation and acoustics, existing approaches for inversion do not generalize well across speakers. As acquiring speaker-specific kinematic data for training is not feasible in many practical applications, this remains an important and …

Interprofessional Collaboration: Aac, Michelle Bird, Anna Kusior

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A New Articulation Test Applied To A Selected Group Of Children Living In The State Of New Mexico, Robert Edwin Burkhalter

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Bilingualism is much more prevalent in the United States than is commonly believed. Goodykoontz points out that "one child in every five, aged fourteen years or under, is of foreign born or mixed parentage." Since our country is still a melting pot of the world where large numbers of citizens converse in other tongues and where many children still enter our schools without speaking a word of English, the problem of bilingualism and foreign dialect will frequently be encountered by the school teacher.

Relative Clause Sentence Comprehension By Japanese-Speaking Children With Specific Language Impairment And Children With Typical Language Development, Miho Sasaki

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Comprehension of sentences with relative clauses was examined in Japanese-speaking children with SLI and children with TLD. The children with SLI showed comparable comprehension with the TLD peers, when the language and memory tests’ scores were controlled. The children with TLD consistently had difficulties in OR sentences than SR sentences, in spite of that Japanese relative clauses are different from English ones. The children with SLI showed the opposite pattern. Working memory rather than language knowledge predicted better the comprehension performance for all the children.

Perception And Production Of /V/ And /W/ In Hindi Speakers, Vikas Grover

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the ability of Hindi speakers to identify, discriminate and produce two English phonemes /v/ and /w/ which are difficult for Hindi speakers to distinguish. In Hindi, /v/ and /w/ are used interchangeably. This pattern of use has transferred to Indian English, resulting in English /v/ and /w/ words showing variable pronunciations (e.g., “whale” or “vale” for the word “whale”). Hindi speakers were asked to identify, discriminate and produce tokens of /v/ and /w/. This study also examined whether experience with American English, related to the length of residence (LOR) in the US affects Hindi listeners’ perception and …

Cultural Adaptation Of The Test Of Narrative Language (Tnl) Into Brazilian Portuguese, Natalia Freitas Rossi, Tâmara De Andrade Lindau, Ronald B. Gillam, Célia Maria Giacheti

Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education Faculty Publications

Purpose: To accomplish the translation and cultural adaptation of the Test of Narrative Language (TNL) into Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods: The TNL is a formal instrument which assesses narrative comprehension and oral narration of children between the ages of 5-0 and 11-11 (years-months). The TNL translation and adaptation process had the following steps: (1) translation into the target language; (2) summary of the translated versions; (3) back-translation; (4) checking of the conceptual, semantics and cultural equivalence process and (5) pilot study (56 children within the test age range and from both genders).

Results: The adapted version maintained the same structure as …

Discriminability And Perceptual Saliency Of Temporal And Spectral Cues For Final Fricative Consonant Voicing In Simulated Cochlear-Implant And Bimodal Hearing, Ying-Yee Kong, Matthew B. Winn, Katja Poelmann, Gail S. Donaldson

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Publications

Multiple redundant acoustic cues can contribute to the perception of a single phonemic contrast. This study investigated the effect of spectral degradation on the discriminability and perceptual saliency of acoustic cues for identification of word-final fricative voicing in “loss” versus “laws”, and possible changes that occurred when low-frequency acoustic cues were restored. Three acoustic cues that contribute to the word-final /s/-/z/ contrast (first formant frequency [F1] offset, vowel–consonant duration ratio, and consonant voicing duration) were systematically varied in synthesized words. A discrimination task measured listeners’ ability to discriminate differences among stimuli within a single cue dimension. A categorization task examined …

Neural Control Of Tongue Movements Across Effort Levels, Megan Rovang, Angela M. Dietsch

UCARE: Research Products

Background

A hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a mismatch between the perceived effort and actual forces exerted during functional activities such as speech. Current evidence supports therapy to help reset this perception of effort, but the neurological underpinnings of such treatments are unclear. This study examined brain activity during tongue movements performed at varying levels of effort to determine (1) which brain areas are involved in each task, and (2) which areas, if any, scale in activation according to effort level. These results, considered with the neurological changes associated with PD, can be used to develop and refine treatment …

Interprofessional Collaboration And Traumatic Brain Injury, Elizabeth Rizzi, Melissa Tapia

Graduate Independent Studies - Communication Sciences and Disorders

Within the scope of practice of speech-language pathology, the goal of intervention for patients with TBI is to achieve the highest level of independent function possible to facilitate participation in daily living. Treatment is always individualized for individuals with TBI based on the specific characteristics present. It is best to provide treatment in the language(s) used by the individual as well as incorporate and consider the cultural values and norms of the individual. There are several treatment options available for patients with TBI, which include identifying the best service delivery model appropriate for their lifestyle (ASHA, 2016).

Outcomes Of Speech And Language Pilot Program For International Students, Kelly Fussman

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Universities in the United States host a substantial number of international students every academic year. As of the 2015-2016 academic year, Western Kentucky University, located in south-central Kentucky, alone hosts over 1,400 international students. These students often face a number of challenges upon arrival in the United States, especially when it comes to language and cultural differences. A considerable body of research indicates that international students’ educational performance and outcomes are significantly impacted by their cultural identities, psychological and sociocultural experiences, and attitudes in relation to English-speaking societies. Many international students attribute academic and social difficulties to a lack of …

Hydration And Vocal Loading On Voice Measures, Anusha Sundarrajan

Open Access Dissertations

Vocal loading adversely affects the healthy larynx. The negative effects of vocal loading are thought to be exacerbated in dry environments, noisy environments, using non-habitual speaking patterns, and voice quality. Advancing age is also thought to be a risk factor for the negative effects of loading. To systematically tease out the effects of these factors on the healthy larynx, three different experiments were conducted. In each experiment, healthy participants produced 45-minutes of child-directed speech. In experiment 1, older, healthy adults produced loud child-directed speech, in the presence of background noise, in both low and moderate humidities, and voice was assessed. …

Effect Of Taste Stimuli On Swallowing Function In Persons With Traumatic Injuries, Megan Asselin, Angela M. Dietsch

UCARE: Research Products

Background

Swallowing disorders are prevalent and costly. As of now, there are limited therapeutic options available to treat them. Extant research in limited populations has suggested that swallowing mechanics can be improved by extremely sour liquids, but this has not been tested in traumatically injured populations. However, sour tastants are unpleasant, and more palatable taste mixtures have not been tested.

Methods

The quantitative data were extracted from an existing pool of de-identified video fluoroscopic swallowing studies (moving radiographs) obtained from traumatically injured young adults under another research protocol. Each participant completed swallows of custom-mixed plain, sour, and sweet-sour boluses. Positions …

Semantic Knowledge Use In Discourse Produced By Individuals With Anomic Aphasia, Stephen Kintz, Heather Harris Wright, Gerasimos Fergadiotis

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background---Researchers have demonstrated that people with aphasia (PWA) have preserved semantic knowledge (Dell et al., 1997; Jefferies & Lambon Ralph, 2006). However, Antonucci (2014) demonstrated that some PWA have impaired access to certain types of knowledge more than others. Yet, all these studies used single concepts. It has not been demonstrated whether PWA have difficulty accessing certain types of features within a discourse sample.

Aims—The main goals of this study were to determine if semantic knowledge and two category types were used differently within discourse produced by participants with anomic aphasia and healthy controls.

Method & Procedures—Participants …

A History Of The Audiology Program At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln: 1920 To 2015, T. Newell Decker

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Programs for the hearing impaired have been in existence at the University of Nebraska for many years. However, there is no comprehensive history of these efforts. This work is an attempt to provide a complete picture of these programs and to detail the history and growth of the Audiology Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. When the author came to the University in 1977 audiology was already well established at the University as well as in the State. After joining the faculty, the author served in the capacity of Coordinator of the Audiology and Hearing Science Program from 1977 until …

Genome-Wide Significant Loci For Addiction And Anxiety, Karen Hodgson, Laura Almasy, Emma E. M. Knowles, Jack W. Kent Jr., Joanne E. Curran, Thomas D. Dyer, Harald H. H. Goring, Rene L. Olvera, Peter T. Fox, Godfrey D. Pearlson, J. H. Krystal, Ravindranath Duggirala, John Blangero, David C. Glahn

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Psychiatric comorbidity is common among individuals with addictive disorders, with patients frequently suffering from anxiety disorders. While the genetic architecture of comorbid addictive and anxiety disorders remains unclear, elucidating the genes involved could provide important insights into the underlying etiology.

Methods

Here we examine a sample of 1284 Mexican-Americans from randomly selected extended pedigrees. Variance decomposition methods were used to examine the role of genetics in addiction phenotypes (lifetime history of alcohol dependence, drug dependence or chronic smoking) and various forms of clinically relevant anxiety. Genome-wide univariate and bivariate linkage scans were conducted to localize the chromosomal regions influencing …

Assessing Spanish-Speaking Children: A Comparison Of International Practices, Alexis Decker

Honors Projects

According to The National Center for Educational Statistics, 7.7% of all public K-12 students in the United States (US) speak Spanish in the home, representing 76.5% of all English- language learner (ELL) students (2013). Children exposed to two languages are referred to in the literature as ELLs, language minorities and/or bilingual children. As these children enter school, language disorders and differences may become apparent to the Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP). It is the responsibility of the SLP to determine whether a disorder exists or if what is being observed is simply an issue of language difference. As such, it is important …

Feeding/Swallowing Disorders: Maintaining Quality Of Life In Persons With Intellectual Disability, Luis Riquelme, Rebecca Benjamin, Hannah Tahhan, Gracelynn Sandoval, Naga Alomari, Alexandra Soyfer

NYMC Faculty Publications

Persons with intellectual disability (ID) have received little attention in systematic studies of healthcare and quality of life. Less attention has been provided to specific disorders, such as those impacting the swallowing mechanism. In comparison to the general population, persons with ID experience noticeably greater healthcare inequalities and despite greater life expectancy, it is still lower than the general population. This paper serves as an introduction to healthcare colleagues regarding the risks involved in choking and swallowing disorders in persons with ID, how to evaluate these potential risks and possible treatments. Associated etiologies are presented. A discussion on feeding disorders …

Opening And Closing Jaw Movements Of Young Children Who Stutter., Victoria Tumanova, Anthony P. Buhr, Patricia Zevrowski, Jerald Moon, Richard Arenas, Torrey Loucks

Communication Sciences and Disorders - All Scholarship

Objective: In this longitudinal study, we investigated the hypothesis that kinematic measures of jaw movement produced by children who stuttered (CWS) and children who did not stutter (CWNS) would differ between opening and closing speech gestures, across phonetic contexts, and across development.

Methods: Mean amplitude, velocity, and duration of jaw opening and closing gestures during repeated productions of bilabial syllables were analyzed longitudinally at 1-year intervals for 13 CWS and 7 children CWNS. The utterances ranged across four phonetic contexts: single-syllable, two-syllable, three-syllable, and six-syllable. For jaw movement transduction, a strain gauge was attached to a football helmet in a …

Analyzing Spelling Errors By Linguistic Features Among Children With Learning Disabilities, Christine Johnson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In order to spell fluently and accurately, phonology, orthography, and morphology must be integrated and stored into long term memory (Berninger & Richards, in press; Berninger, Nagy, Tanimoto, Thompson, Abbott, 2015). Children with dysgraphia, dyslexia, and OWL-LD have specific deficits in linguistic processing that impede the cross-mapping of these linguistic elements. This study analyzes the frequency and nature of spelling errors produced by children with dysgraphia, dyslexia, and OWL-LD during an academic writing task in order to determine if known deficits in linguistic processing affect the type and severity of spelling errors made by these children.

The present study analyzed …