Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

Effects Of Aging And Spectral Shaping On The Sub-Cortical (Brainstem) Differentiation Of Contrastive Stop Consonants, Dania A. Rishiq

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Purpose: The objectives of this dissertation are to: (1) evaluate the influence of aging on the sub-cortical (brainstem) differentiation of voiced stop consonants (i.e. /b-d-g/); (2) determine whether potential aging deficits at the brainstem level influence behavioral identification of the /b-d-g/ stimuli, (3) investigate whether spectral shaping diminishes any aging impairments at the brainstem level; and (4) if so, whether minimizing these deficits improves the behavioral identification of the speech stimuli.

Subjects: Behavioral and electrophysiological responses were collected from 11 older adults (> 50 years old) with near-normal to normal hearing and were compared to those of 16 normal-hearing younger …

Two-Legged Hopping In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Matthew F. Moran, John T. Foley, Mary E. Parker, Michael J. Weiss

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Sensory processing deficits are common within autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Deficits have a heterogeneous dispersion across the spectrum and multimodal processing tasks are thought to magnify integration difficulties. Two-legged hopping in place in sync with an auditory cue (2.3, 3.0 Hz) was studied in a group of six individuals with expressive language impaired ASD (ELI-ASD) and an age-matched control group. Vertical ground reaction force data were collected and discrete Fourier transforms were utilized to determine dominant hopping cadence. Effective leg stiffness was computed through a mass-spring model representation. The ELI-ASD group were unsuccessful in matching their hopping cadence (2.21 ± …

Speech-Language Pathoogists' Practices & Perspectives Pertaining To Animal-Assisted Therapy, Jessica S. Popp

Theses & Honors Papers

Purpose: The precise beneficial role of animals to serve as facilitators or incentives for human communication has received limited attention to date in the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD). This study addresses the need within the field of communication sciences and disorders for qualitative research that focuses on the use of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) by speech-language pathologists . The researcher aimed to answer the following research question: What are speech-language pathologists' practices and perspectives pertaining to animal-assisted therapy? The researcher hypothesizes that the data from this survey research study will indicate patterns worth further analysis through single subject …

Intervention With Children With Autism: The Effect Of Using A Robot On Participation In Reciprocal Play, Shereen Ririe

Theses and Dissertations

The current study was part of a larger work investigating the effects of intervention incorporating a robot on the social engagement behaviors of children with autism. The larger study implemented a single-subject, multiple-baseline research design in which four children with autism participated in baseline sessions, traditional intervention, intervention including a robot, and follow-up sessions. The current study focused on the participant's responses to directives from the clinician and the parent during collaborative activities that included the robot. Children's responses were analyzed to determine if they responded to directives without assistance, responded with hand-over-hand assistance, or did not comply. Sessions were …

Effects Of Syntactic Complexity On Speech Motor Performance, Kelsey Lewis Boyce

Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated the possible influence of linguistic demands on speech motor control by measuring articulatory movement stability during conditions of increasing grammatical complexity. There were 60 participants in three age groups: 20-30 years, 40-50 years, and 60-70 years, with equal numbers of men and women in each group. These speakers produced 10 repetitions of five different sentence or phrase conditions. These five conditions included two baseline measurements and three sentences of varying complexity. Each complexity condition had an MLU count of 23, word length of 17, syllable length of 25, and contained the phrase open boxes of pompoms. …

Test-Retest Reliability Of Speech Recognition Threshold Material In Individuals With A Wide Range Of Hearing Abilities, Karin Leola Caswell

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate an updated list of digitally recorded Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT) materials for test-retest reliability. Chipman (2003) identified 33 psychometrically equated spondaic words that are frequently occurring in English today. These digitally recorded words were used to determine the SRT of 40 participants using the American Speech-Language Hearing Association guidelines. The participants were between the ages of 19 and 83 years and presented with hearing impairment ranging from normal to severe. The individual's pure-tone averages classified 16 participants with normal hearing to slight loss, 12 participants with mild loss, and 12 participants with …

Test-Retest Reliability In Word Recognition Testing In Subjects With Varying Levels Of Hearing Loss, Meghan Elizabeth Grange

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of digitally recorded word recognition materials. Word recognition testing is included in a complete audiological evaluation to measure an individual's ability to discriminate what they hear. A phonetically balanced list of 50 monosyllabic words was presented to each participant at four different sensation levels (SL) using the American Speech Language Hearing Association recommended protocol for word recognition score testing. Each participant took a 10 minute break before the test was readministered. Participants included 40 subjects with varying levels of hearing loss, from normal hearing to severe hearing loss. The …

The Effect Of A Robot On Children With Severe Autism During A Song Activity, Michelle Nelson

Theses and Dissertations

This study is a small portion of a larger work examining the effects of low dosage robot use in interactive and social engagement therapy for children with autism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the participation of the subjects during song activities. Four children were used as participants, each receiving a total of 20 play-based treatment sessions targeting engagement and social interaction. The clinician incorporated the robot into these treatment sessions for 10 minute long segments within a 50 minute session. The current study analyzed these 10 minute segments with the robot, coding turn-taking behaviors. Results indicated that, …

Enhanced Maternal Origin Of The 22q11.2 Deletion In Velocardiofacial And Digeorge Syndromes, Maria Delio, Tingwei Guo, Donna Mcdonald-Mcginn, Elaine Zackai, Sean Herman, Mark Kaminetzky, Anne Marie Higgins, Karlene Coleman, Carolyn Chow, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Carrie E. Bearden, Alice Bailey, Anders Vangkilde, Line Olsen, Charlotte Olesen, Flemming Skovby, Thomas M. Werge, Ludivine Templin, Tiffany Busa, Nicole Philip, Ann Swillen, Joris R. Vermeesch, Koen Devriendt, Maude Schneider, Sophie Dahoun, Stephen Eliez, Kelly Schoch, Stephen R. Hooper, Vandana Shashi, Joy Samanich, Robert Marion, Therese Van Amelsvoort, Erik Boot, Petra Klaassen, Sasja N. Duijiff, Jacob Vorstman, Tracy Yuen, Candice Silversides, Eva Chow, Anne S. Bassett, Amos Frisch, Abraham Weizman, Doron Gothelf, Maria Niarchou, Marianne Van Den Bree, Michael J. Owen, Damian Heine Suñer, Jordi Rosell Andreo, Marco Armando, Stefano Vicari, Maria Christina Digilio, Adam Auton, Wendy R. Kates, Tao Wang, Robert J. Shprintzen, Beverly Emanuel, Bernice Morrow

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Velocardiofacial and DiGeorge syndromes, also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), are congenital-anomaly disorders caused by a de novo hemizygous 22q11.2 deletion mediated by meiotic nonallelic homologous recombination events between low-copy repeats, also known as segmental duplications. Although previous studies exist, each was of small size, and it remains to be determined whether there are parent-of-origin biases for the de novo 22q11.2 deletion. To address this question, we genotyped a total of 389 DNA samples from 22q11DS-affected families. A total of 219 (56%) individuals with 22q11DS had maternal origin and 170 (44%) had paternal origin of the de novo deletion, …

Chhs March 2013 E-Newsletter, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Wku College Of Health & Human Services

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

March 27 & April 3, 2013, Communication Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

Meeting minutes of the March 27 & April 3, 2013 Faculty Committee meeting.

February 27, 2013, Communication Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

Meeting minutes of the February 6, 2013 Faculty Committee meeting.

Hearing Loss In The Dental Office: The Effects Of High Speed Dental Drills On Dentists' Hearing, Krisztina Johnson, Jacek Smurzynski, Saravanan Elangovan, Marc Fagelson

ETSU Faculty Works

Hearing test results of 23 dentists obtained before and after working hours are compared to determine if dentists experience any temporary hearing loss. The aim of the project is to determine whether dental drills cause hearing loss and to document the consequences of the loss. Hearing evaluations include pure-tone audiometry, middle-ear testing, and measurements of otoacoustic emissions. The results are expected to convince dentists of the danger of noise exposure and the need for hearing protection

Training Verb Argument Structure Production In Agrammatic Aphasia: Behavioral And Neural Recovery Patterns, Cynthia K. Thompson, Ellyn A. Riley, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Aya Meltzer-Asscher, Sladjana Lukic

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction

Automated Identification Of Adverbial Clauses In Child Language Samples, Brittany Cheree Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Adverbial clauses are grammatical constructions that are of relevance in both typical language development and impaired language development. In recent years, computer software has been used to assist in the automated analysis of clinical language samples. This software has attempted to accurately identify adverbial clauses with limited success. The present study investigated the accuracy of software for the automated identification of adverbial clauses. Two separate collections of language samples were used. One collection included 10 children with language impairment, with ages ranging from 7;6 to 11;1 (years;months), 10 age-matched peers,and 10 language-matched peers. A second collection contained 30 children ranging …

February 6, 2013, Communication Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

Meeting minutes of the February 6, 2013 Faculty Committee meeting.

Pragmatic Skill Differences In Second Born Children And Those Without Siblings, Crystal Toombs

Student Theses and Dissertations

This study compared the pragmatic skills possessed by second born children to those of children without siblings. Participants for this investigation were 56 fourth-grade children. Participants were identified through questionnaires distributed through area public schools. Based on the information obtained from the parent completed questionnaires, participants were assigned to one of two groups, depending on the presence of siblings. The classroom teachers of each participant then completed a Pragmatic Language Skills Inventory (PLSI), an instrument used to rate pragmatic skills exhibited by children, as they compared to other children of the same age and gender. The data obtained from the …

January 9, 2013, Communication Disorders & Sciences

Faculty Meeting Minutes & Agendas

Meeting minutes of the January 9, 2013 Faculty Committee meeting.

Modeling Hrtf For Sound Localization In Normal Listeners And Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users, Douglas A. Miller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mathematical models can be very useful for understanding complicated systems and for testing algorithms through simulation that would be difficult or expensive to implement. This dissertation presents a model that attempts to simulate the sound localization performance of persons using bilateral cochlear implants. The expectation is that this model could prove to be a useful tool in developing new signal processing algorithms for neural encoding strategies.

The head related transfer function (HRTF) is a critical component of this model, and in the ideal case, provides the base characteristics of head shadow, torso and pinna effects. This defines the temporal, intensity …

Time-Frequency Analysis Of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions In Children Exposed To Carboplatin Chemotherapy, Shaum Bhagat, Johnnie Bass, Ibrahim Qaddoumi, Rachel Brennan, Matthew Wilson, Jianrong Wu, Carlos-Rodriguez Galindo, Alessia Paglialonga, Gabriella Tognola

Faculty Publications

The aims of this study were to characterize and quantify time-frequency changes in transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) recorded in children diagnosed with retinoblastoma who were receiving carboplatin chemotherapy. A signal processing technique, the wavelet transform (WT), was used to analyze TEOAE waveforms in narrow-band frequency components. Ten children (aged 3–72 months) diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral retinoblastoma were enrolled in the study. TEOAEs were acquired from the children with linear sequences of 70 dB peak equivalent SPL clicks. After WT analysis, TEOAE energy, latency and normalized energy in the narrow-band frequency components were compared before and during carboplatin chemotherapy treatment …

The Use Of Music Stimulation To Increase On-Task Behavior In Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Language Processing Disorder, Chelsea Fitch

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Previous research has investigated the effect of music stimulation on children with autism (Boso, Emanuele, Minazzi, Abbamonte, & Politi, 2007; Brownell, 2002; Finnigan & Starr, 2010; Kuhlman & Schweinhart (n.d.); Lundqvist, Andersson, & Viding, 2009; Orr, Myles, & Carlson, 1998; Wood, 1991) with mixed results. The National Standards project has categorized music therapy as an "emerging" treatment methodology, indicating that more research is needed to fully examine its effectiveness when used in intervention for individuals with autism (National Autism Center, 2012). Reviews of the literature have indicated that children with language processing disorder may also benefit from music stimulation (Geist, …

Cognitive Aspects Of Stuttering, Megan Tredway

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Along with difficulties to produce fluent speech, individuals who stutter have been found to display differences in other areas of communication, such as language, articulation, reading, and cognitive abilities, as well as working memory. Working memory is a higher cognitive function underlying thinking and learning; therefore, reduced working memory skills may contribute to the variety of difficulties experienced by individuals who stutter. The purpose of this study was to investigate the working memory abilities of children who stutter. A relationship has been found between working memory skills and producing efficient discourse. The present study explored the relationship between working memory …

Fluency In Bilingual Preschool Children, Jenna Dechristopher

Undergraduate Review

Purpose: 1) To examine the spontaneous speech fluency of typically developing bilingual children obtained during an oral narrative task involving a conversational interview. 2) To determine what type of disfluencies may be present and 3) To investigate if there is a difference between fluency data obtained live and fluency data obtained from audio recordings during fluency sampling.

Method: Two examiners were used for this study. A corpus of one hundred words was obtained from eight participants by both examiners, audio taped, and transcribed. Live data was also obtained during the time of speech sampling. The participants were preschoolers between ages …

The Relation Of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Education, Vocabulary And Language Skills Of Children Who Stutter, Corrin G. Richels, Kia N. Johnson, Tedra A. Walden, Edward G. Conture

Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to investigate the possible relation between standardized measures of vocabulary/language, mother and father education, and a composite measure of socioeconomic status (SES) for children who do not stutter (CWNS) and children who stutter (CWS).

Methods: Participants were 138 CWNS and 159 CWS between the ages of 2;6 and 6;3 and their families. The Hollingshead Four Factor Index of Social Position (i.e., Family SES) was used to calculate SES based on a composite score consisting of weighted values for paternal and maternal education and occupation. Statistical regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relation …

Lessons Learned From Aac Camp, Janet L. Dodd

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Children who benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) need not only the support of individuals knowledgeable in the technologies themselves, but ones who understand the translation of language intervention principles to AAC.

Women Who Stutter : Experiences Of Developing Self-Management And Quality Of Life, Katherine Milton

Theses : Honours

Background and Purpose: Research suggests that stuttering can impact an individual’s quality of life and how they perceive themselves in interactions with others. As a larger proportion of adults who stutter are men, limited research is available regarding the specific experiences of women who stutter (WWS). Existent literature regarding WWS was mainly published in the 1970s -1980s and may no longer represent current issues. This study aimed to explore the current influences on quality of life, perception of stuttering, self-management strategies, and gender issues experienced by WWS.

Methods and Procedures: This grounded theory study used a convenience sample of eight …

The Impact Of Service-Learning On Academics Related To Neurogenic Communication Disorders, Ricki A. Konnerup

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

"Service-Learning (SL) is a pedagogical approach used to assist students in higher education in learning academic material by providing them an experience with a community partner. SL involves academic course objectives that are linked to a community need and includes student reflection on the experience (Goldberg, McCormick Richburg, & Wood, 2006). SL research is limited, but has been an increasing interest for medical, sociology, education, and communication disorders fields. This study describes the effect that SL has on academic learning related to neurogenic communication disorders, attitudes towards SL, and community benefits. One section of a senior level undergraduate course in …

Vowel Production In Mandarin Accented English And American English: Kinematic And Acoustic Data From The Marquette University Mandarin Accented English Corpus, An Ji, Jeffrey J. Berry, Michael T. Johnson

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Few electromagnetic articulography (EMA) datasets are publicly available, and none have focused systematically on non-native accented speech. We introduce a kinematic-acoustic database of speech from 40 (gender and dialect balanced) participants producing upper-Midwestern American English (AE) L1 or Mandarin Accented English (MAE) L2 (Beijing or Shanghai dialect base). The Marquette University EMA-MAE corpus will be released publicly to help advance research in areas such as pronunciation modeling, acoustic-articulatory inversion, L1-L2 comparisons, pronunciation error detection, and accent modification training. EMA data were collected at a 400 Hz sampling rate with synchronous audio using the NDI Wave System. Articulatory sensors were placed …

Syllabic Patterns In The Early Vocalizations Of Quichua Children, Christina E. Gildersleeve-Neumann, Barbara L. Davis, Peter F. Macneilage

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

To understand the interactions between production patterns common to children regardless of language environment and the early appearance of production effects based on perceptual learning from the ambient language requires the study of languages with diverse phonological properties. Few studies have evaluated early phonological acquisition patterns of children in non-Indo-European language environments. In the current study, across- and within-syllable consonant-vowel co-occurrence patterns in babbling were analyzed for a 6-month period for seven Ecuadorean Quichua learning children who were between 9 and 17 months of age at study onset. Their babbling utterances were compared to the babbling of six English-learning children …

Facilitation Of Language Acquisition Viewed Through An Interpretative Lens: The Role Of Authenticity, Melanie Ann Harper

Wayne State University Dissertations

A paradigm is the conceptual framework or lens one uses to view reality. The field of speech-language pathology is traditionally rooted in the empirical paradigm, which believes that language can be fragmented into isolated skills and taught in a hierarchal fashion. This belief has resulted in service delivery models that remove students from naturalistic contexts for decontextualized exercises. Progress in language acquisition is measured objectively. The empirical belief is exemplified by the accountability requirements in special education law (e.g., IEP). It is compounded by the realities of public school speech-language pathologists (SLPs), such as high caseload numbers, multiple buildings, and …