Chemicals and Drugs Commons^™

Nls-Binding Deficient Kapβ2 Reduces Neurotoxicity Via Selective Interaction With C9orf72-Als/Ftd Dipeptide Repeats, Kevin Kim, Amandeep Girdhar, Maria Elena Cicardi, V. Kankate, Miyuki Hayashi, Ruoyu Yang, Jenny Carey, Charlotte M Fare, James Shorter, Gino Cingolani, Davide Trotti, Lin Guo

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Arginine-rich dipeptide repeat proteins (R-DPRs) are highly toxic proteins found in patients with C9orf72-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (C9-ALS/FTD). R-DPRs can cause toxicity by disrupting the natural phase behavior of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Mitigating this abnormal phase behavior is, therefore, crucial to reduce R-DPR-induced toxicity. Here, we use FUS as a model RBP to investigate the mechanism of R-DPR-induced aberrant RBP phase transition. We find that this phase transition can be mitigated by Kapβ2. However, as a nuclear import receptor and phase modifier for PY-NLS-containing RBPs, the function of WT Kapβ2 could lead to undesired interaction with its …

In Vivo Evaluation Of Novel Nanoparticles And Repurposed Pharmaceuticals To Combat Antimicrobial Resistance, Sarah E. Evans

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In a 2019 report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), infections resistant to antibiotic treatment amount to about three million infections and 48,000 deaths. Antimicrobial resistance is an escalating global threat as existing antibiotics lose efficacy over time. The project described is focused on partnering with pharmaceutical researchers and producers to test new nanoparticle-based or repurposed compounds. The central hypothesis of this thesis is that pharmaceutical formulations such as nanoparticles may provide a cost-effective means of combating the emerging antimicrobial resistance. The nanoparticle compounds allowed for a wide range of customization for the pharmaceutical design, since the …

Exploring Microrna Pathways And Metformin's Anti-Inflammatory Potential In Osteoarthritis, Quang D La, Benjamin Tangkamolsuk, David F Lo

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

Exploring Cost-Effective And Asymmetric Alternatives To 9-Bbn, Annaliese Franklin

ASPIRE 2025

Catechol borane, pinacol borane, and 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, 9-BBN, are versatile cyclic borane (CB) hydroboration agents.1,2 The borinates/boronates obtained from their reactions with alkenes and alkynes are good candidates for various Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions–a very important reaction that has been used in the synthesis of multiple drugs. However, CBs do have a few drawbacks, such as the high cost of 9-BBN, and are relatively unreactive compared to their dialkylborane analogs. Furthermore, none of these boranes provides the chiral environment required for asymmetric induction by themselves.3,4 A quick survey of natural products revealed many terpene dienes such as limonene, ɑ-phellandrene, and valencene that …

Vonoprazan Vs. Lansoprazole In The Healing & Maintenance Phase Of Erosive Esophagitis, Sushil Rayamajhi, Syed Hasham Ali, Hareesha Bharadwaj, Ali Tariq

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Collagenase Injection In Dupuytren’S Contracture, Janson Witcher

The PA Department Journal of Medical Science

Introduction: Dupuytren's contracture is a debilitating hand condition characterized by progressive contracture of the palmar fascia. The use of collagenase clostridium histolyticum injections has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to surgical interventions, with varying degrees of efficacy and safety compared to traditional methods like limited fasciectomy and percutaneous needle fasciotomy.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed to assess the efficacy and safety of collagenase injections for treating Dupuytren's contracture. The search focused on peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in the last five years. Five relevant studies were selected based on the robustness …

Defend The Season: A Quality Approach To Influenza Vaccination, Robert Reinhart, Michaela Mckissack

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Severe Hypokalemic Paralysis Following Rituximab Infusion In A Patient With Type I Rta, Ayham Alsaab, Yousuf Sherwani, Emily Devine, Sarah Faheem, Vikas Gullapalli, Mohan Sengodan

North Texas Research Forum 2025

Rituximab is a CD-20 monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of _. Rituximab is a steroid-sparing agent that can be used to control a variety of diseases. (find sources but I found several possible uses). As with any therapy, there are side effects. One potential side effect of Rituximab that has only been described a few times in the literature is hypokalemia. One such report is a case report from 2020 that describes symptomatic hypokalemia in an 18-year-old female with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome after her 6th rituximab infusion, with K dropping from 4.0 prior to infusion to 2.3 at the …

Cannabis Induced 2nd Degree Av Block, Shivani Gandhi, Vineeth Lekkala, Muhammad Suleman, Anvitha Manduva

North Texas Research Forum 2025

Cannabis use, both medical and non-medical, has seen a marked increase following the growing trend of legalization. While the immediate effects of cannabis on mental and physiological states are well-documented, its potential impact on the cardiovascular system remains an area of growing concern. Cannabis-induced arrhythmias, particularly atrioventricular (AV) block, are rare but potentially life-threatening events that can present in young, otherwise healthy individuals (Heckle et al., 2018). This case highlights the importance of recognizing cannabis as a potential contributing factor in the development of AV block.

Painfully Obvious: Expanding Inpatient Buprenorphine For Opioid Use Disorder, Aline Levy-Sitnoveter, Mark Delic, Jonathan Aires Pinheiro, Eleana Estrella, Sankalp Goberdhan, Lauren Hundley, Richard Henriquez, Shamol Williams

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Swinging Lever Mechanism Of Myosin Directly Shown By Time-Resolved Cryo-Em, David P. Klebl, Sean N. Mcmillan, Cristina Risi, Eva Forgacs, Betty Virok, Jennifer L. Atherton, Sarah A. Harris, Michele Stofella, Donald A. Winkelmann, Frank Sobott, Vitold E. Galkin, Peter J. Knight, Stephen P. Muench, Charlotte A. Scarfi, Howard D. White

Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences Faculty Publications

Myosins produce force and movement in cells through interactions with F-actin¹. Generation of movement is thought to arise through actin-catalysed conversion of myosin from an ATP-generated primed (pre-powerstroke) state to a post-powerstroke state, accompanied by myosin lever swing²,³. However, the initial, primed actomyosin state has never been observed, and the mechanism by which actin catalyses myosin ATPase activity is unclear. Here, to address these issues, we performed time-resolved cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM)⁴ of a myosin-5 mutant having slow hydrolysis product release⁵,⁶. Primed actomyosin was predominantly captured 10 ms after …

A Scoping Review Of Population Diversity In The Common Genomic Aberrations Of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Sean S. Kumar, Ninad Khandekar, Komal Dani, Saina R. Bhatt, Vinay Duddalwar, Anishka D' Souza

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Previous literature has shown that clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is becoming a more prevalent diagnosis and that the incidence and mortality differ both regionally and racially. While the molecular profiles for ccRCC are studied regionally through biopsy and sequencing techniques, the genomic landscape and ccRCC diversity data are not well studied. We conducted a review of the known genomic data on 6 of the most clinically relevant DNA biomarkers in ccRCC: von Hippel-Lindau (vHL), Polybromo-1 (PBRM1), Breast Cancer Gene 1-Associated Protein 1 (BAP1), Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase Domain-Containing 2 (SETD2), Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), and Lysine-Specific Demethylase 5C …

Never Admit Or Release Without Considering A Naloxone Script (Narcan), Farid Mughni, Mustafa Ibrahim, Dante Janolo, Samuel Ramos, Emma Rivas, Olga Karasik

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Anti-Pd-1 Monoclonal Antibody Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Melanoma, Boney Lapsiwala, Jacqueline Bekhit, Indira Tata, Vibhuti Veeranna

North Texas Research Forum 2025

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including pembrolizumab, are increasingly used in cancer therapy, particularly for melanoma. While effective, these agents are associated with various immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), including endocrine disorders like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This report aims to contribute to the understanding of pembrolizumab-induced DKA, especially in patients with pre-existing prediabetes. Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male with a history of melanoma, prediabetes, and other comorbidities developed DKA after 1.5 years of pembrolizumab treatment. He presented with symptoms of weakness, thirst, dry mouth, and diarrhea, alongside severe hyperglycemia and metabolic acidosis. Diagnostic workup confirmed DKA, and his clinical improvement followed …

Atn Masquerading Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis: Atypical Presentation Of P-Anca Associated Vasculitis With Rpgn, Nimmy Joy, Anabel Al Abdallah, Andrea Francis, Saurabh Pande

Central & West Texas and San Antonio GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

An Electrochemical Sensor For Tenofovir Monitoring, Abdellatif Ait Lahcen, Gymama Slaughter

Center for Bioelectronics Publications

Effective monitoring of tenofovir (TFV) adherence is critical for ensuring the success of antiretroviral therapies in preventing and managing HIV, as nonadherence can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant strains. In this study, a highly sensitive and selective novel biomimetic sensor for TFV determination is developed utilizing laser-scribed graphene (LSG) modified with gold spiky nanostructures (AuNSp) and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). The MIP layer is engineered with precise control to maximize molecular specificity for TFV. Electrochemical characterization demonstrates excellent performance, including the broadest linear detection range (10 nM to 200 μM) reported to date with a sensitivity …

Optimizing Opioid Selection For Vaso-Occlusive Crisis: Identifying The Best Option To Reduce Hospital Length Of Stay, Benjamin H. Bridges, Laura Strom, Eric Belcher, Winston Daniels, Ansley Connelly, Joshua Ferrell

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Atorvastatin Alters Neuronal Morphology Data Set, Carolyn L. Pytte

Publications and Research

Statins are highly effective and widely prescribed cholesterol lowering drugs. However, statins cross the blood-brain barrier and decrease neural cholesterol in animal models, raising concern that long-term statin use may impact cholesterol-dependent structures and functions in the brain. Cholesterol is a fundamental component of cell membranes and experimentally decreasing membrane cholesterol has been shown to alter cell morphology in vitro. In addition, brain regions that undergo adult neurogenesis rely on local brain cholesterol for the manufacture of new neuronal membranes. Thus neurogenesis may be particularly vulnerable to long-term statin use. Here we asked whether oral statin treatment impacts neurogenesis …

Characterizing And Targeting The Non-Catalytic Functions Of Phosphatase Of Regenerating Liver 3 (Prl-3) In Oncogenesis And Cancer Progression, Jeffery T. Jolly

Theses and Dissertations--Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver 3 (PRL-3) is frequently upregulated in various cancers and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Although traditionally studied for its phosphatase activity, PRL-3 also interacts with the CNNM family of magnesium transporters through its catalytic site, and these two functions are mutually exclusive at any given time. Most previous studies relied on a commonly used PRL-3 mutation that disrupts both phosphatase activity and CNNM binding, making it challenging to determine which function drives its oncogenic effects. To address this gap in the field, I utilized a panel of PRL-3 mutants that selectively disrupt either phosphatase activity …

Baseline Disease Characteristics By Surgery History Among Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (Crswnp) In The Global Aroma Registry, Shigeharu Fujieda, Jayant M. Pinto, David W. Jang, Joseph K. Han, James Mims, Eugenio De Corso, Martin Wagenmann, Changming Xia, Thomas Plucinak, Mark Corbett, Scott Nash, Amr Radwan

Department of Otolaryngology (ENT) Faculty Publications

Purpose

The global Assessing long-teRm Outcomes in dupiluMAb (AROMA) registry study aims to characterize the long-term, real-world use of dupilumab in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This paper reports interim analysis of the baseline characteristics for the first 303 patients enrolled in AROMA.

Methods and materials

AROMA is currently ongoing in adult patients with CRSwNP who initiated dupilumab for up to 36 months. This interim analysis describes baseline demographics; systemic/oral corticosteroid (SCS/OCS) and antibiotic use; disease burden; healthcare resource utilization; and medical history. All outcomes are summarized descriptively.

Results

As of February 2023, AROMA had enrolled 303 …

Combination Of Hsp90 Inhibitors And Hsp70 Inducers Prevent Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis In Rabbits, Ruben M. L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel A. Solopov, Tierney Day, Dan E. Austin Jr., Len E. Murray, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Combined therapies with Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) inducers are gaining significant interest in cancer and cardiovascular research. Here, we tested the hypothesis that HSP90 inhibitors and HSP70 inducers, together, can block the development of pulmonary fibrosis. We exposed New Zealand White Rabbits to hydrochloric acid (HCl, 0.1 N, 1.5 mL/kg), one of the top five chemicals most commonly involved in accidental exposures and inhalation injuries worldwide, and treated animals with either the orally available HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 (1.7 mg/kg 5x/week) or TAS-116 combined with the HSP70 inducer, geranylgeranyl acetone (GGA, 50 mg/kg, …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Biological Activity Of Ni(Ii) And Co(Iii) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes As Potential Anticancer Agents, Jack Martin

Pitzer Senior Theses

The mechanics by which Reactive Oxygen Species work is an area of great interest given ROS’s wide range of biological applications. From cell signaling and mitochondrial regulation to pathogenesis and tumor cell death, varying concentrations of ROS in a system can lead to a whole host of positive and negative effects. In a similar vein, thiosemicarbazones are known to be equally useful for their myriad of antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumoral effects. They have been at the core of the pharmaceutical world or the better part of the last century. The purpose of this work is to synthesize, characterize and …

Has The Elimination Of Mandatory Buprenorphine X-Waiver Increased Presciptions Of This Medication Upon Discharge From The Hospital?, Kendall Moore, Robyn Meadows, Robyn Hoelle, Matthew Calestino

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Adverse Bleeding Events In Patients Taking Verapamil With Apixaban Or Rivaroxaban, Heena Patel, Franklin Hernandez, Kathleen Mattingly, Seth Sukriti, Chandan Mitra

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

The Chemical Straightjacket: Institutional Over-Use Of Psychotropic Drugs On Children In Lieu Of Therapeutic Community Mental Health Services, Marisa Leib-Neri

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

This Article argues that the abysmal state of children’s mental health in America is in part due to an overreliance on and over prescription of psychotropic drugs inside psychiatric residential institutions in lieu of community based mental health services. This overreliance on residential institutions and psychotropic drugs has allowed a new form of chemical restraint to flourish—the chemical straitjacket. This Article uses the medication lists of twelve children in seven different North Carolina psychiatric residential treatment facilities to demonstrate how the chemical straitjacket operates: the prescription of drugs not approved for pediatric populations, counter to evidence-based practices for particular diagnoses, …

Tryptophan Kynurenine Pathway-Based Imaging Agents For Brain Disorders And Oncology-From Bench To Bedside, Erik Stauff, Wenqi Xu, Heidi H. Kecskemethy, Sigrid A. Langhans, Vinay V. R. Kandula, Lauren W. Averill, Xuyi Yue

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Tryptophan (Trp)-based radiotracers have excellent potential for imaging many different types of brain pathology because of their involvement with both the serotonergic and kynurenine (KYN) pathways. However, radiotracers specific to the kynurenine metabolism pathway are limited. In addition, historically Trp-based radiopharmaceuticals were synthesized with the short-lived isotope carbon-11. A newer generation of Trp-based imaging agents using the longer half-lived and commercially available isotopes, such as fluorine-18 and iodine-124, are being developed. The newly developed amino acid-based tracers have been demonstrated to have favorable radiochemical and imaging characteristics in pre-clinical studies. However, many barriers still exist in the clinical translation of …

Medical-Grade Honey And Standard Dressings In Burn Wound Care: Evaluating Effectiveness, Cost, And Patient Outcomes, Chloe Shin, Andrew Golonka

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background: Burn injuries burden the healthcare system globally as silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is the standard treatment even though it delays healing and is highly costly. Medical-grade honey (MGH) demonstrates superior antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, however, there are still evidence gaps when comparing effectiveness, cost efficiency, and patient centered outcomes. Purpose: This study aims to compare MGH and SSD amongst these gaps to inform evidence based burn care. Methods: A randomized controlled trial will enroll 100 people between 25-50 years of age with first and second degree burns, < 20% total body surface area within two hospital burn units. Participants will be assigned to either MGH or SSD treatment. The study will be a single blind design where dermatologists evaluating the wound photographs will not know the treatment given. Primary outcomes include wound healing time, infection rates, and patient reported pain scores. Secondary outcomes will focus on cost effectiveness analyses and patient quality of life. Standardized protocols will be implemented for data collection, wound assessment, and safety monitoring. Results: We anticipate that MGH will have lower infection rates, promote faster wound healing, improved outcomes from patient reports, and better cost effectiveness through shorter hospital stays and reduced medical treatments compared to SSD. Conclusion: This study will provide evidence comparing MGH and SSD across economic, clinical, and patient centered outcomes. If our hypothesis aligns with the results, MGH could be a new evidence based standard in burn care as it offers many advantages over SSD in patient comfort, healing efficiency, and medical costs. The findings will provide areas for future research, especially long term outcome and a bigger patient population.

Optimizing Endogenous Glp-1 Holistically: A Nursing Led Approach To Sustainable Weight Loss Without Glp-1 Agonist Use, Taylee A. Carscadden

Nursing | Senior Theses

The increase in off-label Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist drugs, such as semaglutide (Ozempic), for weight loss has sparked concern in regards to the not fully understood drug outcomes and safety. GLP-1 agonists were originally developed to manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, but have been widely prescribed for obesity management despite minimal research on prolonged use in non-diabetic patients. This study explores how off-label use of GLP-1 agonist drugs exacerbate various adverse health outcomes, highlighting gastrointestinal complications, and the very possible dependency on drugs for weight management. It will also examine the efficacy of nursing-led education on the implementation of …

Medical-Grade Honey And Standard Dressings In Burn Wound Care: Evaluating Effectiveness, Cost, And Patient Outcomes, Andrew Golonka, Chloe Shin

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Burn injuries burden the healthcare system globally as silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is the standard treatment even though it delays healing and is highly costly. Medical-grade honey (MGH) demonstrates superior antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, however, there are still evidence gaps when comparing effectiveness, cost efficiency, and patient centered outcomes. Purpose: This study aims to compare MGH and SSD amongst these gaps to inform evidence based burn care. Methods:A randomized controlled trial will enroll 100 people between 25-50 years of age with first and second degree burns, < 20% total body surface area within two hospital burn units. Participants will be assigned to either MGH or SSD treatment. The study will be a single blind design where dermatologists evaluating the wound photographs will not know the treatment given. Primary outcomes include wound healing time, infection rates, and patient reported pain scores. Secondary outcomes will focus on cost effectiveness analyses and patient quality of life. Standardized protocols will be implemented for data collection, wound assessment, and safety monitoring. Results: We anticipate that MGH will have lower infection rates, promote faster wound …

Magnetic And Ph-Sensitive Dual Actuation Of Biohybrid Microswimmer Of Targeted Drug Release Suitable For Cancer Cell Microenvironment, Richa Chaturvedi, Yumin Kang, Yunji Eom, Sri Ramulu Torati, Cheolgi Kim

Center for Bioelectronics Publications

The chemotherapeutic agents most frequently used in cancer treatment often have limited effectiveness because of their low specificity for tumors and poor therapeutic performance. In addition to the aforementioned therapeutic challenges the drug delivery carriers conjugated with the drug encounter early detection and elimination from the immune system before arriving at the affected area continues to be a significant research focus among researchers. To address this prevalent issue, an effective approach has been developed that leverages the physiological differences between normal and tumor tissue to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. This drug delivery system is designed based on pH-sensitive …