Biomedical Informatics Commons^™

Extradural Primary Malignant Spinal Tumors In A Population Younger Than 25 Years: An Ambispective International Multicenter Study On Onco-Surgical Outcomes, Alexander C Disch, Stefano Boriani, Alessandro Luzzati, Laurence D Rhines, Charles G Fisher, Aron Lazary, Ziya L Gokaslan, Dean Chou, Michelle J Clarke, Michael G Fehlings, Klaus-Dieter Schaser, Nicole M Germscheid, Jeremy J Reynolds, The Ao Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extradural malignant primary spinal tumors are rare and outcome data, especially for younger patients, is limited. In a worldwide (11 centers) study (Predictors of Mortality and Morbidity in the Surgical Management of Primary Tumors of the Spine study; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01643174) by the AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor, patients surgically treated for primary tumors of the spine between 1992 and 2012, were retrospectively analyzed from a prospective database of their medical history. Medical history, tumor characteristics, diagnostics, treatments, cross-sectional survival, and local recurrences were analyzed. Sixty-eight cases (32 f; 36 m), at an average age of 18.6 ± 4.7 years …

Ageanno: A Knowledgebase Of Single-Cell Annotation Of Aging In Human, Kexin Huang, Hoaran Gong, Jingjing Guan, Lingxiao Zhang, Changbao Hu, Weiling Zhao, Liyu Huang, Wei Zhang, Pora Kim, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aging is a complex process that accompanied by molecular and cellular alterations. The identification of tissue-/cell type-specific biomarkers of aging and elucidation of the detailed biological mechanisms of aging-related genes at the single-cell level can help to understand the heterogeneous aging process and design targeted anti-aging therapeutics. Here, we built AgeAnno (https://relab.xidian.edu.cn/AgeAnno/#/), a knowledgebase of single cell annotation of aging in human, aiming to provide comprehensive characterizations for aging-related genes across diverse tissue-cell types in human by using single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing data (scRNA and scATAC). The current version of AgeAnno houses 1 678 610 cells from 28 healthy …

Late Effects Of Craniospinal Irradiation Using Electron Spinal Fields For Pediatric Patients With Cancer, Brian De, Marcus A Florez, Ethan B Ludmir, Moshe H Maor, Susan L Mcgovern, Mary Frances Mcaleer, David R Grosshans, Eric L Chang, Anita Mahajan, Arnold C Paulino

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: For children, craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with photons is associated with significant toxic effects. The use of electrons for spinal fields is hypothesized to spare anterior structures but the long-term effects remain uncertain. We studied late effects of CSI using electrons for spinal radiation therapy (RT).

Methods and materials: Records of 84 consecutive patients treated with CSI using electrons for the spine at a single institution between 1983 and 2014 were reviewed. Median age at RT was 5 (range, 1-14) years. The most common histologies were medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (59%) and ependymoma (8%). The median prescribed dose to the entire …

Targeted Genomic Sequencing Of Tsc1 And Tsc2 Reveals Causal Variants In Individuals For Whom Previous Genetic Testing For Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Was Normal, Hannah D West, Mark Nellist, Rutger W W Brouwer, Mirjam C G N Van Den Hout-Van Vroonhoven, Luiz Gustavo Dufner De Almeida, Femke Hendriks, Peter Elfferich, Meera Raja, Peter Giles, Rosa M Alfano, Angela Peron, Yves Sznajer, Liesbeth De Waele, Anna Jansen, Marije Koopmans, Anneke Kievit, Laura S Farach, Hope Northrup, Julian R Sampson, Laura E Thomas, Wilfred F J Van Ijcken

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is caused by inactivating variants in TSC1 and TSC2. Somatic mosaicism, as well as the size and complexity of the TSC1 and TSC2 loci, makes variant identification challenging. Indeed, in some individuals with a clinical diagnosis of TSC, diagnostic testing fails to identify an inactivating variant. To improve TSC1 and TSC2 variant detection, we screened the TSC1 and TSC2 genomic regions using targeted HaloPlex custom capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood of individuals with definite, possible or suspected TSC in whom no disease-associated variant had been identified by previous …

Neurocognitive Correlates Of Cerebellar Volumetric Alterations In Youth With Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorders And Bipolar Offspring, Kirti Saxena, Alessio Simonetti, Christopher D Verrico, Delfina Janiri, Marco Di Nicola, Antonello Catinari, Sherin Kurian, Johanna Saxena, Benson Mwangi, Jair C Soares

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence points towards the involvement of the cerebellum in the processing of emotions and pathophysiology of mood disorders. However, cerebellar and related cognitive alterations in youth with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and those at high risk to develop the disorder, such as bipolar offspring (BD-OFF) are not clearly defined.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate cerebellar gray and white matter volumes, cognition, and their relationship in youth with PBD and BD-OFF.

METHODS: Thirty youth (7 to 17 years, inclusive) with PBD, 30 BD-OFF and 40 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Study participants underwent a computer-based cognitive battery assessing affective processing, executive …

Neuroanatomical Correlates Of The Late Positive Potential In Youth With Pediatric Bipolar Disorder, Alessio Simonetti, Marijn Lijffijt, Sherin Kurian, Johanna Saxena, Delfina Janiri, Marianna Mazza, Giulio Carriero, Lorenzo Moccia, Benson Mwangi, Alan C Swann, Jair C Soares

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The late positive potential (LPP) could be a marker of emotion dysregulation in youth with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). However, the neuroanatomical correlates of the LPP are still not clarified.

OBJECTIVE: To provide cortical and deep gray matter correlates of the LPP in youth, specifically, youth with PBD.

METHODS: Twenty-four 7 to 17 years-old children with PBD and 28 healthy controls (HC) underwent cortical thickness and deep gray matter volumes measurements through magnetic resonance imaging and LPP measurement elicited by passively viewing emotional faces through electroencephalography. T-tests compared group differences in LPP, cortical thickness, and deep gray matter volumes. …

A Cross-National Comparison Of The Linkages Between Family Structure Histories And Early Adolescent Substance Use, Haley Stritzel, Michael Green, Robert Crosnoe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Family structure can influence adolescent health with cascading implications into adulthood. Life course theory emphasizes how this phenomenon is dynamic across time, contextualized in policy systems, and grounded in processes of selection and socialization. This study used data from the U.S. (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Child and Young Adults, n = 6,236) and U.K. (Millennium Cohort Study, n = 11,095) to examine associations between a single mother family structure between ages 0-14 and early adolescent substance use at age 14 across time and place, using inverse probability of treatment weighting to explore how results varied by selection into …

Hypofractionated, 3-Week, Preoperative Radiotherapy For Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcomas (Hyport-Sts): A Single-Centre, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Trial, B Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Roland L Bassett, Devarati Mitra, Ahsan Farooqi, Caroline Hempel, Courtney Dorber, Tiara Willis, Wei-Lien Wang, Ravin Ratan, Neeta Somaiah, Robert S Benjamin, Keila E Torres, Kelly K Hunt, Christopher P Scally, Emily Z Keung, Robert L Satcher, Justin E Bird, Patrick P Lin, Bryan S Moon, Valerae O Lewis, Christina L Roland, Andrew J Bishop

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The standard preoperative radiotherapy regimen of 50 Gy delivered in 25 fractions for 5 weeks for soft tissue sarcomas results in excellent local control, with major wound complications occurring in approximately 35% of patients. We aimed to investigate the safety of a moderately hypofractionated, shorter regimen of radiotherapy, which could be more convenient for patients.

METHODS: This single-centre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial (HYPORT-STS) was done at a single tertiary cancer care centre (MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA). We administered preoperative radiotherapy to a dose of 42·75 Gy in 15 fractions of 2·85 Gy/day for 3 weeks …

Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumors, Not Otherwise Specified: Analysis Of Nine Cases With A Literature Review, Mengyan Lin, Kechun Bao, Lingjia Lu, Shuhang Xu, Yun Liang, Xiaodong Cheng, Fenfen Wang

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BACKGROUND: Ovarian steroid cell tumors (SCTs), not otherwise specified (NOS), are rare, with few large studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features, prognosis, and treatment choices for these patients of different age groups.

METHODS: This was a retrospective study. We identified nine cases of ovarian steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified, confirmed by post-operative histopathological examination, and analyzed clinical features, surgical procedures, and follow up outcomes. We also reviewed cases reports of ovarian steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified.

RESULTS: A total of nine cases were included. The age range was 9-68 years (mean, 41.89 …

Risks Of Depression And Suicide After Diagnosis With Heart Failure: A National Cohort Study, Casey Crump, Jan Sundquist, Kenneth S Kendler, Weiva Sieh, Alexis C Edwards, Kristina Sundquist

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BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) has been associated with psychosocial distress, but other long-term mental health sequelae are unclear.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, the authors sought to determine risks of major depression and suicide, susceptible time periods, and sex-specific differences after HF diagnosis in a large population-based cohort.

METHODS: A national cohort study was conducted of all 154,572 persons diagnosed with HF at ages 18-75 years during 2002-2017 in Sweden and 1,545,720 age- and sex-matched population-based control subjects who were followed up for major depression and suicide ascertained from nationwide inpatient, outpatient, and death records through 2018. Poisson regression was used …

Development And Validation Of A Population-Based Anatomical Colorectal Model For Radiation Dosimetry In Late Effects Studies Of Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Constance A Owens, Bastien Rigaud, Ethan B Ludmir, Aashish C Gupta, Suman Shrestha, Arnold C Paulino, Susan A Smith, Christine B Peterson, Stephen F Kry, Choonsik Lee, Tara O Henderson, Gregory T Armstrong, Kristy K Brock, Rebecca M Howell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop and integrate a colorectal model that incorporates anatomical variations of pediatric patients into the age-scalable MD Anderson Late Effects (MDA-LE) computational phantom, and validate the model for pediatric radiation therapy (RT) dose reconstructions.

Methods: Colorectal contours were manually derived from whole-body non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scans of 114 pediatric patients (age range: 2.1-21.6 years, 74 males, 40 females). One contour was used for an anatomical template, 103 for training and 10 for testing. Training contours were used to create a colorectal principal component analysis (PCA)-based statistical shape model (SSM) to extract …

Structural Brain Alterations Associated With Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors In Young People: Results From 21 International Studies From The Enigma Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviours Consortium, Laura S Van Velzen, Maria R Dauvermann, Lejla Colic, Luca M Villa, Hannah S Savage, Yara J Toenders, Alyssa H Zhu, Joanna K Bright, Adrián I Campos, Lauren E Salminen, Sonia Ambrogi, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Nerisa Banaj, Zeynep Başgöze, Jochen Bauer, Karina Blair, Robert James Blair, Katharina Brosch, Yuqi Cheng, Romain Colle, Colm G Connolly, Emmanuelle Corruble, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Kathryn R Cullen, Udo Dannlowski, Christopher G Davey, Katharina Dohm, Janice M Fullerton, Ali Saffet Gonul, Ian H Gotlib, Dominik Grotegerd, Tim Hahn, Ben J Harrison, Mengxin He, Ian B Hickie, Tiffany C Ho, Frank Iorfino, Andreas Jansen, Fabrice Jollant, Tilo Kircher, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Melissa Klug, Elisabeth J Leehr, Elizabeth T C Lippard, Katie A Mclaughlin, Susanne Meinert, Adam Bryant Miller, Philip B Mitchell, Benson Mwangi, Igor Nenadić, Amar Ojha, Bronwyn J Overs, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Fabrizio Piras, Kai G Ringwald, Gloria Roberts, Georg Romer, Marsal Sanches, Margaret A Sheridan, Jair C Soares, Gianfranco Spalletta, Frederike Stein, Giana I Teresi, Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Aslihan Uyar-Demir, Nic J A Van Der Wee, Steven J Van Der Werff, Robert R J M Vermeiren, Alexandra Winter, Mon-Ju Wu, Tony T Yang, Paul M Thompson, Miguel E Rentería, Neda Jahanshad, Hilary P Blumberg, Anne-Laura Van Harmelen, Enigma Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviours Consortium, Lianne Schmaal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Identifying brain alterations associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in young people is critical to understanding their development and improving early intervention and prevention. The ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium analyzed neuroimaging data harmonized across sites to examine brain morphology associated with STBs in youth. We performed analyses in three separate stages, in samples ranging from most to least homogeneous in terms of suicide assessment instrument and mental disorder. First, in a sample of 577 young people with mood disorders, in which STBs were assessed with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Second, in a sample …

Functional Genomic Analysis Of Epithelioid Sarcoma Reveals Distinct Proximal And Distal Subtype Biology, Samuel V Rasmussen, Jia Xiang Jin, Lissett R Bickford, Andrew D Woods, Felix Sahm, Kenneth A Crawford, Kiyo Nagamori, Hiroaki Goto, Keila E Torres, Angelo Sidoni, Erin R Rudzinski, Khin Thway, Robin L Jones, Alessio Ciulli, Hollis Wright, Melvin Lathara, Ganapati Srinivasa, Kavya Kannan, Paul H Huang, Thomas G P Grünewald, Noah E Berlow, Charles Keller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Metastatic epithelioid sarcoma (EPS) remains a largely unmet clinical need in children, adolescents and young adults despite the advent of EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat.

Methods: In order to realise consistently effective drug therapies, a functional genomics approach was used to identify key signalling pathway vulnerabilities in a spectrum of EPS patient samples. EPS biopsies/surgical resections and cell lines were studied by next-generation DNA exome and RNA deep sequencing, then EPS cell cultures were tested against a panel of chemical probes to discover signalling pathway targets with the most significant contributions to EPS tumour cell maintenance.

Results: Other biologically inspired functional …

A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Of Triheptanoin For Drug-Resistant Epilepsy In Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome, Pasquale Striano, Stéphane Auvin, Abigail Collins, Rita Horvath, Ingrid E Scheffer, Michal Tzadok, Ian Miller, Mary Kay Koenig, Adrian Lacy, Ronald Davis, Angela Garcia-Cazorla, Russell P Saneto, Melanie Brandabur, Susan Blair, Tony Koutsoukos, Darryl De Vivo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate efficacy and long-term safety of triheptanoin in patients >1 year old, not on a ketogenic diet, with drug-resistant seizures associated with glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS).

Methods: UX007G-CL201 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Following a 6-week baseline period, eligible patients were randomized 3:1 to triheptanoin or placebo. Dosing was titrated to 35% of total daily calories over 2 weeks. After an 8-week placebo-controlled period, all patients received open-label triheptanoin through Week 52.

Results: The study included 36 patients (15 children, 13 adolescents, eight adults). A median 12.6% reduction in overall seizure …

Rationale And Design Of The Phase 3 Keylynk-013 Study Of Pembrolizumab With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Followed By Pembrolizumab With Or Without Olaparib For Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Andreas Rimner, Wei-Chu Victoria Lai, Raffaele Califano, Salma K Jabbour, Charles M Rudin, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Byoung Chul Cho, Terufumi Kato, Jinming Yu, Wyatt Chafin, Li Yu, Bin Zhao, Lauren Byers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The current standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The prognosis remains poor due to the aggressiveness and high risk of progression or relapse of SCLC even if an initial response is achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent unmet clinical need in this population. The multicenter, phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind KEYLYNK-013 study evaluates the addition of pembrolizumab to CCRT followed by pembrolizumab with or without olaparib in participants with previously untreated limited-stage SCLC. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04624204).

Methods: Eligible participants aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed, limited-stage …

Urgent Cytoreduction For Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Allows Acquisition Of Pretreatment Genomic Data And Enrollment On Investigational Clinical Trials, Kunhwa Kim, Marina Konopleva, Courtney D Dinardo, Gautam Borthakur, Sanam Loghavi, Guilin Tang, Naval Daver, Naveen Pemmaraju, Elias Jabbour, Caitlin R Rausch, Musa Yilmaz, Koji Sasaki, Nicholas J Short, Nitin Jain, Mark Brandt, Sherry Pierce, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop Kantarjian, Tapan M Kadia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia is often deemed a medical emergency, requiring urgent treatment. This is in contradiction with the need for accurate cytogenetic and molecular data, which is not immediately available, to select optimal therapy. We hypothesized that cytoreduction with hydroxyurea or cytarabine would enable urgent disease control and provide a bridge to clinical trial enrollment. We analyzed three prospective frontline clinical trials that allowed the use of cytoreduction before treatment initiation. Among 274 patients with a median age of 62 (range, 18-89), there was no significant difference in short- and long-term outcome and safety among patients who did …

Long-Term Outcomes Among Adolescent And Young Adult Survivors Of Acute Leukemia: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results Analysis, Amy M Berkman, Clark R Andersen, Branko Cuglievan, David C Mccall, Philip J Lupo, Susan K Parsons, Courtney D Dinardo, Nicholas J Short, Nitin Jain, Tapan M Kadia, J A Livingston, Michael E Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a growing population of adolescent and young adult (AYA, age 15-39 years) acute leukemia survivors in whom long-term mortality outcomes are largely unknown.

Methods: The current study utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry to assess long-term outcomes of AYA acute leukemia 5-year survivors. The impact of diagnosis age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and decade of diagnosis on long-term survival were assessed utilizing an accelerated failure time model.

Results: A total of 1,938 AYA acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 2,350 AYA acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survivors diagnosed between 1980 and 2009 were included with a …

Factors Impacting Adolescent And Young Adult Cancer Patients’ Decision To Pursue Genetic Counseling And Testing, Megan Morand, Michael Roth, Susan K Peterson, Erica M Bednar, Aarti Ramdaney, J Andrew Livingston, Angela Yarbrough, Jessica Corredor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients face challenges when navigating cancer treatment and survivorship. Many are at risk for cancer predisposition syndromes; however, factors influencing pursuit of genetic counseling and testing have not been reported. We describe AYA cancer patients' decision-making process, including motivational factors and barriers, as it relates to utilization of genetic services.

Methods: Thirty AYAs diagnosed with cancer previously referred for cancer predisposition genetic counseling completed semi-structured interviews via audio-only Zoom calls. Thematic analysis was used to perform qualitative analysis and identify major themes.

Results: The sample comprised 21 AYAs who had genetic counseling and …

An Observational Retrospective Study Of Adverse Events And Behavioral Outcomes During Pediatric Dental Sedation, Kawtar Zouaidi, Gregory Olson, Helen H Lee, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Muhammad F Walji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine a university-based dental electronic health records (EHR) database to identify sedation-related adverse events (AEs) and assess patients' behavioral outcomes during routine pediatric dental sedations (PDSs) in a dental school clinic.

Methods: A database was screened for patients younger than 18 years old who had received dental sedation in 2019. The qualifying EHRs were then accessed and sedations were reviewed for AEs, which were categorized using a 12-point classification system and the Tracking and Reporting Outcomes of Procedural Sedation Tool. Patient behaviors were assessed using provider progress notes and categorized as presence/ …

Body Region-Specific 3d Age-Scaling Functions For Scaling Whole-Body Computed Tomography Anatomy For Pediatric Late Effects Studies, Aashish C Gupta, Constance A Owens, Suman Shrestha, Choonsik Lee, Susan A Smith, Rita E Weathers, Tucker Netherton, Peter A Balter, Stephen F Kry, David S Followill, Keith T Griffin, James P Long, Gregory T Armstrong, Rebecca M Howell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose:

Radiation epidemiology studies of childhood cancer survivors treated in the pre-computed tomography (CT) era reconstruct the patients’ treatment fields on computational phantoms. For such studies, the phantoms are commonly scaled to age at the time of radiotherapy treatment because age is the generally available anthropometric parameter. Several reference size phantoms are used in such studies, but reference size phantoms are only available at discrete ages (e.g.: newborn, 1, 5, 10, 15, and Adult). When such phantoms are used for RT dose reconstructions, the nearest discrete-aged phantom is selected to represent a survivor of a specific age. In this work, …

Brain Antigens Stimulate Proliferation Of T Lymphocytes With A Pathogenic Phenotype In Multiple Sclerosis Patients, Assaf Gottlieb, Hoai Phuong T Pham, John William Lindsey

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A method to stimulate T lymphocytes with a broad range of brain antigens would facilitate identification of the autoantigens for multiple sclerosis and enable definition of the pathogenic mechanisms important for multiple sclerosis. In a previous work, we found that the obvious approach of culturing leukocytes with homogenized brain tissue does not work because the brain homogenate suppresses antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation. We now report a method that substantially reduces the suppressive activity. We used this non-suppressive brain homogenate to stimulate leukocytes from multiple sclerosis patients and controls. We also stimulated with common viruses for comparison. We measured proliferation, selected the …

Prediction Of Fluid Intelligence From T1-W Mri Images: A Precise Two-Step Deep Learning Framework, Mingliang Li, Mingfeng Jiang, Guangming Zhang, Yujun Liu, Xiaobo Zhou

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The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Neurocognitive Prediction Challenge (ABCD-NP-Challenge) is a community-driven competition that challenges competitors to develop algorithms to predict fluid intelligence scores from T1-w MRI images. In this work, a two-step deep learning pipeline is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of fluid intelligence scores. In terms of the first step, the main contributions of this study include the following: (1) the concepts of the residual network (ResNet) and the squeeze-and-excitation network (SENet) are utilized to improve the original 3D U-Net; (2) in the segmentation process, the pixels in symmetrical brain regions are assigned the same label; …

Residual Cancer Burden After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy And Long-Term Survival Outcomes In Breast Cancer: A Multicentre Pooled Analysis Of 5161 Patients, Christina Yau, Marie Osdoit, Marieke Van Der Noordaa, Sonal Shad, Jane Wei, Diane De Croze, Anne-Sophie Hamy, Marick Laé, Fabien Reyal, Gabe S Sonke, Tessa G Steenbruggen, Maartje Van Seijen, Jelle Wesseling, Miguel Martín, Maria Del Monte-Millán, Sara López-Tarruella, Judy C Boughey, Matthew P Goetz, Tanya Hoskin, Rebekah Gould, Vicente Valero, Stephen B Edge, Jean E Abraham, John M S Bartlett, Carlos Caldas, Janet Dunn, Helena Earl, Larry Hayward, Louise Hiller, Elena Provenzano, Stephen-John Sammut, Jeremy S Thomas, David Cameron, Ashley Graham, Peter Hall, Lorna Mackintosh, Fang Fan, Andrew K Godwin, Kelsey Schwensen, Priyanka Sharma, Angela M Demichele, Kimberly Cole, Lajos Pusztai, Mi-Ok Kim, Laura J Van 'T Veer, Laura J Esserman, W Fraser Symmans

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Previous studies have independently validated the prognostic relevance of residual cancer burden (RCB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We used results from several independent cohorts in a pooled patient-level analysis to evaluate the relationship of RCB with long-term prognosis across different phenotypic subtypes of breast cancer, to assess generalisability in a broad range of practice settings.

Methods: In this pooled analysis, 12 institutes and trials in Europe and the USA were identified by personal communications with site investigators. We obtained participant-level RCB results, and data on clinical and pathological stage, tumour subtype and grade, and treatment and follow-up in November, 2019, …

Sustained Attention In Children With Two Etiologies Of Early Hydrocephalus, Maegan D. Swartwout, Paul T. Cirino, Amy W. Hampson, Jack M. Fletcher, Michael E. Brandt, Maureen Dennis

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Several studies have shown that children with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM) and hydrocephalus have attention problems on parent ratings and difficulties in stimulus orienting associated with a posterior brain attention system. Less is known about response control and inhibition associated with an anterior brain attention system. Using the Gordon Vigilance Task (Gordon, 1983), we studied error rate, reaction time, and performance over time for sustained attention, a key anterior attention function, in 101 children with SBM, 17 with aqueductal stenosis (AS; another condition involving congenital hydrocephalus), and 40 typically developing controls (NC). In SBM, we investigated the relation between cognitive …

Verb Generation In Children With Spina Bifida, Maureen Dennis, Derryn Jewell, Ross Hetherington, Christine Burton, Michael E. Brandt, Susan E. Blaser, Jack M Fletcher

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We investigated verb generation in children with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM; n = 55) and in typically developing controls (n = 32). Participants completed 6 blocks (40 trials each) of a task requiring them to produce a semantically related verb in response to a target noun and an additional 40 trials on which they were simply required to read target nouns aloud. After controlling for reading response time, groups did not differ significantly in verb generation response time or learning. Children with SBM produced more non-verb errors than controls and tended to repeat their mistakes over blocks. Verb generation performance …

Encouraging Adolescents Toward Mental Health Careers Via Website Biographies, Irmi U. Willcockson, Prabhu R. Shankar, Cynthia L. Phelps, Craig W. Johnson

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This project designed, developed, implemented and is currently evaluating the effectiveness of an interactive, multi-media website designed to encourage adolescents to consider careers in mental health. This Web-based learning environment features biographies of mental health scientists. Evaluation is conducted in a systematic, structured way using cognitive achievement, usability (ease of use), and affective scales (e.g., fun to use) as outcome measures

Genetics And Epidemiology Of Gallbladder Disease In New World Native Peoples, K M Weiss, R E Ferrell, C L Hanis, P N Styne

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Native peoples of the New World, including Amerindians and admixed Latin Americans such as Mexican-Americans, are highly susceptible to diseases of the gallbladder. These include cholesterol cholelithiasis (gallstones) and its complications, as well as cancer of the gallbladder. Although there is clearly some necessary dietary or other environmental risk factor involved, the pattern of disease prevalence is geographically associated with the distribution of genes of aboriginal Amerindian origin, and levels of risk generally correspond to the degree of Amerindian admixture. This pattern differs from that generally associated with Westernization, which suggests a gene-environment interaction, and that within an admixed population …