Bioethics and Medical Ethics Commons^™

Anatomy And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) From Magnetic Resonance Images, Lori Marino, Keith D. Sudheimer, Timothy L. Murphy, Kristina K. Davis, D. Ann Pabst, William A. Mclellan, James K. Rilling, John I. Johnson

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Cetacean (dolphin, whale, and porpoise) brains are among the least studied mammalian brains because of the formidability of collecting and histologically preparing such relatively rare and large specimens. Magnetic resonance imaging offers a means of observing the internal structure of the brain when traditional histological procedures are not practical. Furthermore, internal structures can be analyzed in their precise anatomic positions, which is difficult to accomplish after the spatial distortions often accompanying histological processing. In this study, images of the brain of an adult bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, were scanned in the coronal plane at 148 antero-posterior levels. From these scans …

When Hope Unblooms: Chance And Moral Luck In The Fiction Of Thomas Hardy, Jil Larson

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society at Western Michigan University, September 20, 2001.

Conflict Of Interest And Physical Therapy, Mike W. Martin, Donald L. Gabard

Philosophy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

'In a chapter entitled “Conflict of Interest & Physical Therapy”, authors Martin & Gabard offer a cogent definition. They write simply, “conflicts of interest are situations in which individuals have interests that significantly threaten their role responsibilities, or would do so for a typical person having their role.” Likewise, Davis describes the standard view of conflict of interest as a situation in which a person P is in a relationship requiring P to exercise some judgment on another’s behalf and P has an interest “tending to interfere with the proper exercise of that judgment”. With regard to professional conflicts of …

Update - November 2001, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

[ Too Risky for Research? ]
-- Human Research with Vulnerable Humans
-- Why Did Jesus Die?

-- Earn a Master's degree from Loma Linda University
-- Center for Christian Bioethics News & Events

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall-Winter 2001

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 3, Issue 1, [2001], Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Helping Others to Help Yourself: The Value of Community Service
• Director's Corner: One Tough Guy by Robert P. Lawry
• We Do! We Can't? A Discussion of Same Sex Marriage
• Tom Anderson, Ethics Fellow: Teacher for All Seasons
• Volume 3, Number 1: News, Notes, and Future Events

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Summer 2001

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Embryonic Stem Cell Research As An Ethical Issue: On The Emptiness Of Symbolic Value, Kevin Quinn

Faculty Publications

The ability to generate a wide variety of stem cell lines (in relatively renewable tissue cultures) opens up a whole new world of breathtaking possibilities for science and medicine. The possibilities include: "in vitro studies of normal embryo-genesis, human gene discovery, and drug and teratogen testing and as a renewable source of cells for tissue transplantation, cell replacement, and gene therapies." But it also opens up a world of complications.

Human EG and ES cells must be recovered from aborted fetuses or live embryos. Because primordial gonadal tissue is removed from fetuses after their death, the derivation of EO cells …

Trends. The Privileged Status Of The Physical In Health Ideology: The Security Consequences Of Aids, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the importance of recognizing both physical and psychological factors of the AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) pandemic on security.

Going, Going, Gone...The Opportunities And Legal Pitfalls Of Online Surgical Auctions, Brian J. Caveney

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Covenantal Ethics: A Living System For Living Systems, Matthew D. Viel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Covenantal ethics is a living system for living systems. We humans are not simple, isolated individuals living stagnant, dead lives. Rather we are immersed in a complex system of living, glowing and developing interpersonal relationships with others. Philosophy in general and ethics in particular are often looked upon as dead or dormant entities. Covenantal ethics is neither. It is a living approach to the philosophy of ethics that recognizes the dynamic system in which we live. Our world recently welcomed a new millennium. We moved forward, leaving behind much of the old and eagerly anticipating what was to come. One …

An Analysis Of The Changing Forces Behind Health Insurance Coverage Of Homebirth, Christina Anne Gasbarro

Dissertations and Theses

The expansion of managed care, which is premised on containing costs while maintaining market share, represents a radical transformation of the U.S. health care system. A central question for medical sociologists is to determine how the changes brought by managed care influence health insurance and health care options. In evaluating the impacts of managed care, obstetrics is a particularly important site of study. Part of this agenda involves gathering baseline data on a specific transformation in obstetrics practice new to the managed care scene: the emergence of health insurance coverage for the option of home birth. The research project detailed …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Three-Dimensional Reconstructions Of The Brain Of A Fetal Common Dolphin, Delphinus Delphis, Lori Marino, Timothy L. Murphy, Lyad Gozal, John I. Johnson

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

To demonstrate the kinds of data that can be obtained non-destructively and non-invasively from preserved museum specimens using modern imaging technology the head region of a whole body fetal specimen of the common dolphin, Delphinus delphis, aged 8–9 months post-conception, was scanned using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Series of scans were obtained in coronal, sagittal and horizontal planes. A digital three-dimensional reconstruction of the whole brain was prepared from the coronal series of scans. Sectional areas and three-dimensional volumes were obtained of the cerebral hemispheres and of the brainstemplus-cerebellum. Neuroanatomical features identified in the scans include the major sulci of …

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2001

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Ethics Of Making The Body Beautiful: Lessons From Cosmetic Surgery For A Future Of Cosmetic Genetics, Sara Goering

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This piece was originally published in the Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Spring 2001 issue (from the Maryland Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy).

Consent To The Use Of Stored Dna For Genetics Research: A Survey Of Attitudes In The Jewish Population, Marc D. Schwartz, Karen H. Rothenberg, Linda Joseph, Judith Benkendorf, Caryn Lerman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Review Of: The Human Genome Project And Minority Communities - Ethical, Social, And Political Dilemmas (Raymond A. Zilinskas & Peter J. Balint Eds.), Craig Steven Jepson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the book: The Human Genome Project and Minority Communities -Ethical, Social, and Political Dilemmas (Raymond A. Zilinskas & Peter J. Balint eds., Praeger Publishers 2001). Preface, index, about the contributors. LC 00-032390; ISBN 0-275-96961-4 [160 pp. $54.50.Cloth, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881].

Update - March 2001, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

[ Hope and Responsibility in Clinical Settings: Two Reflections on Jewish Life and Death ]
-- Ethical Issues in Vulnerable Persons Research
-- Are Scientific Truths the Only Truths?

Golden Eggs: Towards The Rational Regulation Of Oocyte Donation, Kenneth Baum

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Peculiar Logic Of Pro-Abortion Advocacy, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article identifies a weakness in pro-abortion advocacy and how this weakness can be resolved to support said advocacy.

Morality And God, John Hare

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society at Western Michigan University, January 18,2001 with the title, "Does Morality Need God?"

Ada Constitution & Bylaws (2001), American Dental Association

Constitution & Bylaws

The ADA Commons Constitution & Bylaws archival collection comprises printed issues of the American Dental Association's Constitution and Bylaws. The collection also includes the ADA Charter and the ADA Code of Ethics issued 1924-1946.

The First Forty Years Of The Alternatives Approach: Refining, Reducing, And Replacing The Use Of Laboratory Animals, Martin L. Stephens, Alan M. Goldberg, Andrew N. Rowan

State of the Animals 2001

The concept of the Three Rs— reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal use in biomedical experimentation—stems from a project launched in 1954 by a British organization, the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW). UFAW commissioned William Russell and Rex Burch to analyze the status of humane experimental techniques involving animals. In 1959 these scientists published a book that set out the principles of the Three Rs, which came to be known as alternative methods. Initially, Russell and Burch’s book was largely ignored, but their ideas were gradually picked up by the animal protection community in the 1960s and early ’70s. …

Animal Research: A Review Of Developments, 1950–2000, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew

State of the Animals 2001

The third phase of the animal research debate started around 1950. After World War II the government became a major sponsor of scientific research, including biomedical research. The budget of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grew dramatically and has continued to grow, with a few minor retrenchment periods, up to the present time (see Figure 1). This growth led to an enormous expansion in publicly funded research. In the private sector, the discovery of penicillin and streptomycin led to a tremendous expansion in pharmaceutical research and in the size of the prescription drug industry. These expansions in government funding …

Dissection: The Scientific Case For Alternatives, Jonathan Balcombe

Experimentation Collection

This article presents the scientific argument that learning methods that replace traditional nonhuman animal-consumptive methods in life science education—so-called alternatives to dissection—are pedagogically sound and probably superior to dissection. This article focuses on the pedagogy, a learning method’s effectiveness for conveying knowledge.

Symposium Issue: "Who's Afraid Of Commodification?", Dena S. Davis

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

Unfortunately, a great deal of the talk about "commodification" has been clumsy and sloppy. The term has been used as a magic bullet, as if saying "But that's commodification!" is the same as having made an argument. In fact, commodification of human persons, human bodies, human labor, human relationships, is a complex matter.

Research On Faith And Health: New Appoaches To Old Questions, Thomas G. Plante, Allen C. Sherman

Psychology

Does religious faith influence health? Are religious practices associated with altered risks for morbidity or mortality? Do religious or spiritual individuals tend to enjoy better well-being or mental health across the lifespan? Does spiritual or religious involvement change the way individuals adapt to the demands of chronic illness? This volume brings together some of the leading investigators who have explored these intriguing questions. Though research is in its early phases, the chapters that follow review some of what we have learned and begin to trace the outlines of the many mysteries that remain.

The Girl Who Cried Pain: A Bias Against Women In The Treatment Of Pain, Diane E. Hoffmann, Anita J. Tarzian

Faculty Scholarship

In general, women report more severe levels of pain, more frequent incidences of pain, and pain of longer duration than men, but are nonetheless treated for pain less aggressively. The authors investigate this paradox from two perspectives: Do men and women in fact experience pain differently - whether biologically, cognitively, and/or emotionally? And regardless of the answer, what accounts for the differences in the pain treatment they receive, and what can we do to correct this situation?

Morality, Religion, And Public Bioethics: Shifting The Paradigm For The Public Discussion Of Embryo Research And Human Cloning, Brian Stiltner

Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies Faculty Publications

Public ethics bodies play a major role in the development of public policies that govern scientific research and health care.' Their tasks include weighing the ethical ramifications of forms of research, educating the public about the research and its likely benefits, and recommending directions for institutional practices and legal policies. Much debate about public ethics bodies has concerned the mode and level of their ethical reasoning. Should public ethics bodies develop substantive moral arguments on issues that are subject to widely divergent moral and religious interpretations, such as the status of the human embryo? To develop such arguments would, of …

The Market For Medical Ethics, Maxwell Gregg Bloche

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

At the core of Kenneth Arrow’s classic 1963 essay on medical uncertainty is a claim that has failed to carry the day among economists. This claim—that physician adherence to an anti-competitive ethic of fidelity to patients and suppression of pecuniary influences on clinical judgment pushes medical markets toward social optimality—has won Arrow near-iconic status among medical ethicists (and many physicians). Yet conventional wisdom among health economists, including several participants in this symposium, holds that this claim is either naïve or outdated. Health economists admire Arrow’s article for its path-breaking analysis of market failures resulting from information asymmetry, uncertainty, and moral …