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Articles 61 - 78 of 78
Full-Text Articles in Bioethics and Medical Ethics
Ethical Implications Of Treatment For Gender Dysphoria In Youth, Kelsey Hayes
Ethical Implications Of Treatment For Gender Dysphoria In Youth, Kelsey Hayes
Journal of Health Ethics
This manuscript explores ethical implications on treatment for youth with diagnosed gender dysphoria. The ethical considerations outlined and analyzed in this essay involve illuminating an understanding of whether the administration of pubertal suppression with GnRH agonists, and cross-sex hormones to children with gender dysphoria is morally justified as treatment to manage their psychological distress, or if safer more understood alternatives exist. This essay emphasizes that as health care professionals we must ensure youth with gender dysphoria receive adequate medical treatment and care however, this essay concludes through extensive literature review, that the use of inconclusive and under researched methods to …
Euthanasia, Assisted-Suicide, And Palliative Sedation: A Brief Clarification And Reinforcement Of The Moral Logic, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Euthanasia, Assisted-Suicide, And Palliative Sedation: A Brief Clarification And Reinforcement Of The Moral Logic, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Journal of Health Ethics
A persistent misunderstanding of the moral distinctions between the practices of euthanasia, assisted suicide, and palliative sedation suggests a critical need to revisit the relationship each shares with licit medical practice in the context of palliative care. To that end, this essay grounds its arguments in two, straightforward premises: (i) the licitness of medical practice is largely determined by the balance between (a) good ends, (b) proportionate means, (c) appropriate circumstances, and (d) benevolent intentions; and (ii) whereas palliative sedation employs criteria A-D (above), both euthanasia and assisted suicide fail to secure criteria A-C. Drawing from this syllogism, the aim …
The Ethical Principle Of Vulnerability And The Case Against Human Organ Trafficking, Peter A. Depergola Ii
The Ethical Principle Of Vulnerability And The Case Against Human Organ Trafficking, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Journal of Health Ethics
An increasingly blurred understanding of the ethical significance of global "transplant transactions" - a curious combination of altruism and commerce, consent and coercion, gifts and theft, science and sorcery, care and human sacrifice - suggest a critical need to revisit the fundamental moral normlessness of the trafficking enterprise. This essay grounds its arguments in two, straightforward premises: (i) the ethical principle of respect for human vulnerability is an indispensable measure of the licitness of most, if not all, moral actions; and (ii) human organ trafficking violates the ethical principle of respect for human vulnerability. Drawing from this syllogism, the aim …
The Ethical Justification Of Equal Candidacy For Organ Transplantation In Alcoholic Patients, Peter A. Depergola Ii
The Ethical Justification Of Equal Candidacy For Organ Transplantation In Alcoholic Patients, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Journal of Health Ethics
An increasingly blurred understanding of the distinctive challenges posed to transplantation medicine and, by extension, public health, by the debilitating reality of alcoholism suggests a critical need to revisit the relationship between causality, candidacy, and culpability in light of substance addiction. This essay grounds its arguments in two, straightforward premises: (i) compassionate medical practice - understood as the sympathetic willingness to enter into the existential suffering of another in order to ameliorate the anguish invoked by disease - rests on the fiduciary relationship shared between provider and patient; and (ii) allocating medical goods according to moral desert rather than existential …
Ethical Issues Perceived By Clinical Ethicists, Marcia S. Bosek, Brian Fulmer
Ethical Issues Perceived By Clinical Ethicists, Marcia S. Bosek, Brian Fulmer
Journal of Health Ethics
“Ethicists often work alone in rural locations while also holding leadership roles. Who helps the ethicist when he/she experiences an ethical dilemma or moral distress?” asked an ethicist. Purposes of this descriptive exploratory convenience research project were to (1) Identify the ethical issues personally experienced by clinical ethicists while fulfilling their professional role, and (2) Describe the resources that clinical ethicists have or desire for resolving these personally experienced ethical situations. A random purposive sampling strategy was implemented. IRB approval was obtained. 12 clinical ethicists participated. Eight of the participants had experienced a personal ethical issue while performing their clinical …
Legalization Of Euthanasia And Physician-Assisted Dying: Condemnation Of Physician Participation, Samira Mazloom, Alireza Hamidian Jahromi, Bahar Bastani
Legalization Of Euthanasia And Physician-Assisted Dying: Condemnation Of Physician Participation, Samira Mazloom, Alireza Hamidian Jahromi, Bahar Bastani
Journal of Health Ethics
The topic of physician-assisted dying has always been a controversial topic raising a strong ethical dilemma. Currently six states in USA (Oregon, Vermont, Washington, Montana, California, Colorado) have developed regulations legalizing physician-assisted dying (medical euthanasia). We propose that physicians, because of their Hippocratic oath, should be exempted of participating in it. We suggest experts in professional assisted dying (“Euthanasia Specialists”) be ethically and to some degree medically trained to perform such a task when deemed appropriate.
The Meaning Of Evidence And Nonmaleficence: Cases From Nursing, Chenit Ong-Flaherty Dnp, Angela Banks Phd, Martha Doyle Msn, Claire Olivia Sharifi
The Meaning Of Evidence And Nonmaleficence: Cases From Nursing, Chenit Ong-Flaherty Dnp, Angela Banks Phd, Martha Doyle Msn, Claire Olivia Sharifi
Journal of Health Ethics
In our increasingly diverse environment, nurses are obligated to question the meaning of “evidence” when history has shown that our emphasis on the empirical and quantitative data has shaped our biases against knowledge unknown to us. This bias has limited our ability to provide patient or person-centered care, and can be harmful to patients. Nurses are encouraged to reflect on what evidence means in their practice, and to make sure harm is not caused to patients by dismissing evidence yet unknown to us or accepting “truths” not fully understood by us. The authors use composite case studies to share experiences …
Stress Of Conscience: Concept Clarification, Muder Alkrisat, Manal Alatrash
Stress Of Conscience: Concept Clarification, Muder Alkrisat, Manal Alatrash
Journal of Health Ethics
Workers in healthcare systems are predisposed to work-related stress based on moral factors. Stress results when nurses are exposed to ambiguous moral situations, or when they are prevented by hospitals or their employees from doing what they ought to do. Such experiences have been described as stress of conscience because they give rise to a troubled conscience. Empirical studies indicate that health care employees, including nurses, sometimes refer to stress of conscience when faced with ethically difficult situations related to patient care.
Public Health Promotion In Bangladesh Through The Community Health Clinics: A Foucauldian Analysis, Biplab Kumar Halder
Public Health Promotion In Bangladesh Through The Community Health Clinics: A Foucauldian Analysis, Biplab Kumar Halder
Journal of Health Ethics
The system of community health clinics in Bangladesh is contributing largely to improving the public health status of rural communities in Bangladesh. The significant success of this health promotion program leads medicine to its summit of power to influence the prevalent power structure in rural Bangladesh. A critical analysis of this paradigm shift is demanded in the context of public health. A Foucauldian analysis of the public health scenario of Bangladesh is most relevant in this context. In the paper, I propose a critical analysis of the public health apparatus of Bangladesh as manifested in the community health clinics, from …
Does The Iranian Model Of Kidney Donation Compensation Work As An Ethical Global Model?, Jordan Potter
Does The Iranian Model Of Kidney Donation Compensation Work As An Ethical Global Model?, Jordan Potter
Journal of Health Ethics
Throughout the world, there is a massive global shortage of viable organs available for transplantation, and systems of cadaveric organ donation have thus far been unable to address this shortage. One potential remedy to this problem is to incentive live organ donation via cash incentives and other benefits, i.e. an organ sale, and this is the type of system Iran has used to effectively eliminate its national kidney waiting list since the late 1990s. In this article, the Iranian model of kidney donation compensation will be analyzed for its ability and effectiveness as an ethical global model, and this is …
Family Planning And Population Control In Developing Countries: Ethical And Sociocultural Dilemmas., Edward A. Komu M.D, Salome N. N. Ethelberg
Family Planning And Population Control In Developing Countries: Ethical And Sociocultural Dilemmas., Edward A. Komu M.D, Salome N. N. Ethelberg
Journal of Health Ethics
Do governments have the right to restrict individual freedom and right to have fewer or more children? Is it justifiable to control population in order to benefit society as a whole? Most of family planning and population control policies and programs in developing countries face resistant from the same people it aims to help. This can be mainly due to some ethical, socio-cultural beliefs, and moral values held by individuals and society as a whole. The challenges call for a need of family planning and population control programs to invest in examining ethical and socio-cultural dilemmas pertaining to these programs …
Csr Activity Of Tobacco Companies In Indonesia: Is It A Genuine Social Responsibility?, Harsman Tandilittin, Christoph Luetge
Csr Activity Of Tobacco Companies In Indonesia: Is It A Genuine Social Responsibility?, Harsman Tandilittin, Christoph Luetge
Journal of Health Ethics
The adoption of corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs in the tobacco industry has sparked a contentious debate in the international community. Tobacco industry’s CSR activities are honored by the government and Indonesian community with CSR awards due to their positive contributions. To assess the CSR activities of the tobacco companies and whether they are genuine forms of social responsibility or business motivation, we have collected the CSR activities and compared them with the negative impact of the tobacco industry in Indonesia. The CSR activities are in no way related to the negative impacts of tobacco in Indonesia. Therefore, CSR programs …
Ethical Perspectives Of Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing, Pawan Acharya, Rupesh Gautam
Ethical Perspectives Of Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Testing, Pawan Acharya, Rupesh Gautam
Journal of Health Ethics
Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing, which evolved from genomics is not free from controversies and ethical dilemmas. Conduction of genetic testing without direct communication between the users and certified medical professionals has aroused many ethical concerns. We discuss some ethical dilemmas surrounding DTC genetic testing in terms of quality assurance of the test, information communication process of the result, confidentiality of test result and the right to privacy, cost and price regulations, and user safety and harm mitigation. DTC genetic testing lies in the middle of a clash between liberal trade policies and state’s regulations as a case of extreme paternalism. …
Integrating Social Justice For Health Professional Education: Self-Reflection, Advocacy, And Collaborative Learning, Lena Hatchett, Nanette Elster, Katherine Wasson, Lisa Anderson, Kayhan Parsi
Integrating Social Justice For Health Professional Education: Self-Reflection, Advocacy, And Collaborative Learning, Lena Hatchett, Nanette Elster, Katherine Wasson, Lisa Anderson, Kayhan Parsi
Journal of Health Ethics
Justice as fair and equal treatment for all is one of the core visions for health professional education to reduce racial and economic health disparities in bioethics, nursing and medicine. However, the current reality of deeply entrenched structural inequities across race, class, gender, and social privilege make it a challenge for students to become aware of practical health equity solutions. This paper illustrates how faculty and students can build their understanding of health equity solutions in health professional education through self-reflection, self-direction, advocacy, and collaborative learning opportunities. We provide lessons learned and teaching resources from nursing, medicine, and law.
Generational Conflicts Among Vietnamese Americans In The Health Care Decision Making Process, Georgie D. Nguyen
Generational Conflicts Among Vietnamese Americans In The Health Care Decision Making Process, Georgie D. Nguyen
Journal of Health Ethics
In the U.S. there are approximately 1.3 million Vietnamese Americans. This group faced multiple problems after their immigration to the U.S. after the Fall of Saigon. While some easily acculturated within this group, others such as the older generation suffered difficulty doing so. The purpose of this article is to address concerns regarding the health care decision making process among the Vietnamese community and its importance to helping health care providers understand why there is a high mortality rate within this group.
The Ethics Of Place: Differences In Ethical Perspectives Among Urban, Suburban, And Rural Physicians In Georgia, Mary Eleanor E. Wickersham D.P.A., Jean Rawlings Sumner M.D.
The Ethics Of Place: Differences In Ethical Perspectives Among Urban, Suburban, And Rural Physicians In Georgia, Mary Eleanor E. Wickersham D.P.A., Jean Rawlings Sumner M.D.
Journal of Health Ethics
A debate continues between two camps: those who see “ethics as ethics” regardless of place and others who believe that ethical challenges are somehow different for rural physicians than for their more urban counterparts. This research examines the ethical perspectives of urban, suburban, and rural physicians to identify differences based on practice location. Over 3000 Georgia physicians responded to questions concerning their experiences with ethical dilemmas in eight domains: payment /conflict of interest; patient access; truth telling/professional conduct; boundary/dual role issues; patient autonomy; sociological/cultural issues; stress/burnout; and ethics training/leadership. Descriptive statistics and contingency tables were used for statistical analysis. Higher …
Maximizing Doctor-Patient Communication Of A Positive Hiv/Aids Test Result: A Best Practices Approach, Vikki Yashandra Spann
Maximizing Doctor-Patient Communication Of A Positive Hiv/Aids Test Result: A Best Practices Approach, Vikki Yashandra Spann
Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine healthcare practitioner (HCP) communication of a positive human immodeficiency syndrome/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) test result in an effort to find best practices. The population of this study included healthcare practitioners who had to disclose a positive HIV/AIDS status to a patient. Data from specific accounts recalled by the healthcare practitioners were analyzed using grounded theory approach. The first research question was concerned with the strategies used by healthcare practitioners. The results indicated that there are two primary strategies used in HIV/AIDS disclosure: strategic interactive facilitation and strategic interactive force. The second and …
Is The Current State Of Medical Ethics Education Having An Impact On Medical Students?, Lauren Saltzburg
Is The Current State Of Medical Ethics Education Having An Impact On Medical Students?, Lauren Saltzburg
Journal of Health Ethics
Medical education prepares medical students as they transition from the classroom to clinical setting in caring for patients through education in the sciences, pharmacology, and medicine basics—but does it leave room for the courses that lack scientific basis, such as medical ethics? Current research has shown that medical students do not place much emphasis on medical ethics. This leads to skepticism and wariness for medical students to speak up about their concerns if faced with an ethical situation. The “hidden curriculum” that is seen in many medical schools has a large impact on medical students’ impressions of how to deal …