Bioethics and Medical Ethics Commons^™

Codes Of Ethics In Business, Michael Davis

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, October 26, 1988.

Do Professors Need Professional Ethics As Much As Doctors And Lawyers?, James W. Nickel

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Papers Published by the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, Western Michigan University.

Does Autonomy Require Informed And Specific Refusal Of Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment?, Gerard V. Bradley

Journal Articles

Any social order that prizes individual autonomy is committed to collectively informing its autonomous members. A good working definition of "autonomy" is "self-determining free choice." What distinguishes "choice" from mere appetite or desire is deliberation upon known, available options and their probable consequences, and a practical equilibrium of external pressures for and against those options.

Even the most autonomy-driven society will conclude that some of its members - e.g., infants and persons with mental disabilities - are unable to choose for themselves. Autonomy for persons who are incompetent is inapposite because they are incapable of exercising free choice. Thus constitutional …

Biomedical Ethics In The Soviet Union, Richard T. De George

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

*This is an abbreviated version of a paper presented first at a joint MIT-Harvard Faculty Seminar on the humanistic dimensions of Soviet Science on November 20, 1987, and then at the Western Michigan University Ethics Center on February 10, 1988. An expanded, fully documented version, under the title "Soviet Biomedical Ethics" will appear in a volume edited by Loren Graham, and tentatively entitled The Human Side of Soviet Science, Harvard University Press, 1989.

Research With Human Subjects As A Paradigm In Teaching, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A "Bioethics" Approach To Teaching Health Law, Alexander Morgan Capron

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Affirmative Action Defended, Laurence Thomas

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This paper is based on a presentation made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society October 14, 1987.

Thoughts On Keeping My Mouth Shut, David H. Smith

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This paper is based on a presentation made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, April 4, 1986.

Ethics In Academia, Diether H. Haenicke

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This paper is based on a presentation made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, April 4, 1986.

The Aids Epidemic: A Prism Distorting Social And Legal Principles, Alec Gray

New England Journal of Public Policy

The AIDS epidemic is affecting American society in far-reaching and unexpected ways. It touches our institutions, our value systems, and our private lives. Social issues seem to change and become distorted by the epidemic 's prismlike effect. This article examines some of the major public health issues raised by the epidemic, ranging from testing to contact tracing and quarantine. It argues that while the civil rights of individuals may have to be sacrificed to stem the spread of the disease, those rights should not be abandoned unless a clear benefit to the public health would result.

Issues of discrimination in …

Update - November 1987, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Gerald Winslow joins LLU faculty
-- Thompson library opens September 25

[ Anencephalic Infants as Organ Donors: Ethical Issues ]
-- A Neonatologist's Concern
-- A Neonatologist's Reply
-- Should the Law be Changed?
-- Would Anencephalic Neonates be Citizens?
-- Cadaveric Donors Should be Dead

-- Ethics Center seeks $100,000

Ethical Norms In Science, Rachelle D. Hollander

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Papers Presented to the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, Western Michigan University.

Death Be Not Proud: Medical, Ethical And Legal Dilemmas In Resource Allocation, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Update - July 1986, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Baby Jessie and Beyond
-- Newsbriefs
-- The Bouvia Decision: Right But Inadequate
-- LLU plans conference on ethics and transplantation

[ Apartheid and Morality Today ]
-- Growing Up White in South Africa
-- In Favor of Constructive Engagement
-- Divestment: Realistic Moral Opposition to Apartheid

-- What should treatment committees consider?
-- Religion and Politics on Sabbath (Editorial)
-- George Otto Schumacher, MD (1913-1986)
-- Thomas Gordon Goman, PhD (1944-1986)

Australia’S Frozen ‘Orphan’ Embryos: A Medical, Legal And Ethical Dilemma, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

The central issues raised here are whether the two frozen embryos have a legal right to 1) live and be implanted in a surrogate mother, and, when and if they are born, 2) assert inheritance rights in the Rios' estate. Equally important is the question of the extent to which research into the new reproductive technologies should be allowed or restricted.

A Moment In Human Development: Legal Protection, Ethical Standards And Social Policy On The Selective Non-Treatment Of Handicapped Neonates, Lawrence O. Gostin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Selective non-treatment decisions involving severely handicapped neonates have recently come under renewed judicial and legislative scrutiny. In this article, the author examines the legal, ethical and social considerations attendant to the non-treatment decision. In Part II he discusses the predominant ethical viewpoints relating to this issue and proposes a new moral standard based on personal interests. Part III presents a survey of the jurisprudence relating to selective non-treatment decisions. Parts IV and V of this article provide a critical examination of the recently enacted Child Abuse Amendments of 1984, a federal legislative initiative designed to regulate treatment decisions relating to …

Book Review Of Solutions To Ethical And Legal Problems In Social Research, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Psychosocial, Legal, And Ethical Dimensions Of Ultrasound Imaging In Pregnancy, Karen H. Rothenberg

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Handicapped Babies And The Law: The United States Position, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Quality Of Life, Sanctity Of Creation: Palliative Or Apotheosis?, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

This Article will suggest an approach to facilitate decision-making where the concepts of quality of life and sanctity of life appear to clash. It is hoped that a reconciliation of these two ideas will provide an alternative to the increasing federal intervention in the process of family decision-making vis-a-vis handicapped infants.

The construct will combine deontological standards with situational, or consequential, ethics. This unique synthesis will then be placed within a sphere of expanded family advisers-medical, social, spiritual, legal, etc.-who are called into being with the birth of a genetically defective newborn. The force of the construct arises from the …

The Plight Of The Genetically Handicapped Newborn: A Comparative Analysis, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

Confusion and controversy surround efforts to re-evaluate and, thus, redefine the extent to which governmental intrusion should be allowed in the doctor-patient relationship vis-a-vis the treatment or non treatment of genetically handicapped, at risk infants. The purpose of this article is to present a succinct comparative analysis of the medical-legal posture in Britain and the United States and from this analysis to develop a construct to aid the physician and the family in making decisions concerning the administration or the withholding of treatment for genetically defective newborns.

Sexuality, Privacy And The New Biology, George P. Smith Ii, Roberto Iraola

Scholarly Articles

This Article investigates two alternative methods of human conception: Specifically, the artificial insemination of unmarried women for either their own personal purposes of pregnancy without the benefit of marriage or as surrogates for infertile women. Surrogation is evaluated, then, as an analytic complement to the sexual privacy of women who are expressing their sexual freedom through unconventional means to become pregnant.

The conclusion drawn is that an unmarried woman’s fundamental right to privacy or procreation does not encompass a right to either artificial insemination or surrogation. To allow unfettered access to these two methods of conception would - quite simply …

The Razor’S Edge Of Human Bonding: Artificial Fathers And Surrogate Mothers, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

This article will examine the plight of the artificial father and surrogate mother by focusing on how the law views artificial insemination. From this focus, the author will explore alternative responses for dealing with problems involving surrogate mothers, donor insemination, and infertility and show their symbiotic, if not direct, relation to the problem of infertility.

Intimations Of Immorality: Clones, Cyrons And The Law, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

This article examines some legal and moral issues associated with two developing areas of biomedicine; cloning and cryonics. The author firstly considers the practical benefits to society of developing perfecting and utilizing the process of cloning. These include the ability to overcome inheritable genetic defects and the provision of organs for transplantation. Against this must be weighed some moral and ethical problems of genetic engineering. Professor Smith then discusses the process of deep-freezing a person and the development of cryonics as a social movement. The major legal problem stemming from cryonics is determining the time at which a cryonically suspended …

Book Review Of Genetics, Ethics, And The Law, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Dealing With Terminally Ill Patients: An Institutional Approach, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Laboratory Animals: Unification Of Legislation In Europe, H. Rozemond

Laboratory Experiments Collection

A committee of experts within the Council of Europe is currently making preparations for a European convention on the protection of laboratory animals. The committee has been designated as the Comite Ad Hoc pour Ia Protection des Animaux (CAHPA). The Council of Europe, the sponsoring organization, is an institution whose chief goal is the peaceful cooperation of most European countries concerning cultural, economic, and social affairs; expressly excluded are matters of military concern. The countries represented on the Council include Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Greec:e, Great Britain, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, Malta, the …

Intrusions Of A Parvenu: Science, Religion, And The New Biology, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

Both religion and the law must seriously consider artificial insemination so that dogma and laws are formed to incorporate the process. Science has brought the procedure to a society unequipped to deal with the religious and legal implications of birth through artificial insemination in any of its forms. Not all religions or jurisdictions can be expected to treat the process exactly alike, but there must be an effort on the part of each organization to react to the situation facing them so that their citizens will have some guidance.

Section II of this article illuminates the path science is on …

The Promise Of Abundant Life: Patenting A Magnificent Obsession, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

The purpose of this essay will be to explore the parameters of the scientific imperative to explore truth. The scope of this inquiry is shaped in part by the United States patent laws and administrative interpretations and, more specifically, by the United States Supreme Court in its recent holding allowing the new forms of life created in a laboratory to be patented. The ultimate purpose of this piece, then, is to refute the arrogance of power theory expressed as being implicit in the investigations of the vast potential for the positive achievement of good through harnessing the "New Biology." Thus, …

Great Expectations Or Convoluted Realities: Artificial Insemination In Flux, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.