Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

A History Of Native Medical Auxiliaries, Tanzania:1920s To The 1960s, Irene Gabriel Ndosi, Ashura Jackson Ngoya

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper examines the role and evolution of Native Medical Auxiliaries (NMAs) in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, during British colonial rule between the 1920s and 1960s. It argues that NMAs were not merely subordinates within the colonial medical system but active agents who negotiated and blended Western medical practices with indigenous healing knowledge. Drawing on archival records and oral histories, the paper finds that NMAs filled critical gaps in healthcare delivery, particularly in rural areas, while simultaneously preserving local therapeutic traditions. By applying Local Agency Theory, the paper highlights the NMAs’ strategic engagement with colonial structures and their contribution to shaping hybrid …

Isolated Giant Aneurysm Of The Acute Marginal Branch Of Right Coronaryartery Presenting As Nstemi: Successful Direct Surgical Repair Preserving The Native Flow, Sai Kumari Ms., Anbarasu Mohanraj Dr, Saranya Damodaran Ms

Journal Of Indian Physician Associates

Abstract

Background: A “giant” coronary artery aneurysm is variably defined in the literature—commonly as a dilatation of a coronary vessel exceeding four times the diameter of the adjacent normal segment, or exceeding a fixed threshold such as > 8 mm or > 20 mm in diameter^1.

Case presentation: We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with type II diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension, who presented with breathlessness and chest pain radiating to the back. She had recently suffered a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and was found on coronary angiography to have a large aneurysm of the acute marginal branch …

Utilization Of Hybrid Angiography-Ct Suites In An Interventional Oncology Practice, David Irwin, Kiyoyuki Minamiguchi, Ryosuke Taiji, Aaron Kyle Jones, Gouthami Chintalapani, Roland Bassett, Steven Y. Huang, Sanjay Gupta

Advances in Cancer Education and Quality Improvement

Purpose: To evaluate operational trends in an interventional oncology practice at a tertiary academic center before and after the addition of hybrid angiography–computed tomography (Angio-CT) rooms.

Materials and Methods: The procedure volumes and types performed in the hybrid Angio-CT rooms were retrospectively collected from 2016 to 2020. Procedures were divided into categories, including arteriography, endovascular interventional oncology, ablation, venous intervention, non-vascular catheter placement (biliary, nephrostomy, gastrostomy, etc.), and osseous interventions. Procedural trends in the Angio-CT rooms and the frequencies of combination procedures that used both CT and angiography were assessed.

Results: A major shift of catheter-based tumor-directed cases to Angio-CT …

Nano Zinc Oxide Against Bacteria Isolated From Burn Infection, Mohammed Jaafar Al-Anssari, Mohammed Sahib Al-Hamami, Hayder Razzaq Al-Ameedee, Rabab Abdul Razzaq Kasema, Hawraa Majid Mahdi

Al-Bahir

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a type of bacteria that is found commonly in the environment, like in soil and in water. This bacteria can cause infections in the blood, lungs (pneumonia), or other parts of the body after surgery. These bacteria are constantly finding new ways to avoid the effects of the antibiotics used to treat the infections they cause. Zinc oxide nanoparticles' (ZnO-NPs') or Nano zinc oxide antibacterial properties have drawn a lot of attention from around the world, especially since nanotechnology has been used to create particles in the nanometer range. Because of their larger specific surface area and …

Plasma Ca125 Levels As A Predictor Of Major Adverse Cardiac Events In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Six-Month Follow-Up Study, Nazlı Dilek Çolak, Turgut Karabağ, Onuralp Çalışkan, Songül Tezcan

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is associated with different cardiovascular conditions. This study aimed to determine CA125 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the potential relationship between major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in the short-term following.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a coronary care unit between May and November 2022. Plasma CA125 levels were measured only once upon hospital admission. Patients were followed for six months. All-cause mortality, recurrent acute coronary syndrome, requirement for revascularization, decompensated heart failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, atrial fibrillation, and stroke were recorded as MACE.

Results: A total of 127 …

A Blood-Based Test For Colorectal Cancer Screening, Joshua Cullison

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Within the United States (US), colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the fourth most common malignancy and is responsible for over 50 000 deaths annually, second only to lung cancer in cancer mortality. Despite increased public awareness and increasing screening rates, the US remains far below the 80% screening mark set by the National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable at 59%. The addition of non-invasive blood-based tests for CRC screening could potentially increase screening rates and lower CRC deaths.

I performed a PubMed search using the search term “blood-based colorectal cancer screening.” I was particularly interested in articles that looked at Shield, which is …

Analysis Of Demand And Supply Of Radiotherapy Services At Dr.M.Djamil General Hospital Padang, Viola Shinta Dewi, Catur Suharinto, Zarni Zamzahar, Yulhaini Yulhaini

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Around 10 million cases of cancer are discovered in the world per year, and it will continue to increase. Half of cancer cases require radiotherapy as treatment therapy. Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, in 2021, has only 1 Cobalt radiotherapy. This study aimed to analyze the demand and supply of radiotherapy services at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang. This descriptive study was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang from May to December 2022. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis to describe the variables studied. This study reported that 241 patients were registered and received radiotherapy services. …

Successful Management Of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis With Cyclosporine In Hiv-Infected Patient, Rasinta Ayudya Deltania, Anggun Putri Yuniaswan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) can be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, making its management more challenging and complex. This case report aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of cyclosporine in HIV-associated GPP.

Case illustration: A 31-year-old male with a six-year history of HIV on antiretroviral therapy presented with rapidly spreading erythematous plaques with scaling and patches, along with “lakes of pus”, involving 50% of the body surface area (BSA). He reported oral burning, dysgeusia, and odynophagia; tongue Gram stain showed budding yeast and pseudohyphae. The patient was diagnosed with GPP and oral candidiasis in the setting …

Implementation Evaluation Of Blood Flow Restriction In The Rehabilitative Setting, Corbit Franks, Madison Wellborn, Matthew A. Chatlaong, Daphney M. Carter, William M. Miller, Matthew B. Jessee, Robert E. Davis

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Blood flow restriction refers to a training/rehabilitation method consisting of an external pressure system applied to a limb to partially inhibit blood flow to the tissues. Though much research has been conducted concerning the use of blood flow restriction, there is limited research concerning why clinicians may or may not utilize it. Objective: The current qualitative study utilized the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to investigate why clinicians may or may not implement blood flow restriction in the clinical setting. Methods: A semi-structured interview addressing twelve implementation constructs within four domains (Intervention Characteristics, Outer Setting, Inner Setting, and Characteristics …

Enhancing Cataract Surgery Outcomes: Optimal Use Of Pre- And Post-Operative Eye Drops, Keith Skolnick M.D., Anu Valiaveedu

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

Many preoperative and postoperative cataract patients struggle with comprehending the use of prescription medication as directed. Language barriers and low health literacy levels are major factors contributing to improper use of prescriptions. To increase patients comprehension, the Fort Lauderdale Eye Institute employed an educational intervention consisting of a live presentation and an instructional video. Results found that 44% of patients were hesitant to ask questions to clinical staff, 32% felt overwhelmed, and nearly 70% lacked confidence in using their prescribed eye drops. Following the intervention, 91% of patients reported increased confidence in their medications, and most indicated that the video …

From Molars To Bronchus; The Tale Of An Aspirated Dental Instrument, Yisroel Grabie, Sudeep Acharya, Fasih Sami Siddiqui, Gabriel A. Chavez Reyna, Michel Chalhoub

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Aspiration of dental instruments is a rare event that carries potentially serious complications when it occurs, especially in older patients, where protective reflexes are diminished. Clinical management may be difficult because of the risk of granulation tissue and different retrieval strategies according to the object’s characteristics. In this report, we describe the case of an 84-year-old man who aspirated a dental bur during a routine dental procedure, necessitating immediate intervention. Timely and precise management was essential to avert severe complications.

Case Presentation

During a routine dental procedure, an 84-year-old man aspirated a bud-shaped cross-cut carbide dental bur. Despite initial …

The Medicine From Nature; Finding The Antibacterial Power Of Essential Oils, Josi Maness, Seoyeon Kim, Eric T. Gillock

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Essential oils are known to have pharmaceutical effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic properties. These days, there are various types of essential oils that are commonly used for coughing or to promote good sleep.

We prepared 19 different essential oils to find the essential oil that has the most antibiotic properties by putting drops of oil on a soy agar plate with Serratia marcescens. As a result, cinnamon cassia essential oil was most effective, and five of them didn't have antibiotic properties.

We also tested with six different types of antibiotics, and as a result, only three of them …

Visual Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare: A Revolution In Making, Sanjay S. Rao, Punnya. V. Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Visual artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that teaches robots to understand images and visual information similarly to how humans do. According to the algorithm's development, visual AI allows robots to do more than just perceive; it also allows them to understand and sense the meaning behind images. Because of the enormous progress made in this area, computers are now able to recognize and interpret images more accurately than humans. From managing medical data to enhancing care delivery through AI-assisted diagnosis, visual AI has a broad impact on healthcare. By building devices and tools that can learn, …

Procedural Skills Gaps And Ultrasound Training In Saudi Medical Interns: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Rajkumar Rajendram, Abdullah Abdulrahman Alshamrani, Waleed Khalid Jarwan, Afnan Ali Alghamdi, Arif Hussain

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Medical internships lay the foundation for physicians' careers. While the scope of medical practice has broadened, the emphasis on procedural skills remains crucial. However, concerns persist regarding the adequacy of current internship training programs, particularly in the context of the increasing importance of ultrasound-guided procedures (UGPs). This study aims to assess the perceived relevance of procedural skills training and identify skill gaps among medical interns at our institution.

Aim: To assess medical interns' perceptions of the relevance of procedural skills training, with a specific focus on ultrasound guidance and to identify skill gaps within the internship program at our …

Personhood, Politics, Assisted Reproduction, And The Law Post-Dobbs, Myrisha S. Lewis

Pace Law Review

With the end of the federal constitutional right to abortion, state legislatures and state courts have become far more important in the sphere of reproductive rights. Before Dobbs, anti-abortion advocates had significant (albeit increasingly porous) ceilings on what they could prohibit in relation to reproductive health care. A significant check on those actions is now gone.

In the wake of Dobbs, societal debates about personhood have increased and expanded in terms of their practical implications. Before Dobbs, anti-abortion advocates admitted that Roe and subsequent cases limited the scope of their arguments, especially in relation to the legality …

Caregiver Perceptions On Telehealth-Based Audiological Services Offered Within A Mobile-Health Clinic For Infants, Divhanani Sithi, Samantha Marlanie Govender Dr

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

Purpose: Telehealth audiological services offered within a mobile clinic can expand the range of hearing healthcare services to rural and remote areas where many patients, in particular infants with hearing loss, go undetected due to limited access to specialist care. This study describes caregiver perceptions on the use of synchronous telehealth-based Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) services offered for their infants.

Method: A self-administered questionnaire comprising a total of 15 questions was issued to forty (n = 40) caregivers to rate their perceptions of the service.

Results: Caregivers were satisfied (76.8%) with mobile telehealth-based services on aspects of access, satisfaction …

Emotional Display Rules Of Deaf Culture, Nicholas M. Gala, Lawrence Pick

JADARA

Emotional display rules refer to the expression of culturally prescribed and socially acceptable emotions across different people and situations (Wu & Schulz, 2020). The display rules among hearing adults across several cultures are well defined and depend on the type of emotion, the individuals involved in the exchange, and the situation. Regarding Deaf culture in the United States, this minoritized group may follow unique display rules (Hosie et al., 2000), but there has been almost no research conducted with this population and the existing studies have focused on youth. The present study explores perceived emotional expressions among a sample of …

Thrower’S Fracture With Subsequent Compartment Syndrome Requiring Emergent 2 Compartment Upper Extremity Fasciotomy, Andrew Wise, Darwin Ang

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

A thrower’s fracture is a mid-to-distal third humerus fracture that commonly presents as an audible pop with severe arm pain sustained during the throwing motion. Although thrower’s fracture has been described previously in the literature, this report is the first to demonstrate compartment syndrome as its potential sequel.

Case Presentation

A 25-year-old semi-professional pitcher presented to the emergency department with severe right arm pain following a pitch. He described hearing an audible pop with subsequent severe pain. He was found to have elevated compartment pressures in his upper arm and was rushed to the operating room for a 2 …

Sinonasal Anatomical Analysis In Nonsyndromic Bilateral Coronal Suture Craniosynostosis Using Computerized Tomography, Tunchanok Paprad, Netsiri Dumromgpisutikul, Warunee Napakaew

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Craniosynostosis is a deformity of the skull associated with the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. In children with syndromic craniosynostosis, anomalies related to the cranial base and midface contribute to midface hypoplasia, affecting the diameter of the axial facial concavity. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, especially bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis, may result in abnormal facial proportions and affect sinonasal anatomy.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine and analyze morphometric measurement values in the sinonasal cavity of patients with nonsyndromic bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 91 children, aged 0 - 10 …

The Case For Using Composition Tomography To Evaluate Perirectal Necrotizing Fasciitis: Is It Really Necessary?, Tyler Bayliss, David Denning

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Clinical reviews of Fournier’s Gangrene state that diagnostic protocol includes interpreting CT, MRI, or Ultrasound imaging along with clinical symptoms and lab findings. We think that the use of imaging techniques as a diagnostic tool is no longer needed as Fournier’s Gangrene is specific enough of a disease that clinicians can diagnose using labs and physical examination alone.

Cases of perirectal necrotizing soft tissue infection recorded at St. Marys Medical Center were reviewed. Results of physical exams and imaging were compared along with measurements of severity upon admittance and length of stay. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we investigated if …

Effects Of Core Stabilization Exercises In Patients With Non-Specific Low Back Pain: Huber Motion Lab Versus Conventional, Ebru Koyuncu, Nur Tunali, Seda Saka, Ertuğrul Ural, Melek Güneş Yavuzer

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effects of core stabilization exercises with Huber® Motion Lab on pain, depression, and activity levels in patients with non-specific low back pain (LBP).

Materials and methods: In this study, 30 patients with non-specific LBP were allocated either to an experimental or to a control group. Both groups received a conventional physiotherapy program for 15 sessions. In addition, the control group performed 30 minutes of core stabilization exercises on the floor, whereas the experimental group used the Huber® Motion Lab device. The main outcome measures were pain severity (Visual Analogue Scale VAS), depression (Beck …

Lack Of Alternatives To Colonoscopy Limits Care Of Patients Unable To Complete Bowel Preparation, Tala Al-Saghir

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Benech N, Vinet O, Gaudin JL, et al.: The ONECC Study Group. Colon capsule endoscopy in clinical practice: lessons from a national 5-year observational prospective cohort. Endosc Int Open. 2021;9(10):E1542-E1548. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1526-09231

for a patient with incomplete bowel preparation and colonoscopy.

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

The Human Role In Artificial Intelligence, Christopher J. Smiley Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The success of AI requires human involvement to ensure that it is used safely and effectively. Transparency, collaboration, and standardization are necessary.

Anti-Factor Xa Level Monitoring For Enoxaparin Prophylaxis And Treatment In High-Risk Patient Groups, Lucie Sikes, Kipson Charles, Abigail Antigua, Rima Patel, Selina Imboywa, Pheba Cherian

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Monitoring anti-factor Xa levels is a controversial topic in the inpatient setting due to resource utilization and unclear conditional guideline recommendations regarding this practice. Enoxaparin dosing in certain high-risk patient populations such as those with low body weight, obesity, renal insufficiency, and pregnancy has not been determined. The objective of this review was to assess the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin monitoring via anti-factor Xa levels in high-risk patient populations.

The PubMed database was searched for articles related to low-molecular-weight heparin monitoring. Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses that evaluated the safety and efficacy of enoxaparin prophylaxis and treatment in patients …

Head And Neck Tumor Histopathological Image Representation With Pre- Trained Convolutional Neural Network And Vision Transformer, Ranny Rahaningrum Herdiantoputri, Daisuke Komura, Tohru Ikeda, Shumpei Ishikawa

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Image representation via machine learning is an approach to quantitatively represent histopathological images of head and neck tumors for future applications of artificial intelligence-assisted pathological diagnosis systems. Objective: This study compares image representations produced by a pre-trained convolutional neural network (VGG16) to those produced by a vision transformer (ViT-L/14) in terms of the classification performance of head and neck tumors. Methods: W hole-slide images of five oral t umor categories (n = 319 cases) were analyzed. Image patches were created from manually annotated regions at 4096, 2048, and 1024 pixels and rescaled to 256 pixels. Image representations were …

Patient And Provider Experience With Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology For Diabetic Retinopathy In A Rural Primary Care Setting, Brian M. Nolan, Emma R. Daybranch, Kerri Barton, Neil Korsen

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: The development of autonomous artificial intelligence for interpreting diabetic retinopathy (DR) images has allowed for point-of-care testing in the primary care setting. This study describes patient and provider experiences and perceptions of the artificial intelligence DR screening technology called EyeArt by EyeNuk during implementation of the tool at Western Maine Primary Care in Norway, Maine.

Methods: This non-randomized, single-center, prospective observational study surveyed 102 patients and 13 primary care providers on their experience of the new screening intervention.

Results: All surveyed providers agreed that the new screening tool would improve access and annual screening rates. Some providers also identified …

Performance Of A Sars-Cov-2 Rt-Pcr Assay With Non-Traditional Specimen Types, Subathra Marimuthu, Holly Aliesky, Heather Ness, Daniya Sheikh, Sathya Rashmit, Dawn Balcom, Leslie A. Wolf

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

During the first two years of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens were the gold standard for clinical diagnostic testing. As information about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the pandemic continued to be shared, it was clear that the virus could be detected in other specimen types during an active infection. The University of Louisville Infectious Diseases Laboratory accepted non-traditional specimen types, most without a paired, positive NP result, for research purposes only to support local epidemiology efforts. A real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay originally validated for NP specimens was used …

Prognostic Factors Of Myasthenia Gravis Remission After Thymectomy At National Referral Hospital In Indonesia, Suprayitno Wardoyo, Winda J. Layardi

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Thymectomy is a recommended treatment for myasthenia gravis, enfacing the problem of a low remission rate. However, Indonesian-specific characteristics of myasthenia gravis are somehow different from those of well-developed countries. Thus, identifying prognostic factors influencing remission is required for patient selection to provide optimal preoperative issues.

Methods. A retrospective cohort proceeded in our tertiary hospital, enrolling those diagnosed with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy for four years. Disease period modified Osserman classification, age, sex, preoperative plasmapheresis, preoperative steroid therapy, type of surgery, and thymic pathology were the variables of interest for three-year follow-up. In addition, these variables …

Therapies For Mitochondrial Disorders, Kayli Sousa Smyth, Anne Mulvihill

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Mitochondria are cytoplasmic, double-membrane organelles that synthesise adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is maternally inherited from the oocyte. Mitochondrial proteins are encoded by either nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mtDNA, and both code for proteins forming the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes of the respiratory chain. These complexes form a chain that allows the passage of electrons down the electron transport chain (ETC) through a proton motive force, creating ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This study aims to explore current and prospective therapies for mitochondrial disorders (MTDS). MTDS are clinical syndromes coupled with abnormalities …