Biomedical Applications Of Vibrational Spectroscopy: Oral Cancer Diagnostics, Hugh Byrne, Isha Behl, Genecy Calado, Ola Ibrahim, M. Toner, Sheila Galvin, Claire M. Healy, Steven Flint, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Vibrational spectroscopy, based on either infrared absorption or Raman scattering, has attracted increasing attention for biomedical applications. Proof of concept explorations for diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders and cancer are reviewed, and recent advances critically appraised. Specific examples of applications of Raman microspectroscopy for analysis of histological, cytological and saliva samples are presented for illustrative purposes, and the future prospects, ultimately for routine, chairside in vivo screening are discussed.

Use Of Prame Immunostaining To Distinguish Melanoma In Situ From Lentigo Senilis, Hailey Olds, Sarah Utz, Darius Mehregan

Medical Student Research Symposium

PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) is an antigen that is expressed by malignant cells in melanoma, as well as other cancers such as breast carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and leukemia. PRAME immunohistochemistry has proved effective in identifying malignant melanocytes in melanoma lesions, but it is unclear if it may be used to distinguish melanoma from benign melanocytic conditions, such as lentigo senilis. In particular, melanoma in situ may be confused with lentigo senilis clinically and histologically, thus PRAME immunostaining is potentially useful for differentiating these two lesions. We evaluated 31 samples of lentigo senilis, 26 of melanoma in situ, …

Association Of Presenting Symptoms With Abnormal Laboratory Values For Vector-Borne Illness — Experience In An Urban Gastroenterology Practice, Michael D. Erdman, Niloofar Kossari, Jessica Ye, Kristen H. Reynolds, Emily Blodget, B. Robert Mozayeni, Farshid Sam Rahbar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Background: In the clinical setting, it is not common practice to consider a vector bite, such as from a tick or flea, to be a contributing factor to chronic digestive symptoms. This article investigates associations we have observed among symptomatic patients and positive blood tests for vector-borne illness (VBI).

Methods: Patients who visited an urban gastroenterology clinic over a 3-year period were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 270 patients presenting with a constellation of digestive symptoms — and who had no apparent digestive pathology and reported no prior diagnosis or treatments for VBI — were analyzed. Before the initial visit, …

Comprehensive Echocardiographic Findings In Critically Ill Covid-19 Patients With Or Without Prior Cardiac Disease, Renuka Jain, Pedro D. Salinas, Stacie Kroboth, Abigail Kaminski, Sarah Roemer, Ana Cristina Perez Moreno, Bijoy K Khandheria

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with a spectrum of disease severity, the most serious cases requiring intensive care. Echocardiography is a front-line tool in evaluating cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU); we analyzed transthoracic echocardiograms obtained from this patient population with state-of-the-art ultrasound technology.

Methods: All patients with COVID-19 requiring ICU admission on whom a transthoracic echocardiogram was obtained were included in the study. Focused transthoracic protocols were performed by experienced sonographers. Echocardiographic variables, including speckle-tracking echocardiography, were collected and analyzed. Clinical information was obtained from the electronic medical record. Patients were followed until discharge. …

Drowning Rule Out With Novices (Drown) In Ultrasound, Justin Schevers, Stewart R. Richardson, Jacob Pope, Dylan Arnold, Casey Wilson

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2021

No abstract provided.

Developing A New Analytical Model For Combatting Crises: A Comprehensive Review, Seth Spire

Research Awards

As the world emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to reflect on the lessons learned and prepare for potential future health crises. While data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) played a pivotal role in managing the pandemic, there is much room for improvement and further use. This study examines the current state of data science tools employed during COVID-19, evaluating their advantages, limitations, and challenges in their broader implementation. We also review literature on future directions for AI in healthcare. Our findings highlight significant challenges, including difficulties in accessing usable data and common distrust of AI models for …

Best Practices For Clinical Evaluation Of Sacroiliac Joint Pain: An Evidence-To-Practice Review, Nicolette A. Harris, Adriana Peña, Sofia Núñez Rivera

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain serves as an under-recognized source of chronic low back pain. Improvement in the accuracy of a clinical SIJ pain diagnosis lends a higher likelihood of appropriate treatment measures, better patient outcomes and decreased out-of-pocket costs. Therefore, the overall purpose of this evidence to practice review was to highlight the main points of a systematic review on the clinical diagnosis of SIJ pain. Searches of five electronic databases revealed 758 studies, nonetheless only six studies met final inclusion criteria. Studies included were assessed by the authors for methodological quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies …

Disablement Model Case Study: Running With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, Jordan Fenney, Wendy Reitz, Hayley M. Ericksen

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

A 17-year-old high school female cross-country runner and basketball player presented with syncope following long-endurance exercise. The syncope episodes started when the patient was 13 years old during a basketball game. After the first episode, the patient fainted every time she crossed the finish line of a cross-country meet. Her symptoms included increased heart rate, shortness of breath, and paresthesia in her hands and legs during exercise. The patient also experienced some dizziness when quickly sitting or standing during activities of daily living. The patient was first misdiagnosed with exercise induced asthma and prescribed a rescue inhaler to take prior …

Nonsurgical Management Of Unilateral, Nondisplaced Lateral Malleolus Fracture In 17-Year-Old Outside Linebacker, K Tallman, R Bautista, B Spencer

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: Ankle fractures, specifically unilateral fractures, are among the most common injuries encountered by orthopedic surgeons. Ankle fractures have an incidence of 187 out of 100,000 individuals. Current treatment options for ankle fractures are dependent on stability of the ankle mortise, determined through number of fracture sites and ligamentous integrity. The management of the fracture scan either be surgical or nonsurgical, the majority being surgical. In this case report, a 17-year-oldmaleoutside linebacker sustained a left lateral ankle injury during a regular season football game. As he attempted to make a tackle, his left foot got caught in the turf, he …

Effect Of Imagery And Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Training On Selected Soccer Skills Performance, Sara Majlesi

Student Works (2020-2029)

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of PETTLEP video imagery (Physical, Environment, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion and Perspective), heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB), and concurrent intervention of both on selected soccer skill performances. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of PETTLEP video imagery, HRVB and concurrent intervention on soccer players' reactive motor skill test (RMST), sprint time, reactive agility, passing time, and passing accuracy. Participants of this study were Malaysian high school soccer players (N=64), with mean age of 15.31±1.83, who were assigned randomly into four groups: three experimental groups and one control group. …

The Influence Of Sonographer Experience On Skeletal Muscle Image Acquisition And Analysis, Joshua C. Carr, Gena R. Gerstner, Caleb C. Voskuil, Joel E. Harden, Dustin Dunnick, Kristin M. Badillo, Jason I. Pagan, Kylie K. Harmon, Ryan M. Girts, Jonathan P. Beausejour, Matt S. Stock

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The amount of experience with ultrasonography may influence measurement outcomes while images are acquired or analyzed. The purpose of this study was to identify the interrater reliability of ultrasound image acquisition and image analysis between experienced and novice sonographers and image analysts, respectively. Following a brief hands-on training session (2 h), the experienced and novice sonographers and analysts independently performed image acquisition and analyses on the biceps brachii, vastus lateralis, and medial gastrocnemius in a sample of healthy participants (n = 17). Test–retest reliability statistics were computed for muscle thickness (transverse and sagittal planes), muscle cross-sectional area, echo intensity and …

Synthesis, Characterization And Photophysical Properties Of Ytterbium Complexes Of Functionalized Porphyrins And Porpholactone, Beibei Liu

Masters Theses

The unique structure and superior properties of lanthanide porphyrins enable them to be used in a broad variety of applications, especially in medical diagnosis fields. This research focuses on modifying the porphyrin ligands in various places, resulting in broader absorption in the red region and strong emission in the near-infrared region for these ytterbium(III) porphyrin complexes. The design, synthesis and characterization for DMPH₂-BDP, DMPH₂-COOH, TPLH₂ ligands and YbDMP-BDP, YbDMP-COOH complexes are described. The photophysical properties of these ligands and complexes including their absorbance, fluorescence and quantum yields are also presented. Both the synthesized ligands and …

Reducing Turnaround Time From Pathology Collection To Patient Awareness In Gastroenterology Practice, Adrianna Hyams

DNP Scholarly Projects

Background: Means of improving the turnaround time from specimen completion to the patient being notified of results are not well known or researched. The aim of this study is to decrease the turnaround time (TAT) from when the specimen is collected to the time the patient is notified from 4 weeks to 2 weeks. This quality improvement project took place in a privately owned gastroenterology office in southern Indiana.

Methods: An exhaustive literature review was completed to determine the best means of improving pathology TAT. The Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) method of quality improvement was used for this project. …

Cost Outcomes Of Physical Therapist Providers Compared To Primary Care Providers In The Treatment Of Musculoskeletal Patients In A Military Treatment Facility: A Retrospective Chart Review”, Troy E. Mcgill, Debra F. Stern, Morey J. Kolber, John Mcgee

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the cost of physical therapist (PT) management of patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders to management by traditional primary care managers (PCMs); medical doctors (MDs), doctors of osteopathic medicine (DOs), advanced registered nurse practitioners (ARNPs), and physician assistants (PAs). Methods: This is a retrospective study of electronic medical records using an exploratory, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and quantitative design method. The records of patients with MSK disorders were assessed at an Air Force military medical clinic for 18 months from January 2016 through June 2017. Results: PT management of MSK patients resulted in a …

The Presentation Of Adhesive Capsulitis Of The Hip: A Case Study, Patrick E. Jurewicz, Ryan C. Berlinrut, Frank K. Noojin Iii, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

A 47-year-old female patient employed as a nurse in a mental health facility working 10-hour shifts reported to the sports medicine clinic for an initial orthopaedic examination after she twisted and fell out of bed causing direct compressive forces on her right hip. She has a history of an underdeveloped right hip, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) allergy, and low back pain (Oswestry score: 41/50, NPRS: 8/10) and is classified as a heavy smoker for 30 years. After initial onset, the patient’s pain increased with all motions. The patient also described a ‘catching sensation’ in her hip. The patient used …

Cervical Kyphosis In A Collegiate Baseball Player, L E. Trail, B J. Warner, D M. Gallegos

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: A 21-year-old collegiate baseball player reported to the athletic training staff complaining of pain along the superior angle of the scapula, decreased shoulder range of motion, and transient numbness and tingling in the 4th and 5th digits of his right hand. Physical evaluation revealed substantial spasm and rigidity of the upper trapezius and scapular stabilizer musculature, along with myofascial adhesions in the rhomboids and levator scapulae, in addition to weakness with shoulder abduction and external rotation. All thoracic outlet syndrome testing yielded no positive tests. Thorough patient history revealed a history of shoulder arthroscopy the previous summer to address …

An Exploratory Analysis Of A Treatment Based Classification Algorithm To Treat Patellar Tendinopathy, Monica Matocha, Patti Syvertson, Janet Mcmurray, Emily R. Dietz, Russell T. Baker, Alan Nasypany, Don Reordan, Darcy Downey

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

The general and athletic populations commonly experience patellar tendon pain, which is frequently treated with a gold standard 12-week eccentric exercise protocol. The present research study was designed to determine the effects of a treatment based classification (TBC) algorithm utilizing indirect treatment techniques in patellar tendinopathy participants. Ten participants (seven females, three males, mean age = 19.6 ± 1.07, mean symptom duration = 2.14 years with a range of one week to six years) with patellar tendinopathy were evaluated and included in this study. Each participant underwent a thorough evaluation process to aid in determining inclusion: participant medical history, range …

Harnessing Acoustic Streaming For Bioanalysis In Microfluidics, Xiaojun Li

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the past few decades, microfluidic technology has been developed rapidly in both fabrication methods and multifunctionality integrations, making it a powerful tool for a wider variety of biological applications. The device fabrication method has expanded from conventional polymer-based micro devices to 3D-printed micro devices, and allows multiple functions such as electric, optic, magnetic and acoustic to be integrated on a single platform. This dissertation focuses on method development of acoustic streaming-based microfluidics in bioanalysis such as immunoassay, enzyme kinetics and DNA fragmentation analysis. In this dissertation, a micromixer was developed based on acoustic streaming generated from sharp-edge structure vibration …

The Efficacy Of Mirnas As A Diagnostic Tool For Endometriosis, Maura Franey

Capstone Showcase

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynecological condition. Laparoscopic abdominopelvic exploration is the gold standard of diagnosis, but is not performed until patients experience severe symptoms. This review analyzes the levels of circulating micro-RNAs (miRNAs) (I) for diagnosis of endometriosis (O) in women diagnosed with endometriosis (P) compared to laparoscopic exploration (C).

Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed and Cochrane Library in November 2019. A total of nine articles consisting of case-control or systematic reviews were selected based on publication date, main outcome, and the use of miRNAs or laparoscopy for diagnosis of endometriosis.

Results: The eight …

Ecg Monitoring In Athletes, Jalal Jwayyed, Kelly Purgason, Joseph Linder, Annamarie Alfery, Silvia Furman

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Athletes and medical personnel need reliable methods to monitor vital signs and detect potentially life-threatening issues before they occur. Electrocardiograph (ECG) monitors are currently the best method of detecting heart-related health issues. Current ECG monitors worn by athletes are difficult to use and lack the ability to track ECGs in real time. Through research and interviews with various clinicians, further problems have been identified that include poor electrode adhesion, and a lack of compatibility with the equipment worn by athletes. Our team proposes to develop solutions that will improve performance and comfort associated with ECG monitors for athletic applications. This …

Burnout With Caregiving Of Autism And The Covid19 Pandemic, Erin Babcock, Leah Recker

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

I am working with Leah Recker and we are doing research on parent/caregiver burnout of those with children that have autism, especially during COVID. We are creating a survey on Qualtrics, using stem questions followed by Likert scale items, which we will then send to the Director of Programs, Lisa Thompson, at Autism Society of Greater Akron. She will then pass it along to the parents and caregivers within their community, via Facebook or their weekly newsletter. Parents/caregivers will have the opportunity to complete the survey and we will receive the results when done so. We will then analyze the …

Effectiveness Of Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Education For Advanced Practice Providers, Nicole Brumfield

DNP Projects

Abstract

Background: Provider shortages and demands for inpatient providers have led to an increase in the utilization of Advanced Practice Providers (APPs). The increased use and specialization of APPs has brought attention to education and skills that have been instituted for other provider types but remains missing from the APP curricula. One such example is point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) education. This technology and skill set have been shown to enhance clinical skills, confidence levels, and provide useful information for the provider to enhance clinical decision making for the patient.

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of …

Simultaneous Wound Border Segmentation And Tissue Classification Using A Conditional Generative Adversarial Network, Salih Sarp, Murat Kuzlu, Manisa Pipattanasomporn, Ozgur Guler

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Generative adversarial network (GAN) applications on medical image synthesis have the potential to assist caregivers in deciding a proper chronic wound treatment plan by understanding the border segmentation and the wound tissue classification visually. This study proposes a hybrid wound border segmentation and tissue classification method utilising conditional GAN, which can mimic real data without expert knowledge. We trained the network on chronic wound datasets with different sizes. The performance of the GAN algorithm is evaluated through the mean squared error, Dice coefficient metrics and visual inspection of generated images. This study also analyses the optimum number of training images …

The Enlightening Role Of Explainable Artificial Intelligence In Chronic Wound Classification, Salih Sarp, Murat Kuzlu, Emmanuel Wilson, Umit Cali, Ozgur Guler

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been among the most emerging research and industrial application fields, especially in the healthcare domain, but operated as a black-box model with a limited understanding of its inner working over the past decades. AI algorithms are, in large part, built on weights calculated as a result of large matrix multiplications. It is typically hard to interpret and debug the computationally intensive processes. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to solve black-box and hard-to-debug approaches through the use of various techniques and tools. In this study, XAI techniques are applied to chronic wound classification. The proposed model classifies …

Copper Sulfide Manganese Nanoparticles For Multimodality Imaging And Therapy, Ali S. Gawi Ermi

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

COPPER SULFIDE MANGANESE NANOPARTICLES FOR MULTIMODALITY IMAGING AND THERAPY

By Ali S. Gawi Ermi, MSc

Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are compatible with metal-based multi-modality molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) are attractive photoacoustic and photothermal agents and are amenable to incorporation of radionuclides and paramagnetic elements to facilitate image-guided therapy. The aim of this work is to develop manganese (Mn)- doped CuS NP, intrinsically radiolabeled with radionuclides such as (Zirconium-89 (⁸⁹Zr), Copper-64/67 (^64/67Cu) and Manganese-52/55 (^52/55Mn)). This novel approach combines Photoacoustic (PA), Positron emission tomography (PET), Single-photon emission computed tomography …

Diagnosis And Intervention Of Posterior Shoulder Impingement In A Non-Throwing Athlete, K Orrick

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: Posterior impingement, also commonly called internal impingement, is identified by a repetitive compression of the posterosuperior aspect of the glenoid by the greater tuberosity of the humeral head when the arm is in an abducted and externally rotated position. There are multiple possible causes of this impingement. One of the most frequent contributors is scapular dyskinesis, where the scapula does not track properly with overhead movement due to weakness. Other contributors include kinetic chain instabilities found in the spine, core, and lower extremity, as well as glenohumeral instability causing a shift in the humeral head. Posterior impingement is commonly …

Treatment And Management Of Complex Knee Injury: A Case Report, K Braunreiter, S Kerwin

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Background: The “unhappy triad” injury includes tears of the anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and medial meniscus. There is limited research on the prevalence and outcome of this injury. The unique surgical repair consisting of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) was utilized to reinforce the anterior cruciate ligament repair (ACLR) and to prevent rerupture. Due to this extensive surgery, the patient struggled to regain full range of motion and quadriceps activation. This case is a Level 2 case study that explores the different interventions used to address the aforementioned objective deficits and return him safely to play. Patient: The patient …

A Proposed Return-To-Ride Protocol For United States Jockeys Following Concussion, Carolina Quintana, Kimberly I. Tumlin, Matthew C. Hoch, Nicholas R. Heebner, Bianca L. Grimshaw, Carl G. Mattacola

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Professional horse racing jockeys participate in a high-risk sport, however there is limited research and policies regarding welfare and safety. Despite the high incidence and risk of concussions, there are not standardized protocols for returning these unique athletes to participation following concussion. A return-to-ride concussion protocol for thoroughbred horse racing athletes must take into account the unique considerations and practices of the sport. Current concussion management strategies suggest removal from riding and activity when a concussion is suspected. This is followed by further evaluation for diagnosis, a period of both cognitive and physical rest before a gradual return-to-activity prior to …

Bi-Lateral Hand Compartment Syndrome Secondary To Autoimmune Disorder In A Former High School Multi-Sport Athlete, Alyssa Vaniman

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Patient is a 21-year-old female former multiple-sport athlete who has suffered from the development of multiple cases of compartment syndrome throughout their body. At the time the medical staff encountered the patient, they were diagnosed with bilateral hand compartment syndrome. An autoimmune disorder known as Scleromyositis was diagnosed as the source of the multiple diagnosed cases of compartment syndrome. Prior to surgical intervention, the patient was unable to complete everyday tasks as a student. As pressure within their hypothenar, thenar, and interosseous compartments grew, the patient was no longer able to complete everyday fine motor skill tasks. A post-surgical rehabilitation …

Structural Remodeling Of The Lumbar Multifidus, Thoracolumbar Fascia And Lateral Abdominal Wall Perimuscular Connective Tissues: Medium-Term Test-Retest Reliability Of Ultrasound Measures, Christian Larivière, Dany H. Gagnon, Richard Preuss

Études primaires

Abstract

Introduction

Growing interest is being paid to the lumbar multifidus (LM) intramuscular fatty infiltrations and fibrosis that are secondary to low back pain as well to the remodeling of perimuscular connective tissues (fasciae) such as the thoracolumbar fascia and fascia sheets separating the abdominalwall muscles. Magnetic resonanceimaging and computed tomography have traditionally been used but rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) is much more affordable and practical, which can accelerate research and clinical applications on this topic. The aim of this study was to test the medium-term (8 weeks) test-retest reliability of the corresponding RUSI measures.

Methods

Thirty-four participants …