Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Conference Proceedings: Aurora Scientific Day 2020

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Abstracts published in this supplement were among those presented at the 46th annual Aurora Scientific Day research symposium, held virtually on May 20, 2020. The symposium provides a forum for describing research studies conducted by faculty, fellows, residents, and allied health professionals affiliated with Wisconsin-based Aurora Health Care, a part of the Advocate Aurora Health health system, which publishes the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews.

Comparison Of The Efficacy Of Mouth Rinses Camellia Sinensis Extract, Guava Leaves Extract And Sodium Fluoride Solution, On Streptococcus Mutans And Lactobacillus In Children (An In Vivo Study), Sara Abdelkhalek Hassana, Nadia Ezz Eldin Metwalli, Gehan Gaber Ibrahim, Moustafa Abdelnasser Aly

Future Dental Journal

Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess and compare intraorally the ef- fectiveness of 0.5% Camellia sinensis extract, 0.5% guava leafs extract, 0.2% sodium fluoride solution on the number of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli spp. in the oral cavity. Materials and methods: Forty four healthy children of age group 7–12 years was carried out. The subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: (A) 0.5% C. sinensis extract, (B) 0.5% guava leafs extract, (C) 0.2% sodium fluoride, and (D) Saline mouth wash, with 11 subjects per group. Plaque samples were taken and streptococcus mutans bacterial count was assessed …

Characterization Of The 5′-Flanking Region Of The Human And Mouse Chac1 Genes, Yuki Nomura, Charity F. Sylvester, Lisa O. Nguyen, Mahmoud Kandeel, Yoko Hirata, Imran N. Mungrue, Kentaro Oh-Hashi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The Unfolded Protein Response pathway is a conserved signaling mechanism having important roles in cellular physiology and is perturbed accompanying disease. We previously identified the novel UPR target gene CHAC1, a direct target of ATF4, downstream of PERK-EIF2A and activated by the UPR pathway. CHAC1 enzyme directs catalysis of γ-linked glutamate bonds within specific molecular targets. CHAC1 is the first enzyme characterized that can catalyze intracellular glutathione degradation in eukaryotes, having implications for regulation of oxidative stress. DDIT3 (CHOP) is a terminal UPR transcription factor, regulated by ATF4 and an output promoting cell death signaling. Herein we examine the relationship …

Cyclosporine Shows Benefit As Compared To Methotrexate For Treatment Of Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis Refractory To Topical Medications When Rapidity Of Clinical Response Is Of Key Importance To The Patient, Connor R. Buechler, Steven Daveluy Md

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report appraising El-Khalawany MA, Hassan H, Shaaban D, Ghonaim N, Eassa B. Methotrexate versus cyclosporine in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis in children: a multicenter experience from Egypt. European Journal of Pediatrics. 2012;172(3):351-356. https://doi.org10.1007/s00431-012-1893-3 for a pediatric patient with severe atopic dermatitis.

3d Reconstruction Of Spine Image From 2d Mri Slices Along One Axis, Somoballi Ghoshal, Sourav Banu, Amlan Chakrabarti, Susmita Sur-Kolay, Alok Pandit

Journal Articles

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very effective method for identifying any abnormality in the structure and physiology of the spine. However, MRI is time consuming as well as costly. In this work, the authors propose an algorithm which can reduce the time of MRI and thus the cost, with minimal compromise on accuracy. They reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) image of the spine from a sequence of 2D MRI slices along any one axis with reasonable slice gap. In order to preserve the image at the edges properly, they regenerate the 3D image by using a combination of bicubic and …

An Unexpected Outcome Of A Pediatric Simulation Encounter For Occupational Therapy Students., Anne H. Zachry, K. Booker, S. B. Lancaster

Faculty Presentations

This presentation reviewed how to plan and implement a pediatric simulated educational experience to align with the targeted course learning objective(s). Participants learned how to incorporate best practices into simulation education in order to advance occupational therapy education.

Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline: Comprehensive Pediatric Eye And Vision Examination, American Optometric Association

Optometric Clinical Practice

Republished with the written permission granted from the American Optometric Association, October 2, 2020.

Developed by the AOA Evidence-Based Optometry Guideline Development Group

Approved by the AOA Board of Trustees February 12, 2017

Diane T. Adamczyk, O.D., Chair – State University of New York, College of Optometry, New York, New York

John F. Amos, O.D., M.S. – University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Optometry, Birmingham, Alabama, Dean and Professor Emeritus

Felix M. Barker, II, O.D., M.S. – W. G. (Bill) Hefner VAMC, Salisbury, North Carolina

Benjamin P. Casella, OD – Private Practice – Casella Eye Center, Augusta, Georgia

Linda …

The Role Of Adhesives In Dermatologic Surgery: Tips, Tricks And Review, Adam Chahine, Stefanie Lynn Altmann, Mariam Salman, Karthik Krishnamurthy

Dermatology

Background: The utilization of tissue adhesives for wound closure has historically been well established in the emergency department setting. More recently, it has been adopted by dermatologists and other surgical specialties as an alternative or adjunct to more traditional bilayered wound closures.

Purpose: This serves as a comprehensive review of the available scientific literature on the utilization of tissue adhesives compared to traditional bilayered closures. We discuss benefits, drawbacks, as well as novel surgical techniques, as applicable to dermatologic surgery.

Methods: A literature review was performed using Pubmed and MEDLINE for relevant articles related to the use of adhesives and …

Age Based Evaluation Of Nut Aspiration Risk., Jill N D'Souza, Taher S Valika, Bharat Bhushan, Jonathan B Ida

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: To identify an age at which initiation of whole nut into the pediatric diet could be considered safe, by evaluating the age distribution of children undergoing bronchoscopy with removal of nut or seed material from the airway. Method: A retrospective chart review over a ten-year period identifying children age 0–18 that have undergone bronchoscopy with retrieval of airway foreign bodies. A statistical analysis of demographic data was carried out to identify age distribution of aspiration events. Results: Sixty-four cases of foreign body aspiration were identified, of which 43 (67%) were of organic origin, specifically nuts. A Fisher's exact test …

Transcutaneous Energy Transmission: Can We Do It Now?, Yuriy Pya

The VAD Journal

The percutaneous driveline used in contemporary LVADs presents a continuous risk of infection for the duration of support. Minimizing infection in durable mechanical circulatory support systems requires total implantation of all components and energy transfer by means other than percutaneous drivelines. A novel coplanar energy transfer (CET) system, similar to the original transcutaneous energy transfer (TET) design, is unique by incorporating two large rings with coil-within-the-coil topology to ensure strong resonance power. The CET system consists of an internal integrated controller, a battery coupled with an internal thoracic coil ring, and the LVAD pump. External equipment includes a power transmission …

Développement D’Une Procédure D’Évaluation De La Performance De Filtres De Ventilation Pour Des Particules De Taille Inférieure À 300 Nm, Incluant Les Nanoparticules, Clothilde Brochot, Pooya Abdolghader, Fariborz Haghighat, Ali Bahloul

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La filtration est un moyen simple et efficace pour capter des particules de différentes tailles. C’est un des outils utilisés dans le domaine de la santé et la sécurité au travail pour maîtriser l’exposition aux particules ultrafines et aux nanoparticules, tant dans des zones de travail restreintes ou ponctuelles, que dans les systèmes de ventilation générale ou spécifique. La norme actuelle, dans le cas de la ventilation générale, limite l’évaluation de l’efficacité de filtration à des particules dont la taille est comprise entre 0,3 et 10,0 µm. Même si la taille des particules les plus pénétrantes dans le cas de …

The Role Of Rapid Diagnostic Point Of Care Igg/Igm Antibody Tests In The Diagnosis Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Nishita Tripathi, Daniya Sheikh, Dawn Balcom

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Current testing of symptomatic patients for SARS-CoV-2 involves the use of nucleic acid amplification tests, also known as genetic, RNA, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), to detect viral RNA. The initial use of point of care (POC) antibody tests, also known as serological tests, in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection was limited. In this review, we determine the significance of POC antibody serological tests and explore their possible role in the diagnosis and management of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase, supplemented by searching the Centers for …

Training For A Marathon – Responding To A Pandemic, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aci-35 And Aadvac1 Active Immunotherapy As Preventative Treatment Options For Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, Emily C. Boehlein

Selected Honors Theses

One of the most common, as well as one of the most dangerous injuries amongst athletes today is mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), commonly known as concussion. Aside from physical symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, and headaches; concussions have can have longterm effects on brain physiology. A common neurological disease that can result from multiple concussions is Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), characterized by symptoms such as severe depression, anxiety, confusion, and aggression; amongst others.1 On the cellular level, CTE is classified by a unique pathway that leads to the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and subsequent clumping of tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles …

Can Viruses Cause Lupus?, Stephen I. Reeder

Selected Honors Theses

Like so many autoimmune diseases, the exact cause of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains unknown. Evidence points to both genetics and environment playing roles in the onset of the disease, but neither acts independent of the other. Genetics are the easier of the two to study with recent advances in the field making it easier to isolate genes shared by individuals with the disease. However, genetic studies reveal that there is almost certainly an environmental component to the development of SLE. The underlying pathology and existing research on environmental contributors to the development of SLE suggest that viruses could potentially …

Physical Activity After Delivery: A Feasibility Study, Antonio Gonzalez Fiol, Md, Geoffrey Ho, Mbbs, Dongchen Li, Md, Richard Amdur, Phd, Chapman Wei, Md, Homa K. Ahmadzia, Md, Marianne David, Md, Christopher Jackson, Md, Jeffrey S. Berger, Md, Mba

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Early mobility is one of the main goals of the enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery, yet it is rarely objectively measured. Benefits related to this goal include mechanical prevention of deep venous thrombosis and early discharge.

Methods: We conducted a multi-center prospective study in which an activity tracker was utilized to measure the steps taken by patients after delivery. The primary outcome was steps taken after vaginal or cesarean delivery. Secondary outcomes was factors affecting ambulation (e.g pain/satisfaction with pain management and mode of delivery).

Results: Data from 50 postpartum patients were analyzed. Vaginal delivery patients took more cumulative …

Validation And Application Of A Novel Target-Based Whole-Cell Screen To Identify Antifungal Compounds, Christian Alexander Dejarnette

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Traditional approaches to drug discovery are inefficient and have several key limitations that constrain our capacity to rapidly identify and develop novel experimental therapeutics. To address this, we have devised a second-generation target-based whole-cell screening assay based on the principles of competitive fitness, which can rapidly identify target-specific and physiologically-active compounds. Briefly, strains expressing high, intermediate, and low levels of a preselected target protein were constructed, tagged with spectrally distinct fluorescent proteins (FPs), and mixed together. The pooled strains were then grown in the presence of various small molecules, and the relative growth of each strain within the mixed culture …

Genetic Duties, Jessica L. Roberts, Alexandra L. Foulkes

William & Mary Law Review

Most of our genetic information does not change, yet the results of our genetic tests might. Labs reclassify genetic variants in response to advances in genetic science. As a result, a person who took a test in 2010 could take the same test with the same lab in 2020 and get a different result. However, no legal duty requires labs or physicians to inform patients when a lab reclassifies a variant, even if the reclassification communicates clinically actionable information. This Article considers the need for such duties and their potential challenges. In so doing, it offers much-needed guidance to physicians …

The Clinical Relevance Of Cement Volume In Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation, Ravi G. Mirpuri, Madhuri Are, Virginia Hardie, Michael J. Warden, Robin High

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction: Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty are two forms of percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA), in which polymethylmethacrylate cement is used to stabilize vertebral compression fractures (VCF). This study sought to evaluate the relationship between cement volume and clinical outcomes, including pain reduction, opioid use, and complication rate.

Methods: Retrospective chart review produced 88 patients who received PVA at a tertiary care outpatient pain clinic. Cement volume, type of PVA, gender, level (thoracic vs lumbar) were collected, as well as clinical outcomes of numeric pain score (NPS) reduction, opioid percent change (OPC), and complications. Both pre-procedure and post-procedure (between 2-4 weeks) data were …

Ponv Prophylaxis Failure Disproportionately Affects Female Patients, Despite Intraoperative Computerized Decision Support Guidance, Karl A. Krieser, John B. Riley Iii, Jospeh E. Baus, Julie T. Hoffman, James N. Sullivan Md, Robert L. Lobato

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Objectives: To compare postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis treatment and outcomes based on patients’ sex, using a retrospective cohort. The setting was the operating room and post-anesthesia care unit of a tertiary care university medical center.

Patients: A total of 678 adult male and female patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) scores of 1-4 underwent surgery with general anesthesia. All patients received preoperative PONV risk assessment. PONV prophylaxis was administered at the discretion of the anesthesia care team members with guidance from a computerized decision support system.

Measurements: Adequacy of prophylaxis was retrospectively determined based on individual patient …

A Comparative Study For Methodologies And Algorithms Used In Colon Cancer Diagnoses And Detection, Mona Mohamed Nasr, Laila Mohamed Abdelhamid, Naglaa Shehata

Future Computing and Informatics Journal

Colon cancer is also referred to as colorectal cancer; it is a kind of cancer that starts with colon damage to the large intestine in the last section of the digestive tract. Elderly people typically suffer from colon cancer, but this may occur at any age. It normally starts as a little, noncancerous (benign) mass of cells named polyps that structure within the colon. After a period of time these polyps can turn into advanced malignant tumors that attack the human body and some of these polyps can become colon cancers. So far, no concrete causes have been identified and …

Cytokine-Targeted Therapeutics For Kshv-Associated Disease, Nedaa Alomari, Jennifer Totonchy

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is linked to several human malignancies including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD) and recently KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). As with other diseases that have a significant inflammatory component, current therapy for KSHV-associated disease is associated with significant off-target effects. However, recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of KSHV have produced new insight into the use of cytokines as potential therapeutic targets. Better understanding of the role of cytokines during KSHV infection and tumorigenesis may lead to new preventive or therapeutic …

Core Neuropsychological Measures For Obesity And Diabetes Trials: Initial Report, Kimberlee D'Ardenne, Cary R. Savage, Dana Small, Uku Vainik, Luke E. Stoeckel

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Obesity and diabetes are known to be related to cognitive abilities. The Core Neuropsychological Measures for Obesity and Diabetes Trials Project aimed to identify the key cognitive and perceptual domains in which performance can influence treatment outcomes, including predicting, mediating, and moderating treatment outcome and to generate neuropsychological batteries comprised of well-validated, easy-to-administer tests that best measure these key domains. The ultimate goal is to facilitate inclusion of neuropsychological measures in clinical studies and trials so that we can gather more information on potential mediators of obesity and diabetes treatment outcomes. We will present the rationale for the project and …

An Analysis Of A New Shoe Technology In The Gait Patterns Of A Child With A Neurological Disability, Emma Madonna, Jeff Bauer

The SUNY Journal of the Scholarship of Engagement: JoSE

This study focused on the application of a unique technology originally designed to supply biofeedback to dancers, but in this case was used to assist a child learning to walk while battling the effects of Cerebral Palsy. The musical shoes, called Electroskip^TM, utilize a biofeedback system that generates variable sounds/beats/songs when an individual is walking and placing pressure on their heel or toe. The study lasted six weeks with two sessions per week. Each session started with shoes fitted with Electroskip^TM technology placed on the child’s feet. When instructed by the researcher the child would proceed to …

Fall Detection: Threshold Analysis Of Wrist-Worn Motion Sensor Signals, Michael J. Wolfe, Jospeh Caguioa, Andy Nguyen, Jacquelyn Cheun Phd

SMU Data Science Review

In this paper, we present a detection algorithm that accurately differentiates the event of a person falling from normal Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Our algorithm processes signals recorded from accelerometers and gyroscopes built into wearable activity monitoring devices such as smart watches that are worn on an individual’s wrist. Existing algorithms are accurate but imprecise, and rely too much on inconveniently-placed sensors. We propose a pipeline that improves precision without sacrificing accuracy and ease of use. We present the use of a combination of threshold-based and machine learning-based approaches to develop a refined fall-detection algorithm that builds upon previous …

Parent Responses To Pediatric Pain: The Differential Effects Of Ethnicity On Opioid Consumption, Candice D. Donaldson, Brooke N. Jenkins, Michelle A. Fortier, Michael T. Phan, Daniel M. Tomaszewski, Sun Yang, Zeev N. Kain

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective

Within the context of the United States opioid epidemic, some parents often fear the use of opioids to help manage their children's postoperative pain. As a possible consequence, parents often do not dispense optimal analgesic medications to their children after surgery, putting their children at risk of suffering from postsurgical pain. The objective of this research was to assess ethnicity as a predictor of both pain and opioid consumption, and to examine how Hispanic/Latinx and Non-Hispanic White parents alter their child's opioid consumption in response to significant postsurgical pain.

Methods

Participants were 254 children undergoing outpatient tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy …

Enhanced Extraction Technique Of Omarigliptin From Human Plasma-Applied To Biological Samples From Healthy Human Volunteers, Shereen Mowaka, Nermeen Ashoush, Mariam M. Tadros, Noha M. Elzahar, Bassam Ayoub

Pharmacy

Enhancing drug extraction from human plasma is a challenging approach that critically affects pharmacokinetic and any further clinical studies based on the drug Cmin and Cmax values. It also has a serious impact on the sensitivity and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) value of the bio-analytical methods. An advanced liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) bio-analytical method of omarigliptin (25–1000 nM) was established in human plasma using one-step liquid-liquid extraction. Alogliptin was used as an internal standard (IS) to attain good recovery and reproducibility while reducing the effects of the matrix. Enhanced plasma extraction of omarigliptin was successfully achieved …

Acute And Chronic Dosing Of A High-Affinity Rat/Mouse Chimeric Transferrin Receptor Antibody In Mice, Demi M. Castellanos, Jiahong Sun, Joshua Yang, Weijun Ou, Alexander C. Zambon, William M. Pardridge, Rachita K. Sumbria

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Non-invasive brain delivery of neurotherapeutics is challenging due to the blood-brain barrier. The revived interest in transferrin receptor antibodies (TfRMAbs) as brain drug-delivery vectors has revealed the effect of dosing regimen, valency, and affinity on brain uptake, TfR expression, and Fc-effector function side effects. These studies have primarily used monovalent TfRMAbs with a human constant region following acute intravenous dosing in mice. The effects of a high-affinity bivalent TfRMAb with a murine constant region, without a fusion partner, following extravascular dosing in mice are, however, not well characterized. Here we elucidate the plasma pharmacokinetics and safety of a high-affinity bivalent …

Estimating Partial Body Ionizing Radiation Exposure By Automated Cytogenetic Biodosimetry, Peter Rogan

Biochemistry Publications

Purpose: Inhomogeneous exposures to ionizing radiation can be detected and quantified with the Dicentric Chromosome Assay (DCA) of metaphase cells. Complete automation of interpretation of the DCA for whole body irradiation has significantly improved throughput without compromising accuracy, however low levels of residual false positive dicentric chromosomes (DCs) have confounded its application for partial body exposure determination.

Materials and Methods: We describe a method of estimating and correcting for false positive DCs in digitally processed images of metaphase cells. Nearly all DCs detected in unirradiated calibration samples are introduced by digital image processing. DC frequencies of irradiated calibration …

Factors Affecting The Characterization Of Post-Exertional Malaise Derived From Patient Input, Carly S. Holtzman, Claire Fisher, Shaun Bhatia, Leonard A. Jason

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The National Institutes of Health/Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NIH/CDC) Common Data Elements (CDE) established a post-exertional malaise (PEM) workgroup with the task of describing PEM and recommending a standardized way of assessing it in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). As a stigmatized group, patients with ME/CFS are in need of instruments which can properly describe their symptomatic experiences, which can help reduce the disparity between illness seriousness and appropriate attention from healthcare. The current study explored attitudes and preferences among 115 patients with ME/CFS who participated in the creation of a patient-driven instrument to …